广东省2013年高考英语二轮复习 题型技法指导专题三 阅读理解.doc

1、2013年高考第二轮复习英语广东版 题型技法指导 专题三阅读理解真题试做A（2012广东高考）“Have a nice day！”may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression.When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day”with a smile，I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me

2、 well.“Have a nice day.Next！” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door.The words come out in the same tone（腔调）with a fixed procedure.They_are_spoken_at_me，not_to_me.Obviously，the concern for my day and everyone elses i

3、s the managements attempt to increase business.The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other.Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting.As soon as you hear it，you know the meeting is at an end.Sometimes the expression saves us when we dont know what to say.“Oh，

4、you just had a tooth out？Im terribly sorry，but have a nice day.”The expression can be pleasant.If a stranger says “Have a nice day”to you，you may find it heartwarming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you.Although the use of the expression is an insincere，meaningless social custo

5、m at times，there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting.The salesgirl，the waitress，the teacher，and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day.But in a strange and comfortable way，its nice to know they care enough to pr

6、etend they care when they really dont care all that much.While the expression may not often be sincere，it is always spoken.The point is that people say it all the time when they like.1How does the author understand Maxies words?AMaxie shows her anxiety to the author.BMaxie really wishes the author a

7、 good day.CMaxie encourages the author to stay happy.DMaxie really worries about the authors security.2What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?AThe salesgril is rude.BThe salesgril is bored.CThe salesgirl cares about me.DThe salesgirl says the words as a routine.3By saying “Have a nice

8、 day，” a stranger may _.Atry to be polite to youBexpress respect to youCgive his blessing to youDshare his pleasure with you4According to the last paragraph，people say “Have a nice day” _.AsincerelyBas thanksCas a habitDencouragingly5What is the best title of the passage?AHave a Nice Day a Social Cu

9、stomBHave a Nice Day a Pleasant GestureCHave a Nice Day a Heartwarming GreetingDHave a Nice Day a Polite Ending of a ConversationBI have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.As a doctor，mother and scientist in child development I believe there is nothing to recommend it，from the bab

10、ys point of view.Mothers，doctors and nurses alike have no idea of where a babys blood sugar level lies.All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and makes a baby easily annoyed.In this state，the baby is difficult to calm down and sleep is impossible.The baby asks for attention

11、by crying and searching for food with its mouth.It is not just unkind but also dangerous to say a fourhourly feeding schedule will make a baby satisfied.The first of the experts to advocate a strict clockwatching schedule was Dr Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in the night.Ive never hear

12、d anything so ridiculous.Baby feeding shouldnt follow a timetable set by the mum.What is important is feeding a baby in the best way，though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.Well，at last we have copperbottomed research that supports demand feeding and points out the weaknesses o

13、f strictly timed feeding.The research finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5,7,11 and 14，than babies fed according to the clock.By the age of 8，their IQ(智商)scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable.This research comes from Oxford an

14、d Essex University using a sample(样本)of 10,419 children born in the early 1990s，taking account of parental education，family income，a childs sex and age，the mothers health and feeding style.These results dont surprise me.Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly growing brain

15、 by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.6According to Paragraph 2，one reason why a baby cries is that it feels _.Asick Bupset Csleepy Dhungry7What does the author think about Dr King?AHe is strict.BH

16、e is unkind.CHe has the wrong idea.DHe sets a timetable for mothers.8The word copperbottomed in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.Abasic BreliableCsurprising Dinteresting9What does the research tell us about feeding a baby on demand?AThe baby will sleep well.BThe baby will have its brain harmed

17、.CThe baby will have a low blood sugar level.DThe baby will grow to be wiser by the age of 8.10The author supports feeding the baby _.Ain the nightBevery four hoursCwhenever it wants foodDaccording to its blood sugar levelCI was blind，but I was ashamed of it if it was known.I refused to use a white

18、stick and hated asking for help.After all，I was a teenage girl，and I couldnt bear people to look at me and think I was not like them.I must have been a terrible danger on the roads.Coming across me wandering through the traffic，motorists probably would have to step rapidly on their brakes.Apart from

19、 that，there were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from work.One evening，I got off the bus about halfway home where I had to change buses，and as usual I ran into something.“Im awfully sorry，”I said and stepped forward only to run into it again.When it happened a third time，

20、I realized I had been apologizing to a lamppost.This was just one of the stupid things that constantly happened to me.So I carried on and found the bus stop，which was a request stop，where the bus wouldnt stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off.No one else was there and I had to try to guess i

21、f the bus had arrived.Generally in this situation，because I hated showing I was blind by asking for help，I tried to guess at the sound.Sometimes I would stop a big lorry and stand there feeling stupid as it drew away.In the end，I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for he

22、lp.But on this particular evening no one joined me at the stop；it seemed that everyone had suddenly decided not to travel by bus.Of course I heard plenty of buses pass，or I thought I did.But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of myself，I let them all go by.I stood there a

23、lone for half an hour without stopping one.Then I gave up.I decided to walk on to the next stop.11The girl refused to ask for help because she thought _.Ashe might be recognizedBasking for help looked sillyCshe was normal and independentDbeing found blind was embarrassing12After the girl got off the

24、 bus that evening，she_.Abegan to runBhit a person as usualChit a lamppost by accidentDwas caught by something13At the request stop that evening，the girl _.Astopped a big lorryBstopped the wrong busCmade no attempt to stop the busDwas not noticed by other people14What was the problem with guessing at

25、 the sound to stop a bus?AOther vehicles also stopped there.BIt was unreliable for making judgments.CMore lorries than buses responded to the girl.DIt took too much time for the girl to catch the bus.15Finally the girl decided to walk to the next stop，hoping _.Ato find people thereBto find more buse

26、s thereCto find the bus by herself thereDto find people more helpful thereDSaturday and Sunday afternoonsthe slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing.Sport events are the most popular weekend programs，especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other tim

27、es during the week.This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if televisio

28、n stations did not report certain sports.The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers.They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers，cars and life insurance.Golf

29、and tennis are special cases for television programming.These sports attract few viewers，and the ratings（收视率）are unusually low.However，the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers.It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States，including many lawyers

30、 and business managers.This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling highpriced cars，business and personal computers，and holiday trips.This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings.Advertisers are willing to pay high

31、fees to reach highincome consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computers.With such viewers，these programs dont need high ratings to stay on the air.16Television sport programs on weekend afternoons _.Aresult in more sport eventsBget more viewers to pl

32、ay sportsCmake more people interested in televisionDbring more money to the television networks17Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?ABecause there would be few viewers.BBecause the advertisers would be off work.CBecause television programs would go slowly.DBecause v

33、iewers would pay less for watching television.18In many families，men make decisions on _.Aholiday trips Bsports viewingCtelevision shopping Dexpensive purchases19The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because _.Atheir advertisers are carmakersBtheir viewers are attracted by sport

34、sCtheir advertisers target at rich peopleDtheir viewers can afford expensive cars20What is the passage mainly about?ATelevision ratings are determined by male viewers.BRich viewers contribute most to television companies.CSports are gaining importance in advertising on television.DCommercial adverti

35、sers are the major sponsors of sport events.考向分析一、分析近几年高考阅读理解题可知其呈现如下特点：1体裁多样，题材广泛短文基本都会包含记叙文、议论文和说明文。因此本书也会引导考生弄清各种体裁的特点，掌握其阅读方法。同时，近几年的高考阅读涉及了广泛的题材，如社会生活、学校生活、环境问题、个人经历和情感、科学等。2词汇量大，阅读比例加大近几年高考阅读理解词数一般在300400词之间，词汇量大，且从2011年起广东省阅读理解题由原来的3篇增加到4篇。短文长度基本不变，但整体阅读量明显增加。二、考点及考纲要求：英语考试大纲规定：要求考生能读懂公告、说明、广

36、告及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。具体包括以下6点：1理解主旨和要义；2理解文中具体信息；3根据上下文推断生词的词义；4作出简单判断和推理；5理解文章的基本结构；6理解作者的意图、观点和态度。特别提示：（1）在历年高考中，要求考生“理解文中具体信息”，即细节理解题所占比例最大。（2）以上1、2、3、4、6五项考纲要求在试题中的具体体现，我们在本书中分别称为主旨大意题、细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题。答题步骤一、掌握三种有效的阅读方法1略读（skimming）：即快速浏览文章的标题，首段或尾段，每段的首尾句以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语等重要部分，达到了解文章大意或中心思想的目的。

37、2寻读（scanning）：即带着问题或者关键词进行快速阅读，以最快速度寻找所需信息。3细读（careful reading）：即在略读和寻读之后，考生能基本了解文章大意和相关信息范围，这时在相关范围内逐字逐句地仔细阅读，并通过分析、综合、比较、联想等方法，结合相关常识或经验进行推理判断。二、由于个人情况不一样，解题的顺序也会有所差异，有人喜欢先看题再阅读，有人喜欢先阅读再看题。以下推荐5个步骤：1略读文章，了解文章大意及各段大意；2阅读题干及各选项，了解考查的内容；3带着问题或关键词用寻读法到文中找到相关句、段；4细读相关句、段进行推理判断，得出答案；5复读检查，验证答案，尤其对把握不大的题

38、目。规律方法一、细节理解题1细节理解题常见的命题方式有以下几种：（1）Which of the following is NOT included/mentioned in the passage?（2）Which of the following （sentences/statements）is NOT true according to the passage?（3）According to the passage，all of the following are TRUE except/but _.（4）The author mentions all of the following E

39、XCEPT _.（5）In the passage，the author states that _.（6）According to the passage，when （where，why，how，who，etc.）.（7）Choose the right order of the events given in the passage.（8）Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of.?（9）Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what.is like?

40、2解题方法细节理解题设题时为了避免出现原文中所用的词汇，常常用一些同义词，近义词或反义词（双重否定）。因而在解题时要注意语意转换。（1）设题之顺序原则：一般来说，题序与其相关信息在文中的顺序一致，如某题的答案信息往往会在下一小题的答案信息之前。（2）了解干扰项设置，主要有以下5种设置：正误并存：部分正确，部分错误。扩大或缩小范围：是原文信息，但不是题干要求的信息。偷换概念：符合常识，但不是文章的内容。以偏概全：与原句的内容极其相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动。无中生有：明显不是文章的信息，与文章事实不符或相反。（3）具体的解题步骤首先，迅速定位，缩小范围：通过寻读法（scanning），

41、用题干中的关键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。题干中可用来在文中搜索的关键词可能是专有名词、数词、实体名词，以及这些词的同义表达等。其次，理解其意，对照选项：在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读，准确理解，对照选项，看哪个选项的意思与之最接近。最后，排除干扰，选出答案。在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，不断缩小范围，选出正确答案，这就是我们常说的排除法。（4）特别提示留意否定词，如果题干中含有否定意义的词，如NOT，EXCEPT等，应特别留心。巧解排序题。采用“首尾定位法”，即先找到第一个动作和最后一个动作，缩小范围以便能迅速选出正确答案。3真题演练【例题】

42、（2012全国高考，C篇）Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example，in American culture（文化）the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives t

43、o a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion（困惑）across cultures.For example，many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places（alth

44、ough this is less common in big cities）.Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places；some Americans believe that Russians dont smile enough.In Southeast Asian cultures，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with

45、 a smile.49What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?ALove. BPoliteness.CJoy. DThankfulness.解题指导：细节理解题。由第一段第二句可知，在美国文化中，微笑通常是一种高兴的表示。由此可知，在美国微笑通常意味着高兴。故选C项。答案：C二、主旨大意题文章都有主旨大意，迅速抓住文章或段落的主旨大意极其重要。主旨大意题包括两种：主题类试题和标题类试题。第一类：主题类试题1常见的设问方式（1）The main idea/（central idea）of the passage is _.（2）The passa

46、ge is mainly about _.（3）The passage mainly discusses _.（4）The passage is concerned primarily about _.（5）Which of the following statements can best summarize/sum up the main idea of the passage?（6）Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?（7）What is the passage mai

47、nly about?2解题方法找到主题句是解题的关键，通过略读法搜寻各段主题句。主题句一般在文首、文末或首尾呼应；有时在文中；也有可能没有主题句。需要根据所述内容进行归纳，寻找主题句应注意以下四点：作者有意识地反复重复的观点通常是主旨大意。反复出现的词语一般是体现主旨的关键词。段落中出现转折时，该句极可能是主题句。首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能是主旨大意。以下文字提示，如therefore，but，however，thus，in fact，in short等之后的内容很可能就是文章主旨。当然，具体选择时要仔细推敲各个选项，排除错误选项，从而选出最佳答案。错误选项具有以下特点：概括不够（

48、多表现为部分代整体，从而导致不能全面概括文章大意）；过度概括（多表现为标题概括内容超出了文章大意）；以事实、细节替代抽象、具体的大意。3真题演练【例1】（2012浙江高考，C篇）Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever，even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country.I

49、n fact，according to an official report on youth violence，“In our country today，the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment，but the terrible reality of violence”.Given that this is the case，why arent students taught to manage conflict the w

50、ay they are taught to solve math problems，drive cars，or stay physically fit?50This article is mainly about _.Athe lives of school childrenBthe cause of arguments in schoolsChow to analyze youth violenceDhow to deal with school conflicts解题指导：主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要论述的是如何解决校园里发生的矛盾和冲突的问题。答案：D【例2】（2012全国新课

51、标，D篇）Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still

52、ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle，twinkle，little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.67What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

53、APeople remember well what they learned in childhood.BChildren have a better memory than grownups.CPoem reading is a good way to learn words.DStories for children are easy to remember.解题指导：根据文章第一段的“Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have nev

54、er practiced ever since.”可知，文章讲的是成年人常常惊叹他们非常好地记着儿时学过的东西。C、D两项断章取义，讲得太具体，B项错误，因为那是过度学习的结果，不是儿时记忆力好。所以A项正确。答案：A【例3】（2011安徽高考，C篇）They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives.If one falls，the other is there to catch him.“Your partner can save your lifeyou can save

55、 your partners life，” Wellman said as the pair received congratulations from friends.“There are real close ties.”67The main idea of the text is that_.Atwo heads are better than oneBfriendship is precious in lifeCthe disabled should never give upDa man can be destroyed but cannot be defeated解题指导：主旨大意

56、题。由上述第一段“They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives.If one falls，the other is there to catch him.”以及整篇文章所描述的二人之间的友谊可总结出，B项符合题意。答案：B第二类：标题类试题1常见的设问方式（1）The best title for the passage might be _.（2）The best title for the passage would be _.（3）Which of the foll

57、owing titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?2解题方法一个好的标题应具备以下3个特点：概括性，即凝练，准确而又简短；针对性，即标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目性，即新颖奇特，能引发读者的阅读欲望。因此有必要掌握以下三种方法：正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去尝试用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排除荒谬选项。研究备选项本身：研究备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、新奇性、概括性等。文章的标题应该新颖奇特，以激发读者的好奇心，吸引读

58、者的注意力。3真题演练【例1】（2012全国新课标，B篇）Honey（蜂蜜）from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar，it is also delicious.Most people，and many animals，like eating it.However，the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest and take the honey from it.Often，these nests are high up in t

59、rees，and it is difficult to find them.In parts of Africa，though，people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helpera little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey，but it does like the wax in the beehives（蜂房）.The little bird cannot reach this wax，

60、which is deep inside the bees nest.So，when it finds a suitable nest，it looks for someone to help it.The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people.Once it has their attention，it flies through the forest，waiting from time to time for the curious animal

61、 or person as it leads them to the nest.When they finally arrive at the nest，the_follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches.Some of the honey，and the wax，always falls to the ground，and this is when the honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know

62、why the honey guide likes eating the wax，but it is very determined in its efforts to get it.The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away.They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives，and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit

63、.63What can be the best title for the text?AWild BeesBBeekeeping in AfricaCWax and HoneyDHoneyLovers Helper解题指导：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了能够作为蜂蜜向导的小鸟儿，所以标题应为HoneyLovers Helper。答案：D【例2】（2012安徽高考，B篇）Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys?The answer depends largely on cultural values as

64、well as personal experiences.To the Egyptians，green was a color that represented the hope and joy of spring，while for Muslims，it means heaven.Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures.In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.For many nations，blue

65、is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs.Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils（灾祸）.Peoples choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies reactions（反应）toward them.Green is said to be the most restful color.It has the ability to reduce pain and

66、 relax people both mentally and physically.People who work in green environments have been found to have fewer stomach aches.Red can cause a persons blood pressure to rise and increase peoples appetites（食欲）.Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant.Similarly，many commerc

67、ial websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color that easily catches a persons eye.Blue is another calming color.Unlike red，blue can cause people to lose appetite.So if you want to eat less，some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.The next time you are deciding on what

68、to wear or what color to decorate your room，think about the color carefully.63Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?AColors and Human BeingsBThe Cultural Meaning of ColorCColors and Personal ExperiencesDThe Meaning and Function of Color解题指导：主旨大意题。整篇文章围绕着颜色的意义以及颜色的作用展开，所能

69、够体现文章主题的应该是D项。答案：D【例3】（2011安徽高考，D篇）Ireland has had a very difficult history.The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer（征服）Ireland.For hundreds of years，the Irish people fought against the English.Finally，in 1921，the British government was forced to give independenc

70、e to the south of Ireland.The result is that today there are two “Irelands”.Northern Ireland，in the north，is part of the United Kingdom.The Republic of Ireland，in the south，is an independent country.In the 1840s the main crop，potatoes，was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.T

71、his，and a shortage （短缺）of work，forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA，the UK，Australia and Canada.As a result of these problems，the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.For many years，the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.Today，many p

72、eople still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices.Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside，where things move at a quieter and slower pace.The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and friendly.Oscar Wilde，a famou

73、s Irish writer，once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”.Since independence，Ireland has revived（复兴）its own culture of music，language，literature and singing.Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.Other kinds of Irish mus

74、ic use many different instruments such as the violin，whistles，etc.71What can be the best title for the text?ALife in IrelandBA Very Difficult HistoryCIreland，Past and PresentDThe Independence of Ireland解题指导：主旨大意题。前两段介绍爱尔兰的历史，后两段介绍爱尔兰的现在。故C项符合题意。答案：C三、推理判断题第一类：推断隐含意义推理判断题要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑

75、推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。1设问方式这类试题的题干中常含infer（推断）/suggest/imply/indicate（暗示）/be likely to/.。常见的题干设题形式如下：（1）We can know from the passage that _.（2）We can infer from the （first/last）passage that _.（3）The passage/author implies/suggests that _.（4）It can be concl

76、uded from the passage that _.（5）The underlined sentence indicates that _.（6）From the passage we can draw the conclusion that _.2解题方法（1）解答这类题时，首先通过寻读找到相关信息点（推理的依据）；然后细读理解相关信息点的字面意义；结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。（2）几个注意点严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理，千万不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验；如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案

77、；如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论，也不是正确答案；如果某个选项所表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案；文中的虚拟语气和情态动词（should，must，may等）往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案；注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too，excessively，rather等，则常带有否定的口气。3真题演练【例1】（2012山东高考，C篇）.In 1983，after 20 years of use，Peters took down the wornout bridge.Repairs were

78、 made and crosspieces were replaced.The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983，hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge.Peters died in 1984，and a tenfoot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the proje

79、ct.71What can we learn about Amos Peters?AHe is remembered for his love of animals.BHe donated $1,000 to build the bridge.CHe was a member of the City Council.DHe was awarded a medal for building the bridge.解题指导：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“.a tenfoot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory

80、 of its builder and his devotion to the project.”可以推断，彼得斯因为爱动物，倡导修建这座桥而被人们记住。所以A项正确。答案：A【例2】（2011天津高考，A篇）.Accommodation ZonesHomestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2,3 and 4 of the transport system.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not res

81、idential（居住的）.Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area.It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.38What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?AZone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.BThe business centre of London is in Zone 1.CHosts dislike travelling to the city c

82、entre.DAccommodation in the city centre is not provided.解题指导：推理判断题。由本段第二句可知Zone 3和Zone 4不像Zone 2那么拥挤，由此排除A项；第二句只说明人们不喜欢居住在市中心，并没有说人们不去市中心，由此排除C项；本段只是提到市中心拥挤，并没有说到居住在市中心的家庭不为学生提供食宿，由此排除D项。答案：B【例3】（2012江西高考，C篇）Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship.It is a program

83、which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable_young_people （ages 717）with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve month

84、s.They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park，cooking，playing sport or going to a football match.These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive selfrespect，confidence and life direction.Emily and Sarah have been matched since March 2008.Emily is a 10ye

85、arold girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school.“I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.”70According to the passage，“vulnerable young people” are probably those who are _.Apopular at schoolBrather weak physicallyCeasily hurt emotionallyDconfi

86、dent in themselves解题指导：推理判断题。由文章的第一段可知这个项目可以为这些孩子提供玩伴和乐趣。再由文章的第三段可以得知，这个项目可以为孩子们提高自尊，自信和生活方向。再由文章的第五段可以得知，埃米莉在学校很难被同学接受。综上分析，可以得出vulnerable young people是C项：情感上容易受挫折的孩子。答案：C第二类：推断写作目的即要求考生根据短文内容推断作者写该文章的目的。1设问方式（1）The authors main purpose in writing the passage is to _.（2）The passage is meant to _.（3

87、）The authors purpose is to show _.（4）The purpose of the article is to _.2解题方法作者的写作目的通常有以下三种（1）娱乐读者；（2）说服读者接受某种观点；（3）告知读者某些信息。解此类题时主要有两种方法：主旨推断法和文体推断法。（1）主旨推断法：写作目的是阐述作者为何要表达某个中心主题，因此可根据主旨推断作者的写作目的。（2）文体推断法：根据文体的特点和用途来推断作者的写作目的。记叙文，特别是个人的有趣经历或幽默故事类的文章，其目的是娱乐读者；夹叙夹议的文章，其目的是让读者得到某种启示或教育；广告和议论文其目的是说服读者接

88、受某种产品，服务或接受某种观点；科普说明文或新闻报告，其目的是告知读者某些信息。3真题演练【例1】（2012全国高考，A篇）Cold weather can be hard on pets，just like it can be hard on people.Sometimes owners forget that their pets are just as used to the warm shelter（住所）as they are.Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time，thinkin

89、g that all animals are used to living outdoors.This can put their pets in danger of serious illness.There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad.If you have to take them out，stay outside with them.When youre cold enoug

90、h to go inside，they probably are too.If you must leave them outside for a long time，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter against the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of nonfrozen water.44What is the purpose of this text?ATo solve a problem.BTo give practical advice.CTo tell an interesting story.DTo

91、 present a research result.解题指导：考查作者的写作意图。根据第一段的中心句“There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.”可知，这是一篇说明文，其目的是为了给养宠物的人们一些实用的建议。答案：B【例2】Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing.However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.Attitudes to dirt still

92、differ hugely nowadays.Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist（免疫学家），encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the lat

93、ter position is gaining some ground.67What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo stress the role of dirt.BTo introduce the history of dirt.CTo call attention to the danger of dirt.DTo present the change of views on dirt.解题指导：推理判断题。上述第一段第二句即点明了本文的中心：对于脏没有固定的看法，这也是作者写本文的目的所在。答案：D【例3】.A cri

94、tical（批判的）eye is valuable，and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions.Unfortunately，that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests.People might become halfblind before a world partia

95、lly exhibited by the media.Thats a shame，because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.75What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?ATo encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.BTo warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with

96、 reviews.CTo blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.DTo show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.解题指导：推理判断题。本文开头部分提出了一种反面的观点，然后对此提出批判，最后点明了本文的中心媒体应该展现一些能让公众作出明智决定的信息。这也是作者的目的所在。故选D项。答案：D第三类：推断文章出处1设问方式（1）The text is most likely to be taken from _.

97、（2）Where does the text probably come from?（3）Where can we most probably read this text?2解题方法解这类推断题时，主要根据文章的内容或结构，及各种文体的特征来判断其出处。（1）广告：其用词和格式特殊，因此容易辨认；（2）报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称；（3）产品说明：其特点也比较明显，一般会介绍其名称、作用或操作方式。3真题演练【例题】（2011四川高考，C篇）The multimillion pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most v

98、isible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.Set to open in 2013，the 188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre，with which it will share some equipment.As digital media（媒介）is important to its_idea，the project is alread

99、y providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles，the LoB project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning.“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24hour services which can be used through m

100、any different ways.It is important to enable us to reach more people，more effectively.”The digital library will，he says，be as important as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services，making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete，the public has been a

101、ble to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB，designed by Baden，the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists.Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB，but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two o

102、ther small Birminghambased digital companies are also working on the LoB projects.Substrat，a digital design company，is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.It is about the use of an exciting smart phone，an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of deve

103、lopment.And The Peoples Archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots，in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says：“Technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open

104、 to citizens as never before.”52The text is most probably taken from _.Aa computer book Ba library guideCa project handbook Da newspaper report解题指导：推理判断题。文章开头用简短的话概括文章，结尾又予以评论，符合新闻报道的特点。故选D项。答案：D第四类：推断观点态度即要求考生推断作者对某事或某人的看法或作者所持观点。1常见设问方式（1）The author seems to be in favor of/against _.（2）The author

105、may probably agree with/support _.（3）Whats the authors opinion about.?（4）In the authors opinion，_.2解题方法根据文章的内容和作者的措辞能够推断作者所持的观点或看法，或判断作者的态度是客观的、主观的、肯定的、否定的、中立的或是推断的等。3真题演练【例1】Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s，genetically modified （GM，转基因）foods have been increasingly dev

106、eloped and marketed in many countries in the world，mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.But can GM technology solve world hunger problems？Even if it would，is it the best solution?.As a matter of fact，scientists see better ways to feed the world.Another World Bank rep

107、ort concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger，because better ways out are available，among which“green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.60Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?AOptimistic.

108、BDefensive.CDisapproving. DCasual.解题指导：推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句、作者在第二段所举的例子以及最后一段内容可判断，作者对转基因技术的态度是反对的。答案：C【例2】（2012全国新课标）We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables（乘法口诀表）are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are anot

109、her of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming（突击学习）for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is

110、 likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for ones future development.70What is the authors opinion on cramming?AIt leads to failure in college exams.BIts helpful only in a limited way.CIts possible to result in poor memory.DIt in

111、creases students learning interest.解题指导：根据文章最后一段中的“By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.”可知：突击学习只在有限的方面有帮助。所以B项正确。答案：B【例3】.In one sense，thats a good thing.But it also has a disadvantage.If yo

112、u continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them，then certainly you arent using your time to make new friends where you now live.And I suspect that probably isnt the best use of your time.Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other，face

113、 to face.The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end，but it wont stop that happening eventually.75What is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?AHe is uncertain about it. BHe is hopeful of it.CHe approves of it. DHe doubts it.解题指导：推理判断

114、题。由上述信息可推知，作者认为因特网在人们的交际中虽然起了一定的作用，但是还存在一些问题。由此推知作者对于因特网能够加强人们之间关系的作用有所怀疑。故选D项。答案：D第五类：推断目标读者即要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断此篇文章主要是写给谁看的。1设问方式（1）The passage is probably written for _.（2）Who is the passage written for?（3）The text is written mainly for _.2解题方法解此类题要根据文章内容，特别是从作者使用的词语和口气来判断。3真题演练【例题】Exploit your pa

115、rking spaceAn unused parking space or garage can make money.If you live near a city center or an airport，you could make anything up to 200 or 300 a week.Put an advertisement（广告）for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.Rent（出租）a roomSpare room？Not only will a lodger（房客）earn you an income，but also，thanks

116、to the governmentbacked “rent a room” program，you wont have to pay any tax on the first 4,500 you make per year.Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.Make money during special eventsDont want a fulltime lodger？Then rent on a shortterm basis.If you live in the capital，renting a room

117、out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money.Grashpadder can advertise your space.48For whom is the text most probably written?ALodgers. BAdvertisers.CHouse owners. DOnline companies.解题指导：推理判断题。文中围绕如何利用家中闲置的空间来赚取额外的收入进行论述，故其读者应多为房主。答案：C四、词义猜测题词义猜测型试题主要考查考生根据文章内容和所学知识推测词义的能力，可能是单词

118、、词组，也可能是生词或熟悉词（汇）的新义，或是一些词组的引申意义甚至整个句子。1设问方式（1）The underlined phrase “_” most probably means “_”.（2）The underlined word “_” in the.paragraph refers to “_”.（3）What do the underlined words “_” in Paragraph.mean?（4）The underlined word “_” in Paragraph.most likely means somebody or something that is _.（

119、5）The underlined word “_” in Paragraph.could best be replaced by _.（6）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “_” in Paragraph.?（7）By “_” the writer means _.（8）In the.paragraph，the word “_” means （refers to）_.（9）The underlined word “_” is closest in meaning to _.2解题方法做词义猜测题时，可以使用如下答

120、题技巧：（1）利用提示词或上下文猜测词义英语中的提示词能帮助读者推断词义，主要的提示词有表示定义关系的is/are，mean，（be）called等和表示同位语关系的that is，or，i.e.，such as，in other words，namely等。有时候有些生词的含义会以诸如破折号、括弧或逗号等标点“暗示”给读者。这是因为破折号、括弧或逗号具有解释、说明前面名词的功能。【例题】We were in Boston，a place not always known for small conversations between strangers.The woman stopped u

121、nloading her basket and looked up at me.She smiled.It was a nice smilewarm and reassuringand I returned her_gift by smiling back.Q：What does the underlined phrase “her gift” refer to?AHer words. BHer smile.CHer flowers. DHer politeness.解题指导：词义猜测题。这一个句子中先后出现smile和smiling两词，再结合上一句“She smiled.”可以判断，此处的

122、“礼物”指的就是“老妇人的微笑”。答案：B（2）利用对比、对照关系或反义词猜测词义在一个生词的前后有时会出现它的反义词或用来对比的词语，从而可以推知该生词的意思。这时应该特别注意表示转折关系或对比关系的连词（although，but，while等）、副词（instead，yet等）或介词短语（on the other hand，on the contrary等）。【例题】Of course，the good of oxen is not limited to plowing.In fact，they are seen as “boats_on_land” for their ability t

123、o carry loads.Besides，the whole body of an ox is full of treasures.Their meat and milk are food full of nutrition，and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes.With all these qualities，oxen are regarded as generous creatures.Q：The words “boats on land” underlined in the passage refer to _.Aan

124、imals for taking goodsBcreatures for pulling plowsCtreasures of the folk cultureDtools in the farming economy解题指导：词义猜测题。boats on land后面说明了原因：for their ability to carry loads，故用该短语来看待牛是因为它们运货的能力。答案：A（3）利用同义关系或同义词进行猜测联系上下文，有时会出现与生词同义或近义的词或短语，它往往暗示了该生词的含义。【例题】William Shakespeare said，“The web of our li

125、fe is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.”Q：The underlined word “mingled” in the passage most probably means _.Asimple BmixedCsad Dhappy解题指导：mingled 应该与good and ill together同义，指“交叉的，好的与坏的并存”。故答案为B项。答案：B（4）通过原因或结果关系猜测词义文章中的上下文常常有因果关系，根据原因可以推测出结果，根据结果也可以推测出原因。例如：because，since，as是连接原因状语从句的连词；s

126、o是连接结果状语从句的连词；so.that与such.that中的that是连接结果状语从句的连词。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中时，可以通过因果关系猜出生词的含义。【例题】Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules （分子）held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein.So it h

127、as come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein，or AFGP.Q：What does “glyco” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the passage mean?Asugar BiceCblood Dmolecule解题指导：由前一句“Because of its sugar content.”可知，在表示“蛋白质”的单词protein之前加的前缀glyco应该是表示“含糖分的”。答案：A（5）利用常识、自己的经验、经历及社会、科技等方面的知识猜测词义有时碰到生词，也不必惊慌。

128、根据对上下文或整句的理解，运用常识或相关的知识，也能猜出该生词的含义。3真题演练【例1】（2012福建高考，D篇）.Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains，but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages，and to understand how other people feel.Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to languag

129、e.A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to（for example：“The hand took hold of the ball”），the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed（in this example，actually taking hold of a ball）.68The underlined word “triggered”in the t

130、hird paragraph probably means “_”.Aset off Bcut offCbuilt up Dbroken up解题指导：词义猜测题。根据triggered所在的句子“一群研究人员发现，如果我们给人们句子听，同样的神经元被激起”。词组set off的含义是“激起，引起”。故选A项。答案：A【例2】（2012湖北高考，D篇）How is it that siblings（兄弟姐妹）can turn out so differently？One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in_a_different_fa

131、mily.The firstborn is，for a while，an only child，and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later.The next child is，for a while，the youngest，until the situation is changed by a new arrival.The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too.One sib

132、ling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years；another might be raised in a family crisis，with a disappointed mother or an angry father.63The underlined part “in a different family” （in Para.1）means“_”.Ain a different family environmentBin a different family traditionCin differe

133、nt family crisesDin different families解题指导：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“.different experience.”以及第一段最后一句中“.might live in a stable and close family in the first few years；another might be raised in a family crisis，with a disappointed mother and angry father.”可知，该短语意为“生活在不同的家庭环境中”，故A项正确。答案：A错混辨析1细节理解题易错点Some peop

134、le give their children names that mean good things.Clara means “bright”；Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”；Donald means “world ruler”；Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.The earliest last names，or surnames，were taken from place names.A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a

135、brook（小溪）；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long，paved road.The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their newborn son to become a world leader，the baby might be named _.ABeatrice Smith BLeonar

136、d CarterCGeorge Longstreet DDonald Greenwood思路解析：细节理解题。根据上述第一段“Donald means world ruler”和上述第二段“The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.”可知，他们很可能会给孩子取名Donald Greenwood。故选D项。错混透析：细节理解题常见错误类型：（1）张冠李戴。把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。（2）扩缩范围。英语文章为了表达的准确

137、、严密，很注意对范围的限定，有时通过加上almost all，nearly，more than，normally，usually等词对文意加以限制，“扩缩范围”干扰法就是通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程度、色彩等改变，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。（3）无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。此外，干扰项也可能就是与所阅读的文章内容没有任何联系。（4）偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。（5）文不对题。这类题最不容

138、易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。2主旨大意题易错点When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say，“Well，its soandsos fault.”or “I know Im late，but its not my fault；the car broke down.”It is probably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something e

139、lse for a bad situation，you are a loser.Once you are confident about your power over bad situations，problems are just stepping stones for success.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?AA Winners Secret.BA Winners Problem.CA Winners Opportunity.DA Winners Achievement.思路解析：主旨大意题。本文为

140、议论文，全文所讲都是围绕优胜者在处理问题时，不会责备别人或强调客观原因，他们会通过自己的能力去改善目前的状况，因此“This is the winners key to success.”所以A项 “优胜者的秘诀”可作本文的标题。应选A项。错混透析：主旨大意题常见错误类型：（1）以偏概全。要么抓不住文章的主题、脉络，理解偏离中心或断章取义、信息紊乱、不知所云；要么就是误把细节或具体事实当做文章的主题或只抓住了主题的一个侧面就误以为是主题。（2）范围过大。归纳的主题太泛，与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论证。干扰项归纳、概括笼统，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。（3）主观臆断。做题时全凭自我感觉先入为

141、主、自以为是。所选的答案往往超出文章的内容或背离作者的意图，以自己的观点代替作者的观点。3推理判断题易错点Without_modern_technology，a_small_pond_could_be_an_amazing_world_filled_with_strange_and_beautiful_plants，insects，birds，and_animals.What can we infer from the underlined sentence?APeople are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.BThe world a

142、round us could serve as a source of wonder.CThe world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.DModern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.思路解析：推理判断题。画线的句子是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，句意为“没有现代科技的话，一个小小的池塘就是一个美妙的世界，有奇异美丽的植物、昆虫、鸟类和动物”，由此推知事实情况是我们周围的世界就充满了奇迹。故选B项。错混透析：推理判断题常见错误类型：（

143、1）未经推断。把文章中已经明确介绍或说明的内容误以为推理判断的结论。（2）凭空想象。凭主观想象或自己的常识理解文章中的细节，而不是凭借文章信息进行推理，缺乏文章信息的支持。（3）断章取义。能够找到文章的信息依据，但理解片面，缺乏思维的严密性。4词义猜测题易错点The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about.But one more has just been addeda communications_blackout caused by solar storms.Now scientists believe that t

144、his peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth，causing strong solar storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and Internet links sending live Olympic broadcast from London.The underlined phrase“communications blackou

145、t”in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to _ during the 2012 Olympics.Athe extinguishing of the Olympic torchBthe collapse of broadcasting systemsCthe transportation breakdown in LondonDthe destruction of weather satellites思路解析：词义猜测题。根据下文的 “.jam the telecommunications satellites and Internet links sen

146、ding live Olympic broadcast from London.” 可知，它可以堵塞通讯卫星，影响奥林匹克广播的播放，由此推测它的意思应为 “广播系统瘫痪”。应选B项。错混透析：词义猜测题常见错误类型：（1）望文生义。仅仅理解了单词或短语的字面意义，而忽略了其真实的内在意义。（2）缺乏依据。忽视画线词语所处的特定语境和上下文的信息提示。一、记叙文（一）（2012广东佛山普通高中高三教学质量检测（二）My wife Julie and I were out on the road that runs around where we live.Two dog walkers pas

147、sed by and we heard one of them say，“Never seen that dog around here before.”We looked down the hill and saw an old black dog stumbling（蹒跚）painfully up the hill.We bent down，talked gently to the dog and patted it.I checked and there was a collar.There was a phone number on the collar，but no one answ

148、ered.The dog was painfully thin.It didnt have many teeth left and，well，it just seemed done.Julie ran home to get some of our dogs food while I tried to encourage the dog to come along with me.Julie got home and back again when I was only half way there.So，we sat down on the sidewalk while our new fr

149、iend made short work of the food.Eventually we got her home.We gave her a blanket，more food，kept her warm and wondered what to do next.After trying for many times we got a response from the number.A lady came around with a bunch of flowers for us.She explained that Tara had been her fathers dog.She

150、was very old and should probably be put to sleep，but the lady just couldnt bring herself to do it.So，Tara was safely returned home.Here is the truth of the story：Actually Julie and I were out that morning because I was leaving.She was trying to persuade me to come back，but I wasnt hearing anything t

151、hat made that sound likely.I was about to turn and go when an old，worn out dog walked between us and collapsed.Suddenly we had something more important than our_problem to worry about.There was a creature in need right before us and we had to work together to help it.We did help it.And here am I wri

152、ting the story in my own home，in my own family.In the song “Love Is Not a Fight” Warren Barfield talks about marriage.At one point he sings，“And if we try to leave，may God send angels to guard the door.”Sometimes angels come disguised （伪装）as dogs.1Which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe two d

153、og walkers didnt like the dog.BThe old black dog was sick and weak and couldnt walk.CAfter finding the dog，the writer phoned its owners.DMost of the dogs teeth had been pulled out by someone.2We can infer from Paragraph 4 that _.AJulie bought some food for the dogBthe writer had his own pet dogCthe

154、dog didnt go with the writerDthe dog didnt eat any of the food3After they got the dog home，the couple _.Adecided to raise the dogBtook good care of the dogCfound out that its owner was a ladyDfound it hard to get to sleep4The underlined part “our problem” in the passage refers to the fact that _.Ath

155、e writer didnt want to take Julies adviceBJulie disagreed with the writers travel on businessCan old and worn out dog appeared in front of themDthe couple had some trouble with their marriage5Which of the following is the best title for the passage?AA Helpful Couple. BAn Angel Dog.CSaving the Dog. D

156、A Famous Song.（二）The house was quiet at 5 a.m.and Tims mother was asleep.Only the sound of the big freezer broke the quiet.Hed dreamt of the cave last night.The purring（轻微颤动声）of the freezer had been the sea.Tim pulled on a sweater and put some apples into his schoolbag.It was too early for breakfast

157、.Hed eat after hed been through the cave，sitting on the rocks and staring at the sea.He wished he had a proper pack.His schoolbag would have to do.What else？Sandwichesbut his mother might wake up if he started pulling out bread for sandwiches.Shed want to know why he had to leave so early.He_settled

158、_for_some_biscuits，and left a note stuck at the table：Gone to Michaels.Back tonight.Tim.The sky was high and soft and light outside，though the sun still wasnt up.Even the highway up the hill was quiet as he made his way down the street.The wind from the sea was fresh and sweet.The sandhills still br

159、eathed heat from yesterdays sun，though the top of the sand was cool.He ran down to the beach impatiently，but there was no one，just dry sand dancing in the early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves.The light changed suddenly.The first rays of sunlight stretched across the sea.Th

160、e sun was pushing its way over the edge of the world.Over the first rocks，along to the point，Tim glanced back.The beach was still empty.The sun sailed higher in the sky.He could see the cave now，even darker in the morning light.The sand turned silver then dark gold as the water flowed away from it.H

161、e had to force himself to go closer.Why was it so much more mysterious now？But it would be silly to go back now after so much trouble.He neednt go in all the way.1What did Tim do at the beginning of the story?AHe left the house quietly.BHe had breakfast at home.CHe left a note on the freezer.DHe put

162、 a sweater in his schoolbag.2“He settled for some biscuits”（in Paragraph 3）means that Tim _.Ahad to leave the biscuits on the tableBliked biscuits better than sandwichesChad to take biscuits instead of sandwichesDcould only find some biscuits in the kitchen3What made it possible for Tim to see the e

163、ntry to the cave?AThe height of the first rocks.BThe ups and downs of the waves.CThe change in the position of the sun.DThe vast stretch of the sunlit beach.4Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the story?AThe sea looked like a piece of gold.BSeabirds flew away when Tim arrived.CTi

164、m was the only person on the beach.DThe sky got dark as Tim reached the cave.5In the story，Tims mood changed from _.Aloneliness to crazinessBanxiousness to excitementChelplessness to happinessDeagerness to nervousness（三）（2012广东惠州高三第二次调研考试）The drug store was closing for the night and Alfred Higgins w

165、as about to go home when his new boss approached him.“Empty your pockets please，Alfred，” Sam Carr demanded in a firm voice.Alfred pretended to be shocked but he knew hed been caught.From his coat he withdrew a makeup kit，a lipstick and two tubes of toothpaste.“Im disappointed in you，Alfred！” said th

166、e little grayhaired man.“Sorry，sir.Please forgive me.Its the first time Ive ever done such a thing，” Alfred lied，hoping to gain the old mans sympathy.Mr Carrs brow furrowed as he reached for the phone，“Do you take me for a fool？Lets see what the police have to say.But first Ill call your mother and

167、let her know her son is heading to jail.”“Do whatever you want，” Alfred shot back，trying to sound big.But deep down he felt like a child.He imagined his mother rushing in，eyes burning with anger，maybe in tears.Yet he wanted her to come quickly before Mr.Carr called the police.Mr.Carr was surprised w

168、hen Mrs.Higgins finally arrived.She was very calm，quiet and friendly.“Is Alfred in trouble？” she asked.“Hes been stealing from the store，” the old man coolly replied.Mrs.Higgins put out her hand and touched Mr.Carrs arm with great gentleness as if she knew just how he felt.She spoke as if she did no

169、t want to cause him any more trouble.“What do you want to do，Mr.Carr？”The womans calm and gentle manner disarmed the onceangry storeowner.“I was going to get a cop.But I dont want to be cruel.Tell your son not to come back here again，and Ill let it go.” Then he warmly shook Mrs.Higginss hand.Mrs.Hig

170、gins thanked the old man for his kindness，then mother and son left.They walked along the street in silence.When they arrived home his mother simply said，“Go to bed，you fool.”In his bedroom，Alfred heard his mother in the kitchen.He felt no shame，only pride in his mothers actions.“She was smooth！” he

171、thought.He went to the kitchen to tell her how great she was，but was shocked by what he saw.His mothers face looked frightened，broken.Not the cool，bright face he saw earlier.Her lips moved nervously.She looked very old.There were tears in her eyes.This picture of his mother made him want to cry.He f

172、elt his youth ending.He saw all the troubles he brought her and the deep lines of worry in her grey face.It seemed to him that this was the first time he had ever really seen his mother.1Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AAlfred tried to sound big to hide his fear.BIt was the f

173、irst time Alfred had stolen anything.CMr.Carr set a trap to catch Alfred stealing.DMr.Carr had planned to forgive Alfred from the beginning.2What does the underlined word “disarmed” probably mean?AAnnoyed.BConvinced.CGot over. DMade less angry.3What impressed Alfred most about his mother at the drug

174、store was _.Ahow angry she wasBhow effectively she handled Mr.CarrCthat she didnt cryDthat she was able to save him4What was the mothers attitude toward Alfred?AShe was very strict with him.BShe was supportive of him.CShe felt disappointed with him.DShe was afraid of him.5From the last paragraph，we

175、know that Alfred _.Awas no longer a youthBfelt proud of his motherCfelt guilty and regretful for his deedDwanted his mother to be happy（四）（2012广东汕头一模）We all，at one time or another，have pretended to be a rock star，singing and dancing along to our favorite song.Most of us have done this in the privacy

176、 of our own room when we were kids and as adults，in the privacy of our homes.Me？I love to do that when I drive！I turn on the radio，find a song that I can sing along too and pretty soon my arms are in the air and I am moving along to the rhythm.Most of the time，I do this on my way to work.Yes，that is

177、 true，I will be in my nice work clothes，jamming while driving or stopped at a traffic light I get weird（古怪的）looks from some people and others laugh.Personally，I love to get lost in the rhythm of a song which leads me to share with you the importance of being silly!The definition for the word silly，a

178、ccording to the dictionary is：stupid，foolish and nonsensical.I know many people do not want to look foolish.So they walk around all serious，which，in all honesty，is foolish!No one is perfect，I repeat：no one is perfect.I dont care how educated，how thin，how beautiful，how simple，how frugal，how rich，and

179、so on.No one is perfect！So why pretend to be something you are not?Life is so short.You never know when this beautiful journey will be over，so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity（呆板）？Here is a quote by Souza，that I think says it all and is a great recipe for life：“Dance as though

180、no one is watching you，Love as though you have never been hurt before，Sing as though no one can hear you，Live as though heaven is on earth.”When we were kids，we had no idea of what limitations were and we had no care in the world so we could do things without worrying about how we appeared to others

181、.However，as we grew up，we lost that childlike innocence.So dont lose the child that still lives within you.The next time you feel down，go turn on your favorite song，and sing and dance along like there is no tomorrow.Or watch something that makes you laugh.Laughter is the best medicine to whatever ai

182、ls（使痛苦）you and nothing is better than laughing so hard that your stomach hurts.Trust me，you will feel a whole lot better，and who doesnt want to feel good?1According to the text，what does the writer usually do?AHe repeats the words of songs.BHe sings songs on his way to work.CHe dances in his own hom

183、e.DHe shares music with other drivers.2What does the writer think of the people who look very serious?AThey are honest. BThey are educated.CThey are perfect. DThey are silly.3The writer quotes Souza to show that _.Alife is a beautiful journeyBlife is full of rigidityClife is to be treasuredDlife is

184、a great recipe4Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AWhen we were kids，we didnt care about what others thought of us.BDont be as silly as a child.CThe author gets lost because he is singing while driving.DWe all want to be a rock star，singing and dancing.5Which of the following would

185、 be the best title for the text?AThe Innocence of Being a ChildBThe Importance of Being SillyCNo One Is PerfectDLife Is Short（五）It was pouring outside.We all stood there under the awning（布蓬）just inside the door of the WalMart.We waited，patiently.I got lost in the sound and sight of the heavens washi

186、ng away the dirt and dust of the world.Suddenly a little girls voice was so sweet as it broke the hypnotic（催眠的）dream we were all caught in.“Mom，lets run through the rain，”she said.I thought she had been shopping with her Mom in WalMart.“What？”Mom asked.“Lets run through the rain！”She repeated.“No，ho

187、ney.Well wait until it slows down a bit，”Mom replied.This young child waited about another minute and repeated：“Mom，lets run through the rain.”“Well get wet if we do，”Mom said.“No，we wont，Mom.Thats not what you said this morning，”the young girl said as she tugged at her Moms arm.“This morning？When d

188、id I say we could run through the rain and not get wet？”“Dont you remember？When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer，you said，If God can get us through this，he can get us through anything！”The entire crowd stopped dead silent.I swear you couldnt hear anything but the rain.No one came or left i

189、n the next few minutes.Mom paused and thought for a moment about what she would say.“Honey，you_are_absolutely_right.Lets_run_through_the_rain.If_we_get_wet，well_maybe_we_just_need_washing，”Mom said.Then off they ran.We all stood watching，smiling and laughing as they ran past the stopped cars，holding

190、 their shopping bags over their heads just in case.They got soaked.But they were followed by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the way to their cars.And yes，I did.I ran.I got wet.I needed washing.Circumstances or people can take away your material possessions，they can take away your m

191、oney，and they can take away your health.But no one can ever take away your precious memories.So，dont forget to make time and take the opportunities to make memories every day!1Whats the most probable title of the passage?ARun Through the RainBRain，My ExperienceCChild，Braver than MotherDChild and Mot

192、her2From the underlined paragraph we can infer that _.Athe mother had to follow what her child requiredBthe mother thought that was a moment of affirmation（肯定）in a young childs lifeCthe child was cleverer than the motherDthe childs requirement was quite strong3We can conclude that the attitude of th

193、e author might be _.Asympathy BindifferentCsupportive Dnegative4We believe that by running through the rain，the girl _.Areally wanted to go home as soon as possibleBneeded washing very muchCwanted to show that she was braver than her motherDhad a strong wish that her father would get through his can

194、cer5The main idea of the last paragraph is that _.Ahealth，money and material possessions are more precious than memoriesBmemories are more precious than your health，your possessions and so onCkeeping your memories every day is not easyDno one can take away what the author possesses（六）I had the meane

195、st mother in the world.While other kids ate candy for breakfast，I had to have cereal，eggs and toast.Others had cokes and candy for lunch，while we had to eat a sandwich.As you can guess，my supper was different from the other kids.But at least I was not alone in my suffering.My sister and two brothers

196、 had the same mean mother as I did.My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times.She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing.We had to wear clean clothes every day.Other kids always wore their clothes for days.We reached the height of disgrace because she made our clothes

197、herself，just to save money.The worst was yet to come.We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next morning.So while my friends slept，my mother actually had the courage to break Child Labor Law.She made us work.I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things for us to do.T

198、hrough the years，our friends report cards had beautiful colors on them，black for passing，red for failing.My mother，however，would merely be content with black marks.None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout.She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults.Using this as a backgrou

199、nd，Im now trying to bring up my three children.Im filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world.1From the passage we can learn that the writers mother was _.Anot generous at allBvery strict with her childrenCvery me

200、an with money mattersDvery cruel to her children2Which of the following things did the writer hate to do most?AEating differently from other kids.BWearing clean clothes made by mother.CGoing to bed early and getting up early.DLetting mother know where they were.3It can be inferred from the passage t

201、hat _.Athe writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studiesBmother was punished for breaking the Labor LawCall the other kids studied better than the writerDthe writers family lived a miserable life4Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AMother practised eco

202、nomy in running her home.BThe writer is very thankful to her mother.CThe writer is severe with her children when bringing them up.DThe writer has a deep hatred for her mother.5The passage was written in a way of _ tone.Ahumorous BhatefulCridiculous Dcritical（七）As I grew older，Dad was to build all so

203、rts of things for me as I explored a variety of interests：magic tricks，a toy circus，neighborhood shows and science projects.From as early as I can remember to the time I left home for college，I continued to come to him with a design or an idea，and he would figure out how to build it.In fifth grade，a

204、 schoolmate and I wrote a puppet（木偶）show that we wanted to perform for our class.I made the puppet heads myself，and I made the costumes and curtains with Momwho was as expert designing and sewing with cloth as my father was designing and working with wood and metal.With Dad I made the puppet stage，i

205、n our own invented style between kid and adult with me saying something like，“It has to be this high，and it needs to come apart and fold up so it can fit in the backseat of the car，and it needs to set up fast，and it needs to have different colored lights on top with switches you can reach to control

206、 them and a curtain you can pull from under it，even if you still have a puppet on your hand.” Dad figured out how to make it all work，making plans as we went along.Then with the tools in his shop he built it，and I helped.Dad also spent a lot of time out in the garage or in the driveway working on th

207、e family car.I dont remember that he ever took it to a professional autorepair shop，Maybe to save money，but also because he could usually figure out what needed fixing，just by taking it apart and looking.Though not trained as an auto mechanic，he could look under the engine cover and take parts and p

208、ieces out，spread them on a tarp （油布）to catch the oil and figure out what was supposed to happen to the machine and then figure out what wasnt happening and then replace the wornont part or whatever and then put everything back together again.1If you are the writer，you are supposed to write about _ a

209、head of the first paragraph.Afathers achievement in mechanicsBfathers love and skills in mechanicsCfathers experience at repairing carsDfathers inventions in mechanics2Who helped the writer to make the puppet?AThe writer himself. BHis classmate.CHis teacher. DHis parents.3Before the writer went to c

210、ollege，he always turned to his father for _.Adesigning a machineBbuilding his design or ideaCmaking a puppet showDbuilding a show stage4According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?AThe writers car is always breaking down.BFather works in a car repairing shop.CRepairing in a shop can save

211、 much money.DFather was good at mending his car.5The purpose of the writers writing the passage is _.Ato tell how his father made a puppet for himBin memory of his parentsCto describe to the readers his memories about his fatherDto argue that parents should help children to explore the world and mak

212、e inventions（八）Outside our hotel in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam，a seemingly ancient woman waited beside the door with her hand outstretched.Every day I put my hand in hers as our eyes met.She never failed to return my smile，my grasp，and my greeting.On the last day of our visit，I found myself alone on a

213、 busy corner across the street from our hotel.Bicycles and motorbikes rushed in front of me.As I hesitated on the sidewalk，I felt a hand on my elbow and looked down to see the smile of my small beggar friend looking up at me.She nodded her head toward the street，indicating that she would take me acr

214、oss.Together，we moved slowly into the chaos.Then we moved on toward the sidewalk，where she pulled my face down to hers，kissed me on both cheeks，and then left，still，smiling and waving back to me.Traveling in poorer nations.I have witnessed a variety of ways to deal with beggars.The most common respon

215、se of tourists faced with the povertystrivken is to ignore them and focus their eyes elsewhere. I have seen people push away an outstretched hand in angry annoyance.A few may drop a few coins into the hand in a hurry，hoping that other ragged pursuers wont immediately appear on the scene.For many rea

216、sons，giving money is not the best response to an outstretched hand.Many world travelers have discovered that the greatest gift they can give is their time and respect.Everyone needs recognition，to be seen as worthy of being known，to feel appreciated and loved.And I believe that everyone is worthy an

217、d worth knowing.1The woman beggars helped the author go across the busy street because _.Athe author gave her material assistanceBthe author treated her kindly and friendlyCthe author would help her as a rewardDthe author was a foreigner2From the story，what position of the beggars in the authors min

218、d might be?AEqual. BSuperior.CLower. DValuable.3In common cases，people will do the following things to the beggars EXCEPT for _.Apretending to see nothingBhanding out some moneyCrefusing them angrilyDgreeting them normally4According to the author，the most important things beggars really need are _.A

219、mercy and pity Bmoney and foodCsmile and greeting Dattention and respect5The purpose of the passage is to _.Ashow how poor the beggars are in VietnamBoffer some advice on dealing with beggingCexpress what we should offer the beggarsDdescribe an experience with a beggar二、议论文（一）（2012福建高考，E篇）Holidays a

220、re really important.Many of us will have childhood memories of summer holidays where we were taken away from home to experience new environments and learn in different ways.But holidays are expensive and，for those on low wages or living on benefits，they are often unobtainable.Even the cheapest holid

221、ays require travel and other additional costs that are difficult for many families to meet.For working parents，the long summer break can be a very difficult problem for childcare.When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks，there is a need to spread this across the year.Couples can find

222、 themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday.For some，this makes even an affordable family holiday difficult.The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment.The numb

223、er of children receiving free school meals is quite large in Nottingham and many schools have breakfast clubs to make sure that children get a healthy start to the day.Most schools undertake programs of group or individual educational support.Schools also have an important role in safeguarding child

224、rens welfare through the ongoing touch and support with their pupils.During the long summer holidays，much of this is missed.While teachers are holidaying in the UK，many of their pupils spend the whole six weeks on the street where they live.The lack of free school meals for six weeks can result in p

225、ressure on a family budget and an inability to afford the inspiring experiences that help children to continue their learning.In setting out its plans for a fiveterm year，Nottingham City Council（委员会）is seeking to reduce the summer holiday down to four and a half weeks，with a more balanced five terms

226、 of roughly eight weeks，each followed by a twoweek break.We believe this will give real “down time” for school staff and pupils alike but will be short enough not to cause a real break in learning.We acknowledge that this change may be difficult for some school staff，particularly whose own children

227、are educated in other authorities.However，this must be weighed against the benefits for city children for whom we all have the greatest duty of care.1The passage is probably written by _.Aan experienced teacherBa working parentCan inspired studentDa city council member2The underlined word “they” in

228、the second paragraph refers to “_”.Aenvironments BholidaysCwages Dbenefits3It is suggested in the passage that the summer break be reduced to _.A2 weeks B4.5 weeksC5 weeks D6 weeks4The plans for a shorter summer holiday will help students _.Aobtain the cheapest holidays without additional costsBget

229、a chance to spend six weeks a term with teachers in schoolCbenefit more from the caring and inspiring learning environmentDhave more school days to receive free school meals5It can be inferred from the passage that _.Aworking parents can enjoy a fiveweek break to care for their childrenBthe suggeste

230、d plans for a fiveterm school year can hardly be carried outCthe long summer holiday gives teachers and students real “down time”Dsome school staff will say “No” to the plans for a shorter summer holiday（二）（2012天津卷高考，D篇）You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator.W

231、hen you choose to be a victim，the world is a cold and difficult place.“They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering.“They” are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as “they” are around.Or you may blame yourself for all your problems，thus internalizing（内化）your victimizati

232、on.The truth is，your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently.They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives，but they dont let this get in the way.They know they have t

233、heir weaknesses，yet they dont blame themselves when they fail.Whatever happens，they have choice in the matter.They believe their dance with each sacred（神圣的）moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.Victims a

234、nd creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities，yet their experience of life is worlds apart.Victims relish （沉溺）in anger，guilt，and other emotions that cause others and even themselves to feel like victims，too.Creators consciously choose love，inspiration，

235、and other qualities which inspire not only themselves，but all around them.Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives.One person，on losing a job or a special relationship，may

236、 feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months，years，or even a lifetime.Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief，then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.In every moment and every circumstan

237、ce，you can choose to have a fuller，richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within，and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.1What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?APeople and things around you.BOpportunities and problems.CCreators

238、and their choices.DVictims and their sufferings.2According to Paragraph 2，creators _.Aseem willing to experience failures in lifeBpossess the ability to predict future lifeChandle ups and downs of life wiselyDhave potential to create something new3What can we learn from Paragraph 3?ACreators and vic

239、tims face quite different things in life.BCreators and victims are masters of their lives.CVictims can influence more people than creators.DCompared with victims，creators are more emotional.4The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _.Astrong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into

240、victimsBpeople need family support to deal with challenges in lifeCit takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their painsDones experiences determine his attitude toward life5What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo define victims and creators.BTo evaluate victims against creato

241、rs.CTo explain the relationship between victims and creators.DTo suggest the transformation from victims to creators.（三）（2012广东广州二模）I live in Mumbai，India，a big city，but I came from a remote Kerala village.When I was a boy，hardly anyone spoke English around me.So，at the age of nine，Dad sent me to Mo

242、ntfort，an exclusive boarding school.There，I had to speak English or be punished.My uniform was typical English public school：grey jacket，tie，and black leather shoesso different from the clothes most people in my village wore.And our official school sport was cricket，something Id never heard of，let a

243、lone played，before arriving.Montfort had been built for the children of the British officials who once ruled India，but by the time I arrived in 1961，nearly all the students were from powerful Indian families.Its English traditions，however，continued.When I returned home for the holidays still wearing

244、 my uniform，people stared at me like I was an alien.“Speak some English，”they teased.Looking back，I unwittingly brought a bit of English culture to my village.But English and too much Western influence are precisely what many traditionalists and politicians fear.They ask，“Will such influences finish

245、 off our own culture？”Various leaders have tried to erase the British traditions，pulling down old British statures and replacing many Britishrule city names with older native names.Some even advocate changing our weekly day of rest from the “Western” Sunday to the “Hindu” Tuesday.Extreme responses I

246、 say.You cant change history，and its only natural for foreign influences to affect a nations culture.So Indian culture，as it is today，is really a mixture derived from centuries of foreign invasions.Add to that the massive changes of the 20th century resulting from the television，jetage travel，the In

247、ternet，etc.Everything from clothes and language to food keeps changing，yet we remain Indian.I believe that Asian cultures are too ancient and deeprooted to be weakened by foreign influences.Allow me to illustrate ray point.Some time ago，I took my visiting Singaporebornandraised cousin to a Chinese r

248、estaurant for dinner.Later，while driving home.I talked about the fine Chinese food wed just had.“Was that Chinese food？”my cousin exclaimed.“Oh，I didnt know.”It must have tasted too Indian for him to realise it.Meanwhile，like countless others，my village has transformed over the past decades.Many peo

249、ple wear modern clothes and TV brings cricket into local homes.Theres even an Englishlanguage school，where you can hear kids giggling，yelling，flirtingall in English，but with an Indian accent.Just like the Chinese food you get in India.Are these foreign influences something to worry about？I dont thin

250、k so.Indias Chinese food tastes pretty good to me!1What can we infer about the author?AHe was a supporter of British rule in India.BHe came from a wealthy family.CHis family was unpopular in the village.DHe was partly educated in Britain.2Which of the following are mentioned by the author as British

251、 influences on Indian society?aPlace namesbLanguagecFooddArchitectureeSportfEducationAa，b，d，e Bb，d，e，fCa，b，e，f Db，c，e，f3Why does the author use the example of Chinese food in India?ATo show how foreign customs are adapted to suit local conditions.BTo argue that overseas influences have enriched the

252、lives of local people.CTo explain why foreign influences on local culture should be limited.DTo indicate the loss of local cultural traditions resulting from foreign influences.4In the last part of the passage，the author again refers to his village to show _.Alife there has improved a lotBits cultur

253、e has become less IndianCculture continues to change over timeDhis disapproval of modern youth5The main purpose of the passage is to _.Ainform BpersuadeCdescribe Dcriticise（四）（2012广东汕头二模）An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.It is not exactly a bribe（贿赂），b

254、ut is close to it.All sorts of people are apple polishers，including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody.Oliver Cromwell，the great English leader，offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party，but failed.There are other phrases meaning the same thing as “appl

255、epolishing”“softsoaping” or “butteringup”.A gift is just one way to “softsoap” somebody，or to “butter him up”.Another that is just as effective is flattery，giving someone high praisetelling him how good he looks，or how well he speaks，or how talented and wise he is.Endless are the ways of flattery.Wh

256、o does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is.In truth，flattery is good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it.We need it to be more sure of ourselves.It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.But if we just lap it up for its f

257、ood value and nourishment，as a cat laps up milk，then we can still remain true to ourselves.Sometimes，however，flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it.A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England.The king got tired of listening to end

258、less sickening flattery of his courtiers（朝臣）.They overpraised him to the skies，as a man of limitless might.He decided to teach them a lesson.He took them to the seashore and sat down.Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in.The tide was too busy to listen to him.The king was satisfied.This might

259、show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.1Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “applepolishing”？AA boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.BAn employee tells her boss how good he is at management.CA knight is said to be of limitless power b

260、y his followers.DA teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.2What does the writer want to prove with Cromwells example?AEverybody can be an applepolisher.BCromwell was not a good applepolisher.CGeorgo Fox and his party were not applepolishers.DThere are people who dont like being app

261、lepolished.3Which of the following statements about flattery is TRUE according to the author?AToo much flattery can carry us away.BFlattery is too empty to do people any good.CFlattery can get you nothing but excessive（过度的）pride.DFlattery is one of the ways to applepolish people.4King Canute of Denm

262、ark and England took his follows to the seashore because _.Ahe was sick of his normal lifeBhe disliked being overpraised any moreChe wanted them to realize how wise he wasDhe wanted them to see how weak he was as a king5The author thinks that flattery can do good to those who _.Aare politicians or i

263、n high officesBlack confidenceCare really excellentDthink highly of themselves（五）（2012广东六校高三联合考试）How to improve my life？Many people think that they have to accept whatever life throws at them.Theyll say，“This is my fate，my destiny.I cannot change it.”Of course not！You dont have to suffer needlessly.

264、Your destiny depends on you，not on any other external factors.I know someone who says she just accepts what life gives her because she has done everything she can to improve it.Guess what her lifestyle is？She wakes up in the morning，goes to work，comes back home，relaxes，chats with people，watches TV，t

265、hen goes to sleep.Next day，the same routine cycle follows.Huh！Is this what she calls “doing her best”？She believes she has tried her best and just accepts it in her heart that this is the life that God has intended for her to live；that her luck can only change if God wills it.Of course God wants us

266、to be happy and live our life to the fullest，but we have to do our share of exerting（运用）the effort to live the life of our dreams.Remember that you reap what you sow.You just dont sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky.You have to get off the couch，get your eyes off the TV sc

267、reen，get your hands off the phone.Dont expect your luck to change unless you do something about it.If something goes wrong，dont just regard it as a temporary setback；but use it as feedback.Learn your lesson，make the most of the situation，and do something to solve the problem.Its not enough to think

268、positively；you also have to act positively.If someones life is in the trouble，do you just hope and pray that things will turn out fine？Of course not！You get to do anything you can to save the person.So it is with your own life.It is not enough to hope for the best，but you have to do your best.In oth

269、er words，dont just stand （or sit）there，do something to improve your life.1According to the woman mentioned in Para.3，her life _.Adoesnt need improvingBcouldnt be improved Cwill be better some dayDwill be worse in the future2What does the author think of the womans life?APositive. BSatisfying.CColorf

270、ul. DPassive.3Which of the following statements is the authors opinion?AYour temporary problem is not discouraging.BYour luck can be changed by your efforts.CYou can only achieve success when God wills it.DYou should treat yourself in the way you treat friends.4In Para.5，the author emphasized the im

271、portance of _.Apositive actionBpositive thinkingChope for the best Dintention to succeed5The text is mainly written to advise you to _.Aunderstand yourselfBimprove your lifeCbelieve in yourselfDchange your normal way（六）No poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed”，until it has been read aloud by so

272、meone，teacher or student.Better still，perhaps，is the practice of reading it twice，once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end，so the sound of the poem is the final thing one hears of it.All discussions of poetry are，in fact，preparations for reading it aloud，and the reading of the poe

273、m is，finally，the most telling “interpretation” of it，suggesting tone，rhythm，and meaning all at once.Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice，on records or on film，is obviously a special reward.But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or，best of a

274、ll，reciting it.I have come to think，in fact，that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it，if there isnt time for both.I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry.Poetry is “a criticism of life”，and “a heightening（提升）of life”.It is

275、 “an approach to the truth of feeling”，and it “can save your life”.It_also_deserves_a_place_in_the_teaching_of_language_and_literature_more_central_than_it_presently_occupies.I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry.Those who dont like it should not be forced to put that dislike

276、on anyone else.But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature，about its sound as well as its sense，and they must make_room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.1To have a better understanding of a poem，one should _.Adiscuss it with

277、 othersBanalyze it by oneselfCcopy it down in a notebookDpractise reading it aloud2Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of poetry?ASaving you when your life is at risk.BCriticizing life.CExpressing ones true feelings.DHeightening life.3According to he writer，one of the purposes of t

278、eaching English is to get students _.Ato understand lifeBto enjoy poetryCto become teachersDto become poets4What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?AMore stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.BThe teaching of poetry is more important than any other subject.COne cannot enjo

279、y life fully without an understanding of poetry.DPoetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.5The underlined phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by _.Abuild a boothBprovide equipmentCleave a certain amount of timeDset aside enough space（七）（2012广东佛山普通高中

280、高三教学质量检测（二）Do you know what Fear and Faith have in common？Fear believes in a negative future.Faith believes in a positive future.Both believe in something that has not yet happened.So I ask you，if neither the positive nor negative future has happened yet then why not choose to believe in the positiv

281、e future?I believe during these challenging times we have a choice between two roads：the positive road and the negative road.And our_bus_cant_be_on_two_roads at the same time.So we have to make a choice and this choice determines our belief about the future and the attitude and actions we bring to t

282、he present.Im not saying we shouldnt have any fear.There are times when fear is a gift.A healthy dose（剂量）of fear causes us to examine our situation and plan for the future.It moves us to smell the cheese and expect change.When used wisely it allows us to manage risk and make better decisions.Some fe

283、ar is good.However，what I have observed lately is a surprized，huge dose of fear that is spreading the hearts and minds of far too many people.This oversized fear is causing leaders and their organizations to either act unreasonably or to not act at all.They are either hurrying in a million different

284、 directions because of fear.In both cases，fear is leading them to take the negative road to failure.The answer is the positive road paved （铺满）with faith and a belief that your best days are not behind you but ahead of you.With this belief you make the right choices and actions today that will create

285、 your positive future tomorrow.You stay calm，focused and committed to your purpose.You look for ways to save money and cut costs without making unreasonable fearbased decisions that sacrifice your future success.You identify opportunities in the midst of the challenges and you focus on solutions ins

286、tead of problems.Your faith and belief in a positive future leads to powerful actions today.The future has not happened yet and you have a say in what it looks like by the way you think and act.Fear or Faith.The choice is yours.1According to the passage，we can know that _.AFear and Faith have nothin

287、g in commonBboth Fear and Faith trust something in the futureCneither negative nor positive future will happenDpeople usually choose to believe in the positive future2What does the writer mean by saying “our bus cant be on two roads”？AWe usually choose the negative road.BWe should choose the positiv

288、e road.CWe must choose either a positive or negative road.DOur belief about the future depends on our choice.3Which of the following about “Fear” is TRUE?AWe should have fear because it is a gift.BReasonable fear helps to plan for future.CFear can bring cheese and risk to people.DLeaders usually hav

289、e oversized fear.4If we have faith in future，we will _.Ahave the best days ahead of usBbe committed to saving moneyCstay away from any challengesDtake powerful actions today5What does the writer intend to tell us in the passage?AFear is closely related to faith.BLife is full of fear and faith.CWe sh

290、ould have faith in a positive future.DWrong decisions sacrifice our future success.（八）（2012广东汕头二模）The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self.The more patient you are，the more accepting you will be of what life is，rather than insisting that li

291、fe be exactly as you would like it to be.Without patience，life is extremely frustrating.You are easily annoyed，bothered，and irritated.Patience adds a dimension of ease and acceptance to your life.Its essential for inner peace.Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present moment，ev

292、en if you dont like it.If you are stuck in a traffic jam，late for an appointment，being patient would mean keeping yourself from building_a_mental_snowball before your thinking get out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax.It might also be a good time to breathe as well as an opportunity to

293、remind yourself that，in the bigger scheme of things，being late is “small stuff”.Patience is a quality of heart that can be greatly enhanced with deliberate practice.An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periodsperiods of time that I set up in my mi

294、nd to practice the art of patience.Life itself becomes a classroom，and the curriculum is patience.You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time.What youll discover is truly amazing.Your intention to be patient，especially if you know its only for a sho

295、rt while，immediately strengthens your capacity for patience.Patience is one of those special qualities where success feeds on itself.Once you reach little milestone（里程碑）five minutes of successful patienceyoull begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient，even for longer periods of

296、 time.Over time，you may even become a patient person.Being patient will help you to keep your perspective.Youll see even a difficult situation，say your present challenge，isnt “life or death” but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with.Without patience，the same scenario can become a major eme

297、rgency complete with yelling，frustration，hurt feelings，and high blood pressure.1In the first paragraph，the underlined expression “building a mental snowball” can be best replaced by _.Aimagining a big snowballBawaiting a result calmlyCtaking a deep breathDlosing your patience2The main idea of the fi

298、rst paragraph is that _.Ait takes a long time to cultivate patienceBpatience is very important for usCpatience is essential for inner peaceDbeing late is “small stuff”3Its implied in the second paragraph that _.Athe quality of patience is very hard to cultivateBpatience should become a school course

299、Cyoull get more than expected from practicing patienceDthe quality of patience will lead you to success4People without patience will treat the challenge as _.Aa minor thingBa matter of life or deathCthe small stuffDa great chance5The purpose of this passage is to _.Apersuade people to be more patien

300、tBtell how to practice patienceClist the advantages of patienceDstate the importance of patience（九）（2012广东广州二模）Are you an optimist？Do you look at your glass and see it as half full？Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that generally things turn out for the best？Do you believe that

301、 if something is meant to be，it will be？If you reply “yes” to all of these questions，then you are an optimist.You probably are enthusiastic，cheerful and outgoing.You may well be successful at work and in love.But you may be misguided because things dont turn out for the best.You may believe that whe

302、n one door closes another one opens （for example，you may fail to land a new job，another chance will come around soon），Wrong.When one door closes，another door slams in your face.Thats bitter reality.Now a book has been published which confirms what we pessimists（悲观者）have suspected all along.Its calle

303、d The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism.Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results.Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear，anxiety and worry.Defensive pessimists prepare for things by setting low outcomes for themselves.They carefully consider everythin

304、g that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems.And this gives them a sense of control.Lawrence Sanno，a psychology professor，says，“Whats interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people，so their low opinion of the situations outcomes is not realist

305、ic.They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.”So far，so good.This is not rocket science.Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong，whether at work，on a date or even in a sports game.It makes sense to have a backup plan.There are many sayings in English urging

306、caution.For example，“Dont put all your eggs in one basket，”and “Dont count your chickens until they hatch.”To have a confident and optimistic approach to lifes problems is good.But listen to what Woody Alien，the American comedian says，“Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”T

307、here are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist.Dont feel bad if you see the glass half empty.You are a realist.But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.1What is the passage mainly about?AA book that has recently been published.BThe dangers of being too o

308、ptimistic.CThe benefits of defensive pessimism.DHow to become successful in life.2The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to _.Athe final outcomeBtheir low opinionCpeoples motivationDtheir performance3The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science” in paragraph 4 means _.Athe cost is not

309、 so highBthere is no real proofCits not a dangerous thing to doDit is quite simple to understand4The writer would probably describe himself as _.Aan optimistBa realistCa defeatistDa scientist5Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?AEvery cloud has a silver lin

310、ing.BThe glass is half full not half empty.CWhatever will be，will be.DDont put all your eggs in one basket.三、其他（一）（2012山东高考，C篇）San Francisco has its cable cars.Seattle has its Space Needle.And，Longview has its squirrel bridge.The bridge，which has attracted international attention，is now a local land

311、mark.The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder，Amos Peters，to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars.The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds.Before the bridge was built，squirrels had to

312、avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels.Many times，Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over.One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth，and that days coffe

313、e break discussion turned into squirrel safety.The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council（市政会）.The Council approved，and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge“Nutty Narrows”.After architects designed the b

314、ridge，Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction.They built the 60foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose（消防水带）.It cost $1,000.It didnt take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started.Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching_them_the_ropes.The story wa

315、s picked up by the media，and Nutty Narrows became known in newspapers all over the world.In 1983，after 20 years of use，Peters took down the wornout bridge.Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced.The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983，hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion c

316、eremony of the new bridge.Peters died in 1984，and a tenfoot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.1The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in order to _.Aoffer squirrels a place to eat nutsBset up a local landmarkChelp improve traffi

317、cDprotect squirrels2What happened over the coffee break discussion?AThe committee got the Councils blessing.BThe squirrel bridge idea was born.CA councilwoman named the bridge.DA squirrel was found dead.3What does the underlined phrase “teaching them the ropes”probably mean in the text?APassing them

318、 a rope.BDirecting them to store food for winter.CTeaching them a lesson.DShowing them how to use the bridge.4Which of the following is true of the squirrel bridge?AIt was replaced by a longer one.BIt was built from wood and metal.CIt was rebuilt after years of use.DIt was designed by Bill Hutch.5Wh

319、at can we learn about Amos Peters?AHe is remembered for his love of animals.BHe donated $1,000 to build the bridge.CHe was a member of the City Council.DHe was awarded a medal for building the bridge.（二）（2012广东惠州三模）Not everyone who teaches in a college or university is a professor.Many are instructo

320、rs or lecturers.In fact，not even all professors are full professors.Many of them are assistant or associate professors or adjunct professors.So what do all of these different academic titles mean at American colleges and universities？Get ready for a short lecture，especially if you are thinking of a

321、career in higher education.Professors usually need a doctoral degree.But sometimes a school will offer positions to people who have not yet received their doctorate.This person would be called an instructor until the degree has been completed.After that，the instructor could become an assistant profe

322、ssor.Assistant professors do not have tenure.Tenure means a permanent appointment.This goal of greater job security is harder to reach these days.Fewer teaching positions offer the chance for tenure.Assistant professors generally have five to seven years to gain tenure.During this time，other faculty

323、 members study the persons work.If tenure is denied，then the assistant professor usually has a year to find another job.An assistant professor who receives tenure becomes an associate professor.An associate professor may later be appointed a full professor.Assistant，associate and full professors per

324、form many duties.They teach classes.They advise students.And they carry out research.They also serve on committees and take part in other activities.Other faculty members are not expected to do all these jobs.They are not on a tenure track.Instead，they might be in adjunct or visiting positions.A vis

325、iting professor has a job at one school but works at another for a period of time.An adjunct professor is also a limited or parttime position，to do research or teach classes.Adjunct professors have a doctorate.Another position is that of lecturer.Lecturers teach classes，but they may or may not have

326、a doctorate.1In which column of a newspaper can the passage probably appear?AEducation.BEntertainment.CPolitics.DSports.2Which of the following positions should have a doctoral degree?AInstructors and lecturers.BAssistant professors and instructors.CLecturers and adjunct professors.DAssistant and ad

327、junct professors.3According to Paragraph 3，how long can an assistant professor stay in his or her position at most?A13 years. B12 years.C7 years. D8 years.4Which one shows the correct order for a professors development?aAn assistant professor.bAn instructor.cA full professor.dAn associate professor.

328、Ab，a，d，c Bb，d，a，cCc，a，d，b Db，c，a，d5What can be inferred from the passage?AThose teaching in a university are all professors.BYoud better learn about it before being a professor.CThose without a doctoral degree cant find a job.DProfessors in a university share the same duties.（三）The same genes that g

329、ive sharks their sixth sense and allow them to detect electrical signals are also responsible for the development of head and facial features in humans，a new study suggests.The finding supports the idea that the early sea creatures could also sense electricity before they emerge onto land.The study，

330、led by Martin Cohn at the University of Florida，is detailed in current issue of the journal Evolution & Development.Sharks have a network of special cells that can detect electricity，called electroreceptors，in their heads.This sense is so developed that sharks can find fish hiding under sand on the

331、weak electrical signals.The researchers found two independent genetic markers of neural creat cells in the sharks electroreceptors.The finding suggests that neural crest cells migrate from the sharks brains to various regions of the head，where they develop into electroreceptors.In humans，these cells

332、 contribute to the formation of facial bones and teeth，among other things.Glenn Northcutt，a neuroscientist at the University of California，said the finding was interesting，but more studies are needed before a direct link between neural crest cells and electroreceptors can be established.After the ne

333、w study，the researchers think that all primitive animals with backbones，including the early ancestors of humans，could sense electricity.As they evolved，mammals，birds and most fish lost the ability.Today，only sharks and a few other marine species，can sense electricity.The ability to sense electrical

334、signals is useful in aquatic environment because water is so conductive.On land，however，the sense is useless.“Air doesnt conduct electricity as well，”said study team member James Albert，a biologist from the University of Louisiana.“When it happens，its called a lightning bolt and you dont need specia

335、l receptors to sense it.”The development of the electroreceptors is believed to mirror the development to the lateral line，a sense organ in fish that allows them to detect motion in surrounding water.The electroreceptors are also believed to behind many sharks ability to detect changes in the Earths

336、 magnetic field.1Which of the following is NOT one of the effects that the genes mentioned have?ATo give sharks their sixth sense.BTo allow sharks to detect electrical signals.CTo contribute to humans development of head and facial features.DTo allow humans to sense electricity.2Choose the closest m

337、eaning of the underlined word “detect” in Paragraph 3.ATo notice or find out.BTo get rid of.CTo keep away from.DTo search for.3Which of the statements is TRUE according to the article?ASharks could sense electricity only after they emerged onto land.BIt is in various regions of the sharks head that

338、neural crest cells migrate from the brains and develop into electroreceptors.CThe ability to sense electrical signals is useful both in aquatic environment and on land.DNo studies are needed to prove neural crest cells are linked with electroreceptors directly.4What is it that makes sharks find fish

339、 hiding under sand on the weak electrical signals?ASharks sixth sense.BThe weak electrical signals.CElectroreceptors.DNeural crest cells.5What is the main idea of the article?ASharks are similar to humans in many aspects.BThe development of sharks sixth sense are related to some human genes.CSome hu

340、man genes determine the development of sharks sixth sense.DSharks sixth sense can help them find fish hiding under sand.（四）（2012广东汕头二模）Six years ago，a Miami woman walking through the hall of an office building casually noticed two men standing together.Several minutes after her leaving，the men murde

341、red a person working in the building.Police investigators determined that the woman was the only witness who had seen the two suspects，and could possibly describe them.In an interview with police，her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear.Several days later，psychologist Ronald P.Fisher was

342、 brought into obtain a more complete account from the woman.Fishers interview produced a breakthroughthe woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects.She then recalled several details about his appearances.This information gave police important leads that enabled them to arrest the suspects

343、 and close the case.Police investigators sought the help from Fisher because of his rich knowledge in conducting the socalled cognitive（认知的）interview，a kind of memoryrebuilding process.In its original form，the cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques

344、：thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events，reporting everything that comes to mind about those events no matter how broken or unconnected，retelling events in a variety of time orders，beginning to end，end to beginning，forward or backward，and ad

345、opting different perspectives while recalling events.Usually，an interviewer begins the cognitive approach by encouraging the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone elses questions.The witness first describes what happened in his or her own

346、words，with no interviewer interruptions.The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques，such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives.Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they get nearly 50% more

347、 information from witnesses than before training，while error rates remain about the same.1What is the purpose of writing this passage?ATo give an account of a murder case in an office.BTo explain why Fisher was invited to a police interview.CTo describe how cognitive method helps the woman to recall

348、.DTo give the readers an idea of cognitive interview.2The cognitive interview helped the woman to recall more by _.Astrengthening her memoryBgiving her encouragementCrebuilding her memoryDgiving her more time3It can be inferred from the passage that in a cognitive interview，the interviewer mainly pl

349、ays a _ role.Adirecting BquestioningCpassive Dsecondary4What is the key point of the cognitive interview?AThe interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time.BThe witness is encouraged to take an active role in recalling information.CThe interview should take place outside the police stat

350、ion.DThe witness should recall details at the scene of the event.5Police trained in the cognitive interview method can _.Aget more information from the witness than beforeBdecrease the error rateCsolve the cases more quicklyDuse the method more skillfully than the psycholologists（五）（2012广东佛山普通高中高三教学

351、质量检测（二）Kelly Reeves was getting ready for a trip when her phone slipped into a sink full of water.Panic moment! She quickly picked up the wet phone and tried to turn it on，but nothing worked.Her first reaction？She got dressed，drove to the nearest store，and bought a new model at full price.A new stud

352、y finds that fear of losing your phone is a common illness.About 66 percent of those surveyed suffer from nomophobia or “no mobile phone phobia”.Interestingly，more women worry about losing their phone than men.Fortunately，theres a solution.The first step is to figure out if you have nomophobia.Check

353、ing your phone too often is one thing，but the true sign of a problem is that you cant conduct business or go about your routine when the fear becomes so severe.Do you go to unusual lengths to make sure you have your phone？Thats another sign of a problem.If you find you check your phone plenty of tim

354、es per hour，or a total of an hour per day，there may be a problem.Some of the treatments are similar to those for treating anxiety attacks：Leaving the phone behind and not checking email or text messages，and then learning to tolerate the after anxiety.Even if this leads to a high level of worry and s

355、tress，the solution is to push through the fear and learn to deal with not having your phone.Of course，there are also technological alternatives.Luis Levy，a cofounder at Novy PR，says he uses an application called Cerberus that can automatically track the location of his phone.To find it，he can just g

356、o to a Website and see the phones location.He also insures his phone through a service called Asurion.The companys description of its product reads like a prescription for anxiety：“60 million phones are lost，stolen or damaged each year.Youll have complete peace of mind knowing that your phone is pro

357、tected and you can quickly reconnect with family，friends and work，as soon as the very next day！”1Why does the author mention Kellys experience in the first paragraph?ATo introduce the topic for discussion.BTo inform us that mobile phones are useful.CTo warn us that we should be careful.DTo tell us w

358、e should get phones ready for a trip.2The underlined word “nomophobia” in Paragraph 2 means _.AHabits of using mobile phones.BFear of losing mobile phones.CEagerness for new mobile phones.DIndependence of mobile phones.3Which of the following is a way to treat nomophobia?AAvoiding using phone for so

359、me timeBLearning more about modern technology.CProtecting ones phone against any damage.DNot using a mobile phone in ones daily work.4Why can the service called Asurion help to treat nomophobia?AIt lets you know other people also lose their phones.BIt will give you a new phone through insurance.CIt

360、enables you to reconnect with your acquaintance.DIt gives you a prescription to treat nomophobia.5What is the passage mainly about?AAttitude toward mobile phone.BNew mobile phone technology.CDisadvantages of mobile phone.DSolutions to nomophobia.（六）Its 10 pm.You may not know where your child is，but

361、the chip does.The chip will also know if your child has fallen and needs immediate help.Once doctors arrive，the chip will also be able to tell them which drugs are not suitable for little Johnny or Janie.At the hospital，the chip will tell doctors his or her complete medical history.And of course，whe

362、n you arrive to pick up your child，settling the hospital bill with your health insurance policy will be a simple matter of waving your own chipthe one embedded in your hand.To some，this may sound unbelievable.But the technology for such chips is no longer the stuff of science fiction.And it may soon

363、 offer many other benefits besides locating lost children or elderly patients.It could be used as credit cards and people wont have to carry wallets anymore.On the other hand，some are already wondering what this sort of technology may do to the sense of personal privacy and liberty.“Any technology o

364、f this kind could result in abuse of personal privacy，”says Lee Tien，senior staff attorney for the Electronic Frontier Foundation.“If a kid can be tracked，do you want other people to be able to track your kid？Its a doubleedged sword.”Applied Digital Solutions，Inc.in Palm Beach，Florida，says it has re

365、cently applied to the Food and Drug Administration for permission to begin testing its device in humans.About the size of a grain of rice，the microchip can be encoded（编码）with bits of information and embedded in humans under a layer of skin.When scanned by a nearby reader，the embedded chip gives the

366、data.Most embedded chip designs are socalled passive chips，which give information only when scanned by a nearby reader.But active chipssuch as the proposed Digital Angel of the futurewill give out information all the time.And that means designers will have to develop some sort of power source that c

367、an provide a continuous source of energy，yet be small enough to be embedded with the chips.In addition to technical problems，many suspect that all sorts of legal and privacy issues would have to be cleared as well.1By using the example in the first two paragraphs，the author wants to tell us that _.A

368、chips are usually used to locate lost childrenBchips are more convenient than credit cardsCchips will soon be useful in many aspects of daily livesDchips will bring out the issue of abuse of personal privacy2What is the attitude of Lee Tien towards the chips?ANegative.BIndifferent.CArbitrary（随意的）.DC

369、autious.3One of the features of the device considered by Applied Digital Solutions is _.Aduration（持续时间）BcapacityCsafetyDpurpose4Which of the following statements about Digital Angel is NOT true?ADigital Angel will include at least a chip and a power source.BDigital Angel will soon be produced and re

370、place passive chips.CDigital Angel will be embedded in humans under a layer of skin.DDigital Angel will give information without being scanned by a reader.5It is indicated in the passage that chip producers have to consider the following issues EXCEPT _.Afinancial problemsBtechnical problemsClegal p

371、roblemsDprivacy problems（七）Carbon monoxide（一氧化碳）poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world.The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat.It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.Carbon monoxide

372、 is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air.The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.But it is very deadly.It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.Carbon monoxide decreases the ability

373、 of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.It does this by linking with the blood.When the gas links with the blood，the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it.Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide.How quickly this happens depe

374、nds on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in.Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs.But people have to be awake to recognize them.Small amounts of the gas will cause a persons head to hurt.He or she may begin to feel tired.The person ma

375、y feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble thinking clearly.People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood.They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy.They may have terrible stomach pains.Medical experts say carbon monoxide

376、 affects people differently.For example，a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will.The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a youn

377、ger person with no health problems.People with heart disease may suffer chest pains.They may begin to have trouble breathing.1Why is carbon monoxide called the silent killer?ABecause it tastes and smells good.BBecause it is not easily noticed.CBecause it kills and injures people.DBecause it always h

378、arm people.2How does carbon monoxide harm people?AIt makes peoples blood unable to move.BIt decreases the amount of blood in the body.CIt makes body tissues full of blood.DIt makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.3When people breathe in small amounts of the gas，they may _.Afeel a little dizzyBsu

379、ffer a severe headacheCgo around in the roomDhave a terrible stomachache4Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is TRUE?AAdults are affected more seriously than children.BYoung people are more severely affected than old people.CPeople in poor health may have more severe consequences.

380、DPeople with heart problem only suffer from chest pains.5The purpose of the passage is to _.Awarn people not to burn fuels to keep warm in the winterBlist the damages that carbon monoxide brings to peopleCgive advice on how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoningDintroduce some knowledge about carbon mon

381、oxide poisoning参考答案专题三阅读理解命题调研明晰考向真题试做1B细节理解题。根据第一段中“.I know she sincerely cares about what happens to meI feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well”可知，B项正确。2D推理判断题。根据上一句不难看出，这位女售货员将其视为一种固定的客套语，以招揽顾客，并非是真正的关心。故D项正确。3A细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“If a stranger says Have a nice da

382、y to you，you may find it heartwarming because someone you dont know has tried to be nice to you”可知，陌生人这样说其实就是一种礼貌。4C推理判断题。根据文章最后两句“While the expression may not often be sincere，it is always spokenThe point is that people say it all the time when they like”可知，这是人们的一种习惯，想说时便说。故C项正确。5A主旨大意题。由最后一段，特别是该段

383、的第一句（特别是custom一词）可知。6D细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth”可知婴儿会通过哭泣和用嘴搜寻食物来引起注意，故D项正确。7C细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ive never heard anything so ridiculous”可知，作者对金博士有如此看法感到可笑，因此C项正确。8B词义猜测题。根据文章前后逻辑不难看出此处作者指出有可靠证据来支持其观点。故B项正确。9D推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“The research

384、 finds out that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5,7,11 and 14，than babies fed according to the clockBy the age of 8，their IQ（智商）scores are four to five percent higher than babies fed by a rigid timetable”可知答案为D项。10C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I hope this research will put an end to advoca

385、ting strictly timed baby feeding practices”可知，作者赞同按需给孩子喂奶。故C项正确。11D细节理解题。根据文章第一句“I was blind，but I was ashamed of it if it was known”可知，作者虽是盲人，但却不想让别人发现。故此处D项正确。12C细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，作者半路下车换乘公交时不小心撞到了灯杆上了，故C 项正确。13C细节理解题。根据最后一段“But because I had given up stopping them for fear of making a fool of mysel

386、f，let them all go by”可知，作者最终放弃叫车，让它们都这么过去了，故C项符合原文信息。14B由“Sometimes I would stop a big lorry.”可知，靠声音来判断有时是靠不住的。15A推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I usually managed to swallow my pride and ask someone at the stop for help”作者遇到问题是也会放下自尊在车站向人求助，另根据文章最后一段的信息可知，当时这个站只有她自己，她只有独自走到下一站去寻求帮助。16D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“This means the t

387、elevision networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming”可知，这个时间播放体育节目会使电视台能够高价插播广告，自然会令他们创收，故D项正确。17A推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“.Saturday and Sunday afternoonsthe slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing”可知平常周末

388、的下午是收视最低的时候，故A项正确。18D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“.that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers，cars and life insurance”可知，男性往往对家庭重大开支作出决定，故此处D项正确。19C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States.”可知，高收入人群是他们的目标观众。故C项正确。20C主旨大意题。根据文章开头“Sports acco

389、unt for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies”可以看出本文主要介绍体育运动对电视及其商业广告的作用。故C项正确。创新模拟预测演练一、记叙文（一）1C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，狗的颈圈有电话号码，但电话没人接，由此可知作者打了电话。2B推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，朱莉跑回家去取一些狗食，由此推断作者有宠物狗。3B事实理解题。根据第五段作者夫妇给狗披上毛毯、喂狗更多的食物并让狗取暖，由此可知他们对狗悉心照料。4D推理判断题。根据文章最后几

390、段可知，our problem指夫妇俩婚姻中出现的问题。5B标题概括题。由文章最后一段“Sometimes angels come disguised（伪装） as dogs”可知选B项。（二）1A根据文章第二、三段可知，天太早了，蒂姆的妈妈还在睡觉，而且蒂姆不想妈妈质问他为什么这么早就出门，因此蒂姆悄悄地离开了家。故选A项。2C根据文章第三段中的“Sandwichesbut his mother might wake up if he started pulling out bread for sandwiches”可知，画线句子意为：他不得不用饼干代替三明治。故选C项。3C根据文章第六段以

391、及第七段第一句“He could see the cave now，even darker in the morning light”可推知，是太阳位置的变化使得蒂姆看到了石洞的入口。故选C项。4C根据文章第五段第二句话“He ran down to the beach impatiently，but there was no one，just dry sand dancing in the early wind and seabirds marching up and down watching the waves”可知，沙滩上一个人也没有，只有沙子、晨风和海燕，所以C项符合文意。故选C项。

392、5D根据文章第一段第三句“Hed dreamt of the cave last night”及第二、三段他做的准备工作可推知，他很急切地想去山洞；根据文章最后一段倒数第三句中的“Why was it so much mysterious now？”表达出他对神秘石洞感兴趣和激动的心情，及“But it would be silly.He neednt go.”表现出的犹豫与恐惧可知，蒂姆刚开始很急切，后来看到石洞的入口后，变得越来越紧张。故选D项。（三）1A根据文章第七段第一句可知，奥弗瑞德故意大声说话是为了掩饰自己的恐惧，A项正确；根据文章第五段可知，奥弗瑞德并不是第一次偷东西，B项错误；

393、文章中并没有提到C项；根据文章第六段可知，卡尔先生刚开始打算把奥弗瑞德送到警察局，D项错误。故选A项。2D根据上下文语境可知，母亲的冷静和彬彬有礼使得先前愤怒的店主不那么生气了。所以disarmed在此处应意为“made less angry”。故选D项。3B根据文章第十三段可知，奥弗瑞德回到家后并不感到羞愧，而是为他的母亲感到非常自豪。据此可推断，母亲在药店里给奥弗瑞德留下的最深刻的印象是她如何冷静、有效地应对卡尔先生。故选B项。4C根据文章倒数第二段可知，母亲回到家的表情非常恐怖，嘴唇颤抖，眼里满是泪水。可见，母亲对奥弗瑞德感到非常失望。故选C项。5C根据文章最后一段可知，奥弗瑞德为自己的

394、所作所为感到羞愧和悔恨。故选C项。（四）1B根据文章第一段中的“Me？I love to do that when I drive！I turn on the radio，find a song that I can sing along too and pretty soon my arms are in the air and I am moving along to the rhythmMost of the time，I do this on my way to work”可知，作者在去工作的途中会唱歌。故选B项。2D根据文章第三段中的“I know many people do no

395、t want to look foolishSo they walk around all serious，which，in all honesty，is foolish！”可知，作者认为那些看似严肃的人其实很傻。故选D项。3C根据文章第五段第一句“Life is so short.You never know when this beautiful journey will be over，so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity（呆板）？”可推知，作者列举索萨的诗是为了说明，生命很短暂，因而也很宝贵，所以应该被珍惜。

396、故选C项。4A根据文章第六段第一句“When we were kids，we had no idea of what limitations were and we had no care in the world so we could do things without worrying about how we appeared to others”可推知，我们小时候并不在意别人怎么看我们。故选A项。5B通读全文可知，本文旨在告诉我们：适当傻一点，保持童年般的纯真和无邪会使自己活得更开心。B项最适合做文章的标题，故选B项。（五）1A通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个在雨中奔跑的故事。A项最

397、适合做文章的标题，故选A项。2B由文章第十一段画线句子可以推出，这位妈妈对小女孩儿的话表示肯定，并答应小女孩儿在雨中奔跑。B项符合文章大意，故选B项。3C根据文章最后一段中的“And yes，I didI ran”可知，作者也跟着他们一起在雨中奔跑。由此可推出，作者对“在雨中奔跑”的态度应该是“支持的”，即supportive。故选C项。4D根据文章第九段中的“If God can get us through this，he can get us through anything！”可知，小女孩强烈希望她的父亲能够战胜癌症。故选D项。5B根据文章最后一段最后三句可知，回忆比身体、财富等都重要

398、。B项符合文意，故选B项。（六）1B通读全文可知，作者的妈妈对待孩子很“刻薄”，即对待孩子非常严厉。B项最符合题意，故选B项。2C根据文章第三段第一、二句可知，作者最讨厌的是晚上9：00就要睡觉，而早上7：45就要起床，即作者最讨厌早睡早起。C项符合文意，故选C项。3A根据文章第三段第四句和倒数第二句可知，作者的妈妈要求他们努力学习，并要拿到令人满意的分数，不能落后于人。由此可推出，作者应该是学习很努力，并经常在学习上取得好成绩。A项符合文意，故选A项。4D根据文章最后一段最后一句可知，作者对于妈妈的严厉和“刻薄”心怀感激之情，而不是怨恨（hatred）。D项错误，故选D项。5A通读全文可知，

399、作者一直都戏称妈妈是世界上“最刻薄”的母亲，而事实上母亲只是对孩子的教育比较严厉。所以，文意的整体基调应该是幽默诙谐的（humorous）。故选A项。（七）1B文章第一段讲了父亲培养了作者多方面的兴趣爱好，第二段讲了作者从小到大都喜欢征求父亲的意见，第三段回忆了父亲教作者做木偶的经历，第四段讲了父亲擅长修车。由此可推出，如果我是作者，我可能会在第一段之前介绍父亲对我的爱以及父亲在机械方面的技巧。故选B项。2D根据文章第三段第二句“I made the puppet heads myself，and I made the costumes and curtains with Momwho was

400、 as expert designing and sewing with cloth as my father was designing and working with wood and metal”可知，作者是在母亲和父亲的帮助下将木偶做好的。故选D项。3B根据文章第二段“From as early as I can remember to the time I left home for college，I continued to come to him with a design or an idea，and he would figure out how to build it”

401、可知，作者在上大学之前，总是向父亲征求构思和想法。故选B项。4D根据文章第四段第四句可知，尽管父亲没有受过汽车修理工的训练，但他总能找到汽车的问题所在，并将车修好。这说明父亲很擅长修车，所以D项正确；文章中并没有提到A项，排除；根据文章第四段第二句可知，B项错误；根据文章第四段第三句可知，父亲自己修车是为了省钱，所以C项错误；故选D项。5C通读全文可知，作者回忆了父亲帮自己做木偶的经历，并介绍了父亲在修车方面的特长。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的就是向读者描述有关父亲的一些记忆。故选C项。（八）1B根据文章第一段最后两句“Every day I put my hand in hers as o

402、ur eyes metShe never failed to return my smile，my grasp，and my greeting”可知，作者对待这个女乞丐非常友好。所以，当作者要穿行繁忙的大街时，女乞丐伸出了援助之手。故选B项。2A根据文章最后一段最后两句“Everyone needs recognition，to be seen as worthy of being known，to feel appreciated and lovedAnd I believe that everyone is worthy and worth knowing”可知，作者认为每个人都需要认可，

403、每个人都希望被理解和爱戴。由此可推出，在作者看来，乞丐跟其他人是平等的（equal）。故选A项。3D根据文章第四段中的“.to ignore them and focus their eyes elsewhere”可知A项正确；根据第四段中的“.drop a few coins into the hand.”可知B项正确；根据第四段中的“.push away an outstretched hand in angry annoyance”可知C项正确；只有D项不是人们普遍采取的对待乞丐的方式。故选D项。4D根据文章最后一段第二句“Many world travelers have discov

404、ered that the greatest gift they can give is their time and respect”可知，乞丐真正需要的是关注和尊重。故选D项。5C通读全文可知，这篇文章的主要目的是说明乞丐和我们是平等的，应该受到关注、尊重和理解，即告诉我们应该给予乞丐什么。故选C项。二、议论文（一）1D推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，作者在提到Nottingham City Council正试图把暑假减少到四周半后，接着说“We believe this will give really down time for.”，这表明作者也是委员中的一员。故选D项。2B词义猜测题。

405、they应指代前面提到的名词，其前只有三个名词holidays, wages和benefits，而wages和benefits是用来叙述前面的those的情况的，因此本句中的they指代前面的句子的主语holidays。句意：但是假期是昂贵的，对于那些工资低或靠救济金生活的人们来说，假期通常是很难得到的。3B细节理解题。由倒数第二段第一句中的“.to reduce the summer holiday down to four and a half weeks.”可知，委员会想把暑假减少到四周半。故选B项。4C细节理解题。由第四段第一句“The schools that I visit in.

406、to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment”可以得出答案C项。5D推理判断题。由最后一段第一句可知，这种变化对于一些学校工作人员来说可能很难，由此推出他们可能会对这种计划说“不”。故选D项。（二）1A词义猜测题。根据第一段第四句可判断，代词they在此处指的是你周围的人和事物。2C细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，创造者们面对人生中的兴衰沉浮，能够理智地面对和处理。3B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，无论是被动者还是创造者，他们都是自己人生的主宰者，他们决定自己的人生方向。4A推理判断题。根据第四段从正

407、反两个方面举的两个例子可知，过渡沉溺于苦难和不幸的人往往无法自拔，最终变得被动和茫然，成为消极无助的人。5D作者意图题。文章最后一段揭示了作者的写作目的：劝告人们通过设定一个明确的目标，选择一种更为充实和丰富的人生，从而实现从消极无助到积极创造的转变。（三）1B根据文章第二段中的“Montfort had been built for the children of the British officials. nearly all the students were from powerful Indian families”可知，在蒙特福特上学的孩子都来自有钱有势的家庭。由此可推出，作者的

408、家里应该很富有，所以才能到蒙特福特去上学。故选B项。2C根据文章第一段第四句话“There，I had to speak English or be punished”并结合全文可知，英国影响了印度的语言（language）；根据文章第一段最后一句话“And our official school sport was cricket，something Id never heard of，let alone played，before arriving”可知，英国影响了印度的体育（sport）；根据文章第二段可知，英国影响了印度的教育（education）；根据文章第五段中的“.and rep

409、lacing many Britishrule city names with older native names”可知，英国影响了印度城市的名字（place names）。故选C项。3A根据文章第八段第一句话“Everything from clothes and language to food keeps changing，yet we remain Indian”可知，印度从衣服到语言再到食品，几乎每件东西都受到国外文化的影响，但印度仍然是印度。文章第九、十段列举了中国食品对印度影响的例子，旨在说明外国文化是怎样适应当地状况的。故选A项。4C根据文章倒数第二段第一句“Meanwhil

410、e，like countless others，my village has transformed over the past decades”以及后面几句的具体描述可知，作者再次提到他出生的那个村庄是为了说明，随着时间的推移，文化继续在改变。故选C项。5B通读全文可知，文章主要论述了虽然外国文化对本国文化会产生巨大而多方面的影响，但本国文化可以很好地适应并吸收外国文化的精华，而不会丢掉自己的文化。所以本文的目的就是说服（persuade）读者相信自己的观点。故选B项。（四）1D根据文章第三段最后一句“Another that is just as effective is flattery

411、，giving someone high praisetelling him how good he looks，or how well he speaks，or how talented and wise he is”和第一段第一句中的“.to win friendship or special treatment”可知，applepolishing是对某人的高度赞扬，告诉某人长得有多漂亮、说得有多好，又是多么聪明和有才能。由此可推出，A、B、C三项均与applepolishing的行为有关，只有D项不是奉承而是有依据的夸奖。故选D项。2A通读文章第二段可知，本段的第一句话“All sort

412、s of people are apple polishers，including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody”为本段的中心句，接下来所列举的Cromwell的例子就是为了证明这句话，即每个人都可能成为applepolisher。故选A项。3D根据文章第五段第一、二句话可知，A项错误；根据文章第四段最后一句话可知，B、C两项均错误；根据文章第三段可知，奉承是applepolish的一种表现方式。故选D项。4B根据文章倒数第二段最后两句话“The king got tired of listening to

413、 endless sickening flattery of his courtiers（朝臣）They over praised him to the skies，as a man of limitless might”以及最后一段第一、二句话“He decided to teach them a lessonHe took them to the seashore and sat down”可知，King Canute of Denmark and England已经厌倦了大臣们的过度赞扬，所以带大臣们到了海边。故选B项。5B根据文章第四段最后一句话“In truth，flattery i

414、s good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it”以及第五段第一句话“We need it to be more sure of ourselves”可推知，作者认为奉承对于那些缺乏自信的人来说是有好处的。故选B项。（五）1B根据文章第三段第一句话“I know someone who says she just accepts what life gives her because she has done everything she can to improve it”和第四段第二句话“She believes she has

415、tried her best and just accepts it.”可知，该女子接受现在的生活是因为她认为她已经尽力了，但生活却未能改变。故选B项。2D根据文章第三、四段可知，这名女子只是每天重复同样的日常活动，而并没有尽她最大的努力（doing her best），所以作者认为这名女子的生活是消极的，即passive。故选D项。3B根据文章第五段第四句话“Dont expect your luck to change unless you do something about it”可知，一个人的运气可以通过努力得以改变。B项符合文意，故选B项。4A通读文章第五段可知，本段主要强调要采取

416、积极的行动，而不应仅仅靠运气、思想或希望。尤其是根据本段最后一句话“Its not enough to think positively；you also have to act positively”可知，本段强调的是积极行动的重要性。故选A项。5B文章的第一段和最后一段是本文的中心段，文章的第一句“How to improve my life？”和最后一句“In other words，dont just stand（or sit） there，do something to improve your life”更是直接点明了作者写这篇文章的意图，即告诉你该如何做到自我提升。B项符合文意，

417、故选B项。（六）1D根据文章第一段第一句话“No poem should ever be discussed or analyzed，until it has been read aloud by someone，teacher or student”以及后面的解释说明可知，要更好地理解诗歌就需要大声朗读它。故选D项。2A根据文章倒数第二段倒数第二、三句话“Poetry is a criticism of life，and a heightening（提升） of lifeIt is an approach to the truth of feeling，and it can save you

418、r life”可知，B、C、D三项均正确，只有A项不属于诗歌的功能。故选A项。3B根据文章最后一段可知，作者认为英语老师不是一定要教学生诗歌，也不应该强迫他们读诗，而是应该让学生理解诗歌的精髓，学会享受诗歌。故选B项。4A画线句子的字面意思为：诗歌在语言文学的教授中理应占据比现在更加重要的地位。根据文章倒数第二段并结合全文可知，该画线句子暗示我们应该更加重视诗歌的教授。故选A项。5C根据上下文语境可知，英语老师应该在课堂上留出一些时间来倾听诗歌，并思考诗歌的内涵。所以此处的make room应该意为“留出一定的时间”。故选C项。（七）1B根据第一段第四句“Both believe in som

419、ething that has not yet happened”可知，恐惧和信心都相信将来的某些事情也许发生。故选B项。2C根据第二段第一句可知，画线句子的意思为：我们只能在积极道路和消极道路这两种路中选择一种。故选C项。3B根据第三段第三句可知，适当的恐惧能使我们审查自己的情况，并为将来做打算。故选B项。4D根据最后一段第一句可知，如果我们对未来有信心，我们现在就会采取强有力的行动。故选D项。5C文章第一段最后一句中的“为什么不选择相信光明的未来呢”与最后一段第一句“对未来有信心会使人们现在就采取强有力的行动”首尾呼应，点明文章的主旨，即我们应该对未来抱有一种积极的态度。故选C项。（八）1

420、D根据文章第一段倒数第二句话“If you are stuck in a traffic jam，late for an appointment，being patient would mean keeping yourself from building_a_mental_snowball before your thinking get out of hand and gently reminding yourself to relax”可知，此处的building a mental snowball应该与“being patient”意思相反，意为“失去耐心”，即losing your

421、patience。故选D项。2B通读文章第一段可知，本段主要介绍了耐心对于我们来说是非常重要的。故选B项。3C根据文章第二段中的“What youll discover is truly amazingYour intention to be patient，especially if you know its only for a short while，immediately strengthens your capacity for patiencePatience is one of those special qualities where success feeds on itse

422、lf”并结合整段内容可推知，你可以从练习耐心中获得比你期待的更多的东西。故选C项。4B根据文章最后一段第二句话“Youll see even a difficult situation，say your present challenge，isnt life or death but simply a minor obstacle that must be dealt with”可推知，对于那些缺乏耐心的人而言，这种挑战是一件关乎“生与死”的事情。故选B项。5A通读全文可知，文章主要论述了耐心对人们所起的重要作用以及如何培养耐心。所以，本文的目的主要在于说服人们在日常生活中要多一点耐心，这样有

423、利于身心健康。故选A项。（九）1C通读全文可知，文章第三、四、五段是全文的重点，文章第三段第二句话“Its called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism”更是全文的主旨句，点明了文章的主旨，即全文主要介绍了防御性悲观（Defensive Pessimism）的积极影响。故选C项。2B根据文章第三段中的“Whats interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people，so their low opinion of the si

424、tuations outcomes is not realisticThey use it to motivate themselves to perform better”可知，画线单词it即指代前面的their low opinion。故选B项。3D画线句子的字面意思为：这不是火箭科学（复杂的事情）。根据上下文语境可知，画线句子隐含的意思为：它很容易理解。故选D项。4B根据文章最后一段中的“Dont feel bad if you see the glass half emptyYou are a realist”并结合全文可推知，作者很有可能是个现实主义者（realist）。故选B项。5

425、D根据文章第四段中的“There are many sayings in English urging cautionFor example，Dont put all your eggs in one basketand Dont count your chickens until they hatchTo have a confident and optimistic approach to lifes problems is good”可推知，D项符合题意。故选D项。三、其他（一）1D细节理解题。根据第二段中“.give squirrels a way to cross the busy

426、road without getting flattened by passing cars”可知建造这座桥的目的是为了保护松鼠。2B细节理解题。从第四段第一句“.that days coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety”以及第二句中“The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea.”可知就是在喝咖啡休息时产生了建造松鼠桥的想法。故选B项。3D词义猜测题。第六段的前两句主要介绍松鼠适应了过桥，并能看到松鼠教小松鼠们怎样过桥；guiding their you

427、ng 和teaching them the ropes为并列成分，都是松鼠教导小松鼠们过桥的方法，故D项正确。4C细节理解题。倒数第二段说明经过20年的使用，大桥又重新做了修复。故选C项。文章中没有提到把旧桥修复的更长，A项错误；建桥所用的材料文章也没有涉及，排除B项。比尔哈奇仅参与了建造工作，并不是设计桥的人，真正的设计者是建筑师。5A推理判断题。从建桥的起因阿莫斯皮特斯发现一只死去的松鼠而引发建桥的想法，并投入到后面的建桥工作中，以及文章最后一句话又概括说明了阿莫斯皮特斯对此项工程的付出，可知A项正确。（二）1A通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了大学里几种不同的职位。显然，文章的话题是有关教育的

428、，所以应该出现在报纸的教育专栏。故选A项。2D根据文章第三段第一句话“Professors usually need a doctoral degree”可知，教授一般都需要博士学位，不管是助理教授还是兼职教授。D项符合文意，故选D项。3D根据文章第三段最后三句话可知，助理教授通常会有五到七年的时间去赢得终身任职权，如果终身任职的要求没有通过，那么他还有一年的时间去寻找另一份工作。所以，一个助理教授最多可以在他的职位上待8年。故选D项。4A根据文章第三段第三、四句话以及文章第四段可知，要成长为一名教授，首先要从讲师做起，再做助理教授，然后做副教授，最后转为正教授。所以，正确的排列顺序应为b，a

429、，d，c。故选A项。5B通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在大学里要成为一名正教授需要经历哪些步骤和阶段。所以，在成为教授之前，你最好先了解一下这些内容。B项符合文意，故选B项。（三）1D根据文章第一段可知，A、B、C三项都是基因（genes）产生的影响，唯独D项文章中没有提到。故选D项。2A根据上下文语境可知，鲨鱼有一个特殊细胞网可以发现和侦探到电。由此可知，此处的detect应该意为“发现，注意”。A项符合文意，故选A项。3B根据文章第四段第二句话“The finding suggests that neural crest cells migrate from the sharks brain

430、s to various regions of the head，where they develop into electroreceptors”可知，B项符合文意。故选B项。4C根据文章第三段中的“.called electroreceptors.sharks can find fish hiding under sand on the weak electrical signals”可知，鲨鱼能够发现隐藏在沙子里的鱼靠的是电受器（electroreceptor）。故选C项。5B文章第一段是全文的中心段，主要介绍了鲨鱼的第六感与人类的某些基因是有关联的，接下来的段落都是围绕这一发现展开叙述

431、。B项最能概括文章大意，故选B项。（四）1D通读全文可知，文章第三段第一句话“Police investigators sought the help from Fisher because of his rich knowledge in conducting the socalled cognitive（认知的） interview，a kind of memoryrebuilding process”为全文的中心句，有承上启下的作用，既对前两段进行概括，又引起下文的话题。所以，本文的目的在于向读者介绍认知型采访（cognitive interview）的相关内容。故选D项。2C根据文章第

432、三段中的“.the socalled cognitive（认知的） interview，a kind of memoryrebuilding process”可知，认知型采访（cognitive interview）是通过重建记忆来帮助女士回想起更多的信息的。故选C项。3A根据文章第四段可知，在认知型采访（cognitive interview）中，采访者是在鼓励和引导目击者回忆起更多的信息，而不仅仅是不停地发问。由此可推出，在认知型采访（cognitive interview）中，采访者对目击者起到的是一种引导性的作用。故选A项。4B根据文章第四段第一句话“Usually，an interv

433、iewer begins the cognitive approach by encouraging the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone elses questions”以及下面的具体描述可知，认知型采访（cognitive interview）的关键在于鼓励目击者在回忆信息时扮演一个积极的角色。故选B项。5A根据文章最后一段“Experiments with police detectives trained in this

434、 demanding interview method find that they get nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training，while error rates remain about the same”可知，警察通过认知型采访（cognitive interview）可以从目击者那里获得更多的信息。故选A项。（五）1A文章第一段讲述凯莉的经历，第二段第一句起到承上启下的作用，点明下文要讨论的内容是“担心手机丢失是一种常见病”。所以第一段内容是为了引入主题。故选A项。2B根据第二段第二句中的“or

435、”可以推断，no mobile phone phobia（无手机恐惧症）与nomophobia的意思是相近的。故选B项。3A根据第六段可知，治疗无手机恐惧症有如下方法：留下电话，不去查看电子信箱和短信；学会忍受焦虑、压抑、战胜恐惧，学会应对没有电话的境况。由此可推断答案为A项。4C根据最后一段可知，一种名叫Asurion的服务可以使得你在手机丢失、被盗或是损坏时不会担心，而能保持一种平静心态，因为通过这种服务，你能够很快与家人、朋友和同事取得联系。故选C项。5D通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了解决无手机恐惧症的方法。故选D项。（六）1C通读全文可知，文章第三段是对前两段的概括和总结，讲述了芯片（c

436、hip）很快将在人们日常生活的方方面面中起作用，而第一、二段中所举的例子也正是为了说明这一点。故选C项。2D根据文章第五段中李蒂恩所说的话“Any technology of this kind could result in abuse of personal privacy，”以及“If a kid can be tracked，do you want other people to be able to track your kid？Its a doubleedged sword”可知，李蒂恩认为这种芯片是一把双刃剑。由此可推出，其对芯片的态度是很谨慎的（cautious）。故选D项。3

437、B根据文章第六段第一句话“Applied Digital Solutions，Incin Palm Beach，Florida，says it has recently applied to the Food and Drug Administration for permission to begin testing its device in humans”和第六段中的“with bits of information”并结合下文可推知，Applied Digital Solutions考虑这种设备的一个特征是其容量，即capacity。故选B项。4B根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话可知，A项

438、正确；文章中并未提及B项；根据文章第六段倒数第二句话可知，C项正确；根据文章倒数第二段第一、二句话可知，D项正确。故选B项。5A根据文章最后一段“In addition to technical problems，many suspect that all sorts of legal and privacy issues would have to be cleared as well”可知，B、C、D三项均是需要考虑的问题，只有A项不是。故选A项。（七）1B根据第二段可知，一氧化碳无色无味、不灼眼、不致人咳嗽，人们不知道空气中有这种气体。所以它不易被人们所察觉。故选B项。2D根据第三段第一

439、句可知，一氧化碳会降低血液输氧功能，从而危害人体健康。故选D项。3A根据第五段第五、六、七句“The person may feel sickThe room may appear to be turning aroundThe person may have trouble thinking clearly”可知，吸入微量的一氧化碳后，人们会感觉不舒服，觉得房间在旋转，无法清晰地思考。A项概括了这样一种“头昏目眩”的状态，故选A项。4C根据最后一段可知，一氧化碳对人体的影响因人而异，对小孩比对成人的影响大，对身体差的老人比对身体没问题的年轻人影响大。由此可推断，身体状况差的人一氧化碳中毒的后果更严重。故选C项。5D通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一氧化碳这种有毒气体的相关知识。故选D项。- 55 -