1、Unit 4 Making the news基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.journalist n. 记者；新闻工作者2.submit vt. 递交；呈递(文件等)3.update vt. 更新；使现代化4.sceptical adj. 怀疑的5.dilemma n. (进退两难的)困境；窘境6.department n. 部门；部；处；系7.senior adj. 年长的；高年级的；高级的.汉译英1.editor n. 编辑2.colleague n. 同事3.amateur n. 业余爱好者4.assess vt. 评估；评定5.deadline n. 最后期限6.accuse vt.
2、指责；谴责；控告7.section n. 部分；节8.polish vt. 擦亮；磨光；润色高频应用1.unusual adj. 不同寻常的；独特的2.eager adj. 渴望的；热切的3.meanwhile adv. 其间；同时 4.case n. 情况；病例；案例5.publish vt. 出版；发行；发表；公布6.technical adj. 技术上的；技巧方面的 7.gifted adj. 有天赋的8.chief adj. 主要的；首席的n. 首领；长官拓展变形1.photograph (n.) 照片 (vt.) 给照相photographer (n.) 摄影师2.delighted
3、 (adj.) 快乐的；欣喜的delight (n.) 快乐，高兴，喜悦 (vt.) 使高兴；使欣喜3.admirable (adj.) 值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的admire (vt.) 钦佩；羡慕4.assist (vt.) 帮助；协助；援助assistance (n.) 帮助；协助assistant (n.) 助手；助理；售货员5.profession (n.) 职业；专业professional (adj.) 专业的；职业的 (n.) 专业人员professor (n.) 教授；(大学)教师6.concentrate (vi.& vt.) 集中；聚集concentrated (adj.)
4、浓缩的；全神贯注的concentration (n.) 集中；专心7.acquire (vt.) 获得；得到；学到acquired (adj.) 已获得的；习得的acquirable (adj.) 可得到的；可获得的8.inform (vt.) 告知；通知information (n.) 消息9.deliberately (adv.) 故意地；有意地deliberate (adj.) 故意的；从容不迫的10.guilty (adj.) 犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的guilt (n.) 罪行；内疚11.demand (n.) 需求；要求 (vt.) 强烈要求demanding (adj.) 苛求的；要
5、求高的12.thorough (adj.) 彻底的；详尽的thoroughly (adv.) 彻底地；详细地13.crime (n.) 罪行；犯罪criminal (adj.) 犯罪的；刑事的 (n.) 罪犯14.edition (n.) 版(本)；版次edit (v.) 编辑；校订editor (n.) 编辑15.accurate (adj.) 精确的；正确的accurately (adv.) 正确地；精密地accuracy (n.) 精确；准确16.approve (vt.) 批准；赞成；认可disapprove (反义词) (v.) 不批准；不赞成approval (n.) 赞成；批准；
6、认可17.process (n.) 过程；程序；步骤 (vt.) 加工；处理procession (n.) 行列；队伍18.appointment (n.) 约会；任命appoint (vt.) 约定；任命1.新闻媒体相关词汇一览journalist n. 记者；新闻工作者reporter n. 记者editor n. 编辑chief editor n. 主编photographer n. 摄影师daily n. 日报weekly n. 周刊mass media 大众传播媒介2.后缀able形容词集锦admirable 令人钦佩的comfortable 舒适的unbelievable 难以置信
7、的honorable 荣誉的；光荣的reasonable 合情合理的respectable 可敬的valuable 值钱的；贵重的suitable 合适的3.“赞成”与“反对”高频词汇荟萃(1)赞成；支持approve vt. 批准；赞成favour vt.& n. 赞成support vt. 支持；赞成(2)反对oppose vt. 反对object vi. 反对against prep. 反对一 动词介/副词1.concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于2.inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事3.keep sth. in mind 记住某事4.depend on/upon
8、 依靠；依赖5.accuse . of 因指责或控告6.set to work 开始工作二 其他7.ahead of 在前面8.so as to (do sth.) 为了(做)9.make an appointment 约会，预约“v.sb.ofsth.”结构大集合inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病/纠正某人的坏习惯remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物convince sb. o
9、f sth. 使某人相信某事accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物_1.否定词置于句首的倒装结构Never_will (永远不) Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.(教材P26)2.be to do结构His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was_to_strongly_influence (必将产生重要影响) his life as a j
10、ournalist.(教材P26)3.not only . but (also) . 连接的并列句Not_only_am_I_interested_in (我不仅对感兴趣) photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.(教材P26)4.抽象地点名词定语从句Have you ever had a_case_where (这一种情况) someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？(教材P26)单
11、句语法填空1.Were _ (delight) youre coming to work with us.答案：delighted2.Youll have a _ (profession) photographer with you to take photographs.答案：professional3.Only if you ask many different questions _ you acquire all the information you need to know.答案：will4.You have to prepare the next question dependi
12、ng on _ the person says.答案：what5.But how can I listen carefully while _ (take) notes？答案：taking6.A footballer was accused _ taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win.答案：of7.He denied _ (take) money but we were sceptical.答案：taking8._ he realized the man had been l
13、ying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly.答案：Although9.He checked the evidence, read the article and _ (pass) it on to the copyeditor.答案：passed10.Zhou Yang waited _ (excited) for the first copies to be ready.答案：excitedly考点步步冲关1 assistvt. & vi. 帮助；协助；援助Youll find your colleagues very eager
14、 to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.(P26)你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。(1)assist sb. with/in sth. 在某事上帮助某人assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)assistant n. 助手，助理assistance n. 帮助；援助with the assistance of . 在的帮助下即时练1单句语法填空Professor Wang is
15、 working with his two new _ (assist) in the laboratory at the moment.Thanks to his _ (assist), we got out of the dark cave safely.Both of them have been working for Professor Adams _ (assist) him with his class work and research.The surgery was carried out by the British team, _ (assist) by doctors
16、and nurses from the Shifa Clinic.Since 1976 he has been operating the shop _ the assistance of volunteers.答案：assistantsassistanceassistingassistedwith2 informvt. 通知；告知They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.(P26)他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。(1)inform sb. of/about sth.
17、 通知/告诉某人某事inform sb. that/when/how . 通知某人keep sb. informed of . 使某人随时了解(2)information n. 消息；信息(3)informed adj. 有学问的；有见识的名师点津inform后不能直接带双宾语，而是借助于介词of/about，构成inform sb. of/about sth. 结构。即时练2单句语法填空The Internet allows us to educate ourselves and make more _ (inform) choices and decisions without leavi
18、ng our homes.The newspapers keep us _ (inform) of what is going on around us at any time.The family breathed a sigh of relief when they _ (inform) that the father was only slightly injured in the accident.We live in a world where there is more and more _ (inform), and less and less meaning.答案：inform
19、edinformedwere informedinformation一句多译直到他通知我要开会了，我才意识到我还没有准备好我的提议。I wasnt aware that I had not been prepared for my proposal _. (until)_ was I aware that I had not been prepared for my proposal. (until倒装)答案：until he informed me of the meetingNot until he informed me of the meeting3 demandn. 要求；需求vt.
20、 强烈要求It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.(P26)这是一个两难问题，因为如果我们错了，那个足球队员就可以要求补偿损失。(1)demand sth. 要求某物demand to do . 要求做demand doing/to be done 需要被做demand that . (should) do . 要求(从句用虚拟语气，should可省略)(2)in great demand 需求量很大meet/satisfy ones demands 满足某人的需求
21、名师点津demand不能用于demand sb. to do sth. 结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb.sth. 结构，要用demand sth.of sb. 结构。即时练3单句语法填空They think learning English well is one of the _ (demand) of modern society and will do good to our future career.My demand is that the information referred to in my report _ (email) to Mr Brown with
22、out delay.My car demands/needs/requires _ (repair), so I have to go to work by bus.答案：demands(should) be emailedrepairing/to be repaired单句写作经理要求工人加班，以提前完成任务。The manager _ extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.答案：demanded that the workers (should) work1concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于教材原句Youll find y
23、our colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.(P26)你将发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你。如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。(1)concentrate on (doing) sth. 专心(做)某事concentrate ones attention/efforts/energy/mind on sth. 集中注意力/力量/精力/思想于某事(2)concentration n. 集中；专心(3)其
24、他表示“专心于；集中于”的短语focus/fix . on . 集中于put ones heart into . 专心于；一心一意去be absorbed in . 专心于apply oneself/ones mind to . 专心于pay attention to . 专心于；注意put ones mind to . 专心于名师点津以上短语中in, to, on, into都是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。即时练1单句语法填空_ (concentrate) on your study, and you will make greater progress.She worked late i
25、nto the night, _ (concentrate) on her speech for the conference.答案：Concentrateconcentrating一句多译他骑车上学时，只顾着看路边的商店，结果把一个老人撞倒了。_ the shops along the roadside, he knocked an old man down while riding to school. (with复合结构作状语)_ the shops along the roadside, he knocked an old man down while riding to school
26、. (现在分词作状语)答案：With all his attention concentrated onConcentrating all his attention on2depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于教材原句Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.(P26)同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。(1)depend on sb. for sth. 靠某人供给某物depend on sb. doing sth./depend on sb. to do
27、 sth. 依靠某人做某事depend on/upon it that . 指望/相信(2)That depends. /It all depends. 视情况而定。(3)independent adj. 独立的；自主的(4)independence n. 独立即时练2单句语法填空You may depend on _ that all the goods will be shipped abroad on time.We should show concern for Mr Smith, an eightyyearold man near our home, because now he h
28、as nobody _ (depend) on.The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, _ (depend) on your different answers.答案：itto dependdepending3accuse . of . 因指责或控告教材原句Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？(P26)你有没有遇到过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道
29、完全失实？(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事(2)charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事(3)blame sb. for (doing) sth. 责备某人(做)某事即时练3单句语法填空He has been charged _ trying to blow up the airliner as it was coming in to land.The secretary had to resign after she was accused _ giving away the secret of the com
30、pany.As it is just a coincidence, no one should be to blame _ it.The shop assistant was dismissed as she _ (accuse) of cheating customers.The _ (accuse) man proved his innocence by proving that he was abroad when the murder was committed.答案：withofforwas accusedaccused1Never_will_Zhou_Yang_(ZY)_forge
31、t his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.(P26)翻译周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英语报纸的第一项工作任务。(1)否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装结构。(2)常用否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语还有：not, little, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor, at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。即时练1单句写作我永远不会忘记发生在我的童年里的那个意外
32、事件，它给我留下了很深的印象。_ the accident that happened in my own childhood, which left a deep impression on me.我记不住这些生词，也不能流利地讲英语。I couldnt memorize the new words, _ English fluently.第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。_ the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.我们决不能放弃梦想，只有我们坚持
33、自己的梦想，才能够克服各种挑战。On no condition _； only if we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.答案：Never will I forgetnor could I speakHardly/Scarcely had we leftcan we give up our dreams2His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was_to strongly influence his life as a
34、 journalist.(P26)翻译他与新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重要影响。“be to动词原形”的常见用法：(1)表示按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。(2)语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to, 表示命令、吩咐或禁止的语气。(3)表示不可避免将要发生或以后注定要发生的事情。意为“注定/一定会”。(4)用于条件从句，意为“如果想；设想”(接近于if . want to/if . should)。名师点津(1)如果表示未曾实现的打算或计划，要用was/were to have done形式。(2)be about to do . 表示即将
35、发生的动作，该结构不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用，常用于be about to do sth. when . 结构中。(3)be going to do . 多用于口语，强调事先打算、计划要做某事或根据某种迹象要发生某事。即时练2单句写作他们约定明天上午10点一起去看这位老师。They _ to the teacher together at 10 am tomorrow.你们必须在今天下午五点以前完成这项任务。You _ the work before five this afternoon.他的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。His theory _ the views on t
36、he universe.如果你想成功的话，你必须更认真地对待整个项目。You must take the whole project more seriously if you _.我想知道这次事故是哪个司机的责任。I wonder which driver _ for the accident.答案：are to pay a visitare to finishwas to changeare to succeedis to blame倒装完全倒装1完全倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语前，其中主语必须是名词，若为代词则不倒装。这种结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。2完全倒装的结构(1)在he
37、re, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, off, away等表示时间和运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调时，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come, go, be, lie, run, rush等。Away went the boy.这个男孩离开了。(2)表示地点的介词短语置于句首时。Under the table sleeps a white cat.A white cat sleeps under the table.一只白猫睡在桌子下。(3)某些表语置于句首时。a表语为介词短语Inside the parcel was a note.包裹里有
38、张便条。b表语为形容词Present at the meeting were many guests.出席会议的客人很多。重点提示上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主语、谓语不需要倒装。部分倒装1部分倒装是把be/助动词/情态动词提到主语的前面，即助动词/情态动词/系动词主语谓语动词。2部分倒装的几种情形(1)“only副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，要进行部分倒装，即“only状语”置于句首时要部分倒装，但“only主语”不倒装。Only then did she realize how much damage had been caused.到那时她才意识到已经造成了多么大的伤害。(
39、2)否定词位于句首时要部分倒装，高考常考的词汇有：never, not, seldom, hardly, nowhere, little, by no means, at no time等。Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means is the teacher satisfied with my progress.我已经非常努力地提高我的英语水平，但老师一点也不满意我的进步。(3)not until引导的从句位于句首引起的主句部分倒装。The mother didnt leave the room until the
40、child fell asleep.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.直到孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间。(4)as/though引导的让步状语从句部分倒装，构成为：名词/形容词/副词/动词/分词as/though主语其他。Though it might sound strange, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.Strange though it might sound, his idea was accepted by all
41、 the people at the meeting.尽管他的主意可能听起来奇怪，但会议上所有人都接受了。重点提示从句的表语是名词时，被倒装的名词前不加冠词。Child as he is, he has to make a living.尽管他是一个孩子，但他不得不谋生。(5)so, nor, neither开头的句子要部分倒装。前一分句是肯定句，后一分句用so引导，意为“某人/某事也”；前一分句是否定句，后一分句用neither/nor引导，意为“某人/某事也不”；倒装句中的谓语应与前面的谓语时态保持一致。He has been to Beijing. So have I.他已经去过北京了，
42、我也如此。Tom enjoys music. So do I.汤姆喜欢音乐，我也如此。(我也喜欢音乐)Tom enjoys music. So he does.汤姆喜欢音乐，他确实如此。(他确实喜欢音乐)(6)表示“一就”句型需部分倒装的几种情形。 (过去完成时)(一般过去时)No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.她一出去，电话就响了。(7)not only . but also, so . that, such . that引起的倒装情形中，通常遵循“前倒后不倒”的原则。Not only is he interested in
43、football but he also plays well.他不但对足球感兴趣，而且踢得很好。(8)在省略if的虚拟条件句中，且从句中有were/should/had时需部分倒装，只需将were/should/had提至句首即可。If he had followed my advice, he would have succeeded.Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.如果他听了我的建议，他就成功了。即时练.单句语法填空1_ in this way will you know how to arrange your tim
44、e and to spend your time properly.答案：Only2It rained heavily overnight and not until this morning _ it stop.答案：did3On the river bank _ (stand) a house where he once lived.答案：stands4So clearly _ he speak English that he can always make himself understood.答案：does5Seldom _ I seen a situation that made t
45、he teacher so angry.答案：have.单句改错1Only when did he put his heart into his study did he realize his shortcomings._答案：去掉第一个did2In no sense I agree with this suggestion._答案：I前加do3You say he works hard. So does he, and so do you._答案：does hehe does4In front of our school a newlybuilt playground on which w
46、e often play basketball._答案：school后加is5Has he studied hard, he would have passed the exam._答案：HasHad基础达标演练.单句语法填空1He is a _ (gift) man and promises to be a famous musician.答案：gifted2Not until one of his works _ (publish) was he able to gain his confidence in writing.答案：was published3Generally speaki
47、ng, a political leader should have a good nose _ current affairs.答案：for4He looks younger than his friend; in fact, he is three years senior _ his friend.答案：to5Our software, unless _ (update) on a regular basis, may not serve us well in our work.答案：updated6In our daily life, we sometimes come across
48、a number of cases _ people suffer from heart attacks.答案：where7The manager was quite _ (delight) that all the products had been sold out.答案：delighted8Over the past ten years, our country has made _ (admire) achievements in space exploration.答案：admirable9As you know, _ (acquire) a good knowledge of Ch
49、inese, you should learn more about Chinese culture and history.答案：to acquire10I still feel _ (guilt) about the things I said to my father when I was a teenager.答案：guilty.单句改错1All of you supposed to finish your homework before you go out to play football._答案：supposed前加are2Today, well discuss a number
50、 of cases where beginners of English are likely to meet with._答案：wherethat/which3Although he has been studying abroad, his parents try to keep him inform of what has happened at home._答案：informinformed4He was driving home on the highway last night when he was stopped by a policeman, who accused him
51、for speeding._答案：forof5My parents dont approve me making friends with him._答案：approve后加of.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1上个月，我作为业余记者的第一项任务是采访一位著名的摄影师。(interview)_答案：Last month, my first assignment as an amateur journalist was to interview a famous photographer.2据我所知他非常专业，拍了很多令人赞赏的照片。(professional)_答案：As far as Im c
52、oncerned, he was professional and had taken many admirable photographs.3采访中，为了获得全部信息，我问了许多不同的问题。(in order to)_答案：During the interview, I asked many different questions in order to acquire all the information.4我不仅专注地听事实细节，还根据他的回答准备下一个问题。(concentrate on; depend on)_答案：Not only did I concentrate on lis
53、tening to detailed facts, but I also prepared the next question depending on what he said.5为了让自己有更多的时间思考，我故意放慢进程。(slow down)_答案：I deliberately slowed down the process so as to let myself have more time to think.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Last month, my first assignment as an amateur journalist was t
54、o interview a famous photographer. As far as Im concerned, he was professional and had taken many admirable photographs. During the interview, I asked many different questions in order to acquire all the information. Not only did I concentrate on listening to detailed facts, but I also prepared the next question depending on what he said. I deliberately slowed down the process so as to let myself have more time to think.