1、The future is scary but you cant just run to the past cause its familiar.未来会让人心生畏惧，但是我们却不能因为习惯了过去，就逃回过去。八年级下册Unit3-Unit4一词汇拓展1.stress (n.) (n.) 压力2.fairness (n.) (adj.) 合理的；恰当的 (adj.) 不合理的；不公正的3.relation (n.) (n.) 关系；联系munication (n.) (v.) 交流；沟通5.ill (adj.) (n.) 疾病；病6.elder (adj.) (adj.) (old的比较级)更年
2、长的7.proper (adj.) (adv.) 正确地；适当地8.typical (adj.) (n.) 类型；种类9.quick (adj.) (adv.) 迅速地；很快地10.usual (adj.) (adv.) 通常地；一般地11.clear (adj.) (adv.) 清楚地；清晰地；明白地12.neither (adv. & pron.) (pron.) (两者中的)任何一个13.secondly (adv.) (num.) 第二14.fold (v.) (v.) 使展开；打开15.sweep (v.) (过去式/过去分词)扫；打扫16.throw (v.) (过去式) (过去分
3、词)扔；掷17.borrow (v.) (过去式/过去分词)借；借用18.lend (v.) (过去式/过去分词)借给；借出19.develop (v.) (n.) 发展；成长 (adj.) 发展中的 (adj.) 发达的20.argue (v.) (n.) 争吵；争论pete (v.) (n.) 竞争22.cause (v.) (conj.) 因为23.drop (v.) (过去式/过去分词) (现在分词)落下；掉下24.explain (v.) (过去式/过去分词) (现在分词)解释；说明 (n.) 解释；说明二重点短语1.倒垃圾 2.频繁；总是 3.一就 4.目的是；为了 5.依靠；信赖
4、 6. take care of 7. look through 8. big deal 9. cut out pare with 11.依某人看 12.调低(音量) 13. 在上花费 14.叠衣服 15.扫地 16.work out 17. get on/along with 18.get into a fight with 19.a waste of time 20.in surprise 21.做家务 22.做完某事 23.与某人交流 24.参加课外活动 25.主动提出做某事 26.be afraid of pete with 28.as a result e over 30.fall
5、ill 31.为某人提供某物 32.学会做某事 33.洗碗 34.整理床铺 35.出去 36.give back 37.keep it clean and tidy 38.allow sb. to do sth. 39.be angry with sb. 40.do ones part in (doing) sth. 41.谈论 42.在前面 43.各种类型的 44.太多 45.擅长 三句型再现1. 我一坐到电视机前，我妈妈就走过来了。 The minute I down in front of the TV, my mom .2. 我就像你一样累。 Im just you are.3. 家务
6、活是浪费他们的时间。 Housework is a .4. 结果他经常生病而他的成绩也下降了。 , he often ill and his grades .5. 莉莉的妈妈为什么生她的气？ Why was Lilys mom her?6. 当飞机起飞的时候，天正下着大雪。 It heavily when the plane .7. 他们起得很早，以便能赶上第一班车。 They got up early they could the first bus.8. 孩子们穿上最好的衣服来庆祝春节。 The children their best clothes to the Spring Festi
7、val.9. 瞧！孩子们正在追逐一只小猫。 Look! The children a small cat.10. 我女儿正在写信时，其他的孩子都在外面玩耍。 My daughter a letter the other children outside.11我希望你能解决这个问题。 I hope you can the problem.12周末我经常和朋友闲逛。 I often with my friends on weekends.13昨天我哥哥和Tony打了一架。 Yesterday my brother with Tony.14我妈妈现在正在浏览报纸。 My mother is the
8、newspaper at the moment.15我弟弟拒绝和我一起玩，所以我很生气。My brother with me, so I was angry.16那个男孩直到妈妈回来才上床睡觉。 The boy to bed his mother came back.17我妈妈允许我做我喜欢的事情。 My mother allows the things .四知识解析1.For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.neither did I是“Neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”结构，表示前者所
9、描述的否定情况同样适用于后者，neither在此用作副词，表示“也不”。-I dont like this dress.-Neither do I.2.My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. as soon as引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”，要遵从“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。I will go as soon as she arrives.3.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. when和while引导时间
10、状语从句均表示“当时候”，when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。while表示时间段，因此，while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词，as强调两个动作同时发生，表示“一边一边”。When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day. Please dont talk so loud while others are working.Toms brother was playing t
11、he computer games while Tom was studying hard.Kate listens music as she walks in the park.4.The should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. (1) spend的用法 sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱” sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth. “花费多长时间做某事”【拓展】辨析spend
12、, pay, take和costspend主语是人spend.on sth./spend.(in) doing sth.pay主语是人pay for sth./pay sb. for sth.take 主语是itIt takes sb.+时间+to do sth.cost主语是物sth. costs sb.+金钱(2) in order to意为“为了”后面跟动词不定式，作目的状语。in order to可位于句中或者句首否定：in order not to do sth. 意为“为了不做某事”。5. It is the parents job to provide a clean and c
13、omfortable environment at home for their children. (1) It is+名词+to do sth.表示“做某事是”，其中的it为形式主语，后边的动词不定式才是真正的主语。(2) provide表示“提供”时，常用的结构为：provide sb. with sth.或者provide sth. for sth.“为某人提供某物”；【拓展】offer也表示“提供”，但结构有所不同，常用于“offer sb. sth.或者offer sth. to sb.”结构中，意为“为某人提供某物”。The government provided a lot o
14、f food and clothes for the flooded area. (受洪灾地区)=The government provided the flooded area with a lot of food and clothes.6.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. (1) 本句结构为“Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”结构，意为“做某事对某人来说”，此结构中的形容词多为描述事物特征的词，如e
15、asy, important, dangerous, necessary等。例如：It is important for you to study hard.It is not easy to learn a foreign language.【拓展】Its+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.意为“某人做某事是的”，此结构中的形容词多是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, foolish, polite等描述行为者性格、品质的词。It is very kind of you to lend me so much money.(2) how to do c
16、hores是“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作learn的宾语，动词不定式常与what, who, how, where, when等特殊疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。When to start is not decided yet. The question is what to do next.7.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.本句为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越越”。The harder you study, the better grad
17、es you can get.The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.8.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. (1) find sb. doing sth.表示“发现某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在进行。翻译：Tom found a man stealing something when he was in the supermarket yesterday. (2) look through意为“快速查看、浏览”。It i
18、s a good habit to look through newspapers every day.【拓展】look的相关短语look forward to 盼望、期待look up 查阅look into 调查look after 照看9.Although shes wrong, its not a big deal. (1) although是连词，意为“虽然、即使”，相当于though，引导让步状语从句。Although/Though my grandma is old, she is very healthy.(2) its not a big deal意为“没什么大不了、不是什么
19、大事”。Change the time of the meeting. Its not a big deal.10.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. (1) instead是副词，用于句尾，在句中作状语；instead of是介词短语，用于句中，后接名词、代词或动名词。He will be on duty instead of me tomorrow.They didnt go swimming. They went to play football instead.(2) whatever表示“无论什么、不管什
20、么”，引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。Whatever difficulties he may meet, he will overcome them.11.You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time. (P. 27)(1) explain表示“解释”，后常接名词作宾语，explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。The teacher explained the answer to the question to his students again and ag
21、ain. (2) mind的用法： mind doing sth. 介意做某事Would you mind opening the window please? mind sbs/sb doing sth. 介意某人做某事Do you mind my/me calling you at night?12.And they are always comparing them with other children.(1) be always doing sth.意为“一直做某事、总是做某事”，含有赞扬、抱怨或厌恶等感情色彩，不表示正在发生的动作。She was always moving thi
22、ngs around.(2) compare表示“比较”时，常用的结构有两个：compare.with.“把同比较”；compare.to.“把比作”。Dont compare your children with others. We often compare the little kids to the flowers of the motherland.课堂练习一经典句型1.Its the parents job to a clean and comfortable environment at home their children.在家里给他们的孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母
23、的职责。2. kids learn to be independent, it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。3.Although shes wrong, its not .尽管她错了，但也没有什么大不了的。4.My problem is that I cant my family.我的问题在于我不能和我的家人和睦相处。二情景交际表达请求或许可1. ?请你去遛狗好吗？OK, but I want to watch one show first.好的，但我想先看一个节目。2. ?我可以用你的电脑吗？Sorry. Im going to work
24、on it now.抱歉，我现在正要用。谈论问题3.You look sad, Kim. ?金，你看起来很难过。发生了什么？Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹在翻看我的东西。4.You look tired. Whats the matter?你看起来很累，怎么了？.我学习到深夜，所以我睡眠不足。给予建议5.What should I do? 我该做什么？ ? Although shes wrong,its not a big deal. 你为什么不忘掉它呢？尽管她错了，但也没有什么大不了的。
25、三.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子1.为了表明我们对他人的尊重，我们最好先听他们说。 show our respect for others, we had better listen to them first.2.现在在高中上学，我可以从图书馆借书。Now studying in high school, I can the library.3.阿库帕姆位于加纳东部。那里的太阳一直照耀着。Akuapem is in the eastern part of Ghana. The sun there shines .4.大多数人不知道攀岩是要依靠你的身体和意志的运动之
26、一。What most people dont know is that rock climbing is one of the sports that your body and mind.四用方框中所给词的适当形式填空develop,proper, communicate, borrow1.The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didnt know how to save her daughter .2.One day just before the summer vac
27、ation, he came to some art books.3.A story happened when the telegraph(电报)was the fastest method of long distance .4.Language is always changing and .阅读短文,然后根据内容回答所提问题。Hi, I am Paul. I have some experiences about the importance of first-aid training. One day, I was having lunch in the park with my g
28、randparents, my sister and her one-year-old daughter. Rose was sitting on my sisters knees and eating. My sister was watching her carefully because her teeth just started to grow. Then my sisters phone started to ring. She left Rose with my grandparents so she could focus on the call. I did not thin
29、k anything about this and started to play a game on my phone.Suddenly I heard Rose coughing. I looked up and found that Rose was breathing difficultly. My grandparents were standing up and looking worried.“We just gave her one nut,”my grandfather said.Immediately I ran to get my sister. She has had
30、first-aid training and knew just what to do. She used the Heimlich manoeuvre(海姆利克氏急救法),which pushed the nut out of Roses throat so she could breathe again. Accidents happen quickly and can cost a loved ones life if you do not know how to respond(作出反应). After that scary day, I decided to take first-a
31、id classes. My training has since helped me save a life too.One morning, my father was up a ladder(梯子)painting our house. I heard a loud noise and rushed outside. He was lying on the ground. He must have hit his head because his eyes were closed. I was scared but knew what to do. I moved his body in
32、to the recovery position(复苏体位), put a blanket over him and called an ambulance. If you get knocked out, your brain cannot help you breathe or stay warm. The fall could have caused some bleeding(失血)so the recovery position helps the throat clear. The ambulance men said I had done the right thing.I th
33、ink everyone should have first-aid training.1.When did Paul start to play a game on his phone? 2.What will happen if you dont know how to respond to accidents? 3.How did Pauls sister save Roses life? 4.Why did Paul keep his father in the recovery position? 5.According to the passage, what advice do you think Paul will give us?