1、话题词汇1invention n发明2progress n进步3digital adj.数字的4breakthrough n突破5technical adj.技术的6automatic adj.自动的7make a study of 研究8shop online 网上购物9surf the Internet 网上冲浪10browse the web page 浏览网页话题佳作目前，科技的发展如此之快已超出了我们的想象，克隆技术成为世界上最先进的技术之一。针对这一技术，有人支持，有人反对。假设你是李华，你的笔友 Mike 来信询问你对克隆的看法，请根据下面的表格，给他写一封回信。支持反对你的看法
2、？1.制造器官挽救生命(如：治愈癌症)；2.帮助不能生育的人拥有孩子；3.帮助想克隆自己去世的亲人的人。1.对人生命不尊重，生命将不再唯一；2.在动物界创造出更多的疾病；3.使地球人口激增。佳作欣赏Dear Mike，Glad to receive your letter.Cloning is one of the most advanced technologies.But differentpeople have different opinions.Some people are in favor of it，thinking the technology is beneficial.F
3、irstly，it can be usedto produce organs to cure diseases like cancer.Secondly，it can help those who cant have a babybut want one.Besides，it can help those wanting to clone their dead relatives.However，a few people object to it.They believe cloning shows no respect for human life，and human life would
4、no longer be unique.More seriously，it would create more diseases in theanimal world and cause Earths population to increase fast.In my opinion，although the technique is of benefit，cloning humans should be cautious.Yours，Li Hua名师点睛本文第一段提出话题，第二段说明克隆的优点，第三段是克隆的缺点，第四段是表述作者自己的观点。中间两段要点齐全，表达清晰明确，使用短语、句型准确
5、。最后一段是作者自己的观点，观点明确，不含糊，给出了自己的令人信服的理由。文章中使用了现在分词作状语和定语、定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等复杂句式。文中一些高级词汇也给短文增加了不少亮点，如：in favor of，beneficial，object to，show no respect for，be of benefit 等。同时，firstly，secondly，besides 等的使用使作者在列举观点时条理清晰，自然流畅。A写作必记单词1differ vi.不同；相异(1)The story he told the police differed from(和不同)the one he
6、told his mother.(2)They differ in size but not in kind.这些东西的区别只是大小不同而实质一样。2exact adj.精确的；准确的(1)not exactly 不确切；不完全；不全对；(口语)决不(2)Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do.科学家们仍然不是很清楚基因是怎样影响衰老的，但他们相信基因确实对衰老有影响。(2016四川)3object vi.反对；不赞成(1)objection n不
7、赞成；反对；异议(2)object to 反对(3)He has a strong objection to leaving early.他极力反对早动身。4obtain vt.获得；赢得5owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于(1)owe.to.欠；把归功于owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉(2)The harbour survived the storm owing to the arms of the bay.由于海湾的保护，海港躲过了暴风雨。(3)He helped you a lot.You owe it to him to invite him to dinner
8、.(填代词)6retire vi.退休；离开(1)retirement n退休；离开(2)Leroy Chiao,54，an American retired(retire)astronaut after four flights，describes what happenseven before you float out of your seat.(2015湖北)7bother vt.打扰；vi.操心；n.烦扰(1)bother sb.with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人have much bother(in)doing sth.费劲/麻烦做某事(2)Dont bother
9、to get/getting(get)dinner for me.用法点拨表示“费心做某事”，其后可接不定式或动名词作宾语。有时还可在 bother 后加反身代词。8strike vi.&vt.打；撞击；罢工；n.罢工(1)Struck(strike)by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit thesmall old town again.(2)It strikes me that you are not serious about it.(填代词)(3)Staff at the h
10、ospital went on strike(举行罢工)in protest at the incidents.(4)A good idea struck me yesterday.(同义句转换)I struck on a good idea yesterday.9resist vt.抵抗；对抗(1)The child resisted being carried(carry)off.(2)There is still much resistance to carrying out this plan.(填介词)10reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的(1)reason s
11、b.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事(2)The reason why he didnt come was that he was ill.(填连接词)(3)This is the reason that he gave me for being late.(填连接词)B阅读识记单词11undertake vt.着手；从事；承担undertake to do.答应做12breakthrough n突破13procedure n程序；步骤；手续process n过程；进行；方法；步骤；程序；vt.加工；处理14altogether adv.总共；完全地15cons
12、ervative adj.保守的；守旧的16forbid vt.禁止；不准My father forbade me to watch TV.(同义句转换)My father forbade my watching TV.My father forbade me from watching TV.17accumulate vt.&vi.积累；聚积accumulation n积累；累积；堆积物18compulsory adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的19assumption n假定；设想(1)Assuming(assume)that it is true，what should we do
13、 now?(2)It is generally assumed(普遍认为)that stress is caused by too much work.(3)The project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。用法点拨assuming conj.假如，假设，引导条件状语从句。20regulation n规则；规章；法规regular adj.有规律的；规则的；定期的；经常的21initial adj.最初的；开始的initially adv.开始；最初22va
14、in adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的in vain 白费力气；枉费心机23drawback n缺点；不利条件24decoration n装饰decorate v装饰25adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱He adores going to parties.他喜欢参加各种聚会。用法点拨adore 后接动词时用动名词形式。1pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清This work is starting to pay off.The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38%in2000 to 5.4%in 2011.工作取
15、得了成功，成年秃鹰的年死亡率从 2000 年的 38%下降到 2011 年的 5.4%。(2016北京)2cast down 使失望；使沮丧She was much cast down at the moment.她当时非常沮丧。3in favour of 赞成；支持in ones favour 对某人有利do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙4(be)bound to(do).一定或注定(做)5strike.into ones heart 使刻骨铭心6from time to time 不时；偶尔7bring back to life 使复生；使复活
16、8in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)1It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones.当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝来培植新植物时，它(克隆)就发生了。2Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了令人烦恼的消息多莉得了重病。3Could it be solved if corrections were made in their
17、research procedure?如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决呢？4However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it isleading us.然而，科学家们仍然想知道克隆技术是会帮助我们还是伤害我们，以及它将把我们引向何处。5The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others willsurvive and pass on the ability
18、to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果产生一种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并将这种抵抗能力传给下一代。.教材与语法填空Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of 1.another animal or plant.2.It has two majoruses.One is that gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants.The other is that it is3.
19、valuable(value)for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However，the process of cloning is difficult 4.to undertake(undertake)The first successful clone，Dolly the sheep,5.made(make)the whole scientific world follow itsprocess，though it had 6.more(many)problems than the no
20、rmal sheep.But on the other hand，Dollys 7.appearance(appear)raised a storm of objections and had a great impact 8.on the mediaand public imagination.Different people have different opinions on it.9.However，scientists stillwonder whether cloning will help or harm us and 10.where it is leading us.教材与短
21、文改错The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals have always excited filmmakers.And they are not the only one.The popularity of the film Jurassic Park proves howinteresting ordinary people are in the subject.It is a film in that a scientist clones several kind ofextinct dinosaurs.In fac
22、t，we are long way from being able to clone extinct animals.From time totime people suggested that the animals that have disappeared from the earth，can be brought back tothe life through cloning.Unfortunately，based on what we know now，it is possible.So dinosaursreturned to the earth is merely a dream
23、.答案The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals havehasalways excited filmmakers.And they are not the only oneones.The popularity of the film Jurassic Park proves howinterestinginterested ordinary people are in the subject.It is a film inthatwhich a scientist clones several kindkindsof
24、 extinct dinosaurs.In fact，we are a long way from being able to clone extinct animals.Fromtime to time people suggestedsuggestthat the animals that have disappeared from the earth，can bebrought back to the life through cloning.Unfortunately，based on what we know now，it ispossibleimpossible.So dinosa
25、urs returnedreturning to the earth is merely a dream.教材与微写作写作素材(关于克隆)1现在许多国家研究克隆。2人们对克隆有不同的看法。3有些人很沮丧，他们认为这在伦理上是不合理的，应该被禁止。4实际上许多国家从事克隆研究并且已经取得了重大的突破，所以我们无法抗拒它。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用 because 引导的原因状语从句，that 引导的宾语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇 50 词左右的英语短文)Nowadays many countries do research on cloning.Peoples ideas
26、 of cloning differ.Some feelcast down because they think that it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden.Actuallymany countries undertake the research on cloning and have obtained great breakthrough，andtherefore we are unable to resist it.阅读理解A machine that takes sweat-laden(浸满汗水的)clothes
27、and turns the sweat into drinking wateris in use in Sweden.The machine makes the clothes turn round quickly，heats them to remove thesweat，and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified water.Since it has been brought into use，its creators say more than 1,000 people hav
28、e drunkothers“sweat”in Gothenburg.They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.The device was built for the United Nations child-focused charity UNICEF to promote acampaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.The machine was designed and built
29、 by the engineer Andreas Hammar，known locally for hisappearances on TV tech show“Mekatronik”He said the key part of the sweat machine was anew water purification part developed by a company named HVR.“It uses a technique called membrane distillation(膜蒸馏)，”he told the BBC.“We use aspecial kind of mat
30、erial that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria，salts，clothing fibers andother things out.They have something similar to the International Space Station，but our machine ischeaper to build.The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is，but onepersons T-shirt typically produ
31、ces 10ml，about a mouthful.”The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cupthe worlds largest international youthfootball tournament.Mattias Ronge，chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agencyDeportivo，said the machine had helped raise awareness for UNICEF，but in reality had itslimitations.
32、“People havent produced as much sweat as we hopedright now the weather inGothenburg is lousy，”Mattias Ronge said.“So weve equipped the machine with exercisebikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy.Even so，the demand for sweat is greater than thesupply.And the machine will never be produced in lar
33、ge numbers，since there are better solutionsout there such as water purifying pills.”语篇解读 本文是说明文，主要介绍了一种能将汗液转化为饮用水的机器。1Which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine?AIt takes too long for the machine to produce water.BThe amount of water the machine produces is rather limited.CIt co
34、sts a large amount of money to build the machine.DThe water processed by the machine is not clean enough.答案 B解析 细节理解题。由第五段最后一句“The amount of water it produces depends on.about amouthful.”可知，这台机器的产水量太少了，故选 B。2UNICEF is mentioned in the text to.Ashow how the sweat machine worksBexplain why the sweat m
35、achine was inventedCshow the importance of the United NationsDtell us who invented the sweat machine答案 B解析 细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知，作者在文中之所以提到 UNICEF 是因为这台机器是为 UNICEF 所组织的一个活动而设计制造的，故选 B。3What did Mattias Ronge think of the sweat machine?AIt could only be used in summer.BIt did not work at all.CIt was not wo
36、rth popularizing.DThe water it produced tasted sweet.答案 C解析 推理判断题。由最后一段中 Mattias Ronge所说的“the machine will never be produced inlarge numbers”可知，他认为这种机器不值得普及。故选 C。4The text is written mainly to tell us that.Aa machine which turns sweat into drinking water is inventedB780 million people in the world l
37、ack access to clean waterCa better solution to purifying dirty water is discoveredDthe pill which turns dirty water into clean water is produced答案 A解析 主旨大意题。由第一段第一句“A machine that takes sweat-laden(浸满汗水的)clothesand turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden.”以及下文的描述可知，作者通过本文主要向我们介绍了一种能够
38、将衣服上的汗液转化为饮用水的机器，故选 A。.七选五(2017山西四校联考)Imagine going to bed not knowing where your next meal is going to come from.1Today，nearly 11 percent of people on Earth suffer from hunger，according to a recent State of FoodInsecurity in the World report published by the United Nations.But it turns out that thi
39、s number issomething to celebrate!Though the numbers look like a lot，the number of hungry people in the world has actuallydecreased by about 209 million since 1992.This has been mainly due to the hard work oforganizations such as the UN，the FAO and the WFP.According to the WFP，the world produces eno
40、ugh food to feed the entire population of 7billion people.2There are many reasons why food does not go from the producers to theconsumers.People living in poverty cannot afford nutritious foods.This makes them weaker and it isharder for them to earn money to escape from poverty and hunger.3An averag
41、e person in theUS spends just 6.6%of the income on food.Drought is one of the most common causes of food shortage in the world.4In manycountries，climate change is worsening the situation.Conflicts around the world can disrupt farming and food production.Fighting forces millionsof people to flee thei
42、r homes.These people dont have the means to feed themselves.5Food that is wasted uses up precious natural resources.AHow can we solve the problem?BEach nation has its own challenges.COne-third of all food produced is never consumed.DBut not everybody has access to food when they need it.EThat is the
43、 fate of nearly 805 million people in the world.FNatural disasters such as flood and tropical storms can impact food output too.GDo you know in poor countries people spend over 80%of their earnings on food?语篇解读 本文主要讲了世界上还有很多人在遭受贫困和饥饿，所以我们要节约粮食。1答案 E解析 根据上句：想象一下，临睡前不知道你的下一顿饭从哪里来。再根据下句：现在世界上 11%的人遭受饥饿
44、的痛苦。可知 E.That is the fate of nearly 805 million people in the world.那就是世界上 805 000 000 人的命运。符合上下文的意思。2答案 D解析 根据上句：世界生产足够的粮食养活全部 70 亿人口。再根据下句：很多原因导致了食物无法从生产者那里运到消费者手中。可知此空的意思是：还有很多人没有饭吃。此处表示转折，故选 D。3答案 G解析 根据上句：他们很难赚钱摆脱贫困和饥饿。再根据下句：在美国，一个普通人仅花费收入的 6.6%在食物上。可知 G.Do you know in poor countries people spe
45、nd over 80%of theirearnings on food？你知道贫穷国家的人们要花费收入的 80%在食物上吗？符合题意。4答案 F解析 根据上句：干旱是世界上最常见的食物短缺的原因之一。再根据下句：在很多国家，气候变化正在恶化局势。可知此空要表达的意思应该是：自然灾害也影响粮食的产量。故选F。5答案 C解析 根据下句：浪费的食物消耗了宝贵的自然资源。可知上句的意思是：所有生产出来的食物中有三分之一从未被消费掉。故选 C。.完形填空(2016浙江)During the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert
46、in California.I went tolive there in order to be1him.I hated the place.I had never2been so unhappy.Myhusband was ordered out on a long-term duty，and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋)alone.The heatwas3almost 125F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)4a soul to talk to.The windblew non-stop，and all the food
47、 I ate，and the very air I breathed，were5with sand，sand，sand!I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents.I told them I was6and coming backhome.I said I couldnt stand it one minute longer.I7be in prison!My father answered my8with just two linestwo lines that will always sing in my9two lines t
48、hat completelychanged my life：Two men looked out from prison bars，One saw the mud，the other saw the stars.I read those two lines10.I was ashamed of myself.I made up my mind I would find outwhat was good in my present11；I would look for the stars.I made friends with the natives，and their12amazed me.T
49、hey gave me presents of theirfavorite artworks which they had13to sell to tourists.I studied the delightful forms of thecactus.I watched for the desert sunsets，and14for seashells that had been left there millionsof years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean15.What brought about this16c
50、hange in me?The desert hadnt changed，17I had.Ihad changed my18.And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing19of my life.I was excited by this new world that I had discovered.I had looked out of myself-created prison and20the stars.语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的
51、生活和恶劣的生存环境让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给她的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了生活态度，学会了在逆境中享受生活。1A.offBbehindCnearDbeyond答案 C解析 根据空格前的 went to live there 可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近(near)一些。off 离开；behind 在后面；near 在附近；beyond 超出，远于。2A.beforeBalreadyCthenDstill答案 A解析 根据上文使用的过去时及第二段第三句“I said I couldnt stand it one minute longer.”可知，作
52、者在此之前(before)从未那么不快乐过。before 在之前；already 已经；then 然后，那么；still 仍然。3A.inflexibleBincomprehensibleCuncontrollableDunbearable答案 D解析 由破折号后的“.almost 125F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)”可知，即便是在仙人掌的阴凉里，这种炎热也是让人无法忍受的(unbearable)。inflexible 缺乏弹性的，不可改变的；incomprehensible 难懂的，不可理解的；uncontrollable 控制不住的，无法管束的；
53、unbearable 无法忍受的，承受不住的。4A.OnlyBNotCManyDSuch答案 B解析 由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住的地方环境很恶劣，可推知空格处应该指这里没有(not)作者可以与之聊天的人。only 仅仅，只有；not 没有；many 许多；such 那样的。5A.coveredBfilledCburiedDcharged答案 B解析 be covered with 用覆盖；be filled with 充满；be buried with 被掩埋；becharged with 被指控犯(罪)。由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空气，到处都充满了(were fil
54、led with)沙子。6A.catching upBkeeping upCgiving upDgetting up答案 C解析 由后面的“I said I couldnt stand it one minute longer.”可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的环境，作者打算放弃(give up)并准备回家。catch up 赶上；keep up 保持，维持；give up 放弃；get up 起床。7A.ought toBmight wellCwould ratherDhad better答案 C解析 由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿(wouldrather)去
55、蹲监狱。ought to 应该；might well 有可能；would rather 宁愿；had better 最好。8A.requestBcallCquestionDletter答案 D解析 由该段第一句中的“.I wrote to my parents.”可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信。request 请求，要求；call 通话，召唤；question 问题；letter 信。9A.comparisonBimaginationCconsiderationDmemory答案 D解析 由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度，所以这两行话总是在她的记忆(memory)里
56、唱响。comparison 对比；imagination 想象；consideration 考虑，体贴；memory 记忆。10A.over and overBby and byCup and downDnow and then答案 A解析 由上下文语境可知，作者收到父亲的信后反复(over and over)阅读，并为自己感到羞愧。over and over 再三，反复；by and by 不久，很快；up and down 上上下下，来回；now and then不时，时常。11A.companyBoccupationCsituationDrelationship答案 C解析 由上文可知，
57、空格所在句表示作者下定决心找到自己目前处境(situation)的优势。company 陪伴，公司；occupation 工作，占用；situation 处境，状况；relationship 关系。12A.movementBreactionCguidanceDpurpose答案 B解析 由该段内容可知，作者与当地人交朋友，而他们把最喜欢的艺术品作为礼物送给作者。他们的反应(reaction)让作者感到吃惊。movement 运动，活动；reaction 反应；guidance 指导；purpose 目的。13A.refusedBfailedCmanagedDhappened答案 A解析 由上下
58、文语境可知，当地人对作者做出的反应让作者感到吃惊，因为他们竟然舍得将拒绝(refuse)卖给游客的艺术品当作礼物送给作者。refuse 拒绝；fail 失败，不及格；manage管理；happen 发生，碰巧。14A.askedBhuntedCwaitedDheaded答案 B解析 各选项均可与空格后的 for 构成短语。ask for 请求，要求；hunt for 寻找；wait for 等待；head for 前往。由下文中的定语从句“.that had been left there millions of years ago.”可知，作者在沙漠里寻找(hunt for)几百万年前遗留下
59、来的贝壳。15A.floorBsurfaceCrockDlevel答案 A解析 由空格所在句“.when the sands of the desert had been an ocean.”可知，沙漠里的沙地曾经是海底(floor)。floor 底部，地面；surface 表面；rock 岩石；level 水平。16A.shockingBchallengingCpuzzlingDastonishing答案 D解析 由上文可以看出，作者由最初的抱怨并打算放弃在沙漠中的生活，到后来接受自己的处境并学会欣赏生活中的美好可以看出，作者的变化是令人十分惊讶的(astonishing)。shocking
60、骇人的；challenging 具有挑战性的；puzzling 令人感到迷惑的。17A.asBbutCforDor答案 B解析 由上文可以看出，沙漠没有改变，但(but)作者发生了变化。as 表原因；but 表转折；for表原因；or 用以引出另一种可能性。18A.attitudeBprincipleCidentityDstandard答案 A解析 由上文可以看出，作者由最初的不快乐到后来学会享受沙漠生活，完全是因为自己对生活的态度发生了改变。attitude 态度；principle 原则；identity 身份，一致；standard 标准。19A.vacationBoperationCa
61、ffairDadventure答案 D解析 所给选项中的 adventure 与该句中的 experience 相对应。vacation 假期；operation 操作，手术；affair 事务，事件；adventure 冒险，奇遇。20A.soughtBcountedCfoundDreached答案 C解析 作者将自己从最初感受到沙漠之苦到后来体验到沙漠生活的快乐的转变比喻为在自设的监狱里发现(find)了星星。seek 寻找；count 数数；find 发现；reach 到达。.词汇拓展1station vt.配置，安置；驻扎(1)Two guards were stationed at
62、the top of the stairs.在楼梯口派了两名警卫。(2)He stationed himself at the only exit.他站立在唯一的出口处。用法点拨station 用作动词时，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语。2in use 在使用中bring/put.into use 使用come into use 开始被使用make use of 利用；使用3in large numbers 大量地They catch fish that are found in large numbers，so there is little danger to the species.他们捕的是
63、那些量大的鱼，所以对物种的伤害很小。4in the shade of 在阴凉处put.in the shade 使逊色；使相形见绌5watch for 留意；期待；等候watch out for 小心；提防watch over 看管；守护.句式升级1People living in poverty cannot afford nutritious foods.This makes them weaker and it is harderfor them to earn money to escape from poverty and hunger.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)People li
64、ving in poverty cannot afford nutritious foods，which makes them weaker and it isharder for them to earn money to escape from poverty and hunger.2Fighting forces millions of people to flee their homes.(用被动语态改写)Millions of people are forced to flee their homes because of fighting.3Food that is wasted
65、uses up precious natural resources.(改为简单句)Food wasted uses up precious natural resources.单句语法填空1Whether she is right or wrong，she will have my support.2Some news will excite their readers instantly while others wont.(2015江苏)3The stories of his unconventional ideas and the exceptional patients he wro
66、te about were soamazing to me and had such a big impact on how I saw life from then on.(2015江苏)4According to the card，if you are unable to go(go)，you can contact Alices mother.(2015四川)5“You are forbidden to say(say)one feels，or people think，”Lehanne toldthem.“Say I think，Think me”(2015全国)6When serio
67、us illness visits your household，its not just your daily routine and yourassumptions(assume)about the future that are no longer familiar.(2015浙江)7So far the well-known journalist has accumulated(accumulate)more than 4,000 interviews withfamous people.(2014湖北)8The United Nations Organization(UNO)coul
68、d undertake to direct(direct)the distribution of aid.9He may win the competition，in which case he is likely to get into the national team.10This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating(eat)cookiesor smoking a cigarette while under stress.运用本单元所学短语完成下列片段People dif
69、fer greatly in cloning technique.Some people are 11.in favour of(支持)itsdevelopment，for they believe it will 12.be bound to(一定会)benefit us.On the contrary，others feel13.cast down(沮丧)to find that it could raise a storm of moral questions.In my opinion，cloningwill 14.pay off(有所回报)sooner or later 15.on
70、condition that(倘若)all undertake to use itproperly.完成句子16现代科学对于吸烟能导致多种疾病已经给出了明确的证据。Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.17像黄色这样的暖色会使食物更加诱人，而冷色调使人饥饿感降低。(2015全国)Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel lesshungry.1
71、8在这个十字路口你向左或向右转弯都没有关系，因为两条路都通向公园。It doesnt matter whether you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.19我从未想过你会成功地说服他改变主意。It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.20这个会议室是“无烟区”。我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你就会被罚款。(2015湖北)This meeting room is a non
72、-smoking area.I would like to warn you in advance that if you smokedhere you would be fined.阅读理解British scientists have done something that many people thought was impossible：they createdthe first clone of an adult mammal(哺乳动物)The clone，named Dolly，is a seven-month-oldsheep，grown from a cell of an a
73、dult female sheep.What is a clone？A clone is a copya genetic copy.Genes are the instructions for life.Theytell a cell what to do and how to do it.Genes make each individual plant or animal different andunique.But a clone has the same genes as the original organism(生物体)Cloning is not new.Plants have
74、been cloned for centuries.New plants are often grown fromcutting from another plant.Also，plants like pineapples，strawberries and carnations(康乃馨)aresometimes cloned.One benefit of cloning is that we can make many copies of the best andhealthiest plants.It has been much more difficult to clone animals
75、.Frogs have been cloned，but they died astadpoles，never living long enough to become adult frogs.Mice，sheep and cattle have been clonedfrom embryos(胚胎)But Dolly is the first healthy clone of an adult mammal.How did they do it?(1)An unfertilized egg was taken from a sheep.(2)The egg nucleus(细胞核)was re
76、moved.(3)A cell was taken from the udder(乳房)of a pregnant(怀孕的)sheep.It was“starved”，so thatit stopped growing.(4)The two cells were combined into one and then implanted in a third sheep，where it grewnormally.(5)The clone was born.It was genetically identical to the pregnant sheep in Step(3)This soun
77、ds much easier than it actually was.To end up with one clone，the scientists started with277 udder cells.And they needed in a way to make the egg cell accept a new nucleus.They did thatby starving the cell in Step(3)It may soon be possible to clone many types of animals.Will we also be able to clone
78、humanorgans，or even whole human beings？We have only begun to think about the morality of cloningtechnology.Maybe the question to ask is not whether we can clone humans，but instead，should weclone humans?语篇解读 本文介绍了克隆技术及多莉羊的克隆过程。21Dolly is a sheepbecause she is grown from a cell of an adult female shee
79、p.Athat has no fatherBthat has no motherCthat has no parentsDthat has no tail答案 C解析 推理判断题。从文中可以看出，多莉是从一只成年羊的细胞中克隆出来的，所以它没有父母，而是那只羊的一个翻版。22Tell which of the following statements is TRUE?AOnly plants can be cloned.BOnly strawberries and carnations can sometimes be cloned.CAnimals and plants have quite
80、 a long history of cloning.DGenes can tell a cell what to do and how to do it during cloning.答案 D解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Genes are the instructions for life.They tell a cell what to doand how to do it.”可知 D 项正确。23From the fourth paragraph we can know that.Aa tadpole is the early stage of a grown-up frogBa t
81、adpole is a frog without a tailCa tadpole is a kind of animalDa tadpole is a clone of an adult mammal答案 A解析 推理判断题。由文章第四段第二句可知，人们曾经克隆过青蛙，但在蝌蚪阶段就死了，并没有进入成年青蛙阶段。因此我们可以判断，蝌蚪是青蛙的早期形态，故 A 项“蝌蚪是青蛙的早期形态”正确。24Which of the following statements about Dolly is TRUE according to the passage?ADolly is the first c
82、lone of an animal.BDolly is the first clone of an adult animal.CDolly is the first clone of a mammal.DDolly is the first clone of an adult mammal.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句话“.they created the first clone of an adultmammal(哺乳动物)”可知答案应为 D 项。.完形填空When you eat out in a restaurant，it is not unusual to hear
83、people yelling，“Let me get thisone！”Sometimes you can see them25or arm wrestling to fight for the26for payingthe bill.These fights are often very loud and active.Each person27shows an honest desire topick up the bill，and in the end，all the people at the table give the winner praise and28.In fact，fig
84、uring out who will get the bill is always a29for Chinese people at formalmeals.Although the people who30the meal are very likely to pay the check，it is a31practice to make an effort to pay the bill.But you will32them if you do end up actuallycollecting money.In recent years，going Dutch has been embr
85、aced by many young people.33，oldergenerations who fear“losing34”still find it embarrassing and mean to calculate eachpersons35of the bill.But these days，36digital payment apps，splitting(分摊)the bill37is becomingwidely-accepted idea.Even people from38generations may want to do so.By scanning a code39p
86、aying their share via WeChat or Alipay on their phones in one easy click，Chinese are40it easy to relieve the embarrassment of figuring out each persons payment when they order ameal.This function has made going Dutch less41and more fun in China.“Many of us arenever without our phones42they are conve
87、nient.And person-to-person mobile paymentservices are incredibly43to use and at the same time save the trouble of44change，”said18-year-old Han Chen，a student from Senior High School.语篇解读 本文主要介绍的是在中国现在正流行的利用电子应用软件实现AA制的趋势。25A.talkingBarguingCpushingDcarrying答案 C解析 talk 谈话；argue 辩论；push 推；carry 搬运。有时候
88、你会看到饭店里吃饭的人推搡着抢着付款。可知 C 项符合题意。26A.turnBprivilegeCorderDright答案 B解析 turn 转弯；privilege 特权；order 顺序；right 权利。争取付款的特权。故选 B。27A.involvedBcalledCselectedDinvited答案 A解析 involve 涉及，使参与；call 打电话；select 挑选；invite 邀请。此处是过去分词作后置定语，指涉及到的每个人。故选 A。28A.courageBcommentCapologyDgratitude答案 D解析 courage 勇气，胆量；comment 评
89、论；apology 道歉；gratitude 感激。所有吃饭的人都给获胜者以赞美和感激。故选 D。29A.headacheBtraditionCplanDconflict答案 A解析 headache 头疼；tradition 传统；plan 计划；conflict 冲突。事实上，在中国吃饭时谁付款总是一件令人头疼的事。故选 A。30A.eatBcookChostDenjoy答案 C解析 eat 吃；cook 做饭；host 做东；enjoy 喜爱。尽管做东的人很可能付款。故选 C。31A.unusualBstrangeCunexpectedDcommon答案 D解析 unusual 不寻常的
90、；strange 奇怪的；unexpected 未料到的；common 共同的，普通的，常见的。这是一个惯例。故选 D。32A.disappointBfrustrateCembarrassDinspire答案 C解析 disappoint 使失望；frustrate 挫败；embarrass 使尴尬；inspire 鼓舞，鼓励。实际上如果你真的以收集钱而结束的话，这将会使他们尴尬。故选 C。33A.HoweverBThereforeCMoreoverDBesides答案 A解析 however 然而；therefore 因此；moreover 而且，此外；besides 另外。最近几年，AA制
91、已经为大多数年轻人所采纳。然而，害怕丢脸的更老的一代仍然认为计算每个人的付款是令人尴尬的和吝啬的。故选 A。34A.promiseBfaceCcreditDmoney答案 B解析 promise 许诺；face 脸面；credit 信用；money 金钱。句意见上题。lose face 丢脸，故选 B。35A.taskBpartCabilityDshare答案 D解析 task 任务；part 部分；ability 能力；share 份额。由此处指每个人该付的部分可知选 D。36A.as well asBaccording toCthanks toDapart from答案 C解析 as we
92、ll as 还，又；according to 根据，按照；thanks to 多亏，由于；apart from 除之外。由于电子支付的应用，以电子形式分摊账单已成为被广泛接受的想法。故选 C。37A.personallyBelectronicallyCseparatelyDimmediately答案 B解析 personally 就个人而言；electronically 电子地；separately 分离地；immediately 立刻，马上。句意见上题。故选 B。38A.youngerBnewerColderDlater答案 C解析 younger 更年轻；newer 更新的；older 更
93、老的；later 更迟的。上文提到更老的一代认为 AA 制非常丢面子，而此处指甚至更老一代的人也想这样做。故选 C。39A.andBbutCorDfor答案 A解析 and 和；but 但是；or 或者，否则；for 因为。通过扫描一个密码来付款。可知此处是并列的递进关系，故选 A。40A.hopingBfindingClookingDmaking答案 B解析 hope 希望；find 找到；look 看；make 制造。中国人发现当他们点餐时用这种方法很容易缓解计算每个人付款的尴尬。故选 B。41A.sadnessBexcitementCquarrelDtrouble答案 D解析 sadne
94、ss 伤心；excitement 兴奋；quarrel 争吵；trouble 麻烦。由空前的 less 和空后的 andmore fun 及上文说吃饭时由谁付款是一件令人头疼的事，可知此处选 D。42A.althoughBbecauseCifDso答案 B解析 although 尽管；because 因为；if 如果；so 所以。我们中的很多人都离不开手机，因为它们很方便。故选 B。43A.easyBexpensiveCdifficultDcomplex答案 A解析 easy 容易的；expensive 昂贵的；difficult 困难的；complex 复杂的。个人对个人的移动支付服务是非常
95、容易使用的。故选 A。44A.putting onBsetting asideCproviding withDdealing with答案 D解析 put on 穿上；set aside 储存，留在一边；provide with 提供；deal with 处理。同时节省处理零钱的麻烦。故选 D。.短文改错(2017宁夏六盘山高级中学期中)Everyone has a dream and we are on the way to achieve it.As Senior 3 student，I hope to beadmitted toan ideal university.In the pas
96、t three years，I have done everything I can to equip myself withthat I have learnt.Not only have I enjoy the pleasure of study but also I have got closer to mydream.Anxious and pressure did discourage from me at times.Besides，with the encouragement ofmy teachers and classmates，I think I will make it.
97、Im sure there has still a long way to go to achieve my dream.No matter how challenged itis，Ill make it come true.As a proverb said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”答案Everyone has a dream and we are on the way toachieveachieving it.As a Senior 3 student，I hopeto be admitted to an ideal universi
98、ty.In the past three years，I have done everything I can to equipmyself with thatwhat I have learnt.Not only have Ienjoyenjoyed the pleasure of study but also I have gotcloser to my dream.AnxiousAnxiety and pressure did discourage from me at times.BesidesHowever，with theencouragement of my teachers and classmates，I think I will make it.Im sure there hasisstill a long way to go to achieve my dream.No matter how challengedchallengingit is，Ill make it come true.As a proverb saidsays，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”
