1、专题四语法填空第二讲非谓语动词真题验证(2017全国卷)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1.crowds(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2.from work. It took three years to complete and was buil
2、t using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 3.laying(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4.the top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 5.were used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6.fairly(fair)unpleasant
3、for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7.it every day.Later, engineers 8.managed (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the t
4、ube. This development was only possible with the 9.introduction (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10.successful(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extreme
5、ly popular with the public.文章大意：本文为说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。解析：考查名词复数。因为crowd为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词， 所以此处用其复数形式。解析：考查介词。此处是指“当他们来回上下班时”。解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included后由and连接了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。解析：考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在top前加the。解析：考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863年的事情，而且steam engines与use之
6、间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。解析：考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。解析：考查代词。根据上文的“the railway quickly”可知，此处用it代替the railway。解析：考查动词时态。因为engineers与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。解析：考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction。解析：考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。(2016全国)If you f
7、eel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of1.greater(great) and less importance.Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of2.achievement (achieve)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow3.is (be) often acceptab
8、le.Most of us are more focused4.on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.So, get an early start and try to be as productive5.as possible before lunch.This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent6.studies (study) s
9、how that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks7.regularly (regular)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for8.a while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely9.to bring(bring) your wo
10、rk home.It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is，10.make (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.文章大意：本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了缓解工作中的压力的一些方法。解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的“and less importance”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。解析：考查词性转换。首先处理最
11、重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词，a real sense of achievement意为“一种真实的成就感”。解析：考查主谓一致和时态。把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知，该句中的主语为动名词短语“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”，故谓语动词为第三人称单数形式，且全文的基本时态为一般现在时。故填is。解析：考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。固定短语be focused on意为“集中于”。故填on。解析：考查连词。因此，早点儿开始
12、并且在午饭前要尽可能高效。固定结构as.as possible意为“尽可能”。解析：考查名词复数。最新的研究表明，如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作”研究，调查”讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。解析：考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly“有规律地”。解析：考查冠词。固定短语for a while意为“一会儿”。解析：考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为“可能做某事”，故填to bring。解析：考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but
13、连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。模拟强化(2017江西省宜春市二模)“Do you call that a hat？”I said to my wife.“You neednt be so rude about it，”my wife answered as she looked at _1.herself_(she) in the mirror.I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and_2.waited_(wait)We_3.had_be
14、en_(be) in the hat shop for half an hour_4.and_ my wife was still in front of the mirror.“We mustnt buy things we dont need，”I remarked _5.suddenly_( sudden)I regretted_6.saying_(say) it almost at once.“You neednt have said that，”my wife answered.“I neednt remind you_7.of_that terrible tie you bough
15、t yesterday.”“I find _8.it_ beautiful，”I said.“A man can never have too many ties.”“And a woman cant have too many hats，”she answered.Ten minutes _9.later_we walked out of the shop together.My wife was wearing a hat _10.that/which_looked like a lighthouse!文章大意：本文主要讲述作者陪妻子买一顶像灯塔一样的帽子，作者不喜欢这顶，而妻子则说作者买
16、的一条糟糕透了的领带。最后，作者还是陪着妻子戴着那顶帽子走出了商店。解析：考查代词。根据句意：她在照镜子。用反身代词herself。解析：考查动词时态。and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，sat和waited是并列谓语，都用一般过去时态。解析：考查动词时态。我在商店里半小时发生在remarked之间，用过去完成时态。解析：考查连词。前后两个句子之间是并列关系，用连词and。解析：考查副词。remark是动词，用副词修饰，形容词sudden的副词是suddenly。解析：考查动名词。regret后接动词不定式表示“遗憾要做某事”，接动名词表示“遗憾做了某事”，此处表示后者之意，用动名
17、词。解析：考查介词。remind sb.of sth.意为“提醒某人某事”，是固定搭配解析：考查代词。it指代上文中提到的tie。解析：考查副词。later用于一段具体时间之后，表示从过去或将来算起的多长时间以后，但通常不指从现在算起的多久以后。解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词是a hat，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which。(2017河北省邯郸市高三二模)Theres no rose without a thorn(刺)This thought is absolutely necessary to prepare you _1.to_experi
18、ence_(experience) less pain and more joy in your journey of life.With a birdseye view，you may realize something meaningful.During your school _2.years_ (year)，while joyfully _3.studying_ (study) knowledge you are also under the pressure of homework，examinations，_4.and/or_ ranking.You face crises and
19、 pains.Meanwhile，all sorts of complex affairs may happen _5.between/to_ you and your classmates.In your _6.youth_ (young)，adolescence may fill you with unrealized desires and send you into deeper puzzlement.Entering marriage，you are _7.actually_ (actual) in the center of all the contradictionsthe ma
20、tching of different personalities，financial management and so on.As you become old，your health may decline and _8.various_ (vary) troubles in your career and family may appear gradually.We may therefore conclude that much of our life may not _9.be_spent_ (spend) in contentment.However，in fact，the di
21、scontent things are not useless since you may learn more from them _10.than_ from the things that cheer you up.文章大意：没有没刺的玫瑰，本文主要是就这一思想来讲述人生的。解析：考查动词不定式。此处为固定搭配：prepare sb to do sth.使某人准备做某事。故用动词不定式。解析：考查名词单复数。此处意为在你上学的那些年中，用复数，故填years。解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词，因为缺少主语，逻辑主语是you，和study之间是主动关系，故用studying。解析：考
22、查连词。此处前后部分之间是并列关系，故用and/or。 解析：考查介词。此处意为在你和你同学之间发生的事情，故用between，也可理解为发生在你和你同学身上的意思，故也可用to。解析：考查名词。此处意为在你年轻的时候，your是形容词性物主代词，后接名词，故改为youth。解析：考查副词。此处意为副词修饰整个句子，做状语，故用actually。解析：考查形容词。此处用形容词做定语修饰后面的troubles，各种各样的麻烦。解析：考查语态。此处意为被动，生活是被过的，前面有情态动词may，后接原形，故填be spent。解析：考查副词。此处为比较级，少了比较副词than，故加上去。(2017河
23、南省濮阳市高三一模)British children generally learn how to ride a bike at a young age after _1.being_taught_ (teach)by their parents.However，that rule doesnt apply _2.to_ me.Its not my dads faulthe tried to teach me.One of my earliest _3.memories_(memory)is falling from my bike and getting my legs hurt.I def
24、initely didnt want to repeat that.Time passed and _4.that_ I couldnt ride a bike never affected my life in high school because I lived close enough to walk to school.I never felt like I was missing out _5.until/till_ I couldnt go on a bike ride with my friends in Byron Bay because I was only confide
25、nt that I could ride in _6.a_ straight line.So when the opportunity came up _7.to_cycle_(cycle)the wall of Xian，I wanted to prove to _8.myself_ (me)that I could do it.With the help of a friend，I got on the bike.However，I had absolutely no idea how to start！I was instructed to push off with one foot
26、hard.It _9.sounded_(sound) simple but just would not happen.I fell off and landed _10.heavily_(heavy)on the ground before hitting a Chinese tourist.At 22 years old，I finally learnt how to ride a bike.解析：介词afte后面用动名词作宾语，句子的主语children和teach之间是被动关系，所以此处用动名词一般式的被动式，故填being taught。解析：固定搭配：apply to.适用于，故填to。解析：句意：我最早的记忆之一。可知用名词复数形式，故填memories。解析：句意：我不能骑自行车从来没影响我高中的生活。此处是that引导的主语从句。解析：句意：我从来没有觉得我错过了什么直到我不能和我的朋友在Byron Bay骑自行车。根据句意可知填until/till。解析：句意：在一条直线上。故填a。解析：此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故填to cycle。解析：句意：我要证明我自己。故填myself。解析：句意：这听起来很简单。sound听起来，此处是连系动词，根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填sounded。解析：副词修饰动词，故填heavily。