1、Unit 2 Cloning.【立体记单词 快速识记】1._(vt.)获得;赢得2._(adv.)总共;完全地3._(vt.)欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于4._(vt.)打扰;(vi.)操心;(n.)烦扰5._(adj.)虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的obtainaltogetherowebothervain6._(adj.)简单的;直接的;坦率的7._(n.)突破8._(vt.)获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)9._(vt.)崇拜;爱慕;喜爱10._(vt.)扔;投;掷_/_(过去式/过去分词)straightforwardbreakthroughattainadorecastcast cast11
2、._(vi.)不同;相异_(adj.)不同的;与众不同的_(n.)差异;不同12._(vt.)着手;从事;承担_(过去式)_(过去分词)13._(vi.)反对;不赞成_(n.)不赞成;反对;异议differdifferentdifferenceundertakeundertookundertakenobjectobjection14._(vt.)禁止;不准_(过去式)_(过去分词)15._(vi.&vt.&n.)打;撞击;罢工_/_(过去式/过去分词)16._(vt.)抵抗;对抗_(n.)抵抗,对抗_(adj.)有抵抗力的;抵制的forbidforbade/forbadforbiddenstr
3、ikestruck struckresistresistanceresistant17._(vi.)退休;离开_(n.)退休;引退18._(n.)假定;设想_(vt.)假定;设想retireretirementassumptionassume【语境应用】用所给词的适当形式填空Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no _ to it,while his father _ to it.(object)objectionobjectedFrom the appearance,we can not tell the _
4、 between the twins,though they always have some _ ideas.And as for this phenomenon,ideas _ among many people.(differ)Dont _ that you are a princess and stop living in _ any more.(assume)differencesdifferentdifferassumeassumptions.【多维练短语 查缺补漏】1._ 得到好结果;取得成功;偿清2._反对3._赞成;支持4._ 一定或注定(做)5._不时;偶尔pay offo
5、bject toin favour of(be)bound to(do).from time to time6._使复生;使复活7.cast down_8.strike.into ones heart_9.in vain_10.in good/poor condition_bring back to life使沮丧;使失望使刻骨铭心白费力气;枉费心机状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)11.owe.to._12.have a great impact on_把归功于对有很大影响【语境应用】选用上面的短语填空His parents tried to persuade him not to give u
6、p his well-paid job,but their efforts were _.Some people are _the development of cloning technique.We have a strong belief that cloning will _.in vainin favour ofpay off.【超级仿句式 模仿经典】1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.(that引导的同位语从句)【仿写】消息传来,2022年冬奥会将在北京举行。Word came _i
7、n Beijing.that the 2022 Olympic Winter Gameswill be held2.However,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.(whether引导的宾语从句)【仿写】我不在乎您明天是否来。I dont care _tomorrow.whether you come or not3.What do you think is the writers point of view in this reading passa
8、ge?(疑问词+插入语+其他部分)【仿写】这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣?_is the most interesting?Which part of this book do you think.【必考重点单词】1.object vi.反对;不赞成n.物体;目标【思维激活 试一试】单句语法填空(2016浙江高考)It brings out important evidence about how physical _(object)interact.objects【知识构建 记一记】(1)object to(sb./sth.)反对(某人/某事)object to doing sth.反对做某事
9、(2)objection n.不赞成;反对;异议have/take/make an objection to(doing)sth.对(做)某事表示反对(3)objective adj.真实的,客观的,无偏见的He has a strong objection to getting up early.他强烈反对早起。Many people object to experimentation on animals.许多人反对用动物做实验。【拓展延伸】object表示“反对”时,为不及物动词,加宾语时需要加介词tooppose表示“反对”时,为及物动词,可以直接加宾语,be opposed to表示
10、“反对;和相反”2.forbid vt.(forbade/forbad,forbidden,forbidding)禁止,不准,不许【思维激活 试一试】Drug chains will be _ _ selling prescription medicines on the Internet,according to a draft regulation released by China Food and Drug Administration.根据中国国家食品药品监督管理总局公布的一项规定草案,药品连锁店将被禁止通过网络销售处方药。forbidden from【知识构建 记一记】forbid
11、 sb.sth.禁止某人某事forbid doing sth.禁止做某事My father forbade me from meeting/to meet my friends online at the Internet cafe.我父亲禁止我去网吧见我的网友。He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.作为惩罚,他被禁止离开基地。【拓展延伸】与forbid用法类似的动词还有:3.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于【思维激活 试一试】He _ _ _ _ _ plenty of exercise and a regular l
12、ife.他把身体健康归功于大量的锻炼和规律的生活。owes his good health to【知识构建 记一记】owe.to.把归功于owe sth.to sb.=owe sb.sth.欠某人某物owing to因为The plant still owes$50,000 to the bank.这家工厂仍欠银行5万美元。Owing to my lack of experience,I didnt do the work well.由于缺乏经验,我没有把工作做好。4.strike vt.&vi.打;撞击;罢工;袭击;报时;划(火柴)n.罢工【思维激活 试一试】The visitors _ _
13、 _ the beauty of the tourist area.游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。were struck by【知识构建 记一记】be struck by/with.被击中;被打动It strikes sb.that.某人突然想起be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工It was reported that half a million workers were on strike in that country.据报道,在那个国家,有五十万工人举行了罢工。It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new p
14、lan.我突然想到,我们应该制订一个新的方案。【对接高考 做一做】(2016北京高考)The children of Nome would be helpless if it _ _ _(袭击城镇).(2016全国卷)Just before September,Miller _ _(被撞)by a car and lost his right arm.struck the townwas struck【要点拾遗】1.bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰【思维激活 试一试】Garen doesnt _ _ _ such matters.对于这类事,盖伦不会去操心。bother hims
15、elf about【知识构建 记一记】(1)bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother with/about sth.为某事烦恼bother to do sth.费心/特意做某事Dont bother.不用费心了/不用麻烦了。(2)put sb.to any bother给某人添乱You dont bother to get dinner for me today;Ill eat out.今天你不用费心为我做饭了,我出去吃。You neednt bother about coming up;Ill look after him.你不用特意来了,我会照料他
16、。I dont want to put him to any bother,so I try doing it by myself.我不想给他添乱,所以我试着靠自己做这件事。【对接高考 做一做】(2013辽宁高考)Im afraid you have the wrong number.Sorry!I hope _(没有打扰你).I didnt bother you2.differ vi.不一致,不同,相异,不同意,意见不同【思维激活 试一试】I am sorry to _ _ you _ that question.对不起,在那个问题上,我与你的看法不一样。differ fromon【知识构建
17、 记一记】(1)differ with sb.on sth.和某人在某事上意见不同differ in.在上不同differ from与不同(2)different adj.不同的be different from.in.在方面与不同(3)differencen.不同,差异the difference between A and BA和B之间的不同The two brothers differ in their judgment of this piece of music.兄弟俩对这首曲子的评价不一。American English is different from British Engl
18、ish in spelling and pronunciation.美国英语与英国英语在拼写和发音上有所不同。3.obtain vt.获得;赢得【思维激活 试一试】Further information can be obtained from head office.译:_更多的资料可以从总部得到。【明晰异同 辨一辨】obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过长时间而得到所需要的东西achieve强调通过极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术、知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西After
19、the country gained independence,it achievedgreat success in economy and obtained recognition of the world.这个国家赢得独立后,在经济方面获得了巨大成功,并得到了世界的认可。4.resist vt.抵抗;对抗;抗拒;抵制;忍住【思维激活 试一试】The boy couldnt _ _ _ his being praised by the teacher on arriving home.一到家,这个男孩就忍不住炫耀起自己受到了老师的表扬。resist showing off【知识构建 记一记
20、】resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事Many young people could not resist the spiritual pollution.很多年轻人不能抵制精神污染。【对接高考 做一做】(2015湖北高考)David Brooks,author of The SocialAnimal appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed _(resist)the temptation.(填空)Make sure you _ the urge to answer every messag
21、e you receive.务必确保你要忍住不去回复你收到的每一条短信。to resistresist【即学即练】.单句语法填空1.They are _(differ)from each other.2.Even at 70,Alice is still a _(strike)woman.3.The flight was delayed _(owe)to technical reasons.4.In table 1 are listed the data _(obtain).5.Tom considered _(resist),then gave up.differentstrikingowi
22、ngobtainedresisting.题组训练1.forbid用所给动词的适当形式填空They forbade their children _(play)computer games.to playThe manager forbids _(smoke)during office hours.We were forbidden _(look)out of the window when the train was moving.smokingto look2.owe完成句子The young writer _(把他的成功归功于)his teachers encouragement.It w
23、as _(由于天气不好)that I was late.owed his success toowing to the bad weather.【热考短语句式】1.pay off 取得成功,达到目的;偿清;(付清工资后)解雇【思维激活 试一试】My persistence finally _ _ when they called me in for an interview.我的坚持终于有了回报,他们打电话来要我参加面试了。paid off【知识构建 记一记】pay for 为付款pay back还钱;报复pay a visit to拜访pay attention to注意He had to
24、work part-time so as to pay for his education.他必须做兼职工作来支付学费。That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。【误区点拨 悟一悟】pay off表示“得到回报;取得成功”时为不及物动词短语,不用于被动语态。【对接高考 做一做】(2016北京高考)This work is starting to _ _.这项工作开始取得成功。pay off2.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had
25、become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。【思维激活 试一试】仿写句子The news _ was encouraging.我们篮球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。that our basketball team had won thematch【知识构建 记一记】(1)that引导同位语从句,对被修饰词进行解释说明,that仅起连接的作用,无意义,但不能省略。(2)常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词有:fact,news,notice,hope,idea,doubt,thought等。(3)在suggestion,advice,request,order等意为“建议、要求、
26、命令”的词后,同位语从句的谓语动词通常为:should+do,should 可以省略。The news that sales on Alibaba reached more than RMB 57 billion on Singles Day was amazing.阿里巴巴光棍节一天的销售额达到570多亿人民币的消息令人吃惊。(2016北京高考)Universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.大学已经同意了提供和家庭一样的环境的想法
27、。【拓展延伸】that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别(1)同位语从句中的that仅起连接的作用,无意义,但不能省略。(2)定语从句中的that一方面起引导从句的作用,另一方面在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语。例如:*The news that the world would end soon is not true.世界快要灭亡的消息不是真的。(同位语从句)*The news that he told us last night was not true.他昨晚告诉我们的消息不是真的。(定语从句)【要点拾遗】1.cast down 使沮丧;使失望【思维激活 试一试】He _ _ _ to h
28、ear the news.听到这个消息他很沮丧。was cast down【知识构建 记一记】cast away 丢弃,抛弃;使失事cast off抛弃;解开(缆绳等)cast out赶走;驱逐They cast away the equipment they would not need.他们把不用的设备全部丢弃了。Dont cast out the foul water till you bring in the clean.清水未来,莫泼脏水。2.in vain 白费力气;枉费心机【思维激活 试一试】I tried to make his peace with her,but _ _.我
29、试图使他与她和好,但还是白费力气。in vain【知识构建 记一记】in advance 提前in charge主管in debt负债in order井然有序in return作为回报in danger处于危险状态Before visiting him,I called him up in advance.在拜访他之前,我先打电话给他。He was always ready to help others,in return,he was liked by everyone.他总是乐于助人,作为回报,大家都喜欢他。【对接高考 做一做】(2015湖南高考)I tried every means t
30、o get them to be quiet but in vain.译:_(2013江苏高考)A man is trying to help him out of trouble,but _ _.一个人正竭力帮助他摆脱困境,但是无济于事。我想尽一切办法让他们安静下来,但枉费心机。in vain3.in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏;情况很好/坏【思维激活 试一试】The car has been well maintained and is _ _ _.这辆车一直保养得很好,车况极佳。in good condition【知识构建 记一记】out of conditio
31、n 健康状况欠佳on condition that.在条件下;倘若on no condition一点也不;决不(放在句首时,用部分倒装语序)On no condition can we deny that the Diaoyu Islands have been an integral part of Chinas territory for centuries.我们决不能否认,几个世纪以来钓鱼岛一直是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Having been out of condition for several weeks,he decided not to travel.由于几周来健康状况不佳,
32、他决定不去旅游了。【即学即练】完成句子1.I would consider studying abroad,_(倘若)I get a scholarship.2.You _(肯定能成功)if you learn more useful sentence patterns.on condition thatare bound to succeed3.Considering the high expense,I decide to _(反对这项计划).4.Li Feng won the first prize in the national English competition.Oh,reall
33、y?Im glad that _(她的努力最终得到了回报).object to the planher efforts at last paid off5.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _(赞成这个建议).6.Then came the news _(我们获胜了).7.Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away _(小偷逃跑了).in favour of itthat we had wonfled the thief.教材与语法填空根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内
34、单词的正确形式。Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is that gardeners use it 1._(produce)commercial quantities of plants.The other is that it is 2._(value)for research on new species and for medical research on animals.However,the process of cloning
35、is difficult 3._(undertake).to producevaluableto undertakeMany 4._(attempt)to clone mammals failed.The first successful clone,Dolly the sheep,made the whole 5._(science)world follow its progress,though it had more problems 6._ the normal sheep.On the other hand,Dollys appearance 7._(raise)a storm of
36、 objections and had a greatattemptsscientificthanraisedimpact 8._ the media and public imagination.Different people have different opinions on it.9._,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and 10._ it is leading us.on/uponHoweverwhere.教材与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两
37、处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals have always excited film makers.And they are not the only one.The popularity of the film JurassicPark proves how interesting ordinary people are in the subject.It is a film in that a scientist clones several kind of exti
38、nct dinosaurs.In fact,we are long way from being able to clone extinct animals.From time totime people suggested that the animals that have disappeared from the earth,can be brought back to the life through cloning.Unfortunately,based on what we know,it is possible.So dinosaurs returned to the earth
39、 is merely a dream.答案:1.第一句的havehas。2.第二句的oneones。3.第三句的interestinginterested。4.第四句的thatwhich。5.第四句的kindkinds。6.第五句的long前加a。7.第六句的suggestedsuggest。8.第六句life前的the去掉。9.第七句的possibleimpossible。10.第八句的returnedreturning。.教材与话题写作 请根据以下信息写一篇人们关于克隆的争议的短 文。Step 1补全句子1.人们在克隆技术上分歧相当大。People _ greatly _ cloning
40、technique.differin2.一些人支持它的发展。Some people _its development.3.他们认为它一定会有利于我们。They believe it will _benefit us.are in favour ofbe bound to4.还有一些人发现克隆技术能引起一系列的道德问题。Other people find that it could _.5.当所有的人都答应合理应用克隆技术时,克隆才会取得 成功。When all _cloning properly,_.raise a series of moralquestionsundertake to us
41、eit will payoffStep 2词句优化6.把句2和句3用定语从句改为一句话_Some people who are in favour of its developmentbelieve it will be bound to benefit us.7.把句5改为倒装句_Only when all undertake to use it properly will cloningpay off.Step 3连句成篇 People differ greatly in cloning technique.Some people who are in favour of its development believe it will be bound to benefit us.On the contrary,otherpeople find that it could raise a series of moral questions.However,in my opinion,only when all undertake to use it properly will cloning pay off.