1、Unit 5Grammar Focus. 1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。 你的衬衫是棉的吗？ _ your shirts _ _ cotton? 是的，而且它们产于美国。Yes. And they were _ _ the US. 飞机模型是由什么制成？ _ the model plane _ of ? 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。 Its made of _ _ and _ 茶产自中国哪里？ _ _ tea _ in China? 茶产自很多不同的地区。 Its produced in many _ _. 茶是如何制成的？ _ is tea _? 茶树种植在山
2、坡上。当茶叶长成后，它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。 Tea plants _ _ on the sides of the mountains. When the leaves are ready they _ _ by hand and then _ _for _. 在杭州人们种植茶叶。 People_ _ in Hang Zhou. Tea _ _ (by people) in Hang Zhou. . Summary 被动语态 定义：语态是动词的一种形式，用于表明主语与谓语之间的关系。主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者Decide if these sen
3、tences are active or passive. 1. We call the doctor. 2. The classroom was cleaned in the morning. 3. Tom played football on the playground yesterday.4. Our English class is taught by Miss Chen. 被动语态的使用：当我们要强调动作的承受者时e.g. The baby is looked after by her mother. 这婴儿是由她妈妈照顾的。2. 当不知谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的
4、执行者时e.g. This kind of car is made in Shanghai. 这种小车在上海生产。被动语态的基本结构:be + 及物动词的过去分词be有各种时态的变化，并有人称和数的变化【练习】Nowadays Chinese _ by more and more people all over the world. A. is spoken B. was spoken C. speaksKeys: AWe speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语English is spoken by us. 主语 谓语 宾语宾变主；主变宾,前加by。主变被解题步骤：1. 宾语动作的承
5、受者2. 判断宾语的单复数be动词的单复数.3. 判断动词的时态be动词的时态.4. 修改谓语的时态原句动词改为过去分词5. 修改原句的主语by+ 主语/ 宾语.e.g. They make shoes in that factory.Shoes are made by them in that factory.一般现在时被动语态1. 肯定句结构：主语+ am/is /are+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)。e.g. 我们房子的窗户一星期擦一次。The windows of our house are cleaned once a week.2. 否定句结构：主语+ is/am/a
6、re not+及物动词的过去分词+其他.e.g. 我们房子的窗户并不是一星期擦一次。The windows of our house arent cleaned once a week3. 一般疑问句结构：is, am, are+主语 +及物动词的过去分词+其他? e.g. 我们房子的窗户一星期擦一次吗？ Are the windows of our house cleaned once a week?【练习】将下列句子改成被动语态。1. We use computers to search information. 2. The teacher often repeats the story
7、.3. Bill looks after his cats carefully. 4. We dont often speak English at home. Keys: Computers are used to search information by us. The story is often repeated by the teacher.The cats are carefully looked after by Bill. English isnt often spoken by us at home. 中考真题1. Why does the earth look blue
8、in space? Because most of the earths surface _ by water. （2019黄石） A. covers B. is covered C. cover D. are covered【解析】首先根据空处的句子表述的是客观事实，所以一般现在时，主语most of the earths surface是cover的承受者，“被覆盖”，主语是不可数名词。2. A year has four seasons and it _ twelve months. （2019十堰） A. divided into B. is dividing into C. was
9、divided into D. is divided into【解析】“一年有四个季节”可知描述客观真理，为一般现在时，主语it代指a year是谓语动词divide into的承受者，形成被动关系。3. Chinese New Year _ the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.（2019长春） A. is called B. was called C. calls D. called【解析】“中国的新年被称作春节，人们经常吃饺子”。表述的是一般性的事实，用一般现在时。主语Chinese New Year是动作call的承受者，表示“
10、被称作”。4. Everyone in our class _ to take part in the English Speech Contest. (2019山东烟台) A. is encouraged B. encourages C. are encouraging D. are encouraged5. To our surprise, the walls of the new book store _ books. (2019福建厦门) A. are lined with B. is lined with C. have lined with6. Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees _ every spring. (2019四川成都) A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted7. Can Mr. King spare some time for the charity show? If he _, he will try his best to make it. (2019江苏盐城) A. will be invited B. is invited C. invites D. invited第 4 页