1、被称为“最后的大陆”的南极洲还是世界上最后的净土吗？读读下面的文章你会有所感触的！Ship tourism to Antarctica is on the rise.More than 35，000 tourists are expected to visit Antarctica this summer.In 19921993，6，750 tourists visited Antarctica，according to the Antarctica Treaty.All of this tourism，however，is putting both tourists and the envi
2、ronment in great danger.Among the tourist ships that visit the continent，the Explorer，a Canadian ship，was one of the first.Put to use in 1969，it was built to carry tourists to Antarctica.Last week，however，it became the first commercial passenger ship to sink beneath the waters.Fortunately，all of the
3、 passengers and crew members were rescued from the ship.However，the sunken ship endangered the Antarctics fragile environment.The ship was estimated to be holding 48，000 gallons of fuel.As a natural frontier，Antarctica is in a messy legal situation.There are no obvious answers as to who is responsib
4、le for dealing with the threat that tourist may cause to human life and the environment.There is no coast guard for Antarctica.Do we want it to become Disneyland，or do we need some controls?阅读障碍词1commercialadj.商业的2sink v下沉；沉没3fragile adj.脆弱的4responsible adj.有责任的诱思导读根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)1Tourism to Antar
5、ctica is putting both tourists and the environment in great danger.(T)2The Explorer，a Canadian ship, was one of the first ships to carry tourists to Antarctica.(F)3As a natural frontier, Antarctica is in a messy legal situation.(T)Section Reading(Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary).匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
6、()1.explorerAv.促进，增进()2.annual Bn.探险者()3.balance Cv.储存，留存()4.extreme Dn.深度()5.trap Eadj.商业的()6.promote Fn.块，堆，团()7.state Gn.状态；状况()8.mass Hadj.每年的()mercial Iv.使平衡()10.depth Jadj.极端的，极度的答案15BHIJC610AGFED.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A踏上B平均C尤其D显眼E由组成F适应G接近H以的形式()1.Her red hair made her quite stand out in the crowd.()
7、2.The new students are very slow to adapt to the rules.()3.They work 10 hours a day on average.()4.No man has ever set foot on that rocky island.()5.What places do you want to see in particular?()6.There is a bus stop close to our school.()7.He made the suggestion in the form of a question.()8.Our c
8、lass is made up of six groups.答案15DFBAC68GHEAntarctica: the Last ContinentAntarctica is the coldest place on Earth.Its also the driest.With annual rainfall close to zero， Antarctica is technically a desert.Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole， it is the fifth largest con
9、tinent in the world.A high mountain range, the TransAntarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two.There are volcanoes too, but they are not very active.Antarctica holds 90% of the worlds ice, and most of its fresh water (70%) is in a frozen state, of course.98% of the surface
10、 is covered permanently in the ice cap.On average it is two kilometres thick, but in some places it reaches a depth of five kilometres.Strong winds driven by gravity(重力) blow from the pole to the coastline, while other winds blow round the coast.It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.南
11、极洲：最后(一块被发现)的大陆南极洲是地球上最冷的地方，同时也是最干燥的地方。南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说该区域就是一片荒漠。南极洲覆盖了南极圈周围约1 400万平方公里的面积，是世界第五大洲。一座高耸的山脉横穿南极洲，从东到西将南极洲分成两半。南极洲也有火山，但不活跃。世界上90%的冰都在南极洲，当然南极洲的大部分(70%)淡水也都处于一种冰冻状态。南极洲98%的地表永久地被冰覆盖。冰层平均厚度为2 000米，但某些地方厚度可达5 000米。受地球重力影响，会有暴风从极地吹向海岸，同时也有其他方向吹来的风。很难想象地球上还有比南极洲条件更为恶劣的地方了。助读讲解With annual r
12、ainfall close to zero为“with宾语形容词(短语)”构成的with复合结构，在此处作原因状语。Covering about .the South Pole为现在分词短语作状语。cutting the continent in two为现在分词短语作结果状语。driven by gravity为过去分词短语作后置定语。Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions.There are different types of penguins, flying bird
13、s, seals, and whales.But the long Antarctic winter night, which lasts for 182 days (the longest period of continuous darkness on earth), as well as the extreme cold and lack of rainfall, means that few types of plants can survive there.Only two types of flowering plants are found, whilethere are no
14、trees on the large continent.The rest of the plants are made up of mosses(苔藓), algae(藻类) and lichen(地衣)Some forms of algae have adapted(适应) to grow on ice.但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。这里有不同种类的企鹅、飞禽、海豹以及鲸鱼。但是南极洲冬天的夜晚长达182天(地球上持续时间最长的黑暗时期)，气候极度寒冷，降水量极少，这意味着很少有植物能够在那里生存。这里仅发现了两种开花类植物，而这片大陆上什么树都没有。其
15、他的植物也就是一些苔藓、藻类以及地衣。有些藻类已经适应了在冰上生长。助读讲解此处which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wildlife。此处while意为“而，然而”，作并列连词，表示对比。Most of the ice has been there for thousands of years.As a result, it has become a window on the past, and can give researchers lots of useful information.Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust
16、 trapped in the ice， can tell us a lot about what the worlds climate was like in past ages.Antarctic rocks are also very important for research.Most of them are meteorites(陨石) from outer space.One rock, known as the “Alien” rock， may contain evidence of extraterrestrial(地球外的) life.Since most Antarct
17、ic rocks are dark in colour， they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.南极洲大部分的冰已经有几千年历史了。因此，它已经变成人们了解过去的窗口，可为研究者提供大量有用的信息。这些以火山灰的形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的状况。南极洲的岩石对于研究来说也很重要。它们大部分是来自外太空的陨石。其中有一块叫作“外星”的岩石，或许能够证明地球以外生命的存在。南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也就
18、易于识别和搜集。助读讲解trapped in the ice为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于一个限制性定语从句。此处what引导的宾语从句作介词about的宾语。known as the “Alien” rock为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。此处since引导原因状语从句。Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered.But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in
19、the south which balanced the land in the north.They called it AntiArktikos, or Antarctica: the opposite of Arctic.When Europeans discovered the continent of America in the 15th century, the great age of exploration(勘查) began.However, progress to the South Pole was slow.Not until the late 18th centur
20、y did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.The race to the pole had begun.It was finally reached on 11th December, 1911 by the Norwegian Roal
21、d Amundsen.南极洲是最后一个被发现的大陆。但是两千多年以前，古希腊的地理学家就相信地球南边会有一大块陆地来与北边的陆地保持平衡。他们称之为AntiArktikos或者Antarctica，意为“与北极相反的”。在15世纪欧洲人发现了美洲以后，大探险时代也随之开始了。然而，到达南极洲的步伐却始终非常慢。直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。奔赴南极点的竞赛开始了。最终一名挪威人罗尔德阿蒙森于1911年12月11日到达南极。助读讲解to be discovered为动词不
22、定式作后置定语，修饰the last continent。此处that引导宾语从句，作believed的宾语；其中包含一个which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词land mass。called Carstens Borchgrevink为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Norwegian。Today scientists from many countries travel to Antarctica to study its resources.A spirit of international friendship has replaced the rivalry(竞争) that existe
23、d between many of the earlier explorers.In 1961, a treaty(条约) signed by 12 countries， including Britain, France, and the USA, made Antarctica the worlds biggest nature reserve.The aim of the treaty is to prevent the commercial(商业的) and military use of the continent.In particular, it aims to keep Ant
24、arctica free from nuclear(核的) tests and radioactive(放射性的) waste; to promote(促进) international scientific projects; and to end arguments about who owns the land.Today countries representing 80% of the worlds population have signed the treaty. Antarctica has become perhaps the most successful symbol o
25、f mans efforts to work together for progress and peace.当今，来自许多国家的科学家到南极洲去研究其资源。一种国际友谊已经代替了一些早期探险家之间的互相竞争。1961年，包括英国、法国和美国在内的12个国家签署了一份条约，使南极洲成为世界上最大的自然保护区。条约的目的在于防止那些将南极洲用于商业以及军事方面。该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且终止那些关于这片土地所有权的争论。今天代表世界人口80%的国家已经签署了这份条约。南极洲或许已经成为人类为了发展与和平而共同努力的最成功的标志。助读讲解此处t
26、hat引导定语从句，修饰先行词rivalry。signed by 12 countries为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰treaty。to prevent .为不定式短语作表语。此处三个并列的不定式短语to keep .，to promote .，to end .作aims的宾语。representing .为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰countries。第一步速读了解文章主题和段落大意速读P23教材课文，匹配段落大意1Para.1AThe Antarctica mainland.2Para.2 BThe Antarctic Treaty.3Para.3 CPlants and animal
27、s living on Antarctica.4Para.4 DThe discovery of Antarctica.5Para.5 EA great place for scientific study.答案15ACEDB第二步细读把控文章关键信息细读P23教材课文，选择最佳答案1How much of the surface is covered permanently in the ice cap?A90%.B70%.C98%.D80%.2How long does the long Antarctic winter night last?A12 centuries.B15 days.
28、C11 centuries. D182 days.3Why are the Antarctic rocks easy to see?ABecause they are white while the background is black.BBecause they are black while the background is white.CBecause they are useful while the background is useless.DBecause they are useless while the background is useful.4Who was the
29、 first to land on the Antarctic mainland?AJames Cook.BRoald Amundsen.CGreek geographers.DCarstens Borchgrevink.5What is the aim of the treaty signed in 1961?ATo prevent the commercial and military use of the continent.BTo prevent the research in the Antarctic.CTo keep the hunters from killing the pe
30、nguins.DTo avoid the war between the advanced countries.答案15CDBDA第三步研读能力升华接轨高考根据P23教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth 1.largest (large) continent in the world.The 2.conditions(condition) there are quite extreme with 3.nearly (near) no rainfall.98% of th
31、e surface is covered permanently by ice and strong winds 4.driven (drive) by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline.However, it is full of wildlife like the famous penguins, 5.which can adapt to its hard conditions.The ice there 6.has become (become) a window on the past with gases and minerals
32、 7.trapped(trap) in it.It was not until 1895 8.that the Norwegian explorer called Carstens Borchgrevink set foot 9.on the Antarctic mainland.In 1961, 12 countries signed a treaty to make it the worlds biggest nature reserve.Today scientists from all over the world go there 10.to study(study) its resources and to work together for progress and peace.