1、Part Grammar & WritingGrammar名词性从句：同位语从句一、概念在主从复合句中，跟在名词后进一步解释、说明该名词的具体内容，作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有：fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility, truth, decision, rule, evidence, conclusion, opinion等。二、基本用法1同位语从句的连接词及其功能Im not sure about the question whether he will c
2、ome.对于他来不来这个问题，我不太确定。They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。关键点拨在同位语从句中that, whether不作成分，that只起连接作用，无任何实际意义，不可省略。whether表示“是否”，if不能替换whether。2同位语从句的注意事项(1)分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。Word came that some wolves were caught around that vil
3、lage.有消息传来说在那个村子周围捕获了几只狼。(2)名词suggestion, order, demand, command, request, desire, proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should动词原形”，should可以省略。He made a suggestion that I (should) start right now.他提出建议我应该立刻动身。(3)在肯定句中，名词doubt后的同位语从句用whether引导；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt后的同位语从句用that引导。There is some doubt whether he wi
4、ll leave.对于他是否离开有些疑问。I have no doubt that he will be admitted into a key university.我坚信他会被一所重点大学录取。3同位语从句与定语从句的区别The fact that the Chinese people invented the compass is known to all.中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。(同位语从句，fact和从句没有逻辑关系，也不作成分)The fact that we talked about is very important.我们谈论的这个事实很重要。(定语从句，fact
5、是talked about的逻辑宾语).用适当的连接词填空1They asked her the question _ she was so late for the meeting.2There was a suggestion _ Brown should drop out of the team.3I have no idea _ the exact time he was born is.4The truth came out at last _ it was his friend that played tricks on him.5You have no idea _ excite
6、d I was at the news _ our team finally won the game.6The proposal _ we should send another satellite into space is to be discussed at the meeting.7The question _ we can get the money was discussed heatedly at the meeting.8Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.9I
7、 have no idea _ will take the place of Tom.10She made a request _ the doctor should be sent for at once.答案1.why2.that3.what4.that5.how; that6that7.where8.that9.who10.that.完成句子1John and his wife clashed on the question _.约翰和他的妻子在是否应再生一个孩子这个问题上意见有分歧。2Nowadays many people have the idea _.如今很多人认为钱就是一切。3
8、The news _ is not true.他告诉我的消息不是真的。4I have no idea _.我不知道这项工程何时完成。5They were delighted at the news _.当听到他们队获胜的消息时，他们欣喜若狂。6Where did you get the idea _？你从哪儿听说我不能来？7The problem _ has not been discussed.我们应该怎样帮助这些孩子的问题还没有讨论。8The fact _ surprised everybody.他什么也不说，这一事实使大家都感到惊奇。答案1.whether they should hav
9、e another child2that money is everything3that he told me4when the project will be finished5that their team had won6that I could not come7how we should help the children8that he hadnt said anything用适当的连接词填空1The possibility _ there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientist
10、s to explore the outer space.解析句意：宇宙中在其他星球上可能存在生命，这种可能性一直激励科学家们去探索外部空间。that引导同位语从句，说明the possibility的内容。答案that2The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.解析句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手，(因为)有太多的工作要做。本题考查同位语从句。“_ we should have an assistant”为同位语从句，说明sugges
11、tion的内容，应用that引导该同位语从句。that只起连接作用，不作成分。答案that3Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities.解析句意：迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给他的机会，这是真的吗？是的，但是我不知道他为什么会这样做，那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。根据句意可知填why引导同位语从句。答案why4(辽宁卷)When the news came _
12、 the war broke out he decided to serve in the army.解析句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定参军。本题考查同位语从句，说明the news的内容。that只起连接作用，不作成分。答案that5(江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.解析句意：大约下午两点来了通知，会议被延期。本题考查that引导同位语从句，说明notice的内容。答案thatWriting旅游报告游记的写法比较灵活，在描写景点的过程中可以抒发感情，夹叙夹议
13、。一篇好的游记不仅能引导读者跟作者一起欣赏美丽的风景，使读者产生身临其境的感受，还能启迪人的思想，陶冶人的情操，给人以美的感受。一、基本格式1开头部分介绍游记的主题，即所去的地方；2主体部分具体列出旅游见闻的内容；3结尾部分是对旅游的总结。二、常用词句1be located in.; be situated in.; lie in.; at the foot of/on the top of.2. has a population of.; . a city/country with a population of.3. has/covers an area of. square kilome
14、tres; . with an area of. square kilometres.4. has a long history of. years；. has witnessed great changes of.5It is very convenient for.; It takes. to take a bus from. to.; .is within easy reach.6It is a picturesque(优美的) and impressive.7From the view of. we can catch sight of.8. will be open to the p
15、ublic by.9. is under construction and will be completed.写作提示假设你是李华，暑假你去了上海迪士尼乐园旅行。请以“A Trip to Shanghai Disney Resort”为题，写一篇游记，内容包括以下几点：1上海迪士尼乐园是由Walt Disney Company建造的世界上第六个主题公园，吸引了成千上万的游客；2在公园的中央有一个为中国游客设计的中国式的园林：奇想花园；3去探险岛很刺激。我到“明日世界”探索新世界，激发了我的想象力；4和迪士尼人物合影非常愉快。最后在商店买了些纪念品，去餐馆品尝了美食。注意：词数100左右参考词
16、汇：奇想花园Gardens of Imagination；探险岛Adventure Isle；明日世界Tomorrow land写作要点1第一段：介绍上海迪士尼乐园的情况；2第二段：介绍游览上海迪士尼乐园的过程；3第三段：总结，游览感受。经典范文A Trip to Shanghai Disney ResortShanghai_Disney_Resort_is_the_sixth_theme_park_built_by_Walt_Disney_Company_in_the_world， which attracts_thousands_of visitors every day. There i
17、s a Chinese garden called Gardens of Imagination in the centre of the park, which is_designed_for Chinese visitors.There are many attractions, which appeal_to children and adults. It_was_exciting_to_explore_in_Adventure_Isle. Then I went to Tomorrow land to explore the new world, inspiring_my_imagin
18、ation. I took photos with many of my favorite Disney characters. Finally, I bought some souvenirs. Feeling hungry, I went into a restaurant and enjoyed delicious food.I think its a really fantastic trip and I want to visit it again in the future.精彩点评文章开门见山，整体介绍迪士尼乐园。运用了较高级的词汇，如attract“吸引”，thousands
19、of“成千上万的”，be designed for“为而设计”，appeal to“吸引”，souvenir“纪念品”，等。运用了较高级的句式，如which引导的非限制性定语从句，inspiring my imagination现在分词作状语，it作形式主语，等。假设你上周去北京旅游了，参观了长城，请根据以下的信息要点写一篇100词左右的英语短文，介绍该景点并谈谈你的参观感受。历史有两千多年的历史。特点世界上最长的城墙，长6000多千米。建筑材料主要为石头、砖头，修建工作都是人工进行。主要用于防御外来入侵者，沿墙每隔几百米就有烽火台(watchtower)。现状世界著名旅游景点之一，每年吸引许
20、多外国游客到长城观光旅游。答案Last week, I went to Beijing and visited the Great Wall. Its so wonderful that people often say no visit to Beijing is complete without a visit to the Great Wall.The Great Wall, which is more than 6,000 kilometers long, is the longest wall in the world. It has a history of more than 2
21、,000 years. It is made of stone and bricks and almost all the construction was done by hand without any machine. As the wall was built to defend the country against foreign invaders, there were watchtowers every few hundred meters along the wall. Now, the Great Wall is one of the most famous places
22、of interest in China and it attracts many visitors every year.If you have a chance to visit it, you will be delighted with the great tourist attraction.课后作业(十五).单句语法填空1One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.2We have some doubt _
23、 they can come on time.3I have no idea _ size of the shoes she wears.4Do you have any idea _ it means to be poor?5The fact _ the transport of the goods costs too much was not discussed.6The question _ we need more time to do the work hasnt been discussed.7Ive come from Mr. Smiths with a message _ he
24、 wont be available this afternoon.8He gave orders that the book _(return) immediately.9I have some doubt _ he will come on time.10She had no idea _ she thought of him suddenly.答案1.that2.whether3.what4.what5.that6whether7.that8.(should) be returned9whether10.why.单句改错1I have no idea if he will spare s
25、ome time to keep me company._2Our English teacher gave us a suggestion that we made good use of our time._3The question that should be to blame for the fire requires consideration._4Word came the famous singer would come to our city._5I have no doubt whether you will succeed in passing the exam._答案1
26、.ifwhether2.mademake3.thatwho4came后加that5.whetherthat.阅读理解ANow many young people are travelling around the world on their own, not because they have no one to travel with, but because they prefer to go alone.Kristina Wegscheider from California first travelled alone when she was at college and belie
27、ves that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life. “It opens up your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone.” Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents.In foreign countries, with no one to help you read a map, look after you if you g
28、et ill, or lend you money if your wallet is stolen, it is challenging. This is what drives young people to travel alone. It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own.Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go travelling last year.
29、He set up a website, The Aussie Nomad, to document his adventures. He says he wished he had travelled alone earlier. “The people you meet, the places you visit, or the things you do, everything is up to you and it forces you to grow as a person，” said the 30yearold man.Richardson describes travellin
30、g alone like “a shot in the arm”， which “makes you a more confident person that is ready to deal with anything”. He said，“The feeling of having overcome something on my own is a major part of what drives me each day when Im dealing with a difficult task. I walk around with my head up because I know
31、deep down inside that nothing is impossible if you try.”The great 19th century explorer John Muir once said, “Only by going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.”语篇解读：本文提到现在年轻人流行的旅行方式，独自一人去，不是因为没有人做伴而是想独自一个人去面对旅行中遇到的种种问题，挑战自我，让自己变得更自信。1Which of the following will Krist
32、ina Wegscheider agree with?ATravelling alone is a necessary experience for everyone.BIt is more meaningful to travel in foreign countries.CIt is comfortable to travel around without a friend.DTravelling abroad helps people to find new things.解析考查细节理解。根据第二段“Kristina Wegscheider from California first
33、travelled alone when she was at college and believes that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life.”可知Wegscheider认为每个人一生中应该最少进行一次单独的旅行，所以她认为独自旅行是必需的。选A项。答案A2Travelling alone is challenging because _.Ayou have to make things on your ownBit is hard for you to prove yourself to ot
34、hersCyou can only depend on yourself whatever happensDit will finally build your character解析考查细节理解。根据第三段“In foreign countries，with no one to help you read a map, look after you if you get ill, or lend you money if your wallet is stolen, it is challenging.”可知在外国，没有人帮助你看地图，生病了也没有人照顾，钱包丢了也没有人借给你钱，这是非常具
35、有挑战的。所以独自旅行很有挑战性是因为无论发生什么事情你都得依靠自己，所以C项符合题意。答案C3What can we infer about Chris Richardson?AHe started travelling alone at an early age.BHe was once shot in the arm.CHis website inspires others a lot.DHe used to work as a salesman.解析考查推理判断。根据第四段中“Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Aust
36、ralia to go travelling last year.”可知Richardson决定放弃澳大利亚的销售工作去旅行，可推知他以前是做销售的，所以选D项。答案D4What is the best title for the passage?ATravel AbroadBTravel AloneCTravel LightDTravel Wide and Far解析考查标题归纳。本文主要讲述了年轻人独自旅行，所以选B项。答案BBLiverpool, my hometown, is a unique city. It is so unique that in 2004 it became a
37、 World Heritage(遗产) Site.I recently returned to my home city and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in mist, Victorian architecture(建筑) rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of seabirds, and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed towards the centr
38、e, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpools history.As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool
39、 has more museums and galleries than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has the best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England. However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As
40、Britains No. 1 music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also wellknown for its football and other sports events. Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, making the city a place of wonder.
41、As you would expect from such a city, there are restaurants serving food from around the world. When my trip was about to complete, I chose to rest my legs in Liverpools famous Philharmonic pub. It is a monument(丰碑) to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.Being a World Heritage Site, my home
42、 city is certainly a place of “outstanding universal value”. It is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中描述了自己的家乡利物浦的美景，重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围，表达了作者对家乡的热爱。5What would visitors who see the city for the first time be deeply impressed by?AIts charming banks.BIts fam
43、ous museums.CIts wonderful palaces.DIts attractive buildings.解析考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“. most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpools history.”可知，大部分游客都被利物浦的建筑吸引，故选D项。答案D6The third paragraph is developed mainly by _.Aproviding different exampl
44、esBfollowing the order of spaceCmaking comparisonsDanalysing causes解析考查写作手法。根据第三段可知，作者举了博物馆、音乐和体育等方面的例子，从而可知应选A项。答案A7What does the author use the Philharmonic pub to prove?ALiverpool is a wellknown city for its restaurants.BLiverpool is an impressive place full of attraction.CA pub is a wonderful pl
45、ace for visitors to relax themselves.DA pub is a perfect choice for visitors to complete their journey.解析考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It is a monument(丰碑) to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself.”可知，作者通过举出这个例子证明利物浦是一个极具吸引力的地方，故选B项。答案B8What is the passage mainly about?AThe universal artistic beauty in
46、Liverpool.BThe exciting experience of the author in Liverpool.CThe special cultural atmosphere of Liverpool.DThe beautiful historic sites of Liverpool.解析考查主旨大意。文章不仅介绍了利物浦的美景，而且重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围，故选C项。答案C.短文改错During May Day, I went to the zoo to see lovely animal and went to the sea world to see some beau
47、tiful fishes. That was very much interesting. I also visited my grandparents with my parents and we have some nice foods. We rode horses on the grassland and played local children. Riding horses was very excited. After that, I hold a party and invited some of my best friends to my house. His mother
48、bought a lot of tasty foods for us, so we took many photos during the party. We played very happy. I also watched a few cartoon films at home, that were wonderful.答案.书面表达假设你是李黛予，刚刚和堂妹刘倩从加拿大旅游回来，请根据下面提示写一篇100词左右的报告，简要向同学们介绍你们的经历。游览地点特点落基山美丽的风景；大灰熊；山羊中部地区空旷；种植小麦多伦多国家电视塔；尼亚加拉大瀑布上升起的雾霭；加顶的体育馆蒙特利尔法语的指示牌和
49、广告答案What We Saw in CanadaMy cousin and I travelled across Canada by train from west to east. Some of the most important and interesting things that we saw are included in this report.We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train, and saw beautiful scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats
50、. Canada is very empty in the centre, which is a wheatgrowing area. In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the mist from Niagara Falls. We visited the covered stadium, which is the home of the famous basketball team. In Montreal, we saw many signs and ads in French.There is so much to see and do in Canada on one trip. We saw only a few things, but we think we would like to go back for another visit.
