1、2013年1月份百题精练（1）英语试题三、阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AFindings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic（身心的） Society Researchers in the United States studied 100,000 women during an eight-year period, beginning in 1994 All
2、 of the women were fifty or older The study was part of the Womens Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health The women were asked questions measuring their beliefs or ideas about the future The researchers attempted to identify each womans personality eight years after gatheri
3、ng the information The study found that hopeful individuals were 14% less likely than other women to have died from any cause The hopeful women were also 30% less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania was the lead
4、 author of the report She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life The researchers also gathered information about peoples education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes Independent of those things, the findings still
5、 showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile （怀敌意的）, or highly untrusting of others These women were 16% more likely to die than the others They also were 23% more likely to die of cancer The study al
6、so found women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes They were also more likely not to exercise Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a persons physical health She also says th
7、e study does not prove that negative （消极的） emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research 56 In which part of a newspaper can you read the above passage? A Nation B Opinion C ScienceD Business57 Researchers carry out t
8、he study to _A decide who is more likely to enjoy a happier lifeB find out the link between personality and healthC gather information for the National Institutes of HealthD compare each womans personality changes58 What can be inferred from the text?A Negative emotions cause a shorter life indeedB
9、There may be some link between personality and health C Its uncertain whether optimism affects ones healthD The more optimistic you are, the longer life you may enjoy 59 Who is more likely to die of cancer according to the text?A A woman who always doubts what others say B A woman who doesnt exercis
10、eC A woman with high blood pressureD A woman with poor physical healthBThe US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them It claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other entertainmentA cartoon man dressed
11、in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo Call me Haiz, he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertisingIts inventors say eight to twelve years old
12、is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities Kids that age are also a big market for advertisersThe idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser To know what the advertiser is really saying And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the chil
13、d to doChildren learn these things through a video game They create their own game character They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards The players have to find all the marketing in the
14、neighborhood before they can move on to the next levelThe Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing One such area is food marketing The Federal Trade Commission（FTC） says it is a big
15、 business The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009The FTC says children are important for three reasons They buy products They influence parents and caregivers to buy And they are the future adu
16、lt buyers of the productsA recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children60What is the best title of the text?A The guide of Admongo B An educa
17、tion website for childrenC A popular online video gameD A website aimed at children61 Why did the government start the website?A To attract the biggest market of buyersB To sell the products of its companyC To help children know about advertisingD To advertise the video game for children62 What can
18、players do in the website game?A Choose hair styles for their characterB Travel to a supermarketC Eat in a fast-food restaurantD Play video games during the trip63Children are important for advertising because they are A important for the society B the most potential buyersC easily influenced by ads
19、D easily affected by poor products CRestaurants do not include a service charge in the bill ,so you should tip （付小费）the waiter 15% of the total bill If service is slow or particularly bad , some Americans will tip only 10% If service is particularly good , it is appropriate to tip 20% If service is
20、so bad that you will never eat in the restaurant again , leave two cents This is deliberate insult（羞辱）, because it tells the waiter that you dont forget to leave a tip Tipping is only appropriate in restaurants which offer table service You do not tip the cashier in a fast food restaurantTaxi driver
21、s expect to get a tip equal to 15% of the total fare If the driver is especially helpful or has got you to your destination more quickly than expected , give a 20% tip Hotel bellboys expect a $1 tip for helping you with your bags If you order room service, the tip is included in the bill Coat checkr
22、oom attendants expect $ 1 per coat Hairdressers and barbers expect a tip of 15% of the bill Parking attendants expect a $ 1 tip Federal regulations prohibit letter carriers from accepting cash gifts in any amount , or gifts worth $ 20 or more from customersIf you are in doubt , ask whether it is app
23、ropriate to tip or whether a tip is included in the billBribery（贿赂）is not considered appropriate and often illegal Attempting to bribe a policeman will certainly get you arrested 64 Which of the following can not get tips ?A A taxi driver BA policeman C A restaurant waiter DA hotel bellboy65The unde
24、rlined word “deliberate” in paragraph 1 most means _ A intended B instant C previousD careless66What is the best title for this text?A Tipping B Service C Bill D Bribery D Parents who buy computers for their children may be damaging their exam results , according to new researchAccess to PCs and hig
25、h speed broadband can lead to a decline in test scores among young people , it was claimed The study suggested that computers could provide a distraction for schoolchildren as they spend hours socializing with friends and playing games Technology can also lead to a widening gap in education standard
26、s between rich and poor pupils as parents from working class households are less likely to monitor computer useProf Jacob Vigdor who co-wrote the report ,said : “Adults may think of computer technology as a productivity tool ,but the average kid doesnt share that perception”Researchers compared the
27、same childrens reading and math scores before and after they access to a home computer pupils with and without the technology were also compared Academics found that computers had negative impact on math and reading test scoresThe researchers concluded that home computers were put to more productive
28、 use in households where parental monitoring was more effective In disadvantaged households ,parents were less likely to check childrens computer use and guide sons and daughter towards educational programs67 According to the research, access to _ can harm childrens exam resultsA PCs and CDs B PCs a
29、nd bands CCDs and high-speed broadband D PCs and high-speed broadband68Schoolchildren mainly use computers to _ Astudy with friends B send e-mails C play games D watch movies69Adults may consider computer technology to be _A productive B negative C damaging D educational70Which of the following is t
30、rue ? A Rich households are less likely to monitor computer use B Working class households are less likely to monitor computer use C Parental monitoring was more effective in poor households D Rich and poor pupils have the same educational standards第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中
31、有两项为多余选项。Texting（发信息）may be preferred over phone calling by many young people, but too much text messaging may increase the risk of neck or shoulder pain, a new study shows Judith Gold, an assistant professor of epidemiology（流行病）at Temple Universitys College of Health Professions and Social Work, pr
32、esented evidence at this years meeting of the American Public Health Association, saying that college students texted more, and they reported more pain in their necks and shoulders She says in a news report that most people aged 18 to 21 prefer texting rather than email or phone calls 71 “What weve
33、seen so far is very similar to what we see with office workers whove spent most of their time at a computer,” Gold says “The way the body is positioned for texting - firmly fixed shoulders and back with rapidly moving fingers - is similar to the position for typing on a computer”“ 72 Its the age gro
34、up that texts the most, so its important to know what the health effects may be to learn whether it will cause long-term damage,” she says in a news report Gold and colleagues conducted a study of 138 college students to see if relations exist between the number of text messages sent per day and pai
35、n in the upper body They used body maps for the students to indicate areas of discomfort 73 The number of text messages is so big that they were surprised at itThe researchers say they found an association, only in male participants, between shoulder discomfort and the number of messages sent 74 Why
36、 would texting cause pain in the neck and shoulder rather than the wrists and arms? “We were really surprised at this, too,” Gold tells WebMD “Remember, this is just a beginning study 75 ”A They find that males might be easily influenced by physical discomfort related to textingB The students were a
37、sked how many text messages they sent per dayC That can possibly put the younger generation at increased risk for overuse injuriesD Further research needs to be done to confirm the resultsE Texting has become a major form of communicationF Looking around our campus, you can see many students on their cell phones, typing awayG This is true only in female participants参考答案5659CBDA 6063 BCAB 64-66 BA A 67-70 DCAB 71-75CFBAD