1、专题四 形容词和副词 考点一 形容词和副词的类别及句法功能 1形容词可分为定语形容词和表语形容词，常见的表语形容词有：afraid，alone，awake，asleep，alive，alike，ashamed，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure 等。The boy is still asleep.小男孩仍然在睡觉。The old man was alone in the house.老人一个人待在房子里。2副词一般分为时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、关系、连接副词等。(1)时间副词。如：now，usually，often，always 等。(2)地点副词。如：here，th
2、ere，out，everywhere 等。(3)方式副词。如：hard，well，fast，slowly 等。(4)程度副词。如：very，much，still，almost 等。(5)疑问副词。如：how，when，why，where 等。(6)关系副词。如：when，where，why 等。(7)连接副词。如：whether，why，when，how 等。Mike was usually so careful，yet this time he made a small mistake.迈克通常很仔细，但这次他犯了个小错误。Jim went to answer the phone.Meanw
3、hile，Harry started to prepare lunch.吉姆去接电话。在这期间，哈里去准备午饭。When to start has not been decided.什么时候出发还没有决定。3冠词和形容词连用的句型。(1)the形容词原级，指一类人或物。the old/poor/rich/disabled(2)the形容词比较级，指两者中“较的”那一个。the younger of the two(3)a/an形容词比较级。The pen is expensive.I want a cheaper one.(4)amost形容词原级，表示最高级，意为“非常”。a most be
4、autiful city 1作表语时主语不能是指人的形容词。如：(in)convenient，difficult，necessary，pleasant 等。2以ly 结尾的形容词。如：friendly，lovely，lively，lonely，elderly 等。3仅作定语的形容词。如：little，many，live，only，elder 等。4意义有别的同根副词 close 接近地 closely 仔细地 hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不 late 晚；迟 lately 近来 wide 广阔地 widely 广泛地 high 高 highly 高度地 deep 深 deeply(抽象
5、意义的)深 考点二 倍数表达法 常见的倍数句型主要有：1A is倍数比较级thanB 2A is倍数as原级asB 3A is倍数the名词(size，length，height 等)ofB 4A is倍数thatofB 5A is倍数what 引导的名词性从句 Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks，but it cost twice as much as his.彼得的夹克衫看起来与杰克的一样，但是价钱却是他的两倍。Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person toda
6、y as they did in 1910.美国人现在每个人吃的蔬菜是 1910 年的两倍多。Smoking is harmful to peoples health，killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents.吸烟对人的健康有害，每年因抽烟而丧命的人是死于交通事故的 7 倍多。The output of cars in 2016 is four times greater than that of 2012.2016 年小轿车的产量是 2012 年的 4 倍。考点三 原级、比较级和最高级(一)基本用法 1两
7、者相比(甲乙)，用“as原级as”表示。For cheerleaders，their sport is just as serious as baseball or football.在同等比较级中，若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词，其语序为：asadj.an.as。I have never had as boring a day as today.2两者相比(甲乙)，用“not as/so原级as”表示。Unfortunately，my wife isnt so fond of them as I am.3两者相比(甲乙)，用“比较级than”表示，(甲乙)用“less原级than”表示。S
8、eeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library.4三个或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时，用“the最高级比较范围”表示。During the 1990s，Michael Jordan was probably the best known basketball player in the world.(二)特殊用法 1“比较级and比较级”和“more and more原级”表示“越来越”，其反义词组为“less and less原级”。In many ways my d
9、isability has made me grow more and more independent.2“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”。The more upset I got，the less I was able to concentrate.3“more原级than”表示“与其说不如说”。The girl was more frightened than hurt.4“more than主语can谓语”表示“非所能；不能”。The beauty of the city is more than I can describe.5形容词比较级前一般不用冠词，但如果出现表示
10、范围的短语时，就需要加定冠词。Of the two sisters，Mary is the cleverer.有时形容词最高级前不用 the，句中的 most 相当于 very，意为“非常；十分”。I am most happy to get your email.(三)比较级表示最高级 1在某个特定范围内，同类事物对比，可用以下比较级结构表示最高级含义：比较级thanany other单数名词the other复数名词anyone/anything elseany of the other复数名词 China is larger than any other country in Asia.
11、2never.a形容词比较级单数名词。I have never heard a better voice.以下形容词及其副词无比较级和最高级：relative，absolute，perfect，entire，senior，golden，afraid，unique，present，simply，right，wrong，sure，round，empty，wonderful 等。核心考点针对练.单句语法填空 1(2017江西红色七校一联)He sat down and started (gentle)talking to the dog.2(2017双流中学 3 月月考)Poor student b
12、ehaviour seems to be an (increase)widespread problem and I think that modern lifestyles are probably responsible for this.3(2017山东下学期综合测试)(similar)，when Ron Webster borrowed a book from the library of the University of Liverpool，he forgot to return it，too.4(2017泰安一模)A wise man came along and asked t
13、hem，“Oh，my dear friends，why are you crying？”“We were ten but now we are only nine，”they replied，and cried even (hard)5(2017凉山州二次诊断)And if he wants to live (comfort)，he has to work.6(2017汕头二模)My aunt advised that I needed to go to hospital，and the treatment she provided gave my parents (value)time to
14、 take me to the hospital.【导学号：92872181】7(2017江西师大附中、鹰潭一中 4 月联考)We will give 99%of our Facebook sharescurrently about$45 billionto advance this (value)mission.8(2017山东下学期综合测试)Ron had a (success)career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.9(2017青岛质检)As they couldnt play outdo
15、ors，they were (happy)，and some even got into fights from time to time.10(2017山西协作体二模)I had the (mean)mother in the world.【答案】1gently 2increasingly 3Similarly 4harder 5comfortably 6valuable 7valuable 8successful 9unhappy 10meanest .单句改错 1(2017龙岩 3 月质检)I could not stay calmly and shouted rudely at him
16、.2(2017中原名校联盟 4 月仿真)When I was a kid，my friend Liz became very sicker.3(2017黄冈 3 月质检)Although I was later for school today，I felt very proud of what I had done.4(2017湖北七市 3 月联考)I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it，but theres no need to feel too sadly.5(2017温州联考)To my greatly relief
17、，he brought text books with him and helped me with my lessons.6(2017山东实验中学一模)Anyway，Im great grateful to you for your kind invitation.7(2017南平 3 月质检)She treats him so good.8(2017焦作一模)It was extreme cold last Monday morning.【答案】1calmlycalm 2sickersick 3laterlate 4sadlysad 5greatlygreat 6greatgreatly
18、7goodwell 8extremeextremely 高考题型综合练.语法填空 Officials in Taiwan plan to change the admissions test to also examine imagination and the ability to innovate.The Education Department wants 1 (encourage)young Taiwanese to innovate.There is growing concern 2 younger people are afraid of the risk of starting
19、 a company or 3 (invent)something.However，the new admissions policy 4 (take)effect in 2018.It will include personal interviews with students who are interested.The Education Department wants high school graduates to show they distinguish themselves outside 5 class.Chang Wei chun is 6 thirdyear law s
20、tudent at Ming Chuan University in Taipei.The student said Taiwans educational reforms should be carried into 7 (high)education.The student said，“Many students will not risk doing inventive work because their university education remains 8 (tradition)”Taiwan is dependent 9 (large)on hightech exports
21、.The Swiss Business School，International Institute for Management Development(IMD)made a list of the most competitive 10 (country)and regions in 2014.Taiwan was number 13，but Singapore was number 3 and Hong Kong was number 4.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。台湾地区决定从 2018 年开始采用新的大学录取政策，该政策的实施有助于培养学生的创新意识。1to encourage
22、2that 3inventing 4will take 5of 6a 7higher 8traditional 9largely 10countries .短文改错 Earthquakes cannot be predicted and can occur at any times.Earthquakes are always changed.Twostory apartment buildings may be safe if they are good built.The best way endure an earthquake safely is to follow earthquak
23、e safety tips.When the earthquake happens，do not attempt to escape from the twostory building，even if you only had a short distance to go.Chances are that you will be injured.Immediately hide underneath a table and a desk and cover your eyes with your hands.If you are in bed，cover your head with a p
24、illow and stay in there.If a fire alarm sound，leave the building as soon as possibly.Take the nearest stairway to exit the building.【答案】Earthquakes cannot be predicted and can occur at any timestime.Earthquakes are always changedchanging.Twostory apartment buildings may be safe if they are goodwell
25、built.The best way to endure an earthquake safely is to follow earthquake safety tips.When thean earthquake happens，do not attempt to escape from the twostory building，even if you only hadhave a short distance to go.Chances are that you will be injured.Immediately hide underneath a table andor a desk and cover your eyes with your hands.If you are in bed，cover your head with a pillow and stay in there.If a fire alarm soundsounds，leave the building as soon as possiblypossible.Take the nearest stairway to exit the building.