1、2021届高三英语“3+3+3”备考诊断性联考卷（一）（含解析）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再 选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中
2、所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试 卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the man going to do in Seattle?A. Visit his brother.B. Meet his partner.C. Do some business.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M：Im going to visit my brother in Seattle.I told him to meet me at the airport at 5：00.See，w
3、ere landing very soon.W：Yes，in 20 minutes.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the woman help the man with?A. Writing a history paper.B. Giving him a newspaper.C. Finding some information.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M：I really need your help with my chemistry paper.W：OK.Ill help you with the search，but after that you ar
4、e on your own.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why will the man go to the womans office at 4： 00?A. To have a class.B. To take a test.C. To see a doctor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M：Professor Goodwin，I wasnt in class yesterday because I had a cold.Could you give me a make-up test？W：Of course.Come to my office at four oclock，
5、and well do it then.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man mean?A. The womans idea is not practical.B. The woman should find her own apartment.C. The woman should start her own tour company.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：Im thinking of starting my own tour company.M：A tour company? But you cant find your way to you
6、r own apartment.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In a hospital.C. In a restaurant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Can I pay the bill later？W: Im sorry you cant.You are a new patient，so the fee for the first examination is due now.You can pay in cash，by credit car
7、d or by check.M: Well，OK then.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What are the speakers talking about?A. A theft.B. A murder.C. A robbery.7. What does th
8、e young guy look like?A. He wears a red jacket.B. He has a scar on his forehead.C. He has long blond hair.【答案】6. A 7. B【解析】【原文】W: Someones just stolen my purse.I left it on this table while I went to the restroom.And when I came back，I saw a young guy running out of the cafe.M: What does he look lik
9、e？W: He is about 17 with short blond hair.I noticed he had a scar on his forehead.M: OK，madam.Ill call the police now.But Im afraid we arent responsible for your loss although it took place here.W: I know.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What does the man say about an outdoor tennis court?A. It
10、 isnt popular here.B It cant hold many users.C. It cant be used in bad weather.9. What do the speakers agree to build?A. A movie studio.B. A childrens pool.C. Basketball courts.【答案】8. B 9. C【解析】【原文】W: What about having a dance studio, an outdoor tennis court and.M: Hold on a minuteWe dont need an ou
11、tdoor tennis court.Only four people can use a tennis court.Wouldnt it be better to have two soccer fields? More students can play.W: OK.I think there should be a childrens pool as well as a main pool.M: Well, I think a swimming pool will be enough.What do you think about basketball courts?W: Yes, we
12、 definitely need basketball courts.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. What day is it today?A. Friday.B. Saturday.C. Sunday.11. What did the man enjoy the party?A. The food.B. The games.C. The music.12. How did the man get home after the party?A. On foot.B. By car.C. By bus.【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C【
13、解析】【原文】M: Hi，Kate.Why didnt you come to Alexs party？W: What? But the party is tonight，isnt it？M: Oh，Kate! It was last night! Friday，not Saturday！W: I cant believe I missed it! Oh，well.How was it？M: Well，I ate a lot.Alexs mom made great pizza.And we played some computer games.I took no interest in th
14、at.And the music was terrible.But the cake was amazing！It was actually two cakes，one on top of the other.W: Did the party finish late？M: I think so.I left at ten but Alex said most people didnt leave until half past eleven.W: Why did you leave early？M: My parents couldnt pick me up and I didnt want
15、to walk home.So I had to take the ten-fifteen bus home.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What does the woman have to do on Mondays?A. Work at the swimming pool.B. Have Spanish grammar classes.C. Have discussions with Mr. Brown.14. When were the tennis classes last year?A. On Mondays.B. On Tuesd
16、ays.C. On Wednesdays.15. What sport does the man prefer?A. Badminton.B. Football.C. Tennis.16. What club will both the speakers join?A. The guitar club.B. The singing club.C. The film club.【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C【解析】【原文】M: Will you go to any evening classes this year，Jess？W: Maybe.Is the badmint
17、on club running this year？I enjoyed that.M: Yes，but its on Mondays，6: 30.W: Thats a shame.I have to work late at the swimming pool on Mondays.I could go，but Ill arrive late.Whats on Tuesdays？Is it the tennis club again？M: No，thats on Wednesday this year.On Tuesday its football.W: Will you go？M: To f
18、ootball？No.But I might go to tennis.I have Spanish grammar classes all afternoon on Wednesday.My brain always feel very tired after those lessons，so Ill enjoy hitting a ball hard after that！W: Then maybe I wont go to that.It sounds like it will be dangerous if you are there，ha ha！Is there anything o
19、n Thursdays？M: Mr. Brown is running his usual club again，just like last year.W: Oh！Mr. Browns Thursday movie club！I enjoyed that.We had some great discussions.M: Yes.Im hoping to do that this year too.And on Fridays，the local singing group will be upstairs and the guitar group is downstairs.W: Well，
20、I guess Ill see you on Thursday evening then！听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. When will the fire arrive close to Lakewood?A. By six oclock this evening.B. By five oclock this evening.C. By six oclock tomorrow morning.18. Which direction is Springfield in?A. West.B. East.C. North.19. How long wil
21、l it take the residents to reach the safe zone?A. Less than ten minutes.B. Less than twenty minutes.C. Less than thirty minutes.20. What are the residents advised to do before they leave?A. Stay calm and do not panic.B. Leave all their belongings behind.C. Tell the state police where they are going.
22、【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A【解析】【原文】This is the Lakewood Public Address System.This is not a drill like the one we had last week. I repeat, this is not a drill. The Western Hill fire is spreading toward Lakewood much quicker than we expected. Currently, we expect the fire to come within twenty miles
23、of Lakewood by six oclock this evening.We are, therefore, requiring all residents to leave this area immediately. Springfield to the north, Point Cabina Station to the east, and Galveston to the south are all in the safe zone .It will take less than thirty minutes to drive to any of these towns. Tak
24、e as many things as you can fit in your car, but do not delay. We have orders from the state police to make sure that the entire town of Lakewood is empty by five oclock today. You have plenty of time to get all your family members, pets, and belongings together, so there is no need to panic. Stay c
25、alm, but start as soon as possible.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A4 World Heritage Sites in China The Temple of HeavenLocated in the southern part of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in g
26、ardens. The sacred place served as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors, and is the largest one in Beijing among several royal altars to Heaven, Earth, the Sun, the Moon and other symbolic forces of nature. It symbolizes the relationship between earth and heaven the huma
27、n world and Gods world which stands at the heart of Chinese cosmogony （宇宙进化论）.Mogao CavesLocated on south-east of the Dunhuang oasis, Gansu province, the Mogao caves, also known as the Thousand-Buddha Caves, are the worlds largest and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art. According to histori
28、cal records, the carving of the caves started in 366 AD and continued for about 1,000 years. The 492 well-preserved cells and cave sanctuaries in Mogao, housing about 45,000 square meters of murals （壁画）and more than 2,000 painted sculptures, are well-known for their statues and wall paintings.Fujian
29、 tulouFujian tulou consists of 46 buildings constructed between the 15th and 20th centuries. Several stories high, the earthen houses were built along an inward-looking, circular or square floor plan as housing for up to 800 people each. They were built for defense purposes around a central open cou
30、rtyard with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor. Housing a whole clan （家 族）,the houses functioned as village units and were known as “a little kingdom for the family,，.The Leshan Giant BuddhaThe Leshan Giant Buddha is said to be the biggest Buddha statue in the wo
31、rld. The way in which the cultural features have been integrated with the natural scenery is considered to be a precious legacy. The Giant Buddha statue, carved on the mountain, stands 71m high, with its back against Mount Jiuding. There are more than 90 stone carvings and Buddhist shrines on both s
32、ides of the Giant Buddha.21. Which of the following served as a sacrificial place in the past?A. Fujian tulou.B. Mogao Caves.C. The Temple of Heaven.D. The Leshan Giant Buddha.22. What feature of Fujian tulou reflects its defensive function?A. They are several stories high .B. They can hold hundreds
33、 of people.C. They have windows on the first floor.D. They have only one access to the outside.23. What do Mogao Caves and The Leshan Giant Buddha have in common?A. They were both royal places.B. They were both found in caves.C. They are both religious resorts.D. They both have historic murals.【答案】2
34、1. C 22. D 23. C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四个世界遗产地天坛、莫高窟、福建土楼及乐山大佛。【21题详解】细节理解题。由第一段第一、二句“the Temple of Heaven is a magnificent complex of fine cultural buildings set in gardens. The sacred place served as a complex of sacrificial buildings for the Ming and Qing emperors（the Temple of Heaven是以花园为背景的宏伟的文
35、化精品建筑群。这个神圣的地方曾经是明、清朝代的祭祀建筑）”可知，the Temple of Heaven曾经作为明、清朝代的祭祀建筑（sacrificial building），故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。由第三段第三句“They were built for defense purposes around a central open courtyard with only one entrance and windows to the outside only above the first floor（出于防御目的，在开放式的中央庭院周围只有一个出入口并且窗户只在一楼以上才有。）”
36、可知，出于防御目的，福建土楼只有一个出入口，故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“the Mogao caves, also known as the Thousand-Buddha Caves, are the worlds largest and longest used treasure house of Buddhist art.（莫高窟，俗称千佛洞，是世界上现存规模最大、内容最丰富的的佛教艺术地。）”和第四段“The Leshan Giant Buddha is said to be the biggest Buddha statue in the world.（据说乐山大佛是
37、世界上最大的佛像。）”可知，莫高窟（Mogao Caves）和乐山大佛（the Leshan Giant Buddha）都是宗教圣地，故选C。BLast fall, I went to New York for sightseeing. I visited many tourist attractions there, and I also saw many unfortunate citizens on the street, like beggars and homeless folks.Standing outside the Metropolitan Museum of Art, I
38、heard a voice ask, “Can you do me a favor?” When I turned around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended out. Naturally, I reached into my pocket for some change immediately and placed it in her hand without even looking at her. I was really annoyed at being bothered by a beggar. What I
39、 only thought at that moment was to send her away.But the blind woman said with a warm smile on her face, I dont want your money. I just need you to show me the way to the subway entrance.In an instant, I realized what I had done just now. Her unexpected words took me by surprise and shame. I had ac
40、ted with prejudice Id judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be. I felt ashamed of myself and couldnt face the old woman anymore. And I felt small beside her.The incident reminded me that I believed in being humble, even though I had lost that belief for a moment. The thing I had
41、 forgotten about myself is that I am an immigrant. I left Honduras and arrived in the U. S. at the age of 15. Through the years, I have experienced many acts of prejudice. I remember a time at the age of 17 when I was a busboy, I heard a father tell his little boy that if he did not do well in schoo
42、l, he would end up like me. But now, living my American middle-class lifestyle, it is too easy to forget who I am and where I have been, and to lose sight of where I want to go. It is the blind woman who cured me of my blindness.24 What did the author think the blind woman wanted at first sight?A. T
43、o ask for directions.B. To offer him some help.C. To demand some donations.D. To borrow money from him.25. Why did the author feel ashamed?A. He had a prejudice on the woman.B. He couldnt face the woman.C. He was judged by his appearance.D. He was an immigrant himself.26. Why did the author mention
44、his experience as a busboy?A. To indicate he led a miserable life.B. To tell he didnt work hard at school.C. To prove he used to be a humble man.D. To show he used to be unfairly judged.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Be Considerate - Always Minding Your WordsB. Be Humble - Always Droppin
45、g Your PrejudiceC. Be Generous - Always Helping Those in NeedD. Be Aggressive - Always Having a Big Dream【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因把一位盲人女士的求助误认为是乞讨行为，从而反思自己不应该带着偏见看人的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“When I turned around, I saw an elderly blind woman with her hand extended out. Naturally, I r
46、eached into my pocket for some change immediately and placed it in her hand without even looking at her.”（我转过身，看见一位年老的盲人伸出手来。很自然地，我立即把手伸进口袋找了些零钱，放在她手里，连看都没看她一眼。）可知，刚开始，作者把盲人女士的求助误认为是乞讨要钱。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“I had acted with prejudice Id judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to
47、be.”（我的行为带有偏见我判断另一个人只是因为我认为她应该是什么样的人。）可知，在得知盲人女士的真实需要后，作者羞愧于自己刚才不应带着偏见看人。故选A项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Through the years, I have experienced many acts of prejudice.”（这些年来，我经历了许多的偏见行为。）可知，作者这些年也被别人带着偏见对待过，其中一个事例就是自己在做勤杂工时的经历。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者因把一位盲人女士的求助误认为是乞讨行为，从而反思自己不应该带着偏见看人的故事，作者想通过这个故
48、事告诉大家，要时刻保持谦逊之心，不要带着偏见对待他人，最后一段中的“being humble”是关键词，故选B项。CA test that measures blood flow changes in the brain shows people with high blood pressure are more likely to experience poorer communication between brain regions than those with normal blood pressure, according to a small study published in
49、 the American Heart Association journal Hypertension.This study may help to explain why hypertension is a major risk factor for Alzheimers disease.” said the studys lead author, Lorenzo Carnevale.Researchers compared images of the brains of 19 people with high blood pressure and 18 people with blood
50、 pressure in the normal range. The images were resting-state functional MRIs, which measure small changes in blood flow at rest. Researchers also gave participants cognitive tests. Compared to people with normal blood pressure, those with hypertension performed slower and poorer on the cognitive tes
51、ts, and their brain images showed a pattern of abnormal connections.Dr. Kristine Yaffe, a professor of psychiatry and neurology at the University of California, noted the brain changes appeared prior to any structural changes in the brain associated with poorer cognitive skills.“It could be that the
52、 changes are there, and we just dont see them yet,” Yaffe said. Or maybe the functional connections are altered earlier in the process. The really amazing thing to me is that they are seeing these changes at such a young age. The average age of participants with high blood pressure was 55.Yaffe, how
53、ever, pointed out a larger study over a longer period of time is needed to flesh out these findings. We need to see if cognitive function gets worse, who is most likely to experience this and what it means in terms of when brain changes appear. We cant answer those questions with such a small study.
54、”“The study should not be interpreted to mean everyone with high blood pressure is on the road to Alzheimers disease,“ she added. The brain is really complicated. There are some subtle changes in connections shown here, but that doesnt mean the brain isnt working. There may be other ways the brain i
55、s compensating （弥补）for this.”28. What will people with hypertension suffer?A. Less communication.B. A decline in memory.C. Inactive brain activities.D. Poor connections in brains.29. What is Dr. Kristine Yaffes attitude towards the study?A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Disapproving.D. Indifferent.30. W
56、hat do the underlined words “flesh out mean in Paragraph 6?A. Enrich.B. Deny.C. Describe.D. Challenge.31. What can we infer about high blood pressure?A. Brains may make up for its effects.B. It makes brains more complicated.C. It must lead to Alzheimers disease.D. Its effects on brains are still unk
57、nown.【答案】28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学研究发现高血压可能会影响到人大脑的功能，进而造成阿尔兹海默症等疾病。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“A test that measures blood flow changes in the brain shows people with high blood pressure are more likely to experience poorer communication between brain regions than those with normal blood pre
58、ssure（一项测量大脑血流变化的测试显示，与正常血压的人相比，高血压患者的大脑区域之间的交流更有可能出现障碍）”可知，高血压病人大脑区域间的关联会减弱。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段和第六段内容尤其是“Yaffe, however, pointed out a larger study over a longer period of time is needed to flesh out these findings.（然而，Yaffe指出，需要一项更大规模、更长期的研究来充实这些发现。）”可知，Dr. Yaffe肯定了这项研究的意义，但同时也指出这项研究有局限性，还需进行更
59、大规模，更长时间的研究，这说明Dr. Yaffe对这一实验的态度是客观的。故选B项。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“ We need to see if cognitive function gets worse, who is most likely to experience this and what it means in terms of when brain changes appear. We cant answer those questions with such a small study.（我们需要了解认知功能是否会恶化，谁最有可能经历这种情况，以及大脑何时出现变化意
60、味着什么。我们不能用这么小的研究来回答这些问题。）”可知，划线句句意是：需要进行更大规模，更长时间的实验来丰富这方面实验的成果。故故划线短语表示“丰富”。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study should not be interpreted to mean everyone with high blood pressure is on the road to Alzheimers disease,“ she added. The brain is really complicated. There are some subtle changes in conn
61、ections shown here, but that doesnt mean the brain isnt working. There may be other ways the brain is compensating （弥补）for this.”（ “这项研究不应该被解释为每个高血压患者都在走向老年痴呆症。”她补充说，“大脑真的很复杂。这里显示的连接有一些微妙的变化，但这并不意味着大脑不工作，大脑可能还有其他的补偿方法。”）”可推断，大脑也许会以某种方式来抵消高血压对大脑产生的不利影响，故选A项。DMarket traders and street vendors （摊贩）are
62、making a comeback across China, and this time they find themselves equipped with a new set of digital skills essential to navigating the vast consumer market. To revitalize （复兴）retail stands, in a move aimed at stimulating domestic spending and stabilizing employment, the countrys leading e-commerce
63、 platforms are lending a helping hand, offering services like accessible financing backed by technologies.Domestic wholesale site 1688. com is among the first group of tech players with such offerings. At the heart of the action plan is an effort to link street vendors directly with factories, effec
64、tively avoiding middlemen and saving time and costs.According to general manager Wang Hai, numerous small-scale merchants on the site have managed to gain the upper hand in price negotiations, while manufacturers are more willing to mass-produce as the economy of scale serves to reduce costs, thus c
65、reating a win-win situation.“Data analytics also kicks in, giving traders some insight into current consumer trends so that they no longer need to operate their business purely based on intuition （直觉），and they can avoid stockpiling,“ Wang said. For instance, the most sought-after categories in marke
66、ts are daily necessities ? underwear , digital gadgets and beauty products, according to the company, whereas the most passionate buyers come from Guangdong, Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces.Meanwhile, to stabilize employment , e-commerce major JD. com vowed to add a number of job positions that eithe
67、r require flexible working hours, allow working from home or are designed to promote startup businesses. For posts related to delivery, warehouse management and packaging, priority is given to people from poverty-stricken areas.“The COVID-19 outbreak will accelerate the digital transformation of the
68、 real economy, and individual traders and smaller stores are no exception,” said Xu Lei, CEO of JDs retail unit. We have the capability and, more importantly, the responsibility to inject vitality （活力）into these entities, thus contributing to the economic rebound （回弹）and stabilizing employment.32. W
69、hat can we learn about e-commerce platforms like 1688. com?A. They have an advantage in price negotiation.B. Their efforts help street vendors cut the cost.C. They increase production through technology.D. Their services are financed by the government.33. How does data analytics benefit traders?A. B
70、y improving traders business intuition.B. By helping traders find out market trends.C. By telling traders when to stockpile goods.D. By aiding traders in controlling the market.34. Who is more likely to get a delivery job from JD?A. A person experienced in driving a truck.B. A person willing to star
71、t a new business.C. A person from an underdeveloped village.D. A person preferring flexible working hours.35. Which column of a newspaper is the passage probably taken from?A. Culture.B. World.C. Lifestyle.D. Business.【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情得到基本控制之后，网络电商平台以多种方式助力市场和地摊经济的
72、复苏。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“At the heart of the action plan is an effort to link street vendors directly with factories, effectively avoiding middlemen and saving time and costs.”（这项行动计划的核心是努力将街头小贩与工厂直接联系起来，有效避免中间商，节省时间和成本。）可知，电商平台帮助地摊老板直接联系生产商，避免中间商赚差价，从而帮助他们降低成本。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Data analytics
73、also kicks in, giving traders some insight into current consumer trends so that they no longer need to operate their business purely based on intuition （直觉），and they can avoid stockpiling”（数据分析也发挥了作用，让交易商对当前的消费趋势有了一些了解，这样他们就不必再单纯凭直觉来经营业务了，而且可以避免囤积）可知，电商平台的数据分析可以帮助商人了解客户需求，即市场的趋势，避免了盲目依靠直觉来做生意。故选B项。【
74、34题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“For posts related to delivery，warehouse management and packaging，priority is given to people from poverty-stricken areas.”（在送货、仓库管理、包装等相关岗位，优先安排贫困地区人员）可知，来自欠发达乡村的人更可能得到一份货物运输的工作。故选C项。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情得到基本控制之后，网络电商平台以多种方式助力市场和地摊经济的复苏，这属于经济范畴，因此文章内容可能出自报刊的商业（busines
75、s）板块。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项.Table manners are the ultimate way to show respect or some accidental disrespect to your host._36_ .In France, you are supposed to use two hands to eat either fork and knife or fork and bread. Bread isnt meant to be
76、an appetizer. _37_ When you eat the bread, tear off a piece of it to eat instead of biting directly into the bread. When not in use, the bread belongs on the table or tablecloth instead of the plate.Finishing everything on your plate is a no-no in many Asian countries. _38_ Leaving a small amount on
77、 your plate symbolizes that youve had your fill and acknowledges your hosts generosity._39_ So, tipping, in their culture, is rude. Even if they dont assume youre being rude, they can also be very confused by the extra money, thinking you have overpaid. Whether its a taxi driver, a server, or a bell
78、hop, dont tip them. Its not good manners.Among the local people of China and the Inuit people of Canada, a light burp （打嗝）at the end of a meal is considered a compliment, as it indicates that youve eaten well. _40_ , or never leave them upright in a bowl of rice. For this is how food is offered to t
79、he spirit of a dead person.A. Furthermore, dont lick your chopsticksB. Instead it serves to assist the food to the forkC. It suggests that your hosts didnt feed you enoughD. Many people in Japan believe that good service is standardE. In Brazil, bread and pizza are normally eaten with a fork and kni
80、fe, tooF. Here are some of the very specific dining dos and donts from around the worldG. You may also drink directly from the soup bowl spoons, however, are uncommon【答案】36. F 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同国家的餐桌礼仪以及具体就餐时的注意事项。【36题详解】由上一句“Table manners are the ultimate way to show respect
81、 or some accidental disrespect to your host.”（餐桌礼仪是对主人表示尊重或无意的不尊重的终极方式。）和下文列举的法国、许多亚洲国家、中国和加拿大的餐桌礼仪和具体就餐时的注意事项可知，本文主要讲不同国家的餐桌礼仪，以及具体就餐时的注意事项，承接上下文，F选项“以下是来自世界各地的一些非常具体的用餐注意事项”切题。故选F项。【37题详解】由上两句“In France, you are supposed to use two hands to eat either fork and knife or fork and bread. Bread isnt m
82、eant to be an appetizer.”（在法国，你应该用两只手吃饭，不是用刀叉就是用面包和叉。面包不是开胃菜。）和下两句“When you eat the bread, tear off a piece of it to eat instead of biting directly into the bread. When not in use, the bread belongs on the table or tablecloth instead of the plate.”（当你吃面包时，撕下一片面包吃，而不是直接咬面包。不用面包时，面包放在桌子或桌布上而不是盘子上。）可知，
83、上文讲在法国，面包不是开胃菜，人们可以用面包和叉来吃饭，下文讲用面包吃饭的方式，说明面包在法国不是用来吃的，而是帮助人们吃饭的工具，承接上下文，B选项“相反，它帮助我们将食物放在叉子上”切题；该选项中的“the fork”对应上文中的“fork”。故选B项。【38题详解】由上一句“Finishing everything on your plate is a no-no in many Asian countries.”（在许多亚洲国家，吃完盘子里的所有食物是不允许的。）和下一句“Leaving a small amount on your plate symbolizes that youv
84、e had your fill and acknowledges your hosts generosity.”（在你的盘子里留下一小部分食物象征着你已经吃饱了，并感谢主人的慷慨。）可知，下文讲盘子里留食物的原因和意义，所以此处会解释为什么不可以将盘子里的食物吃完的原因，承接上下文，C选项“这说明主人没有给你足够的食物”切题；该选项中的“your host”对应下文的“your host”。故选C项。【39题详解】由本段下文“So, tipping, in their culture, is rude. Even if they dont assume youre being rude, th
85、ey can also be very confused by the extra money, thinking you have overpaid. Whether its a taxi driver, a server, or a bellhop, dont tip them. Its not good manners.”（所以，在他们的文化中，给小费是不礼貌的。即使他们不认为你很粗鲁，他们也会对额外的钱感到困惑，认为你付的钱太多了。不管是出租车司机、服务员还是行李员，都不要给他们小费。这不礼貌。）可知，日本人认为服务不需要给小费，这不礼貌，因为他们认为服务是应该的，不需要多付钱，承接下
86、文，D选项“许多日本人认为良好的服务是标准的”切题。故选D项。【40题详解】由后半句“or never leave them upright in a bowl of rice”（或者永远不要把它们直立放在一碗米饭里）可知，该部分提及使用筷子的注意事项，承接下文，A选项“此外，不要舔你的筷子”切题；该选项中的“chopsticks”对应下文的“them”。故选A项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Life f
87、rom birth to death is an unbroken chain of ever-increasing, unavoidable struggles. Struggles are a kind of _41_ with which Nature forces humanity to develop, expand and progress. The education we _42_ from the struggles we face is gradually increasing. We get it a little at a time from every _43_ we
88、 encounter.Face struggles and master them. _44_ you will have the strength and wisdom for all your needs.The strongest trees in the forest arent those most _45_. They are those that must struggle against the _46_ conditions and other trees and overcome them to survive.My grandfather was a wagon （四轮马
89、车）maker. In _47_ his land for crops, he always left a few oak trees standing in the open fields where they were _48_ to the full force of the sun and strong winds. The trees that struggled against Nature were far stronger and _49_ than the protected ones deep in the forest. It was timber （木材）from th
90、e trees which had struggled _50_ he used for the wagon wheels, _51_ fear that they would break, because they had struggled and grown strong enough to _52_ the heaviest loads.Struggles force us to move when we would otherwise stand _53_. And they lead us eventually to the full realization that _54_ c
91、omes only through struggles. _55_ worthwhile in life is ever achieved without a struggle.Once we understand the broad purpose of life, we are _56_ to accept the circumstances that force us to struggle. _57_, we accept struggles for what they are - _58_, and its so rewarding when you get inspirations
92、 from struggles to live your life to the _59_ and a chance to enjoy the life which you are making so many _60_ to get.41. A. ruleB. toolC. barrierD. behavior42. A. offerB. updateC. receiveD. discover43. A. inconvenienceB. experienceC. questionD. examination44. A. ThenB. StillC. YetD. Even45. A. prev
93、entedB. endangeredC. affectedD. protected46. A. unreasonableB. unfavorableC. unfamiliarD. beneficial47. A. plantingB. turningC. ruiningD. clearing48. A. exposedB. connectedC. accustomedD. addicted49. A. tougherB. weakerC. drierD. prettier50. A. whichB. whatC. thatD. when51. A. forB. despiteC. withou
94、tD. through52. A. bearB. increaseC. removeD. lessen53. A. outsideB. straightC. apartD. still54. A. reputationB. successC. courageD. independence55. A. AnythingB. EverythingC. SomethingD. Nothing56. A. willingB. afraidC. ashamedD. surprised57. A. On the contraryB. For instanceC. As a resultD. In part
95、icular58. A. discouragementB. ambitionC. opportunitiesD. drawbacks59. A. richestB. fairestC. easiestD. fullest60. A. mistakesB. sacrificesC. decisionsD. arrangements【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. A 50. C 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. C 59. D 60. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议
96、文章。作者谈论了生活中的困难或挑战无处不在，勇敢面对并努力去战胜它们，把它们当成自己成长的机会。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：斗争是自然迫使人类发展、扩大和进步的一种手段。A. rule规则；B. tool工具，手段；C. barrier障碍；D. behavior行为。根据前文“Life from birth to death is an unbroken chain of ever-increasing, unavoidable struggles.”可知，生活中的困难无处不在，不可避免。斗争是促使人类发展、扩张和进步一种“手段”，符合句意。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析
97、。句意：我们从我们面临的斗争中得到的教育正在逐渐增加。A. offer提供；B. update更新；C. receive得到，接收；D. discover发现。根据句意以及设空处后一句中的“get”提示，此处应指“得到”教育。故选C项。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们从我们遇到的每一次经历中得到一点。A. inconvenience不便；B. experience经验，经历；C. question问题；D. examination检查，考试。根据前文“The education we _2_ from the struggles we face is gradually increa
98、sing.”可知，我们面对的斗争即指我们每一次遇到的经历。故选B项。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这样你就有足够的力量和智慧满足你的需要。A. Then然后，那么；B. Still仍然；C. Yet然而；D. Even甚至。选项A承接上文“Face struggles and master them.（面对困难并掌控他们。）”引起下文“you will have the strength and wisdom for all your needs.（你就有足够的力量和智慧满足你的需要）”，上文是下文的条件，下文是条件下的结果。Then用于句首，符合句意。故选A项。【45题详解】考查过去
99、分词词义辨析。句意：森林中最强壮的树并不是那些最受保护的树。A. prevented阻止；B. endangered 危害；C. affected影响；D. protected保护。根据句意及后文“The trees that struggled against Nature were far stronger and _9_ than the protected ones deep in the forest.”中的“protected”原词复现可知，此处是指“森林中最强壮的树并不是最受保护的”。故选D项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而是那些必须与不利的环境和其他树斗争并克服它们
100、才能生存下来的树。A. unreasonable不合理的；B. unfavorable不利的；C. unfamiliar不熟悉的；D. beneficial有益的。根据前文“They are those that must struggle”和后文“and overcome them to survive”可知，此处指与“不利”条件做斗争。故选B项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在为种庄稼而清理土地时，他总是在开阔的田野里留下几棵橡树，让它们充分暴露在阳光和强风下。A. planting种植；B. turning改变；C. ruining毁坏；D. clearing清理。根据后文“ f
101、or crops”可知，此处指为种庄稼而“清理”土地，故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在为种庄稼而清理土地时，他总是在开阔的田野里留下几棵橡树，让它们充分暴露在阳光和强风下。A. exposed暴露；B. connected联系；C. accustomed习惯于；D. addicted对有瘾。根据上文“in the open fields”和下文“the full force of the sun and strong winds”可知，此处指让它们充分“暴露”在阳光和强风中。故选A项。【49题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：那些与大自然抗争的树木要比森林深处受保护的树木
102、强壮得多。A. tougher更艰难的，更坚强的，更健壮的； B. weaker更弱的；C. drier更干燥的；D. prettier更漂亮的。根据上下文及生活常识可知，与大自然抗争的树木比森林深处受保护的树木要更加强壮和坚韧。故选A项。【50题详解】考查强调句句型。句意：他用那些曾经挣扎过的树木做成车轮，不用担心它们会折断，因为它们已经挣扎过，变得足够强壮，可以承受最重的东西。分析句子可知。此处为强调句型，其结构为：It was+被强调部分+that从句。故选C项。【51题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他用那些曾经挣扎过的树木做成车轮，不用担心它们会折断，因为它们已经挣扎过，变得足够强壮，
103、可以承受最重的东西。A. for为了；B. despite尽管；C. without没有，不；D. through通过。由句意可知，祖父用经过日晒雨淋考验的木材做车轮，那种木材很结实，不用担心它会坏。故选C项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他用那些曾经挣扎过的树木做成车轮，不用担心它们会折断，因为它们已经挣扎过，变得足够强壮，可以承受最重的东西。A. bear忍受，承受；B. increase增加；C. remove去掉，脱下；D. lessen变小，减弱。由上文“because they had struggled and grown strong enough”可知，此处指足够强壮
104、，能“承受”重量。故选A项。【53题详解】考查副词形容词词义辨析。句意：斗争迫使我们前进，否则我们会停滞不前。A. outside外面的，在外面；B. straight直的，笔直地；C. apart分离的；D. still不动的，静止的。根据前文“Struggles force us to move”以及连词“otherwise”可知，此处指如果没有斗争，我们就会“停滞不前”。故选D项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们最终引导我们充分认识到，只有奋斗才能取得成功。A. reputation名声，名誉；B. success成功；C. courage勇敢；D. independence独
105、立。根据上文作者举的事例可知，只有通过斗争，才能“成功”。故选B项。【55题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：生活中没有任何有价值的东西是不经过奋斗就能得到的。A. Anything任何事情；B. Everything一切；C. Something某事；D. Nothing什么也没有。根据上文作者举的事例可知，“没有任何有价值的东西”是不经历困难就能获得的。故选D项。【56题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦我们理解了生活的远大目标，我们就愿意接受迫使我们奋斗的环境。A. willing愿意的；B. afraid害怕的；C. ashamed羞耻的；D. surprised吃惊的。根据上文主题
106、可知，斗争才会更加坚强，才能走向成功。所以一旦理解了生命的意义，我们就会愿意接受困难的挑战。故选A项。【57题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，我们接受奋斗的本质机遇，当你从奋斗中得到灵感，活得充实，有机会享受你付出许多牺牲换来的生活时，这是非常值得的。 A. On the contrary相反；B. For instance例如；C. As a result结果；D. In particular特别是。由上下文句意可知，前后两句是因果关系。故选C项。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们接受奋斗的本质机遇，当你从奋斗中得到灵感，活得充实，有机会享受你付出许多牺牲换来的生活时，
107、这是非常值得的。A. discouragement挫折；B. ambition雄心；C. opportunities机会；D. drawbacks缺点。由下文内容可知，我们接受困难，进行斗争，因为它是成功的“机会”，后文的复现词chance也可提示。故选C项。【59题详解】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：因此，我们接受奋斗的本质机遇，当你从奋斗中得到灵感，活得充实，有机会享受你付出许多牺牲换来的生活时，这是非常值得的。 A. richest最富有的；B. fairest最公正的；C. easiest最容易的；D. fullest最满的。“live ones life to the fulles
108、t”意为“把生活过得充实”，to the fullest“充分地，尽可能地”是固定搭配。故选D项。【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们接受奋斗的本质机遇，当你从奋斗中得到灵感，活得充实，有机会享受你付出许多牺牲换来的生活时，这是非常值得的。A. mistakes错误；B. sacrifices牺牲；C. decisions决策；D. arrangements安排。根据句意可知，得到机会去享受生活，这种生活是你从斗争中得到的，斗争必然要付出许多牺牲。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One are
109、a in which AI (Artificial Intelligence) influences global health is in the field of epidemiology (流行病学). Startup AIME has _61_(success) combined public health data with machine learning and AI_62_(create) a prediction engine capable of anticipating epidemics months in advance with great _63_(accurat
110、e). Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances _64_ (be) in diagnostics. Doctors base a lot of decisions _65_ information from X-ray, CT and MRI images. Speeding up _66_(diagnosis) from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and outcomes. Governments in many countries face the
111、 prospect of ageing populations. So _67_ we will likely see is the expansion of Al services, including robotic helpers. Robots_68_(design) specifically to interact with people could help solve the problems of isolation and loneliness that affect many older people. Pet androids like Aibo provide comp
112、anionship and learn from _69_(they) interactions about each owners preferences. More humanoid robots are able to provide social interaction, be a personal assistant and look after _70_ elderly, according to its makers.【答案】61. successfully 62. to create 63. accuracy 64. is 65. on/upon 66. diagnoses 6
113、7. what 68. designed 69. their 70. the【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在医疗领域的几个用途。【61题详解】考查副词。句意：初创公司AIME成功地将公共卫生数据与机器学习和人工智能结合起来，创建了一个预测引擎，能够提前几个月非常准确地预测流行病。修饰动词combine应用副词successfully，作状语。故填successfully。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：初创公司AIME成功地将公共卫生数据与机器学习和人工智能结合起来，创建了一个预测引擎，能够提前几个月非常准确地预测流行病。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形
114、式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to create。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：初创公司AIME成功地将公共卫生数据与机器学习和人工智能结合起来，创建了一个预测引擎，能够提前几个月非常准确地预测流行病。此处作宾语，表示“准确”应用名词accuracy，表抽象概念，不可数。故填accuracy。【64题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：医疗人工智能取得快速进展的另一个领域是诊断。陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为field，谓语动词用单数。故填is。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：医生根据X光、CT和MRI图像的信息做出很多决定。结合句意表示“根据做决定”可知短语为base decisions
115、 on/upon。故填on/upon。【66题详解】考查名词的数。句意：从病人扫描加速诊断可以迅速改善病人的护理和结果。diagnosis为可数名词，根据后文from patient scans可知诊断不止一个，应用复数diagnoses。故填diagnoses。【67题详解】考查主语从句。句意：因此，我们很可能会看到人工智能服务的扩展，包括机器人助手。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指看到的事物应用what引导。故填what。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专门为与人互动而设计的机器人可以帮助解决许多老年人所面临的孤立和孤独问题。分析句子结构可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻
116、辑主语Robots构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填designed。【69题详解】考查代词。句意：像Aibo这样的宠物机器人可以提供陪伴，并从他们的互动中了解每个主人的喜好。修饰后文名词interactions，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。【70题详解】考查冠词。句意：制造商表示，更多类人机器人能够提供社交互动、充当私人助理和照顾老人。此处为“the+形容词”表示一类人，表示“老人”为the elderly。故填the。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修
117、改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（ ）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第H处起）不计分。Dear Mr. Mayor,I am a student from Xinhua High School. I am writing to suggest that building a pedestrian bridge in front of our s
118、chool gate.Every day, thousands of students need cross the street, which usually leads to a big traffic jam during the busily hours. As for students, it will be the waste of time to wait for a dangerous chance to cross the road with cars pass by very fast. More importantly, in the past few years, th
119、ere had been tens of accidents involving students, in many of them students were severely injured or even killed. But if it is a pedestrian bridge, the traffic pressure will be eased, and students secure can be guaranteed.I sincerely hope you can take my advice for account.Respectfully yours,Li Hua【
120、答案】1. 去掉that2. 在need和cross中间加to 3. busily busy4. the a5. pass passing 6. had have7. them which或在in 前面加and 8 it there9. secure security10.for into【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。是李华写给市长的一封信，建议在学校门前建一座人行天桥。信中陈述了建人行天桥的必要性和好处。【详解】1.考查suggest的用法。句意：我写信的目的是建议在我们学校门前建一座人行天桥。“建议做某事”是suggest doing sth. 动词suggest后用动名词作宾语，而非宾语
121、从句，故删除that。2.考查不定式。句意：每天，成千上万的学生需要过马路，这通常会在繁忙的时间造成严重的交通堵塞。此处need用在肯定句中作实义动词，需用不定式to do作need的宾语。故在need和cross中间加to。3. 考查形容词。句意：每天，成千上万的学生需要过马路，这通常会在繁忙的时间造成严重的交通堵塞。修饰名词hours用形容词作定语，故busily改为busy。4. 考查冠词。句意：对于学生来说，等待一个危险的机会穿过汽车疾驰的马路是浪费时间 。“浪费时间”是a waste of time，故the改为a。5. 考查with的复合结构。句意：对于学生来说，等待一个危险的机会
122、穿过汽车疾驰的马路是浪费时间 。此处是with复合宾语结构中的非谓语动词，宾语cars和动词pass构成主动关系，故pass改为passing。6.考查动词时态。句意：更重要的是，在过去的几年中，发生了数十起涉及学生的事故，其中许多学生严重受伤甚至死亡。时间状语in the past few years常与现在完成时连用。故had改为have。7.考查定语从句或并列句。句意：更重要的是，在过去的几年中，发生了数十起涉及学生的事故，其中许多学生严重受伤甚至死亡。句中包含定语从句，先行词是accidents指物，在介词后用关系代词which引导定语从句。也可以把前后句看成并列句，用and连接。故t
123、hem改为which或在in 前面加and。8.考查固定句型。句意：但是如果有了人行天桥，交通压力就会减轻，学生的安全也能得到保障。此处表示“有”是there be句型，故it改为there。 9.考查名词。句意：但是如果有了人行天桥，交通压力就会减轻，学生的安全也能得到保障。在句中作主语且由students 修饰用名词，故secure改为security。10.考查固定短语。句意：我真诚地希望你能考虑一下我的建议。“考虑到”是短语take. into account，故for改为into。第二节书面表达（满分25分）72. 假如你是李华，刚结束交换生生活回到中国，请给你在英国的寄宿家庭写一封
124、邮件，感谢Black夫妇一年来的照顾和帮助，内容包括：1.报平安；2.表达谢意（生活上的照顾；学习上的帮助等）；3.邀请对方到中国旅游。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。【答案】Dear Mr. and Mrs. Black，I am writing to inform you that I have arrived home safely and express my sincere gratitude for your taking good care of meI still remember，when I first
125、arrived in London，I had such a terrible homesick that I even wanted to give up halfwayYou tried to comfort me. Not only did you learn and make Chinese food for me ,but also took me to your family partiesAlthough you were very busy，you never failed to spare time to show me around the city. Besides, y
126、ou often practice spoken English with me，which helps me a lot in my studiesI sincerely hope you can pay a visit to China someday，and I will be your guide thenYours，Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封感谢信。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：感谢信 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 给Black夫妇报平安，
127、并说明写信原因：感谢Black夫妇的照顾2. 对Black夫妇表达感谢 生活上的照顾：我想家时安慰我，为我做中餐，带我游览学习上的帮助：帮助我练习英语口语3. 邀请Black夫妇到中国旅游 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） inform；express sincere gratitude for ；arrive in；have a terrible homesick；give up ； fail to do；spare time to do；show sb. around ；practice spoken English；pay a visit to 第三步：连词成句(1)I am writing
128、 to inform you that I have arrived home safely and express my sincere gratitude for your taking good care of me(2)When I first arrived in London，I had such a terrible homesick that I even wanted to give up halfway(3)You tried to comfort me. (4)Not only did you learn and make Chinese food for me ,but
129、 also took me to your family parties(5)Although you were very busy，you never failed to spare time to show me around the city. (6) You often practice spoken English with me，which helps me a lot in my studies(7)I sincerely hope you can pay a visit to China someday.(8)I will be your guide then根据提示及关键词（
130、组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇 1 .表并列关系:not only but also2.表递进关系：besides 4.表结果状语：such that【点睛】高分句型1I had such a terrible homesick that I even wanted to give up halfway（such that引导结果状语从句）高分句型2Not only did you learn and make Chinese food for me ,but also took me to your family parties（not onlybut also引导的倒装句式）高分句型3You often practice spoken English with me，which helps me a lot in my studies（which引导非限制性定语从句）