1、课时分层作业(八)语言知识练习固基础.单句语法填空1New York City is known for its tall buildings and busy lifestyle.2The government has been in power for ten years.3Mike often attempts to escape being fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic rules.4Youll surely see your improvement if you keep your attention paid (pay) to th
2、e study.5She threw the toy on the ground，breaking (break) it into pieces.6There is not enough time，so we can touch on it only briefly (brief) here.7It is reported that a new shopping mall is being built (build) in the city at present.8Id like to speak to Mr.Davis about a personal (person) matter，but
3、 he is so busy now.9The fire caused by the explosion (explode) has burned for five hours.10The railway had been built (build) by the end of last year.单句改错1He is known by everyone as a fair judge.byto2She graduated in Wuhan University this year.infrom3To my surprise，he could escape that big fire.esca
4、pe后加from4The plane is believed to flying higher than a bird.flyingfly5It rained heavily，caused severe flooding in that country.causedcausing高考题型练习提能力.阅读理解AJohn von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker，and his speed of learning new ideas and of solving problems stood out early.At 17，his f
5、ather tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician，and so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well.In 1926，at 23，he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D.in mathematics.From then on，mathematics provided well enough for
6、him，and he never had to turn to chemistry.In 1930，von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there.His first book was published in 1932.In 1933，the Institute for Advanced Study was formed，and he became one of the 6 fulltime people in the School of Mathematics(Ein
7、stein was one of the others)World War hugely changed von Neumanns areas of interest.Until 1940 he had been a great pure(纯粹的) mathematician.During and after the war，he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice.During the last part of the war he became interested
8、 in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions.After the war，von Neumann continued his work with computers，and was generally very active in government service.He received many awards，was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commissio
9、n.He died in 1957 of cancer.Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history.He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.Von Neumann really was a legend(传奇) in his own time，and there are a number of
10、 stories about him.His driving ability is a part of this legend.He reported one accident this way：“I was driving down the road.The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour.Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了伟大的数学家John von Neumann(约翰冯诺依曼)的生平事迹。1
11、According to the text，von Neumanns father believed that Aa mathematician couldnt earn a lot of moneyBa mathematician needed a good memoryCvon Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same timeDvon Neumann had a gift for solving problems at a high speedA细节理解题。根据第一段“his father tried to per
12、suade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician”可知，他的父亲认为数学家的生活可能会比较清贫。2Von Neumann published his first book at the age of A23B26C29 D32C推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1926，at 23.”和第二段“His first book was published in 1932”不难得出，他29岁时出版了第一本书。3How did World War affect John
13、 von Neumann?AHe realized the importance of engineering.BHe began to research how to put mathematics into practice.CHe left college and served at the government department.DHe lost interest in chemistry.B细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知，二战使他的兴趣从纯粹数学领域转到了应用数学领域。4From the last paragraph，we can infer John von Neumann
14、was Acalm BbraveCintelligent DhumorousD推理判断题。他在描述自己的事故时，将自己与树木之间的动与静的状态颠倒，让人忍俊不禁，由此可见他很幽默。BAlzheimers disease(老年痴呆症) affects millions of people around the world.American researchers say the disease will affect more than one hundred million people worldwide by the year 2050.That would be four times t
15、he current number.Researchers and doctors have been studying Alzheimers patients for a century.Yet the cause and the cure for the mental sickness are still unknown.However，some researchers have made important steps towards understanding itSeveral early signs of the disease involve memory and thought
16、 processes.At first，patients have trouble remembering little things.Later，they have trouble remembering more important things，such as the names of their children.There are also some physical tests that might show who is at risk of developing Alzheimers disease.The tests look for proteins in brain an
17、d spinal cord(脊髓) fluid.The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease.The protein tests correctly identify the presence of the disease in about ninety percent of patients.Now，a much simpler physical test to predict Alzheimers risk has been developed.Researchers found that trouble w
18、ith the sense of smell can be one of the first signs of Alzheimers.Using this information，they developed a test in which people were asked to identify twelve familiar smells.These smells included cinnamon，black pepper，chocolate，paint thinner，and smoke.The study continued for five years.During this p
19、eriod，the same people were asked to take several tests measuring their memory and thought abilities.Fifty percent of those who could not identify at least four of the smells in the first test had trouble with their memory and thinking in the next five years.Another study has shown a possible way to
20、reduce a persons chances of developing Alzheimers disease in old age.Researchers in Chicago found that people who use their brains more often are less likely to develop Alzheimers disease.Those who read a newspaper，or play chess or word games are about three times less likely to develop the conditio
21、n.Researchers say they still do not know what causes Alzheimers disease.But they say these findings might help prevent the disease in the future.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是关于老年痴呆的调查。5Whats the main idea of the passage?ASome early signs of the Alzheimers disease.BSome physical tests about Alzheimers disease.CThe
22、research about Alzheimers disease.DThe patients of Alzheimers disease.C主旨大意题。根据短文第一段最后一句可知本文主要讨论的是关于老年痴呆的调查，故选C。6Whats the current number of Alzheimers patients?A100 million. B25 million.C400 million. D2，050 million.B细节理解题。由第一段第二句到2050年老人痴呆症病人的人数会达到100 million，也就是现在的4倍，现在的人数就是25 million，故选B。7What is
23、 not the early signs of the Alzheimers disease according to the passage?APoor memory.BProteins exist in the brain.CTrouble with the sense of smell.DLess use of the brain.D细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段第二句“Researchers in Chicago.are less likely to develop Alzheimers disease.”可知少用脑只会更容易得老年痴呆症，而不是它的早期特征，故选D。8What doe
24、s the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 1 refer to?AAlzheimers disease.BAlzheimers patients.CThe cause and the cure.DThe research.A词义猜测题。根据短文第一段第四句“Researchers and doctors have been studying Alzheimers patients.understanding it”可知it指代上文的老年痴呆症，故选A。.短文改错Dear Wang Lin，Im sorry to know that you are facing
25、 some problems.Its naturally for someone to meet with different kinds of problems when he first studied abroad.The language problem is the first one.But Im sure youll soon be able to use the language well，so I know youre a quick learner.Being sure to take every possible chance to practise your oral
26、English，that will do good to you.The second problem is usually the change of eating habit.Not everyone can get accustom to a different diet，so why not to cook meals by yourself? Studying abroad is big challenge to you，but its really interested.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Wang Lin，Im sorry to kn
27、ow that you are facing some problems.Its for someone to meet with different kinds of problems when he first abroad.The language problem is the first one.But Im sure youll soon be able to use the language well， I know youre a quick learner. sure to take every possible chance to practise your oral English， will do good to you.The second problem is usually the change of eating .Not everyone can get to a different diet，so why not cook meals by yourself? Studying abroad is big challenge to you，but its really .Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua
