1、2015年度第一学期高三英语阶段测试 （2015. 12）英语试卷时间; 120 分钟第I卷 （共103分）I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be s
2、poken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. She went to the center with her friendB. She wrote her friend a letterC. She told her friend to call he
3、r laterD. She asked her friend to come2. A.He had some ice creamB. He had a piece of cakeC. He had a piece of gum D. He had something to drink3. A. She thinks the man needs a vacationB. She thinks the man should be preparing for his testsC. She thinks the man doesnt need to worry about his exams D.
4、Shes not interested in surfing4. A. Use a different phoneB. Ask Tom to call the secretaryC. Wait until his secretary gets homeD. Leave before the phone rings 5. A. He liked Canada in the winterB. He liked Canada in spring, summer and fallC. He liked Canada all year aroundD. He did not like Canada6.
5、A. Both the man and the woman took the computer course last yearB. The man took the computer course but the woman didnt C. The woman took the computer course but the man didnt D. Neither the man nor the woman took the computer course. 7. A. He is nervousB. He is disappointedC. He is surprisedD. He i
6、s anxious8. A. He has seen the announcementB. He isnt sure what the announcement means C. He is uncertain where the hall isD. He doesnt know what shes talking about9. A. It is better than his ownB. It was made by a childC. It looks terribleD. It may win a prize10. A. Find a cleaner roomB. Have anoth
7、er meetingC. Clarify the issuesD. Clean the conference room Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read
8、the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Students liked the food from that shopB. It was so convenient for them to get food from that shopC. Many students wer
9、e taking courses on SaturdayD. That is the only shop which supplies breakfast to the nearby middle school. 12. A. She was sent to hospital in timeB. She ate only little of the food she bought from that shop C. She vomited out（呕吐）most of the food she ate D. She was treated by many medical specialists
10、 13. A. The cause of this food poisoning accident B. The number of people hit in the accident C. The time of this accident D. The conditions of most patients.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. To dig a hole all the way through the earthB. To dig for a jar full of treasure
11、s C. To dig for worms and insectsD. To realize their dreams by digging15. A. They volunteered their helpB. The admired the two brothers C. They thought the two brothers were crazyD. They thought the two brothers were ambitious16. A. You will find great fun in hard work. B. Dont laugh at friends, but
12、 give them a hand instead. C. If you try hard you will reach the goal you set yourself in your life. D. The meaning of a goal is to give you a direction to follow in your life. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you
13、hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.The Language she/ he wants to learnMan:
14、17. _Woman: 18. _How often19. _ a weekArrangementHalf session 20. _Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.WhoDavidMaryThings he/ she did or has been doing since graduation21. _ for two years and came back to 22.
15、_ six months ago.Has been 23. _Reason he/she likes the present jobFinds satisfaction in working for 24. _II. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fil
16、l in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In Memory of Steven Jobs(A)The man behind the Apple empire died on Oct 5. When asked (25) _ Steven Jobs is best remembered for, many of us would name a popular product: the ipone for
17、example. But in the eyes of Eric Jackson, a reporter with Forbes magazine, Jobs brought a lot more to the world than these particular devices. Here are some of the lessons he taught us: 1. The most (26)_ (endure) motivation mix art and science. Jobs pointed out that the team members working with App
18、le were tained in anthropology (人类学)，art, history, and poetry. He believed this was important in making Apples products (27)_ (stand) out. 2. Never fear failure. Jobs was fired by the successor he himself (28)_ (choose). (29)_ _ _ this, Jobs didnt hide away or try to get a new job. He picked himself
19、 up and got back to work.3. You cant look forward to connecting the dots - you can only look backwards. This means that, (30)_ much we try to explain things in advance, life will always be unpredictable. You cant connect the dots looking forward. But you have to trust that all the dots (31)_ (connec
20、t) in the future. 4. Listen to that voice in the back of your head that tells you if you are on the right track or not. Most of us simply decide that were going to work in finance or become a doctor because its what our parents tell us to do. (32)_ _ _ your voice is telling you, it is smart to liste
21、n to it-like Jobs did. (B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the countrys first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village
22、 of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week. Peter Fox, who is (33)_electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)_ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini
23、shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window. Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)_ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities. He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldnt
24、 find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)_. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term automatic shop is far (37)_ (appropriate)” In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)_ (force )village shops across t
25、he country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)_ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores. Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their own volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox
26、 hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) _those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. yieldB. referredC. overcameD. distinguishingA
27、B. contrastAC. reliesAD. basedBC. improvedBD. benefitsCD. productive ABC. geneticHybrid rice is rice that has been created by crossing two different parental breeds. Such crosses generally result in an F1 generation that is larger and more productive. The_41_ quality of the F1 generation is_42_ to a
28、s hybrid vigour. The hybrid vigour may result in superior qualities such as higher_43_, stronger resistance to diseases, more efficient use of soil nutrients, and better weed control. In the past, the production of rice was limited by the poor quality of breeds. In 1974, Chinese scientists _44_this
29、when they developed the first generation of hybrid rice using a three-line hybrid system _45_on CMS lines and hybrid combinations. In 1996, an even more efficient second generation of hybrid rice was developed based on PGMS lines.Traditional rice production _46_on rice varieties. When a rice variety
30、 is reproduced, it keeps its _47_characteristics, and farmers can keep seeds for replanting next season.In _48_, hybrid rice is the product of a cross and they are generally only produced by seed companies. Farmers cannot save seeds for replanting because self-fertilization will result in _49_ segre
31、gation(退化) of traits. Therefore, farmers need to buy new hybrid seeds every year. This may produce an economic hardship for the farmer, who has to balance the _50_of hybrid rice with the annual cost of purchasing new seeds.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the followin
32、g passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about fi
33、lms weve just watched or books weve just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we _52_ do with it? We gossip. About others behaviour and private lives, such as whos doing what with whom, whos in and whos out-and why; how to deal with
34、difficult _53_ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural _54_, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? Its not the case according to Prof
35、essor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really_55_issues.Dunbar _56_ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their m
36、anly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We dont spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar_57_, he goes on to say,
37、language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the _58_ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming-cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of s
38、ome kind of conflict within the group or_59_ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar _60_ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the _61_ it provided; on the
39、 other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to _62_ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be _63_ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a m
40、ore _64_ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one _65_ contact.51. A. claim B. descrip
41、tion C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for inst
42、ance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. mai
43、ntain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of t
44、hem there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals cant talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with th
45、eir bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird call
46、ed the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the hurt adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest. Another kind
47、 of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Bi
48、rds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They dont make nests. Instead, they get into other birds nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them. Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky.
49、 After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winners hand and start fighting again. Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food tha
50、t they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps dont hear them, and they dont need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying You cant fool M
51、other Nature. But maybe you cant trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by_.A. getting closer to its young B. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nest D. pretending to be injured67. By Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky (paragraph 5), the
52、 author means_.A. chimps are ready to attack others B. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winners D. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the f
53、ight by taking the winners hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie? B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie? D. H
54、ow does honesty help animals survive?(B)Lets say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year. How do you make that happen? Consider putting the habit loop to use.Heres how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First, theres a cue, something that tells your brain to operate automatically. Then t
55、heres a routine. And finally, a reward, which helps your brain learn to desire the behavior. Its what you can use to create-or break-habits of your own. Heres how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick. a reward-say, a piece of chocolate when you get home fr
56、om the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brain will start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you wont need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see
57、 the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue. B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward. D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most e
58、ffectively by_.A. changing the routine B. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goal D. writing it down72. Whats the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Years resolution.D. To m
59、otivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour. What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.
60、C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour. (C) If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wah
61、l, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. As I
62、looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partners pants, she said. Thats the picture I remember best.The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exa
63、ct view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another persons body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of s
64、low synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another persons body.Using such technology promises to alter peoples behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in figh
65、ting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who dont look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of peoples associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives
66、 such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants bias scores were lower. The idea is that once youve put yourself in anothers shoes youre less
67、 likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms, says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the p
68、roject. Its a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone.74. The word swapping (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to_.A. building B. exchanging C. controlling D. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that_.A. ou
69、r feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other peoples bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virt
70、ual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, _.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that_.A. technolo
71、gy helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the st
72、atements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But
73、many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works. Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior.
74、 Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation. So, companies often responded by trying to manage th
75、e risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks. All this is largely defensive, but
76、 there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a companys competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief exec
77、utives like to hear. The idea of doing well by doing good has become popular. Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and youre your competitors? Is there any really competitiv
78、e advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done
79、 well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply
80、donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_.81. According to the passage, good business (paragraph 6) means that corporations _ while making profits.第II卷
81、（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 毫无疑问，在背后说别人坏话，会给别人留下不好的印象。 （doubt ）2. 听说那个被判了10年监禁的罪犯在监狱里自杀了。 （sentence）3. 你年轻时越重视自己的健康状况，晚年时你就会变得更有活力。 （The more）4. 劳动力不足表明我国的人口危机已经到来，这正是政府鼓励生二胎的原因所在。（which）5. 靠熬夜来弥补你学习上的欠缺是没有用
82、的，优异的成绩需要不断的积累和坚持。 （lack）II. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.高考填报志愿（choose the colleges/universities and majors）在即，如果你是一个中等生，你会选择一个高于自己水平的高校继续深造并为之努力，还是选择一个与自己水平相符的普通院校完成你的大学学业？请选择一个角度，并谈谈自己的看法。2015年度第一学期高三英
83、语阶段测试 （2015. 12）英语试卷Key:第一大题第1至第10小题，每题1分；第11至第16小题，每题2分：第17至第24小题，每题1分。共30分。1. B 2.D 3.B 4. B 5.B 6.D 7. C 8.D 9.C 10. D11. C 12.C 13.A 14.A 15.C 16.D17. Chinese 18. English 19. Two afternoons 20. for each person21. Studied in Britain 22. Hongkong 23. A social worker 24. The disabled/ service cente
84、r第二大题每小题1分。共26分。25. what 26. enduring 27. stand 28. had chosen 29. In spite of 30. however 31. Will be connected 32. No matter what 33. an 34. is equipped 35. Which36. myself 37. more appropriate 38. has forced 39. urging 40. to41. H 42. B 43.A 44. C 45. G 46. F 47. D 48. E 49. H 50. I第三大题第51至65小题，每
85、题1分；第“至”小题，每题2分；第78至81小题，每题2分。共47分。51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. D 59. A 60. C61. D 62. D 63. B 64. B 65. C 66. D 67. B 68. A 69. A 70. C71.D 72.B 73.A 74.B 75.A 76.D 77.C78. shareholders and employees79. Companies talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments. / C
86、ompanies create codes of conduct. / Companies devote themselves to more transparency in their operations. / Companies set common rules with their competitors to spread risks.80. create value81. take social responsibilities 第II卷I翻译共22分。1. 毫无疑问，在背后说别人坏话，会给别人留下不好的印象。 （doubt ）No doubt,/There is no doubt
87、 that if you speak ill of others, you will leave a bad impression on others. .speaking ill of others will leave/ make a bad impression on others. 2. 听说那个被判了10年监禁的罪犯在监狱里自杀了。 （sentence）It is heard that the criminal who had been sentenced to jail for 10 years committed suicide in the jail. 3. 你年轻时越重视自己
88、的健康状况，晚年时你就会变得更有活力。 （attach ）The more importance you attach to your health at your early age, the more vigorous/ energetic you will be in your late years. 4. 劳动力不足表明我国的人口危机已经到来，这正是政府鼓励生二胎的原因所在。（which）The lack of labor force indicates that the population crisis in our country has come, which is the reason why the government encourages giving birth to a second child. 5. 靠熬夜来弥补你学习上的欠缺是没有用的，优异的成绩需要不断的积累和坚持。 （lack）It is no use making up for what you lack in study because excellent scores require constant accumulation and persistence. II写作共25分。
