1、模块四高考题型组合练组合练1.阅读理解(共9小题；每小题2分，满分18分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2020河北省衡水中学高三下学期第一次模拟考试)Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage(绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial(细菌的) infection its protecting，just like a traffic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand
2、.The traffic light system works just like this：Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria，yellow means drug-sensitive(DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics(抗生素) and causes antibiotic release，and red means drug-resistant(DR) bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.In t
3、esting the bandage on mice，the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method.However，the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time，the requirement for professional personnel，and expensive instruments.Moreover，the abuse of antibiotics cause
4、s the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.Its easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.Treatment doesnt have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis，and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.Whats more，the
5、person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on whats happening with the infection，if theres an infection at all.The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light，including photodynamic therapy or PDT.Weve been seeing quite a few upgrades to the tr
6、aditional bandage in recent years，thanks to advances in science like the nanofiber mesh that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out，speeding up the healing process.Then theres the novel bandage for treating burns，which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.The more wor
7、k that a bandage can do while its protecting a wound，the better.Efforts to improve bandages continue and now weve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics，but also tells the patient exactly whats going on too.1What is the smart bandage mainly designed to do?AAvoid the use of antibiotics.BCle
8、ar out harmful bacteria.CDetect bacterial infections.DIncrease treatment options.2What is the advantage of the smart bandage?AIt saves much time and cost.BIt removes the risk of infection.CIt prevents the bacterial resistance.DIt improves doctor-patient relationship.3What can be inferred from the la
9、st two paragraphs?ATraditional bandages are out of use now.BMore smart bandages will be developed.CProgress in science calls for more research.DPeople are urged to study medical science.4What does the text focus on?AA successful test on mice.BA colour-changing bandage.CSensing drug-resistant bacteri
10、a.DPreventing abuse of antibiotics.【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。1细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection its protecting，just li
11、ke a traffic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.”可知，科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。由此可知，智能绷带的主要功能是检测细菌感染。故选C。2细节理解题。根据第二段中“However，the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time，the requirement for professional personnel，and expensive
12、 instruments.”可知，然而，常用的电阻检测方法受到时间、专业人员的要求和昂贵仪器的限制。以及第三段第一句“Its easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.”可知，很容易看出一个简单的绷带和光可以克服这些限制。由此可知，智能绷带的优点是节省了很多时间和成本。故选A。3推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Efforts to improve bandages continue and now weve got a bandage that not only relea
13、ses antibiotics，but also tells the patient exactly whats going on too.”可知，改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知，更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。4推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection its protecting，just like a traf
14、fic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.”可知，科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。结合文章还说明了这种绷带的优势和未来的发展趋势。由此可推知，文章的重点是变色绷带。故选B。B(2020北京市海淀区高三二模)Stuttering(口 吃)has nothing to do with intelligence.I know this because I stutter.If it takes me a while longer t
15、o say a word，its not because I cant remember the word；its because the neural(神经的) pathway that transforms words in my head into sounds in my mouth is wired differently.And differences，of course，are the best way to get negative attention in our society.Taking extra time to get my words out can surely
16、 be frustrating，but thats nothing compared to the misery of dealing with peoples reactions.Almost all children who stutter are discouraged from speaking in one way or another.Its usually not as direct as someone walking up to them and saying，“Hey，stuttering kid! Keep your mouth shut！” But when your
17、voice causes adults and peers to snicker(窃笑)or roll their eyes，its pretty discouraging.Growing up，I learned to avoid speaking whenever possible.I hated what came out of my mouth，full of awkward breaks and pauses.I figured whatever future I had，it probably involved a vow of silence.Today Im a touring
18、 author and comedian.It took me 30-something years to get over stuttering.Did I stop stuttering? No! I couldnt stop if I wanted to.But I stopped wanting to stop.Instead of wasting all my time and energy trying to meet unattainable standards，I learned that its OK to stutter.And I learned by example.I
19、 attended the National Stuttering Association conference and met all kinds of people who stutterpeople who didnt hate themselves，who didnt silence themselves.They stuttered，and they were OK with it! I remember watching them and thinking，“Thats who I want to be！”Theres a popular saying in comedy：“You
20、r weakness is your strength.” When I first entered my local open-mic scene，I was quickly met with some “smart” guys looking to score a cheap laugh at my expense.I remember introducing myself to one comedian and stuttering on my name，as I usually do.Eager to demonstrate his smartness，he replied，“Is t
21、hat Nina with five Ns？” “No，” I said，“its Nina with two Ns！” Just like that，I had created a joke as the result of someone making fun of my stutter.To this day，whenever I need inspiration for a new joke，I just think about all the ridiculous comments I get from non-stuttering people.Its a comedy gold
22、mine!5It takes the author longer to say a word because she has .Aa comparatively low IQBtrouble in organizing ideasCa relatively small brainDproblems in her neural system6What annoys the author most about her stuttering is .Athe unfriendly reactions of othersBthe difficulty in memorising wordsCher u
23、npromising future as a stuttererDher embarrassing pauses during talks7The author got over stuttering by .Aadjusting her attitude towards itBgetting help from non-stutterersCtelling herself constantly to stop itDsilencing herself whenever possible8Paragraph 5 is mainly about the authors .Asuccess as
24、a comedianBrespect for other comediansCresistance to others strengthDacceptance of her imperfection【答案】5.D6.A7.A8.D【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者花了30多年克服了口吃的毛病，并成为一名巡回演出的作家和喜剧演员。作者认为克服口吃最重要的是，改变对口吃的态度并接受自己的不完美。5细节理解题。根据文章第一段“its because the neural(神经的)pathway that transforms words in my head into sounds in
25、 my mouth is wired differently.”(这是因为将我大脑中的文字转换成嘴里的声音的神经通路是不同的。)可知，因为她的神经系统有问题，所以作者说一个字要花更长的时间。故选D。6推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But when your voice causes adults and peers to snicker (窃笑)or roll their eyes，its pretty discouraging.”(但是，当你的声音会导致成人和同伴偷笑或不以为然，这很令人沮丧。)可推断出，最让作者恼火的是别人不友好的反应。故选A。7推理判断题。根据文章第三段和第四段“Inste
26、ad of wasting all my time and energy trying to meet unattainable standards，I learned that its OK to stutter.”(我并没有浪费时间和精力去达到无法达到的标准，我意识到了口吃是没关系的。)可推断出，作者从尽量避免说话到克服了口吃的毛病，是因为作者通过调整自己的态度克服了口吃。故选A。8主旨大意题。根据文章第五段首句“Theres a popular saying in comedy：Your weakness is your strength.” (在喜剧中有一句流行的谚语：“你的弱点就是你
27、的长处。”)和后文作者举自己向一位喜剧演员介绍自己的事例可知，本段作者告诉我们要学会接受自己的不完美。故选D。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eleven years ago，it seemed as if the world came to an end.My husband of 19 years，the father of my two sons，was diagnosed with terminal cancer (癌症晚期)Over the 1 of seven months，
28、Bill went from 2 me easily at tennis to needing my help to go to the bathroom.It was the best seven months of my life.Maybe I dont actually 3 that.But it was certainly the time when I felt most 4 .During those seven months I came to 5 that whatever else I did in my life，nothing would 6 more than tak
29、ing care of my husband.I discovered that the minor complaint of an annoying coworker，or a flat tire pales(失色) in 7 with the beauty of sincere laughter，or the 8 of a bakery.There were moments of 9 ，laughter，and tenderness in every day.I found I could train myself to see beauty 10 bother.In the days a
30、fter Bills diagnosis and brain surgery，being his caregiver also meant being fully 11 as much as possible.During his last weekend，we had dinner together.Later，a relative visited.I 12 that shed changed her appearance，and not in a good way.It was the kind of 13 Id usually keep to 14 .Just then，Bill voi
31、ced 15 what Id been thinking，in that truthful way he had，and I found myself 16 out loud.I thought I could look after this man forever，but he 17 in four days.Eleven years later，I havent made much achievements. 18 every day，I try to be the person I became during those seven months.I try to be a little
32、 less judgmental，a little more generous，a little more 19 for the small moments in life.I am a better person for having been Bills caregiver.It was his last，best 20 to me.1A.routineBeventCcourseDbasis2A.beatingBhittingCstrikingDwinning3A.believeBdecideCthinkDmean4A.aliveBawakeCashamedDembarrassed5A.h
33、opeBunderstandCadmitDaccept6A.differBmatterCstrengthenDhelp7A.conflictBconversationCcomparisonDtouch8A.reputationBfeelingCsenseDsmell9A.joyBfearCpanicDsadness10A.other thanBrather thanCmore thanDless than11A.comfortableBpresentCabsentDflexible12A.noticedBwatchedCfeltDinformed13A.conceptBsuggestionCt
34、houghtDview14A.ourselvesBhimselfCherselfDmyself15A.completelyBexactlyCpartlyDaccurately16A.cryingBshoutingCscreamingDlaughing17A.passed awayBdied awayCwent awayDgot away18A.AndBButCOrDWhile19A.thoughtfulBpowerfulCcarefulDgrateful20A.momentBexperienceCgiftDsubject【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.A5.B6.B7.C8D9.A10.B11.
35、B12.A13.C14.D15.B16D17.A18.B19.D20.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者的丈夫生病期间，作者从最初的万念俱灰到后来的乐观面对，在照顾患病丈夫的同时，作者自己也变成了一个更好的人，这是作者最好的礼物。1考查名词词义辨析。句意：在七个月的时间里，比尔从网球轻易地打败我到需要我帮忙上厕所。A.routine常规；B.event事件；C.course过程，课程；D.basis基础。over the course of“在过程中”是固定搭配。故选C。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：在七个月的时间里，比尔从网球轻易地打败我到需要我帮忙上厕所。A.beating打败；B.hit
36、ting击中；C.striking罢工，撞，碰；D.winning赢。该句叙述的是作者丈夫患癌之后的转变。from.指的是作者丈夫身体很好的状况，to.指的是作者丈夫生病之后的状况。因此该句应指丈夫原本身体强壮，可以轻松地在网球比赛中“获胜”。故选A。3考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我不是那个意思。A.believe相信；B.decide决定；C.think认为；D.mean意味着，意思是。此处是指上文“needing my help to go to the bathroom”。故选D。4考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但那确实是我觉得最有活力的时候。A.alive有生气的，活的；B.awake醒着
37、的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文中的“It was the best seven months”可知，作者认为这是自己人生中最好的七个月。故此空应选一个褒义词。故选A。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白，无论我在生活中做了什么，没有什么比照顾我的丈夫更重要了。A.hope希望；B.understand理解；C.admit承认；D.accept接受。我逐渐地“明白”了这一点：照顾丈夫是最重要的事情。故选B。6考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白，不管我在生活中做了什么，没有什么比照顾我丈夫更重要了。A.differ不同；B.matter重要，要紧；C.st
38、rengthen 加强，巩固；D.help帮助。没有什么比照顾我的丈夫更重要。故选B。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，与真诚的笑声、烘焙的气味相比，同事的小抱怨，或者是一个瘪了的轮胎都相形失色。A.conflict冲突；B.conversation谈话；C.comparison比较；D.touch接触。固定短语in comparison with意为“和相比”。故选C。8考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现，与真诚的笑声、烘焙的气味相比，同事的小抱怨，或者是一个瘪了的轮胎都相形失色。A.reputation名声；B.feeling感情，感觉；C.sense感觉；D.smell气味。the beau
39、ty of sincere laughter和theof a bakery是并列关系，都应该指好的事物，故该处应该指“烘焙的(好闻的)气味”。故选D。9考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一天，有欢乐、笑声和温柔的时刻。A.joy高兴；B.fear恐惧，害怕；C.panic惊慌；D.sadness悲伤。该空和laughter，tenderness并列，应该都指好的事物，每天生活中都有高兴，大笑，温柔的时刻。故选A。10考查短语词义辨析。句意：我发现我可以训练自己看到美丽而不是烦恼。 Aother than除了；B.rather than而不是；C.more than超过，不仅；D.less than少
40、于。上文提到，作者明白了生活中有美好的时刻。所以，她发现自己能够训练自己看到生活中的美而不是烦恼。表示“而不是”。故选B。11考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在比尔的诊断和脑部手术后的日子里，照顾他也意味着要尽可能地全身心投入。A.comfortable舒服的；B.present出席的，存在的；C.absent缺席的；D.flexible灵活的。在Bill确诊和脑部手术后的几天里，作为他的护理者意味着尽可能多的陪伴他。陪伴丈夫即：要在他身边，在场。故选B。12考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到她改变了自己的外表，而且不是很好。A.noticed注意到；B.watched观看，注视；C.felt感觉到；
41、D.informed通知，告知。亲戚的外表发生了变化，作者很容易“看到，注意到”这一点。故选A。13考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我通常会藏在心底的想法。A.concept概念；B.suggestion建议；C.thought想法；D.view观点，看法。根据后文中的“what Id been thinking”可知，该句指“这是我一直的想法”。故选C。14考查反身代词词义辨析。句意：这是我通常藏在心底的想法。A.ourselves我们自己；B.himself他自己；C.herself她自己；D.myself我自己。根据后文中“Bill voiced 15 what Id been thinki
42、ng”可知，丈夫Bill说出了作者的想法。由此推知，作者一直将这种想法藏在自己心中，没有说出来。故选D。15考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，比尔确切地表达出了我一直在想的话，用他那种真诚的方式，我发现自己笑得很大声。A.completely完全地；B.exactly确切地，正好；C.partly部分地；D.accurately精确地。丈夫Bill恰恰把作者的想法说了出来，exactly表强调。故选B。16考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，比尔确切地表达出了我一直在想的话，用他那种真诚的方式，我发现自己笑得很大声。A.crying哭泣；B.shouting大叫；C.screaming尖叫；D.
43、laughing大笑。作者认为亲戚的外表变化很糟糕，但是作者没有说出来，而作者丈夫把作者的想法很诚实地说了出来，作者感到很有趣，不禁笑了起来。故选D。17考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不过，他四天后就死了。A.passed away去世；B.died away逐渐消失；C.went away走开，离开；D.got away离开，外出。根据but转折可以推知，作者原以为自己可以永远地和丈夫生活在一起，但是他四天之后去世了。故选A。18考查连词词义辨析。句意：但每天，我都试图重新成为我在那七个月里变成的那个人。A.And和；B.But但是；C.Or或者；D.While尽管。前句提到“11年之后，我没
44、有取得很大的成就”；后句提到“每天，我努力地成为那七个月我成为的那个人。”很明显，前后之间是转折关系。故选B。19考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对生活中的点点滴滴，我尽量少一点评判，多一点慷慨，多一点感激。A.thoughtful考虑周全的；B.powerful力量强大的；C.careful认真的；D.grateful感激的。该句叙述的是作者良好的心态，因此应该指：我努力地做到不那么爱下判断了，我更慷慨了，更感激生活中的小时刻了。故选D。20考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是他给我的最后一份最好的礼物。A.moment片刻，瞬间；B.experience经历，经验；C.gift礼物；D.subject科目。作者在照顾丈夫的七个月里受益颇多，由此可知，做丈夫的护理成了他对我的最后，最好的礼物。故选C。