1、1complete v. 完成completion n完成，结束2prevent v阻挡，防止prevention n. 预防，防范3harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐harmonious adj. 融洽的，和谐的4agriculture n. 农业agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的5design v. 设计designer n设计者，设计师6harm v. 伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的sheet n床单，被单； 一张(通常指标准尺寸的纸)；一大片(覆盖物) The road was covered with a sheet of i
2、ce.一大片Have you changed the sheets? 床单Please hand me a blank sheet of paper，will you？一张Words And Phrases知识要点1prevent vt.防止；阻止(教材原句P63)The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.平坦的梯田可以收集雨水，防止土壤被冲走。例1 The accident could have been prevented.这次事故本来是可以防止的。例2Bad weat
3、her prevented me from starting.恶劣的天气使我不能动身。翻译昨天晚上是什么事使你不能和我们在一起？What prevented you (from) joining us last night?知识拓展(1)prevent.(from)doing sth.阻止做某事(2)与“prevent.(from)doing sth.”意义相近的短语还有：stop.(from) doing sth.keep.from doing sth.(3)以上短语用于主动语态时，“prevent.from doing sth.”与“stop.from doing sth.”中的from可
4、省略，而“keep.from doing sth.”中的from不能省略。“keep.doing”意为“让一直做某事”。所以用于被动语态时，这三个短语中的from都不能省略。即学即练单句语法填空Social phobia(社交恐惧症)prevents people making(make) the normal，everyday mistakes that may help them improve their skills even further.Social attention should be paid to preventing ourearthfrom being pollute
5、d (pollute)Actually，there are grammatical mistakes made by students that keep them from writing good compositions.知识要点2in harmony with与和谐相处(教材原句P63)But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和
6、谐相处的方式建造了这些梯田来种植水稻。例1We are aware that we should live in harmony with nature.我们意识到我们应该和自然和谐相处。例2In this peaceful land，people live in perfect harmony with nature，far away from the noise and worry of the outside world.在这片宁静的土地上，人们和大自然和谐相处，远离外界的喧闹和烦恼。翻译这两个企业必须和衷共济。Here are two industries that must be i
7、n harmony with one another.知识拓展(1)sense of harmony和谐感out of harmony with 与不和谐(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的即学即练单句语法填空Devoted to keeping a lasting peace，we must live in harmony with one another.The piano was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments.We are trying to form a harmonious (harmony) society
8、to meet peoples needs.小片段填空Peoples life here is full of harmony and at the same time，human and nature make a harmonious picture.(harmony)知识要点3design vt.设计，构思；计划；意欲n.设计；设计方案；装饰图案；打算(教材原句P63)The terraces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连接。例1
9、Our school invited two engineers to design a language lab for us.我们学校邀请了两位工程师为我们设计了一个语言实验室。例2A project about protecting the natural resources is being designed.正在设计一个保护自然资源的项目。翻译这两个城市之间的一条新公路正在设计中。A new highway between the two cities is being designed at present.知识拓展(1)designs sth.for sb./sth.为某人/某物
10、设计某物be designed for. 为而设计be designed to do. 意欲做，目的是(2)by design 故意地(3)designer n. 设计者；构思者即学即练单句语法填空The programme is designed to help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time.Many public places have toilets which are designed for the disabled.We shall never know whether this happened b
11、y accident or by design.小片段填空I like the design of the suit，which was designed by a famous designer.She graduated from a school of fashion design and the school is designed to attract talented people who are interested in fashion.(design)知识要点4harm vt.& nU伤害，损害(教材原句P63)These terraces also provide a pe
12、rfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以损害水稻的昆虫为食。例1Smoking a lot of cigarettes can harm ones health and even may kill people over a long period of time.长期大量吸烟会危害身体健康，甚至可能导致死亡。例2What he did did harm to his image.他的所
13、作所为的确损害了他的形象。翻译他说几种因素凑在一起，伤害了他们的友谊。He said that several factors had combined to harm their friendship.知识拓展(1)do sb./sth.harmdo harm to sb./sth.There is no harm in doing sth做某事无害(2)harmful adj. 有害的be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害(3)harmless adj. 无害的即学即练单句语法填空According to the study，using cell phones to
14、o often does harm to your health.Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful (harm) to people and animals.There is no harm in saying (say) sorry to her first.Sentence Patterns重点句式1无生命名词see宾语(宾语补足语)(教材原句P62)Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠句式分析：
15、句中无生命的名词summer作主语，see在此处意为“见证；目睹”是一种拟人的用法。例1Dusk saw the little boy wandering in the street.黄昏时，这个小男孩在街上闲逛。例2The city has seen many changes.这座城市经历了很多变化。造句这棵古树见证了人们生活水平的提高。The old tree has seen the improvement of peoples living standard.知识拓展无生命名词作主语see，find，witness等词前用表示时间、地点或其他无生命的名词作主语，用来增添语言色彩，意为“
16、(在某段时期或某地)发生(某情况)，经历或经受了某事”。翻译20世纪60 年代，钱钟书的著作围城第一次有了英译本。The 1960s witnessed the first translation into English of the famous work Fortress Besieged written by Qian Zhongshu.黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。The dusk found a little girl crying in the street.即学即练单句语法填空The twentieth century witnessed (witness)two world w
17、ars.The old temple has seen (see) great changes of the village in the past two hundred years.重点句式2what引导主语从句(教材原句P63)But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.但也许最重要的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式创造了这些梯田来种植水稻。句式分析：句中what引导
18、主语从句，并在从句中作主语。例1What was most important to her，she told me，was her family.她告诉我，对她来说最重要的是她的家人。例2What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed aroundtheworld trip.让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的旅行。造句他说的话已被录音。What he said has been recorded.知识拓展从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数，但what引导的主语从句意义上表示复数或what从句有两个(以上)动词，是
19、表示复数意义的并列结构时，谓语动词也用复数。翻译我说什么想什么都与你无关。What I say and think are none of your business.这所学校最需要的是书。What the school needs most are books.即学即练单句语法填空What surprises me most is that he is too proud.What he needs most is (be)money.教材高考1.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being was
20、hed away.(2019北京卷)We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.2.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make t
21、hese terraces and grow rice.(2015福建卷)Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.3.The terraces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.(2019全国卷) HUNCH is designed to connect high school c
22、lassrooms with NASA engineers.4.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.(2019全国卷) While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.5.But perhaps what is most significant is the
23、 way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.(2017 天津卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than where they go.单句语法填空1Repair work is scheduled for completion(complete) in April.2Spending too much time on the Internet is harmful(harm) t
24、o your health.3However，this reality also worried my designer (design)4I hope you all understand the significance (significant) of this contract.5The artist pay more attention to a harmonious (harmony) combination of colours.6Though what you are doing is (be) very difficult，it is of great importance.
25、7She wrapped(wrap) the small red flag around her hair and smiled happily to me.8As we all know，it is water and sunlight that develop the crops.9Cycling is actually a good kind of exercise and therefore I go cycling with my friends every Sunday.10TV shopping is attractive(attract) because you can buy
26、 things easily without going out.短语填空thousands of，in harmony with，turn.into.，pass down，wash away，be home to，feed on，as far as，once again，prevent.from 1We are taking steps to prevent air from being polluted.2What is known to us all is that Australia is home to the Kangaroo.3Sun Wukong can turn himsel
27、f into different animals and subjects.4Ill call him once again，but then we have to leave.5They come out only at night and feed on some insects.6These traditions have been passed down from one generation to the next.7Our mission is to find ways for people to live in harmony with nature.8Floods washed
28、 much of the topsoil away.9I dont know why they walked as far as the river last night.10Every year thousands of lives are lost in road accidents because of careless driving.课文语法填空The Longji Rice Terraces 1.were built (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao People，to whom Guangxi is home.2.Starting(start
29、) in the Yuan Dynasty，works on the terraces took hundreds of years，until 3.its (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4.in which people grow rice.Besides，they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5.being washed(wash)away.But perhaps 6.what is most si
30、gnificant is the way in which people 7.have worked (work) in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8.crops(crop)，new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of 9.visitors (visit) who come to admire this great wonder created by people 10.and nature working together.
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