1、广东省中山市2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWhen in Rome, do as the Romans do. Here are some British etiquette(礼仪) and customs international students ought to know.VisitingIn most houses in Britain, the doors are usually kept closed. It is customary to visit people at
2、a pre-arranged time and day. Usually, people are not comfortable if you just drop in. Nevertheless, if someone says to drop in at any time, feel free to do so as long as it is not in the middle of the night. When you go into someones house, do take your hat off (men only). It is impolite for men to
3、wear hats indoors especially in churches.GreetingIn Britain, the handshake is a common form of greeting. When you meet people for the first time, it is normal to shake hands. A firm handshake is the norm(标准); there are no issues over gender in Britain. The usual formal greeting is How do you do? and
4、 a firm hand shake, but with a lighter touch between men and women. In Britain, unlike some other European countries, it is unusual to embrace or kiss the other person (unless they are family or a very close friend).GiftsDuring birthday and Christmas celebrations, it is common for the British to exc
5、hange gifts between family members and close friends. The gift doesnt need to be expensive, but it should usually show an attempt to find something that is related to the recipients(接受者) interests. When invited to someones home, it is normal to take along a box of good chocolates, a bottle of good w
6、ine or a bunch of beautiful flowers. Note that gifts are opened when received.PunctualityThe British are generally punctual(守时的), especially the scots. The British consider it impolite if you turn up late for an appointment. In most cases, the people you are meeting will be on time, call even if you
7、 will be 5 minutes later than youve promised. If you have been late or fail to keep your appointment, make an effort to contact the person to let them know. It is a good idea to telephone and offer your apologies.1. What do the British men usually do when they meet for the first time?A. Embrace or k
8、iss each other.B. shake hands firmly.C. Bring an expensive gift.D. Take off their hats immediately.2. What present may the author recommend you if you attend a birthday party in Britain?A. A book the receiver is interested in.B. A pet that you think is cute.C. A red envelope with some money.D. A fan
9、tastic and expensive bike.3. Which of the following may be considered not polite for visiting British people?A. Visit them at a scheduled time.B. Show up on time instead of arriving earlier.C. Phone to tell them if one will be late.D. Pay an unexpected visit to give them a surprise.【答案】1. B 2. A 3.
10、D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在英国需要遵守的一些礼仪。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Greeting部分的When you meet people for the first time, it is normal to shake hands. A firm handshake is the norm(标准)可知，在英国第一次见面应该紧紧地握手。B. shake hands firmly.(紧紧地握手)符合以上说法，故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Gifts部分的The gift doesnt need to be expensive, but it should usuall
11、y show an attempt to find something that is related to the recipients(接受者) interests.可知，生日或者圣诞节的礼物不需要贵，但是应该和接收者的兴趣相关。A. A book the receiver is interested in.(一本接收者感兴趣的书)符合以上说法，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Visiting部分的Usually, people are not comfortable if you just drop in.可知，突然造访会让主人不适，这是不礼貌的。D. Pay an unexpec
12、ted visit to give them a surprise.(为了给他们一个惊喜突然拜访)不符合英国的礼仪，故选D项。BWhen it comes to giving help to developing countries, we often think about donating money so that these countries can build schools and hospitals, buy food and medicine, or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important
13、basic needs of the people we are trying to help. However, the traditional way is far from enough. We need better ideas to help them.Recently, I read about a plan to make cheap laptop computers for children in developing countries. A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, wh
14、ich can run without electricity. He decided to invent this computer after he visited a school in Cambodia.The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is a little different from the normal laptop computers you can buy in the shops. Covered in rubber, this computer is very strong and wont be damaged
15、easily. As an electricity supply can be a problem in developing countries, the computer also has a special handle (把手) so that children can wind (摇) the computer up to give it extra power when needed.These special laptop computers will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr. Negroponte wants to build
16、as many as 15 million machines in the first year of production. The idea is that these computers will help the childrens education as they will be able to access the Internet.These computers might not help the people in developing countries immediately, but by improving childrens education they shou
17、ld help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the long term. Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again. In the UK, and probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every ye
18、ar. The waste created by throwing away these old phones is very bad for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to recycle them. In this way we will be able to achieve two important goals at the same time. We will reduce the waste we produce and help others. In other words, we will be a
19、ble to “kill two birds with one stone”, and that is always a good thing.4. Which of the following words can be best used to describe Nicholas Negroponte?A. Determined and devoted.B. Independent and successful.C. Responsible and selfless.D. Creative and caring.5. What can we infer from the passage?A.
20、 The computer invented by Nicholas Negroponte runs without electricity.B. Recycling old phones is a traditional way to help developing countries.C. Improving education can help developing countries in the long run.D. The UK creates most of the waste by throwing mobile phones.6. What is the authors p
21、urpose in writing this passage?A. To introduce some new and better ways to help developing countries.B. To call on people to help developing countries.C. To talk about different ways to help developing countries.D. To tell readers how to help developing countries.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲了N
22、icholas Negroponte发明了一种便宜的手提电脑和循环使用手机来帮助发展中国家。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, which can run without electricity. (一个叫尼古拉斯内格罗蓬特的人发明了一种廉价的笔记本电脑，它可以在没有电的情况下运行)可推断，Negroponte发明了这种笔记本电脑，因此他是有创造力的；由第四段的As an electricity supply can be a problem in develo
23、ping countries, the computer also has a special handle (把手) so that children can wind(摇) the computer up to give it extra power when needed.(由于电力供应可能是发展中国家的一个问题，计算机也有一个特殊的手柄，这样孩子们就可以在需要的时候把电脑卷起来给它额外的电源)可推断，Negroponte是充满爱心的，想要帮助发展中国家的人。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a
24、 cheap laptop computer, which can run without electricity.可知，尼古拉斯内格罗蓬特发明的电脑没有电可以运行。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句提到帮助发展中国家传统的方式是远远不够的。我们需要更好的想法来帮助他们；二到四段讲述了尼古拉斯内格罗蓬特发明的电脑不用电可以运行，帮助孩子们得到教育让他们能够上网，改善发展中国家的教育；最后一段讲述了帮助发展中国家儿童的另一个想法是回收旧手机，使它们能够再次使用。因此推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一些帮助发展中国家的新的更好的方法。故选A。COne of the problems
25、 damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. Rubbish of all kinds is piling up in landfill and polluting our rivers and oceans. A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-wasteelectronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give
26、 this stuff a new life.Many millions of tons of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded each year, partly because its cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we lack the skills to repair them. A UN report claims the 50 million tons of e-waste produced every
27、year will more than double to 110 million tons by 2050, making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world.However, theres a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in
28、London, which is one of many found around the world. One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that this project allows you to reduce waste, make the life of objects longer, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault. As many electrical items contain valu
29、able metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting(提取)these materials from electrical items. Its thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones typically containing as many as 60 elements, this co
30、uld be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.These projects make total sense collection of e-waste for recycling are stagnating (停滞不前的) or even decreasing according to Ruediger Kuehr of the United Nations University. And in countries where there is no legislation(立法), much of it is
31、 just thrown away. However, the European Union, for example, is trying to deal with the problem by insisting that manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for machines for up to 10 years.7. What does the underlined word discarded in Paragraph 2 mean?A.
32、 recycledB. thrown awayC. dealt withD. produced8. What do we know about the Restart Project in London according to the text?A It helps people to use their electronics longer in order to reduce waste.B. It collects all kinds of electronic items that are broken.C. It encourages people to get rid of it
33、ems that have developed a fault.D. It is one of the famous clubs in the world.9. What is the authors attitude towards these projects?A. Negative.B. Positive.C. Neutral.D. Critical.10. What is the best title for the passage?A. Giving the rubbish a new lifeB. The fastest growing waste streamC. Solving
34、 the problem of e-wasteD. The importance of recycling【答案】7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现在人们正在用一些办法来延长物品，尤其是电子产品的使用寿命，最终达到减少浪费的目的。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段的One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away.(毁坏我们地球的问题之一是我们扔掉的东西的数量)和第二段的Many millions of tons of televisions,
35、 phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded each year, partly because its cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we lack the skills to repair them.(每年数以百万的电视机、电话和其它电子产品被discarded，部分原因是重新买一个比修理它们便宜，还因为我们缺乏修理它们的技术)猜测划线部分的意思是“扔掉”。B. thrown away(扔掉)符合以上说法，故选B项。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三
36、段的this project allows you to reduce waste, make the life of objects longer, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault.可知，Restart Project这个项目让你减少浪费，让物品的使用寿命更长，并且帮助不能承担扔掉那些有问题的物品的人。A. It helps people to use their electronics longer in order to reduce waste.(
37、它帮助人们更长时间使用他们的电子产品以达到减少浪费的目的)符合以上说法，故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的These projects make total sense(这些项目完全有意义)可推测，作者对这些项目持支持态度。B. Positive.(积极的)符合以上说法，故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，可知本文主要讲述了现在人们正在用一些办法来延长物品，尤其是电子产品的使用寿命，最终达到减少浪费的目的。再结合第一段的Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life.(现在一些方法正在被采
38、用来给这些东西一个新生命)可知，A. Giving the rubbish a new life(给垃圾一个新生命)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。During summer days, warmer temperatures bring pests like mosquitoes. Mosquitoes can cause lots of trouble for people._11_. They even can spread many serious diseases.An easy way to protec
39、t yourself against mosquitoes is using repellents (驱虫剂). Joseph Conlon, an advisor of the American Mosquito Control Association, recommends using repellents that are registered with the Environmental Protection Agency, which ensures that they actually do no harm to humans. _12_. But some repellents
40、can provide 4-6 hours of protection if the quality of them is excellent.Mosquitoes are also very weak. A slight wind from a fan can help keep them away from you. It turns out that many mosquitoes are not very good fliers. _13_. Another way is to clear all the standing water (积水) every five days. Con
41、lon explains that mosquitoes can produce young in water collected in areas as small as bottle caps. But they have a limited flight range, which means they cant travel far. “The best way to avoid them is to not have them around in the first place.” he says. If youve got them in your backyard, its bec
42、ause youre raising them in your backyard. _14_. “If you cant avoid the standing water around your house, I suggest raising fish that will eat mosquito larvae (幼虫).”_15_. Theyve experimented with male mosquitoes containing some materials that stop females from producing larvae. “There are not a lot o
43、f companies producing new chemicals or treatments that we can use,” a researcher of the experiment adds. “We need new technologies and products to get rid of mosquitoes.”A. They usually provide two hours of protection.B. Do remember to keep children away from them.C. So try to make sure your house d
44、oesnt have standing water.D. You can wear protective clothing and keep your windows closed.E. You can set up a fan in your house so that mosquitoes cant bite you.F. Many people hardly sleep well at night with mosquitoes flying around.G. The researchers also try to find high-tech solutions to mosquit
45、o population.【答案】11. F 12. A 13. E 14. C 15. G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何保护自己免受蚊子叮咬的方法。【11题详解】空格前一句“Mosquitoes can cause lots of trouble for people”表示的是蚊子会给人们带来很多麻烦。空格后一句“They even can spread many serious diseases.”表示的是它们甚至会传播很多严重的疾病。由此可见，为了承接上句，空格处应该表示的是蚊子具体带来的麻烦。选项F“Many people hardly sleep well at night
46、 with mosquitoes flying around.”表示的是随着蚊子到处飞来飞去，很多人在夜晚难以安眠。承接了上句，符合语境。故选F。【12题详解】空格后一句“But some repellents can provide 4-6 hours of protection if the quality of them is excellent.”表示的是但是一些驱虫剂如果质量不错的话，它们能提供4-6小时的保护。由此可见，空格和后一句是转折关系，空格处描述的应该也是关于保护时间。选项A“They usually provide two hours of protection”表示的是
47、它们通常提供2个小时的保护。和后一句形成对比，符合语境。故选A。【13题详解】由第二段的第二句“A slight wind from a fan can help keep them away from you.”可知，来自风扇轻微的风都能使得蚊子远离你。由此可见，空格处应该是在描述风扇可以帮助远离蚊子。选项E“You can set up a fan in your house so that mosquitoes cant bite you.”表达的是你可以在你房子里装上风扇，这样蚊子就不会叮咬你。这表达的是风扇可以帮助远离蚊子的叮咬，符合语境。故选E。【14题详解】空格后一句“If yo
48、u cant avoid the standing water around your house, I suggest raising fish that will eat mosquito larvae (幼虫).”表达的是如果你无法避免在你房子四周有积水，我建议饲养一些可以吃掉蚊子幼虫的鱼。这是对空格内容的承接，由此可见，空格处应该描述的是房子四周不要有积水。选项C“So try to make sure your house doesnt have standing water.”表示的是所以努力确保你的房子没有积水。空格后一句是对这句的进一步的描述，符合语境。故选C。【15题详解】空
49、格后一句“Theyve experimented with male mosquitoes containing some materials that stop females from producing larvae.”表示的是他们已经对一些雌性蚊子做了实验，这些雌性蚊子含有一些可以阻止它们繁殖幼虫的物质。选项G“The researchers also try to find high-tech solutions to mosquito population.”表达的是研究者也在努力寻找针对蚊子种群的高科技方法。这和后一句表达的“阻止蚊子繁殖的实验”相呼应，符合语境。故选G。完形填空
50、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A modern phone can put the world at the users fingers. But sometimes, these_16_are of little practical use. Lekus 63-year-old mother_17_in the Yi language(彝语). She cant read Chinese or speak Mandarin and is_18_ to read numbers. Therefore, a_19_function of
51、 any modern phone can prove to be difficult for her. Whenever she wants to_20_her son, she has to ask someone to help her to dial his_21_.Leku, 25, a university student of the Yi ethnic group,_22_,wanted to help. So he_23_ an app(应用程序) that responds to his mothers_24_to call any son in the Yi langua
52、ge. Once this is said, the_25_will automatically (自动地) dial his number. The app is called Yayou. It_26_ to be a wonderful aid for his mother and has also_27_ many other Yi people in China. With the app, I wanted to help my_28_, as well as other Yi people, says Luku. Besides my mothers problem, Ive a
53、lso_29_some villagers, who left to make a living as migrant workers in cities, _30_ misunderstanding or losses of money due to the_31_ in communication.The dream is becoming_32_ -after more than two years_33_, Leku and his partner Mise Achang are ready to release an updated version of their app in J
54、uly. The 2.0 version of Yayou will have several new functions,_34_news and entertainment content, as well as online shopping_35_, in both the Yi and Chinese languages.16. A. worldsB. usersC. fingersD. phones17. A. usesB. speaksC. understandsD. communicates18. A. unableB. unwillingC. unhappyD. unluck
55、y19. A. newB. simpleC. hardD. good20. A. findB. readC. callD. write21. A. phoneB. numberC. motherD. friend22. A. naturallyB. graduallyC. finallyD. successfully23. A. plannedB. createdC. suggestedD. produced24. A. helpB. problemC. requestD. suggestion25. A. appB. signalC. buttonD. screen26. A. puts o
56、utB. sets outC. leaves outD. turns out27. A. calledB. providedC. benefitedD. encouraged28. A. momB. partnerC. userD. villagers29. A. helpedB. witnessedC. understoodD. talked30. A. gettingB. makingC. sufferingD. finding31. A. uselessnessB. carelessnessC. abilitiesD. difficulties32. A. smallerB. bigge
57、rC. moreD. less33. A. movementB. managementC. achievementD. development34. A. makingB. readingC. providingD. producing35. A. servicesB. centersC. listsD. experiences【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
58、文章主要讲述了一个彝族大学生为了解决不懂汉语的妈妈拨打电话的问题，开发了一个应用。该应用不仅帮助了他的妈妈，同时也帮助很多其他彝族人。今年7月该应用的最新版本即将发布。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有时，这些电话没有实际的用处。A. worlds世界；B. users使用者；C. fingers手指；D. phones电话。根据上文的A modern phone can put the world at the users fingers.可知此处用“电话”符合语境，故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Leku63岁的妈妈说彝语。A. uses使用；B. speaks说；
59、C. understands明白；D. communicates交流。根据下文的in the Yi language可知此处用“说”符合语境，故选B项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她读不懂汉语，也不会说普通话，并且也不识数。A. unable不能的；B. unwilling不乐意的；C. unhappy不开心的；D. unlucky不幸运的。根据上文的She cant read Chinese or speak Mandarin可知此处用be unable to do sth.“不能做某事”符合语境，故选A项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，任何现代电话的简单功能对她
60、来说都是困难的。A. new新的；B. simple简单的；C. hard困难的；D. good好的。根据下文的she has to ask someone to help her to dial his_6_.可知她连最简单的功能打电话，都不会，故选B项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管什么时候，她想给儿子打电话，都不得不找其他人帮忙拨他的号码。A. find找到；B. read读；C. call打电话；D. write写。根据上文的Therefore, a_4_function of any modern phone can prove to be difficult for h
61、er可知此处用“打电话”符合语境，故选C项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管什么时候她想给儿子打电话，都不得不找其他人帮忙拨他号码。A. phone电话；B. number号码；C. mother妈妈；D. friend朋友。根据上文的dial可知此处用“号码”符合语境，故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Leku，25岁，一个彝族少数名族的大学生，最终想要帮助他的妈妈。A. naturally自然而然地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. finally最终；D. successfully成功地。结合上下文可知，此处是指，因为他的妈妈总是要求助于别人才能给他打电话，所
62、以他最终想要帮助她，故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他创建了一个应用，该应用能对他妈妈用彝语给儿子打电话的要求做出回应。A. planned计划；B. created创建；C. suggested建议；D. produced生产。根据下文的Leku and his partner Mise Achang are ready to release an updated version of their app in July.可知这款应用是他和搭档一起创建的，故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：因此，他创建了一个应用，该应用能对他妈妈用彝语给儿子打电话的要
63、求做出回应。A. help帮助；B. problem问题；C. request要求；D. suggestion建议。根据下文的call any son可知这是他的妈妈对电话发出的要求，故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦妈妈这样说了，这款应用就会自动拨打他的号码。A. app应用；B. signal信号；C. button按钮；D. screen屏幕。根据上文的So he_8_ an app(应用程序) that responds to his mothers_9_to call any son in the Yi language.可知此处用“应用”符合语境，故选A项。【26
64、题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它被证明对于他的妈妈来说是一个很好的帮周，同时也对中国其他很多彝族人有好处。A. puts out扑灭；B. sets out出发；C. leaves out遗漏；D. turns out证明是。根据上文的Once this is said, the_10_will automatically (自动地) dial his number.可知这款应用证明对他的妈妈来说是有帮助的，故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它被证明对于他的妈妈来说是一个很好的帮助，同时也对中国其他很多彝族人有好处。A. called叫，打电话；B. provided提供；C.
65、 benefited对有好处；D. encouraged鼓励。结合上下文可知，此处是指该应用不仅帮助了他的妈妈，也帮助了其他彝族人，对他们来说有好处，故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Leku说：“有了这个应用，我想帮助妈妈和其他彝族人。” A. mom妈妈；B. partner搭档；C. user使用者；D. villagers村名。根据上文的With the app, I wanted to help my_13_,可知他开发该应用的初衷是帮助他的妈妈，故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“除了我妈妈的问题，我同样也明白一些村民（的问题），他们背井离乡去城市
66、打工，因为交流障碍遭受了误解或损失了金钱。”A. helped帮助；B. witnessed目睹；C. understood明白；D. talked谈论。根据下文的misunderstanding or losses of money due to the_16_ in communication.可知他明白一些村民面临的问题，故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“除了我妈妈的问题，我同样也明白一些村民（的问题），他们背井离乡去城市打工，因为交流障碍遭受了误解或损失了金钱。”A. getting得到；B. making制作；C. suffering遭受；D. finding发
67、现。根据下文的losses of money可知此处用“遭受误解”符合语境，故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“除了我妈妈的问题，我同样也明白一些村民，他们背井离乡去城市打工，因为交流障碍遭受了误解或损失了金钱。”A. uselessness没用；B. carelessness粗心；C. abilities能力；D. difficulties困难。根据上文的as migrant workers in cities和losses of money可推测很多彝族人因为只懂彝语，所以在交流上会遇到困难/障碍，故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：梦想变得越来越大超过两年的发
68、展后，Leku和他的搭档阿昌已经准备好在7月发布该应用的最新版本。A. smaller更小的；B. bigger更大的；C. more更多的；D. less更少的。根据下文的Leku and his partner Mise Achang are ready to release an updated version of their app in July.可知他们的梦想变大了，故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：梦想变得越来越大超过两年的发展后，Leku和他的搭档阿昌已经准备好在7月发布该应用的最新版本。A. movement移动；B. management管理；C. achi
69、evement成就；D. development发展。根据下文的The 2.0 version of Yayou will have several new functions可知他们的应用在不断发展，故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yayou的2.0版本将会有几个新功能，包括同时用彝语和汉语阅读新闻和娱乐内容，以及在线购物服务。A. making制作；B. reading阅读；C. providing提供；D. producing生产。根据下文的news and entertainment content可知此处用“阅读”符合语境，故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
70、意：Yayou的2.0版本将会有几个新功能，包括同时用彝语和汉语阅读新闻和娱乐内容，以及在线购物服务。A. services服务；B. centers中心；C. lists清单；D. experiences体验。结合常识可知，各种应用是给使用者提供各种服务的，故选A项。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese delivery driver, Gao Zhixiao, was featured on the cover of the magazine Time in March because of his devotion to serving
71、customers during the novel corona-virus outbreak(新冠肺炎疫情爆发). Along with five others, he_36_(pick) by the magazine as one of the heroes. Ever since COVID-19 broke out, many restaurants shut down or switched to takeout-only services. _37_(million) of people had to stay home to avoid getting infected. P
72、eople chose to order food online or buy fruit and vegetables to cook at home. As _38_ result, delivery orders increased_39_(great), placing a huge burden on delivery drivers.Gao was _40_(bear) into a poor family, and started to make a living in Beijing _41_ the age of 16. After the novel corona-viru
73、s broke out, Gao hesitated for a while to continue working, but then picked up orders because he _42_(think)customers might be in need. Due to the danger of person-to-person transmission (传染), Gao must take measures to avoid spreading viruses during his route around Beijing, _43_(include)taking a re
74、gular health test every morning. Besides delivering goods, Gao even cooked for an elderly lady who was living all by _44_(she). We will never forget the great efforts of those ordinary people like Gao _45_ have made the greatest contributions in the fight against COVLD-19.【答案】36. was picked 37. Mill
75、ions 38. a 39. greatly 40. born 41. at 42. thought 43. including 44. herself 45. who/that【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了中国送货司机高志孝在新冠病毒期间，为人们做出贡献的优秀事迹。【36题详解】考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时，主语为he，谓语动词应用was。故填was picked。【37题详解】考查固定短语。句意：数百万人不得不呆在家里以避免感染。结合句意表示“数百万”短语为millions of，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Millions。【3
76、8题详解】考查冠词。句意：结果，快递订单大幅增加，给快递司机带来了巨大的负担。结合句意表示“结果”短语为as a result。故填a。【39题详解】考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词increased应用副词greatly。故填greatly。【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：高出生在一个贫穷的家庭，16岁就开始在北京谋生。结合句意表示“出生于”短语为be born in。故填born。【41题详解】考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表示“在岁”短语为at the age of。故填at。【42题详解】考查动词时态。结合上文then picked up orders可知此处应用一般过去时。故填thoug
77、ht。43题详解】考查介词。句意：由于人与人之间传播的危险性，高在北京周边的路线中，必须采取避免病毒传播的措施，包括每天早上定期进行健康检测。后跟动名词短语taking a regular health test every morning作宾语，表示“包括在内”应用介词including。故填including。【44题详解】考查代词。句意：除了送货，高还为一位独自生活的老太太做饭。结合句意表示“独自地”短语为by oneself，此处指代an elderly lady，应用反身代词herself。故填herself。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们永远不会忘记像高这样的普通人在抗击新
78、冠病毒中做出的巨大努力。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人故应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。customs origins unlike adults up to nowbehave weight wherever famous came acrossclimate therefore freedom wealthy brought up46. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our_and for
79、get our work for a little while.47. Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmerand Yong Hui put on more_.48. Mark Twain was born in Florida on November 30th,1835, and he was _in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.49. Water had also appeared on ot
80、her planets like Mars but _the earth, it had disappeared later.50. Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the biggest and most_city in Canada.51. Jane Goodall has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they_like humans.52. Indeed, he believes that a perso
81、n with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles, and he_gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.53. As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”, and_nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.54. T
82、hey shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when_meet people they know.55. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing_there is a Disneyland.【答案】46. customs 47. weight 48. famous 49. unlike 50. wealthy 51. behave 52. therefore 53. u
83、p to now 54. adults 55. wherever【解析】【46题详解】考查名词。句意：节日让我们享受生活，为我们的习俗感到自豪，暂时忘记我们的工作。结合上文festivals可知是为“习俗”感到自豪应填名词custom，且上文没有冠词，故应用复数。故填customs。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：他们均衡的饮食非常成功，不久之后王鹏变得更瘦了，永慧也长胖了。结合句意表示“长胖，体重增加”短语为put on weight。故填weight。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：Mark Twain于1835年11月30日出生在佛罗里达，他在密西西比河沿岸的密苏里州的Hannibal很出
84、名。结合句意表示“在很出名”短语为be famous in，应填形容词famous作表语。故填famous。49题详解】考查介词。句意：水也曾出现在像火星这样的其他行星上，但不像地球，水后来消失了。结合句意表示“不像，和不同”应用介词unlike。故填unlike。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：中午时分，他们到达了多伦多。加拿大最大最富裕的城市。结合上文the biggest and most可知应填形容词作定语修饰名词city，结合句意表示“富裕的”应用形容词wealthy。故填wealthy。【51题详解】考查动词。句意：Jane Goodall多年来一直在研究这些黑猩猩家族，帮助人们了
85、解它们的行为有多像人类。从句缺少谓语动词，且结合句意表示“行为”应用动词behave，且此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为they，故谓语动词应用原形。故填behave。【52题详解】考查副词。句意：的确，他认为一个人有太多的钱麻烦会更多，而不是更少，因此他拿出数百万元来帮助其他人进行农业研究。结合上下文语境可知对某事物进行推论，或结果，表示“因此”应用副词therefore。故填therefore。【53题详解】考查固定短语。句意：正如Victor Hugo曾经说过的，“笑是太阳，把冬天从人的脸上赶走”，到目前为止，没有人能比Charlie Chaplin做得更好。结合句意表示“到目前为
86、止”短语为up to now。故填up to now。【54题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们握手，然后在对方的脸颊上亲了两下，因为这是法国成年人见到熟人时的习惯。从句中缺少主语，且结合句意表示“成年人”应用名词adult，且前文没有冠词，故应用复数。故填adults。【55题详解】考查连接词。句意：有了这些景点，难怪无论哪里有迪斯尼乐园，哪里的旅游业就会增加。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论哪里”应用wherever。故填wherever。短文改错56.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加
87、、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Environmental pollution does great harm to us. Tens of thousands of people die of disease caused by pollution. The area of desert in the world is growing and the weather is gett
88、ing worst because the forest damage. The waste gas and liquid from factories have polluted air or rivers. Everyone is eager to get fresh air, pleasant weather and safe drunk water.Luckily more and more people have realized what serious the problem is and they were trying their best to take measures
89、to protect the environment. Therefore, we still need to encourage more and more people to join us in protecting their environment. Lets keep in the mind that protecting the environment is saving ourselves!【答案】1.diseasediseases2.worstworse3.because后添加of4.orand5.drunkdrinking6.whathow7.wereare8.Theref
90、oreHowever9.theirour10.去掉the【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了环境污染对我们危害很大。成千上万的人死于污染引起的疾病。幸运的是，越来越多的人已经意识到问题的严重性，他们正在尽力采取措施来保护环境。但是我们仍然需要鼓励越来越多的人加入我们保护我们的环境。让我们牢记保护环境就是拯救我们自己！【详解】1.考查名词的数。disease为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故disease改为diseases。2.考查比较级。句意：世界上的沙漠面积在增长，天气变得更糟糕的原因是森林的破坏。结合句意，表示“更糟糕的”，应用形容词比较级worse。故worst改为
91、worse。3.考查介词。后文the forest damage为名词短语，应用短语because of，because引导原因状语从句，后跟从句。故because后添加of。4.考查连词。句意：工厂排出的废气和液体污染了空气和河流。结合语境，可知前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故or改为and。5.考查固定短语。句意：每个人都渴望得到新鲜的空气，宜人的天气和安全的饮用水。结合句意，表示“饮用水”，短语为drinking water。故drunk改为drinking。6.考查感叹句。句意：幸运的是，越来越多的人已经意识到问题有多么严重，他们正在尽力采取措施来保护环境。此处为宾语从句，宾语从句
92、是一个感叹句。what和how都可以引导感叹句，what后接名词，how后接形容词，这里serious是形容词，用how引导 。故what改为how。7.考查动词时态。此处表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，故were改为are。8.考查副词。句意：然而，我们仍然需要鼓励越来越多的人加入我们保护环境的行列。结合上下文语境，可知为转折关系，应用however。故Therefore改为However。9.考查代词。句意同上。结合句意，表示“我们的环境”，应用代词our。故their改为our。10.考查固定用法。句意：让我们牢记保护环境就是拯救我们自己！结合句意，表示“牢记”，短语为kee
93、p in mind，中间不需要冠词。故去掉the。书面表达57.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom 来信说他负责学校的校服栏目People of Great Achievement系列报道并希望你推荐一位中国现代女性名人，请你给Tom 回信推荐宋庆龄女士，内容包括:1. 宋庆龄（1893-1981）人物简介和主要事迹2. 你的个人评价注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear tom, I am glad to receive your last letter. I would like to recommend Song qing-ling. Song
94、qing-ling, the mother of our country, born in Shanghai on January 27, 1893. When she was a child, her family moved abroad, so she got more scientific knowledge and more open-minded. When they moved back to China, she followed the great revolutionary forerunner Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Under his influence, s
95、he was committed to the cause of democratic revolution, socialism, and world peace and human progress. She used her spirit to make everyone esteem her. And she just did what she wanted and what she could to help her people.Song qing-ling is such a lady, she didnt care for herself but always thought
96、for others, not only a little, but all in the country.I hope the information above will do you a favor. Looking forward to your reply.yours,Lihua【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本篇要求考生给朋友Tom写信介绍宋庆龄。【详解】体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般过去时为主结构：总分总 要求：1. 宋庆龄（1893-1981）人物简介和主要事迹2. 你的个人评价第二步：列提纲（重点词组）be glad to do sth./ recommend/ b
97、e committed to/ do what sb. can to do sth./ look forward to/ be born/ move to/ esteem第三步：连词成句1. I am glad to receive your last letter. 2. I would like to recommend Song qing-ling. 3. Song qing-ling, the mother of our country, born in Shanghai on January 27, 1893. 4. When she was a child, her family
98、moved abroad, so she got more scientific knowledge and more open-minded. 5. When they moved back to China, she followed the great revolutionary forerunner Dr. Sun Yat-sen. 6.Under his influence, she was committed to the cause of democratic revolution, socialism, and world peace and human progress. 7
99、 She used her spirit to make everyone esteem her. 8. And she just did what she wanted and what she could to help her people.9. Song qing-ling is such a lady, she didnt care for herself but always thought for others, not only a little, but all in the country.10. I hope the information above will do y
100、ou a favor. 11. Looking forward to your reply.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：And she just did what she wanted and what she could to help her people.中what引导宾语从句。
