1、第三板块理清复杂句式专题一句子成分和句子分析 知 识 梳 理 一、句子的类别1按句子结构分类简单句主语谓语He laughed.主语谓语宾语Lily eats breakfast.主语系动词表语Tom is a student.主语谓语双宾语Mum made me a beautiful dress.主语谓语宾语宾补I saw him playing basketball yesterday.并列句联合并列句I help him and he helps me.因果并列句Its time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work fro
2、m dawn until dark.转折并列句The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months, yet he couldnt find any work.选择并列句Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.复合句定语从句I cant think of any reason why he should do that.状语从句I thought they were laughing at me because I was ugly.名词性从句Why he came late was
3、unclear. (主语从句)That explained why he was always in debt. (宾语从句)That is why Im working hard at my lesson. (表语从句)I have no idea what you mean. (同位语从句)2按句子的交际功能分类陈述句肯定句We have finished our homework.否定句They wont go to Shanghai next week.疑问句一般疑问句Is that girl your sister? Do they play basketball every aft
4、ernoon? Have you finished your homework？特殊疑问句What can you see in the picture？反意疑问句I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he？选择疑问句Are you a teacher or a student?Which is bigger, Beijing or New York？祈使句Always look in the mirror before starting to drive.感叹句What nice music it i
5、s! How nice the music is! there be句式be动词句式There is a great Italian deli across the street.There are some students in the dormitory.用exist，live，stand, come, go, run替代be动词的句式There stands a tall building on the corner of the street.There comes a time when children need to know more than the basic facts
6、 of life.二、句子的成分主语I easily caught up and tagged her.谓语简单谓语The company went through a rough time.复合谓语The price of oil should remain stable for the rest of time.宾语单宾语My father bought a new bike yesterday.双宾语My father bought me a new bike yesterday.复合宾语I often help my mother (to) do some housework.表语Hi
7、s hands are too weak.定语前置定语The little boy needs a blue pen.后置定语There is nothing important in todays newspaper. 状语表示时间A lot of students missed my lecture yesterday.表示地点The children are swimming in the river.表示原因He was sent to prison for robbery.表示结果It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that c
8、ountry. 表示条件With more money, I would be able to buy it.表示目的I went to France not to study French, but to study architecture.表示让步With all his efforts, he lost the match.表示方式I heard of the job through a newspaper advertisement.表示伴随He ran up to her breathing heavily.表示比较She is not so outgoing as her sister.表示程度He did that successfully.补足语宾语补足语They all consider her a good student.I saw Tom take away the magazine.主语补足语Tom was seen to take away the magazine.同位语You are John Smith, the engineer, arent you?