1、经 典 例 文星光中学(Xingguang High School)近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：1时间与地点：4 月 10 日，大青山(Daqing Mountain)；2活动过程；3你对于这次活动的评论。注意：1.词数 120 左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。范 文 背 诵 In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise,our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10.Hundreds of us t
2、ook part in it.It was a nice day.At 8 am,we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirits.All the way we were chatting,singing and laughing,enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.When some fell behind,others would come and offer help.About 2 hours later,we
3、 all reached the top.Bathed in the sunshine,we jumped and cheered with joy.The activity benefited us a lot.Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work,it also promoted the friendship among us.What a wonderful time！单词联想1acquire vt.获得，得到2suspect v疑有，觉得；怀疑；(常与 o
4、f 连用)认为犯罪 n嫌疑犯，可疑分子 adj.可疑的；不可信的3lack n(常与 of 连用)缺乏 vt.缺乏，不足4worthy adj.有价值的；可尊敬的；值得的；配得上的5urge v催促，力劝，敦促；竭力主张 n强烈的欲望，冲动6accustomed adj.通常的，惯常的；习惯于7approve vi.(常与 of 连用)赞成，同意 vt.批准，通过；认可8inspire vt.鼓舞；激发，启示；使产生(感觉或情感)9lay vt.(laid，laid)放置；铺设 v产(卵)，下(蛋)10tend vt.照料，照顾；照管，护理 vi.照管，照料；倾向，趋于(与 to 或 towa
5、rds 连用)；往往会短语熟记1as a whole 总体上2go blank 发呆，漠然3tend to易于，倾向于4aside from除之外5set off出发，启程(set out，set forth)；使爆炸，引起爆炸；引起(突发的动作)；导致(突然的活动)；衬托，使更为突出句式重温1I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。2Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion.有时候我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见。
6、突破重点第一版块：融会单词1distinguish vt.&vi.区别，区分；使有别于；使出众Speech distinguishes human beings from the animals.言语是人类有别于动物的特征。She has already distinguished herself as an athlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。(1)distinguished adj.(外表或举止上)有尊严的，高贵的；卓越的，杰出的be distinguished for 以而著名be distinguished by 以为特征(2)be distinguished from 不同于，与
7、加以区别distinguish.from.辨别，识别，把和区别开distinguish between A and B区别 A 和 Bdistinguish oneself 使自己与众不同，使自己出名即境活用选择适当的介词填空(from/between/for)(1)It is hard to distinguish him _ his twin brother.(2)People who cannot distinguish _ colors are said to be colorblind.(3)He is distinguished _ his knowledge of history
8、.frombetweenfor2pace n速度，步速；步伐，节奏 v走来走去，踱步于at a gentle/steady pace 以徐缓的/稳定的步伐at ones own pace按照自己的节奏keep pace with 和并驾齐驱；跟上set the pace确立标准，确定速度pace up and down 来回踱步I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country.我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。She works so fast that I cant keep pace with her.她工作得很快，我跟不上她的速度。The fas
9、test runner set the pace and the others followed.跑得最快的人确定了步速，其他人在后面跟着跑。She paced up and down outside the house.她在屋子外面来回走着。3select vt.选择；挑选；选拔select sb.to do sth.选拔某人去干某事select sb./sth.for sth.为某事而挑选某人/物【易混辨析】choose，select 与 electchoose，select 与 elect 都含有“选择”的意思。choose 指一般性选择，往往比较随意。The site has been
10、 chosen for the new school.这块场地已被选作新学校的校址。select 指精心进行的选择或选拔，目的性很强。All our hotels have been carefully selected for the excellent value they provide.我们住的旅馆都是他们精心挑选的，最为合算。elect 只能用于选举。She became the first black to be elected to the Senate.她成为第一位被选进参议院的黑人妇女。即境活用用choose，select，elect的正确形式填空(1)Li Ming was
11、 _ our new class monitor.(2)There are a lot of shoes for you to _ from.(3)The group has been carefully _ for the study because of their lifestyle.electedchooseselected4lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；缺乏的东西(1)lack forn.(多用于否定句中)需求；需要(2)for/through lack ofn.因缺乏a lack ofn.缺乏no lack of 不缺乏(3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的b
12、e lacking in 缺少The plant died for lack of water.植物因缺水而枯死了。He is lacking in responsibility.他缺乏责任心。特别提示1lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用及物动词直接加宾语不用被动语态，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking与in连用。2lack表示“缺少的东西”时，常为可数名词。即境活用选词填空lack load question wasteHe says that my new car is a _ of money.Dont you think those words are just so
13、ur grapes?waste答案与解析 句意：他说我新买的小汽车浪费钱。难道你不认为这是吃不到葡萄说葡萄酸吗？waste浪费。5access vt.评价，评定；估算have/get/obtain/gain access to.拥有的机会；可以接近；进入give access to接近；准许进入Access to the garden is through the kitchen.通向花园的路经过厨房。The British children have access to the information super highway.英国的孩子们可以使用信息高速公路。accessible adj
14、.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的The island is accessible only by boat.只有乘小船才能到达这座岛屿。A manager should be accessible to his staff.经理应该让职工感到平易近人。【易混辨析】access to与approach toaccess to.(的)通路；(接近或进入某地的)方法；(使用某物或接近某人的)权利或机会approach to.(的)通路；(解决某一特定问题的方法，尤其是经过深思熟虑的)方法；(对)的态度The public dont have
15、access to the site.公众不能进入这个地方。The approach to the house is a narrow path.通向房子的路是条小路。即境活用完成句子(1)Nobody but the head of the company _ _ _ the secret office.只有公司的领导可以进入秘密办公室。(2)The piece of information _ _ _ _ everyone.这个消息不是每个人都知道的。has access tois not accessible to6approve v.赞成；认可；批准(1)approve of sb./
16、sth.赞成/同意某人/某事approve of sb.s doing sth.同意某人干某事approve the plan 批准计划(2)approval n.同意；批准give ones approval to 批准I told my mother I wanted to leave school but she didnt approve.我告诉我母亲我不想继续上学，但是母亲不同意。She doesnt approve of me leaving school this year.她不同意我今年离校。She would never do anything that was not ap
17、proved of by her parents.她从来不会做父母不赞成的事情。Nobody would approve your ideal plans for reforming the system of government.没有人会赞成你的关于改革政体的不切实际的计划。即境活用语法填空It seems that most educators approve _ the plan for Advanced Assessment for Admission,which gives rise to a complete reform of College Entrance Exams.of
18、答案与解析 从后面的gives rise to a complete reform of College Entrance Exams可知，多数教育工作者都赞同这个计划。7suspect v疑有，觉得；怀疑；(常与 of 连用)认为犯罪 n嫌疑犯，可疑分子He is the prime suspect in the case.他是这个案子的首要嫌疑人。I began to suspect that they were trying to get rid of me.我开始觉察出他们试图摆脱掉我。归纳拓展suspect that.怀疑suspect sth.to be怀疑某物是suspect s
19、b.ofdoing sth.怀疑某人做了某事【易混辨析】suspect与doubtsuspect指“怀疑是”，后可接that从句，可用于suspect sb.of sth.结构，“怀疑某人做了某事”；doubt指“怀疑不是”，beyond doubt无疑，in doubt不确定，no doubt无疑，doubtwhether或if(用于肯定句),doubtthat(用于否定句或疑问句)构成的宾语从句(从句中要用虚拟语气)。如：I suspect that this is what he wants.我猜这就是他想要的。I doubt if this is what he wants.我怀疑这是
20、否是他想要的。即境活用完成句子(1)The boss _ _ _ _ the computer away from the company.老板怀疑他从公司拿走了电脑。(2)I _ _ he is more or less involved in the affair.我猜他和这件事多少有点儿牵连。suspected him of takingsuspect that8bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏bury oneself in study 埋头研究bury oneself in(doing)sth.专心致力于(做)某事be buried in thought 沉思bury ones fac
21、e in ones hands 双手掩面be buried alive 被活埋；隐居She was sitting with her head buried in a newspaper.她坐着埋头看报纸。Since she left,he has buried himself in work.自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。Engineers have reinforced a lifeline to 33 miners buried deep inside a Chilean gold and copper mine.工程师们为被深埋在智利金铜矿中的33名矿工架起了一条生命线。特别提示表示“
22、专心于”的短语还有：be devoted to，be addicted to，be absorbed in，其主语一般都为人。9worthwhile adj.值得花时间(金钱、努力)的；有意义的；重要的Hangzhou is a beautiful place;it is worthwhile going/to go there.杭州是个美丽的地方，值得一去。Youd better spend your time on some worthwhile books.你最好把时间花在一些值得读的书上。Thank you for making my visit so worthwhile and I
23、 shall treasure the friendship between us for ever.感谢你们使我的访问如此有价值，我将永远珍惜我们之间的友谊。sth.be worthwhile doing/to do某事值得做do sth.worthwhile 做值得做的事情it be worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的【易混辨析】worth,worthy与worthwhilebe worth后可直接跟名词、代词或v-ing形式。接动名词时，总是用主动形式表示被动意义；另外要用well修饰worth，而不能用very。be worthy后接ofbeing d
24、one，也可以接to do。be worthwhile后接v-ing形式或to do。The picture is worth$500.这幅画值500美元。What is worth doing is worth doing well.值得干的事就值得干好。This suggestion is worthy of being consideredto be considered.这个建议值得考虑。It is worthwhile buying the dictionary.这本词典值得买。It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again.这个计划值得再次讨论
25、。即境活用选词填空(1)It is _ to consider this point more closely.(2)He who does his duty is _ praising.(3)The question is not _ of being discussed again and again.(4)I dont think it _ taking such trouble.worthwhileworthworthyworthwhile10acquire vt.获得；取得；学到She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study.
26、她通过认真学习而懂得了英语。It will take her a long time to acquire the skills she needs to become a famous player.要获得成为著名选手的技能需要花费她很长时间。I managed to acquire two tickets for the Shanghai World Expo.我设法弄到了两张上海世博会的票。【易混辨析】acquire,achieve与obtainacquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术、知识等抽象的东西，也指养成习惯等。achieve强调由于极大的努力，克服困难后达到目标。obtain指
27、经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间才得到所需要的东西。即境活用用acquire,achieve,obtain填空(1)After so many years of hard work,he finally _ success.(2)She has _ some very unpleasant habits recently.(3)In the second experiment they _ a very clear result.achievedacquiredobtained11urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策(1)urge sth./sb.on 催促某物/某人前进urge sb.to
28、do sth.催促某人做某事urge sb.into doing sth.催促某人做某事(2)urge that.极力主张，强调从句谓语形式为(should)动词原形It is urged that.坚决要求从句谓语形式为(should)动词原形He urged her to study English.他极力劝她学习英语。She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.她跑过他面前时，听到他在为她加油。The report urged that all children be taught to swim.这份报告呼吁给所有的儿童教授游泳。H
29、e has an urge to travel.他有去旅行的强烈欲望。特别提示urge后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should可以省略。如：,I urge that you read this report carefully.,我劝你仔细看看这份报告。即境活用语法填空Premier Wen urged that all the countries _(take)measures to keep stability in the Northeast Asia.take答案与解析 urge(极力主张)后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为
30、“(should)动词原形”。12instruct vt.教，教导；命令，指示instruct a class in history教一个班的历史After having been instructed to drive out of town，I began to acquire confidence.在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始信心十足了。instruction n用法说明，操作指南；指示，命令。如：“I shall follow your instructions，sir，”said Miss Temple.“先生，我会照办的。”丹伯尔小姐说。instructor n辅导员；讲师in
31、struct sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事instructionsdirections(说明)书即境活用完成句子(1)Mr.Smith _(教授)a class in history.(2)She _(教)me in the use of the telephone.(3)Ive been _(指示)to wait here until the lecturer arrives.instructsinstructedinstructed13worthy adj.有价值的；可尊敬的；值得的；配得上的【易混辨析】worth，worthy与worthwhile(1)worth常用于be
32、worth sth./doing sth.，注意：这里的doing是主动形式表示被动含义。如：The house is worth a lot of money.这房子值很多钱。The place is worth a visit/visiting.那个地方值得参观。(2)worthy与of连用时，构成be worthy of，of的后面可以接名词或动名词的被动形式。worthy还可与动词不定式连用，动词不定式也要用被动式。如：That is worthy of note.那件事值得注意。This phenomenon is worthy of being studied.这种现象值得研究。T
33、his problem is worthy to be considered.这个问题值得考虑。(3)worthwhile意为“值得花精力(时间)的”。如：Youd better spend your time on some worthwhile reading.你最好把时间花在读一些有价值的书上。The effort seemed worthwhile to French decision-makers.这一努力对法国决策者来说是值得的。常用于“it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.”句式，意为“有必要/值得做某事”。如：I thought it was wor
34、thwhile to clarify the matter.我觉得澄清这件事是有必要的。It didnt seem worthwhile writing it all out again.把这些再写出来似乎不必要。特别提示worthwhile除作定语用在名词前时，还可分开写为worth oneswhile。如：,It is worth our while to read/reading the book.,我们读这本书是值得的。,Did you feel the meeting was worthwhile？,你感觉这个会议有必要开吗？即境活用完成句子The novel is well _.这
35、本小说很值得一读。worthy of being read答案与解析 be worthy of后接不定式或动名词时，要使用不定式或动名词的被动形式。14alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n.可能的选择；选择对象(1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事theres no alternative.别无选择an alternative to.的替代品(2)alternatively adv.可供选择地You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly;those are the t
36、wo alternatives.你的工资可以按周以现金支取，或按月以支票支取。二者可选其一。We had no alternative but to fire him.我们别无他法，只有辞退他。The way was blocked,so we went by an alternative road.那条路被堵住了，所以我们走了另一条路。【易混辨析】alternative与choicealternative一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。choice泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择，指选择，挑选，抉择。15inspire vt.鼓舞；感动；激发；启示(1)inspire s
37、b.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事inspire sb.with.使某人产生inspire sb.to sth.鼓励某人某事inspire sth.in sb.使某人产生(感觉或情感)(2)inspiration n灵感inspired adj.受影响的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，激励人的The good news inspired us with hope.这个好消息使我们燃起了希望。The teacher inspires his students to give their opinions actively even if they are different from
38、 his own.老师鼓励学生们在课堂上积极地发表自己的看法，即使看法与他的不同。I was inspired to work harder than ever before.我受到激励，比以往任何时候都更加努力工作。The beauty of the West Lake inspired a lot of poets to write their great poetry.西湖美景给了许多诗人灵感而创作出他们伟大的诗篇。The coach inspired them to victory.教练鼓舞他们取得胜利。即境活用语法填空All of the students were _(inspir
39、e)by the _(inspire)speech given by the headmaster.inspiredinspiring答案与解析 inspired“感到鼓舞的”；inspiring“令人鼓舞的”。16adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应adapt to.适应adapt sth.(for.)(为)把某物改编；(为)把某物改装adapt sth.from.根据改编某物adapt oneself to.使自己适应(to为介词)The reintroducing experience three years ago shows that man-raised parrots ar
40、e unable to adapt to the wild.三年前将这些鹦鹉放生的经历表明，人工喂养的鹦鹉已不能适应野外环境了。The materials can be adapted for use with older children.这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。It took us a good while to adapt ourselves to the new surroundings there.过了好一阵子我们才适应了那儿的新环境。【易混辨析】adapt与adjustadapt指通过修改或改变，使某物或某人适应新条件或新环境。adjust指借正确的判断或熟练的技巧“调
41、整或调节”，以使两者互相适应。即境活用用adapt，adjust的适当形式填空(1)Only in this way can we _ to the future life and enjoy ourselves when it comes.(2)You can _ this desk to the height of any child.adaptadjust17lay vt.放置；压倒；使躺下；放到vt.&vi.生蛋，产卵He laid his coat over a chair.他把外套放在椅子上。The trees were laid flat by heavy wind.树木被风刮倒
42、了。The hens dont lay eggs during this cold weather.这样冷的天气母鸡不会下蛋。【易混辨析】动词原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词中文释义lieliesliedliedlying撒谎；谎话lielieslaylainlying躺；位于laylayslaidlaidlaying放置；下蛋Obviously he was lying.显然他是在撒谎。There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.山脚下有一个小镇。即境活用语法填空The camera isnt _(miss).It still
43、 _(lie)where I _(lay)it a month ago.missinglieslaid答案与解析 句意：照相机没有丢，它还在我一个月前所放的地方。lie位于；lay放置，过去式为laid。第二版块：贯通短语1as a whole总体上The festival will be great for our city and for the country as a whole.这个音乐节对我们城市乃至整个国家都将是意义重大的。【易混辨析】as a whole与on the whole(1)as a whole表示“从整个来看，就全体而言，总括而论”。如：I analyzed his
44、 words as a whole.我是把他的话作为一个整体来分析的。(2)on the whole表示“大体上，基本上，总的说来”。如：On the whole，I like it.总的说来，我喜欢它。即境活用语法填空We must look at the problem of education _ whole.as a答案与解析 句意：我们必须从整体的角度来考虑教育问题。as a whole意为“从整体来看，就全体而言”。2set off 出发，启程(set out)；使爆炸，引起爆炸；引起(突发的动作)；导致(突然的活动)What time are you planning to se
45、t off tomorrow?你打算明天几点启程？Do be careful with those fireworks;the slightest spark could set them off.对这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能使它们爆炸。Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.股市恐慌引发了一轮抛售潮。set out 出发，开始，着手set about 开始做，着手处理set aside 宣告无效；驳回；把放到一旁；省出，留出(钱或时间)set back 推迟；延缓set down 让某人下车；记下，写下；制定，规定set
46、forth 阐明；陈述set free 释放set foot on/in 踏上，到达，进入set to 劲头十足地开始做某事，认真地开始做；开始争吵；开始打斗set up 创立，建立(事业)；成立(组织)即境活用语法填空Rita set _ two hours every Sunday afternoon to spend with her son.aside答案与解析 句意：Rita每个星期天下午都留出来两个小时和自己的儿子一起过。set aside意为“留出(钱或时间)”，符合句意。3be accustomed to习惯于be accustomed to(doing)sth.be used
47、 to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事get/become/grow accustomed to(doing)sth.变得适应了(做)某事accustom sb.to使某人习惯accustom oneself to.使自己习惯于I am accustomed to getting up early.我习惯于早起。You will soon get accustomed to the climate here.你会很快习惯这里的气候的。It took him a while to accustom himself to the idea.他过了一段时间才习惯这个想法。特别提示在表示“习惯于
48、”的短语 be accustomed to 和 be used to 中，to是介词，后接动词时一定要用动名词形式。4tend to经常做，倾向于tend to do有某种倾向；有的趋势tend vi.走向；趋向；朝向tend vt.照顾tend to be往往是tend(to)sb./sth.照料，照管，护理tend to/towards.倾向于have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向tend to sb.look after sb.照顾某人，照料某人I tend to wake up early in the morning.我早晨往往早醒。People who
49、like warm colours tend to be optimists.喜欢暖色的人一般都是乐观主义者。His views tend towards the extreme.他的观点趋于偏激。即境活用完成句子(1)People under stress _(容易)to express their full range of potential.(2)He _(往往)to throw the ball to high.(3)He _(照顾)the child day and night throughout his illness.(4)女性一般比男性长寿。Women _ _ _ _ th
50、an men.tendtendstendedtend to live longer第三版块：突破句式1Its never too late to learn.学习永远都不会太晚。句中too.to.意为“太而不能”。点津：1too.to.通常表示“太而不能够”的否定意义，主要结构是tooadj./adv.for sb.to do sth.，其中for sb.引出的是to do sth.的逻辑主语。,2too.结构中的adj./adv.如果是表达某种心情或描绘性形容词或副词，则表示肯定意义。如：happy，glad，eager，ready，satisfied，kind，willing，anxiou
51、s等。即境活用完成句子(1)The lady was _ _ _ _ the box upstairs.这位女士年纪太大了不能搬箱子上楼。(2)What you said was _ _ for me _ _.你的话太深奥，我不能理解。(3)He said he was _ _ _ take part in the activity.他说他非常高兴参加此项活动。too old to carrytoo difficultto understandtoo pleased to2I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.我觉得该是我成为
52、因特网用户的时候了。It is/was(high/about)time that sb.did sth.到某人该做某事的时候了It is/was(high)time for sth.该做某事了It is/was(high)time to do sth.该做某事了It is/was(high)time for sb.to do sth.某人该做某事了Its time the kids were in bed.孩子们该睡觉了。Its about time you cleaned your room!你该打扫自己的房间了！Its time for lunch.该吃午饭了。Stay in your c
53、lassroom until it is time for you to go home.在教室里一直呆到该你们回家的时候。特别提示Its hightime that.“该了，到的时候了”，用来表示建议，从句的谓语动词用过去式，偶尔也可用“should动词原形”，但 should 不可省略。,Its time we went/should go.我们该走了。3The manager would rather that his secretary went to the meeting instead of him.经理宁愿秘书替他去开会。本句中含有“would ratherthat从句”。在w
54、ould rather后的that从句中，谓语要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。如：I would rather(that)you went home now.我宁愿你现在就回家。Dont come tomorrow.Id rather you came next week.明天别来，我宁愿你下周来。Id rather you had gone there yesterday.我宁愿你昨天去过那儿。即境活用语法填空I would rather you _(post)the letter right away.posted答案与解析 句意：我倒希望你把这封信立即寄出。would rather后接宾语从句时，从句要使用虚拟语气，如果是对现在或将来的虚拟，从句的谓语用一般过去时，如果表示的是对过去的虚拟，从句的谓语用过去完成时。根据本句的提示语right away“立刻，马上”可判断是对将来的虚拟。