1、2021 届通用版高考一轮英语复习专题学案：专题 阅读理解 5（1）江苏省苏州中学、第十中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期中联考AWant to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA).Whatever stage of life youre at,wherever you go and whatever project you do
2、 in GDA,youll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.We have such r
3、oles as project managers,mountain leaders,and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a communitys access to safe drinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only wil
4、l you help our young volunteers to develop personally,youll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.You may have chances to meet new people wholl become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlg
5、eria5 Jul.1 Aug.20 Jun.7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul.20 Aug.19 Jun.6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul.16 Aug.18 Jun.5 Aug.South Africa2 Aug.29 Aug.15 Jun.2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed.All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and r
6、emote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website:www.glodeve.orgEmail:humanresourcesglodeve.org1.What is the main responsibility of
7、volunteer managers?A.To seek local partners.B.To take in young volunteers.C.To carry out programmes.D.To foster cultural awareness.2.The programme beginning in August will operate in _.A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.South Africa3.The shared goal of GDAs projects to _.A.explore new culturesB.protect the en
8、vironmentC.gain corporate benefitD.help communities in need【文章大意】本文是一则广告。Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为 GDA 招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。1.C 细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中 Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase.,or help to project.You m
9、ight also design.可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选 C。2.D 细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中 4-week programmes 中的最后一个 South Africa 2 Aug29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选 D。3.D 细节理解题。题干问 GDA 的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段 youll create positive changes in a poor and remote communit
10、y.和倒数第二段中 All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities 可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选 D。BMy school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area.Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot.It w
11、as a lot of work but it was all worth it.I got blisters(水泡)from digging,and we all got insect bites,too.I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration(合作),and then I learned about the media.Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished.She spoke with the prod
12、ucer.The producer checked with the directors,but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours.They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden,since many schools plant them.The teacher explained that,after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie(大草原),we had made a
13、prairie garden.We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants,and then we planted them.We did not water the garden,but we did weed it.We decided to let nature water it with rain,since that was how prairies grew in the past.We sent a picture of the garden to the news station.In the picture
14、,the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.As a result,the producer sent a reporter to our school.He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden.After that,they interviewed us,and we explained to them what we had learned through this proje
15、ct.That night,we watched the news,and there we were.The news reporter told our story.It was only two minutes long,but it was us.We were famous.All that work,all those blisters,it was worth it.We knew that when we saw the garden every day,but now we knew that the whole city thought so,too.4.What seem
16、ed to be the TV directors initial reaction to the garden?A.They were excited.B.They were surprised.C.They were worried.D.They were uninterested.5.What is special about the garden?A.Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.B.The grass grew faster than common grass.C.The seeds came from the plants of a
17、prairie.D.Underground water was used for the plants.6.What does the underlined word“that”refer to in the last paragraph?A.We got blisters on our hands.B.Our hard work was worthwhile.C.The garden would be famous.D.The project would be finished.7.How did the author feel about the project?A.Annoyed.B.C
18、urious.C.Proud.D.Regretful.【文章大意】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了他所在的班级在学校做了一个草原花园。同学们从中学到了很多的知识，还受到了电视台的采访报道。4.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中 The producer checked with the directors,but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours.(制片人和导演核实了一下，但他们说有很多和我们相似的故事)可推知，一开始的时候，电视导演对作者班级做的花园并不感兴趣。故选 D。5.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中 They wanted t
19、o know what was special about our particular garden,since many schools plant them.(他们想知道我们的花园有什么特别之处，因为许多学校都在种)及第三段中 The teacher explained that,after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie(大草原),we had made a prairie garden.We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants,and then
20、we planted them.(老师解释说，我们在网上了解了草原之后，做了一个草原花园。我们去了一个大草原，从植物中获取种子，然后我们种植它们)可知，新闻台工作者想知道作者班级做的花园有什么特别之处时，老师解释说这个花园的植物种子来自于草原上的植物。由此可推知，这个花园的特别之处在于花园里的植物种子真正来自于草原上的植物。故选 C。6.B 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中划线词所在句及前一句话 All that work,all those blisters,it was worth it.We knew that when we saw the garden every day,but now
21、we knew that the whole city thought so,too.(所有这些工作，所有这些水泡，都是值得的。当我们每天看到花园时，我们知道这一点，但现在我们知道，整个城市的人也这样认为)可推知，划线词 that 指代前一句的内容，即“我们的努力是值得的”。故选 B。7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The news reporter told our story.It was only two minutes long,but it was us.We were famous.All that work,all those blisters,it was worth it
22、.(新闻记者讲述了我们的故事。虽然只有两分钟，但那是我们。我们出名了。所有这些工作，所有这些水泡，都是值得的)可推知，作者对他们所做的这个项目感到很自豪。故选 C。C Bill Gates on how to fight future pandemicsWHEN HISTORIANS write the book on the covid-19 pandemic,what weve lived through so far will probably take up only the first third or so.The bulk of the story will be what ha
23、ppens next.I believe that humanity will beat this pandemic,but only when most of the population is vaccinated(接种疫苗）.Until then,life will not return to normal.As the pandemic slows in developed nations,it will accelerate in developing ones.Their experience,however,will be worse.In poorer countries,wh
24、ere fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures wont work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems wont be able to care for the infected.Wealthy nations can help.But people in rich and poor places alike will be safe only once we have an effective medical solution for this vir
25、us,which means a vaccine.My hope is that,by the second half of 2021,facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If thats the case,it will be a history-making achievement:the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing（免疫）against it.Apart from this pro
26、gress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.Researchers could have such a test ready within a few months of identifying a new disea
27、se.The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.We havent been as effective at developing drugs to fight viruses as we have those to fight bacteria.But that will Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which theyll be able to scan trough and quickly find effective treatme
28、nts for novel viruses.All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when the number of cases is still very low.Our progress wont be in science alone.It will also be in our ability to make sure everyone benefits from that science.In the years after
29、2021,I think well learn from the years after 1945.With the end of the Second World War,leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19,leaders will prepare institutions to prevent the next pandemic.These will be a mix of national,regional and global orga
30、nizations.I expect they will participate in regulargerm games”in the same way as armed forces take part in War games.These will keep us ready for the next time a novel virus jumps from bats or birds to humans.I hope wealthy nations include poorer ones in these preparations,especially by devoting mor
31、e foreign aid to building up their primary health-care systems.This pandemic has shown us that viruses dont obey border laws and that we are all connected biologically by a network of microscopic germs,whether we like it or not.The best analogy(类比）for today might be November 10th 1942.Britain had ju
32、st won its first land victory of the war,and Winston Churchill declared in a speech:“This is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning.”8.What are the three technologies that will prepare us for the next pandemic?manufacturing a vaccine fast diagn
33、osing a virus at homedeveloping antiviral drugs allowing us to intervene earlyA.B.C.D.9.As far as poorer countries are concerned,which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?A.pandemic disease is more likely to begin in poorer countriesB.Working from home can work well in poorer countrie
34、s.C.Health systems are sufficient to care for the infected in poorer countries.D.Virus will cross borders if poorer countries fail to contain it.10.Why is the Second World War mentioned in Para.8?A.The fight against the COVID-19 is similar to the Second World War.B.People are suffering just as they
35、were in the Second World War.C.We should cooperate globally just as we did after the Second World War.D.Countries are fighting each other like in the Second World War.11.What is the tone of this passage?A.pessimisticB.optimisticC.neutralD.indifferent【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，讲的是比尔盖茨谈人类如何抗击下一次疫情。8.A 细节理解题。根据第四段
36、“My hope is that,by the second half of 2021,facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If thats the case,it will be a history-making achievement:the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing（免疫）against it.”可知，我希望到 2021 年下半年，全世界的药厂都能生产出疫苗，如果是这样的话，这将
37、是一个历史性的成就：人类有史以来从认识一种新病毒到对它免疫最快的一次（快速生产疫苗）；根据第五段中的“Apart from this progress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.”可知，除了疫苗方面的这一进展，这
38、次疫情还将带来另外两项重大医学突破，其中一个是诊断学领域，下一次出现新的病毒时，人们可能就可以在家里进行测试了（在家诊断病毒）；根据第六段“The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.”及“Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which theyll be able to scan trough and quickly find effective treatments for novel viruses.”可知，第三个突破是在抗病毒药物方面，在研发
39、对抗病毒的药物方面，研究人员将开发出大量不同的抗病毒药物库，他们将能够扫描并快速找到针对新病毒的有效治疗方法（研发抗病毒药物），最后结合第七段“All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when the number of cases is still very low.”可知，以上三种技术将使我们为应对下一次疫情做好准备，使我们能够在病例数仍然很低的时候及早进行干预，故 A 项正确。9.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In poorer c
40、ountries,where fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures wont work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems wont be able to care for the infected.”可知，在较贫穷的国家，远程完成的工作更少，因此远程隔离措施也不会奏效，病毒会迅速传播，卫生系统将无法照顾感染者；再根据倒数第二段中的“This pandemic has shown us that viruses dont obey border law
41、s”可知，这次疫情向我们表明，病毒不遵守边境法，由此可知，如果贫穷国家控制不住病毒，病毒将会跨国传播，故 D 项正确。10.C 推理判断题。根据第八段中的“In the years after 2021,I think well learn from the years after 1945.With the end of the Second World War,leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19,leaders will prepare i
42、nstitutions to prevent the next pandemic.”可知，在 2021 年后的岁月里，我想我们会从 1945 年后的岁月中吸取教训，随着第二次世界大战的结束，各国领导人建立了像联合国这样的国际机构来防止更多的冲突，在此次新冠疫情之后，各国领导人将准备好（成立）预防下一次疫情的机构，再根据第九段中的“These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.”可知，这些组织将是国家、区域和全球组织的混合体，由此可知，第八段提到第二次世界大战是为了说明我们应该像第二次世界大战后那样进行全球合作
43、，故 C 项正确。11.B 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第七段“All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene(干预）early when the number of cases is still very low.”可知，以上三种技术（快速生产疫苗、在家诊断病毒、研发抗病毒药物）将使我们为应对下一次疫情做好准备，使我们能够在病例数仍然很低的时候及早进行干预；再根据第八段中的“After covid-19,leaders will prepare institu
44、tions to prevent the next pandemic.”及第九段中的“These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.”可知，在此次新冠疫情之后，各国领导人将准备好（成立）预防下一次疫情的机构，它们将是国家、区域和全球组织的混合体（世界各国进行全球合作），这些都有助于人类抗击下一次疫情，由此可知，在写这篇文章时，比尔盖茨对人类抗击下一次疫情是有信心的、持乐观态度（这篇文章的基调是乐观的），故 B 项正确。DThe Jewish(犹太人）family-had-just finished suppe
45、r and the woman had placed the dishes in the sink.The kitchen was quite damp and even gloomier than in the main room.It was their third apartment since the start of the war,they had abandoned the other two in a hurry.The woman came back into the room and sat down again at the table.The 3-year-old bo
46、y sat with his back straight,his eyes fixed on his father,but it was obvious that he was so sleepy that he could barely sit up.The man was smoking a cigarette.His eyes were blood-shot and he kept blinking in a funny way.This blinking had begun soon after they fled the second apartment.It was late,pa
47、st ten oclock and they could have gone to sleep,but first they had to play the game that they had been playing every day for two weeks.Even though the man tried his best and he moved very quickly,the fault was his and not the childs.The boy was.marvelous.Seeing his father put out his cigarette,he op
48、ened his blue eyes even wider.The woman,who didnt actually take part in the game,stroked the boys hair.“Well play the key game just one more time only today.Isnt that right?she asked her husband.He didnt answer because he was not sure.They were still two or three minutes off.He arose and walked towa
49、rds the bathroom door.Then the woman called out softly,“Ding-dong.At the sound of the bell ringing so musically from his mothers lips,the boy jumped up from his chair and ran to the front door,which was separated from the main room by a narrow corridor.“Whos there?he asked.The woman,remaining in her
50、 chair,shut her eyes tight as if feeling a sudden,sharp pain.“Il1 open up in a minute,Im just looking for the keys,the child called out.Then he ran back to the main room,making a lot of noise with his feet.He ran in circles around the table,pulled out one of the sideboard drawers,and slammed it shut
51、.“Just a minute,I cant find them,I dont know where Mama put them,he yelled,then dragged the chair across the room,climbed onto it,and reached up to the top of the shelf.“I found them!”he shouted triumphantly.Then he got down from the chair,pushed it back to the table,and calmly walked to the door an
52、d opened it.“Shut the door,darling,the woman said softly.You were perfect.”The child didnt hear what she said.He stood in the middle of the room,staring at the closed bathroom door.“Shut the door,the woman repeated in a tired flat voice.Every evening she repeated the same words,and every evening he
53、stared at the closed bathroom door.At last it opened.The man was pale and his clothes were streaked with lime and dust.He stood there,eyes blinking in that funny way.“Well?How did it go?asked the woman.“I still need more time.He has to look for them longer.I slip in sideways all right,but then.Its s
54、o tight in there that when I turn.And hes got to make more noise-he should stamp his feet louder.The child didnt take his eyes off him.“Say something to him,the woman whispered.You did a good job,little one,he said mechanically.“Thats right,”the woman said,“youre really doing a wonderful job,darling
55、.You act just like a grown-up.And you do know that if someone should really ring the doorbell when Mama is at work,everything will depend on you?And what will you say when they ask you about your parents?”“Mamas at work.”“And Papa?He was silent.“And Papa?the man screamed in terror.The child turned p
56、ale.“And Papa?”the man repeated more calmly.“Hes dead,”the child answered and threw himself at his father,who was standing right beside him,but already long dead to the people who would really ring the bell.12.What does the underlined sentence in Para.5 mean?A.The family needed to practise the game
57、for another 2 or 3 minutes.B.There was still 2 or 3 minutes left before someone knocked at the door.C.They would become too sleepy to play the game 2 or 3 minutes later.D.The father needed 2 or 3 more minutes before the kid opened the door.13.Why did the boy make a lot of noise when he was looking f
58、or the key?A.Because he needed to drown out the noise caused by his father.B.Because he was too little and just couldnt control his footsteps.C.Because he was too anxious to find the key to open the door with.D.Because he met many barriers on his way to where the key was.14.In Para.12,why did the mo
59、ther repeat“shut the door”in a tired,flat voice,instead of the previous soft one?A.She was angry because her son didnt close the door as he had been told to.B.She felt anxious because she knew her husband would be annoyed at the boy again.C.She was disappointed because the boys movement betrayed aga
60、in where her husband was.D.She was impatient because she was asked to repeat these words again and again every evening.15.What is the best title of the passage?A.A Scary NightB.The Key GameC.My Father Is DeadD.An Innocent Boy【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是三岁的男孩和父母晚上玩的找钥匙游戏。12.D 句意猜测题。根据第五段中 They were still two
61、 or three minutes off.“他们还有两三分钟的时间。”和下文的“Il1 open up in a minute,Im just looking for the keys,the child called out.“我马上就开门，我只是在找钥匙。”孩子叫道。由此推知划线句意的意思是“父亲又过了两三分钟，孩子才打开门。”故选 D。13.A 推理判断题。根据第 8 段“Il1 open up in a minute,Im just looking for the keys,the child called out.Then he ran back to the main room,
62、making a lot of noise with his feet.He ran in circles around the table,pulled out one of the sideboard drawers,and slammed it shut.“我马上就开门，我只是在找钥匙。”孩子叫道。然后他跑回主屋，用脚弄出很大的声响。他绕着桌子跑了一圈，拉出一个餐具柜抽屉，砰地关上。和下文中的 hes got to make more noise-he should stamp his feet louder.“他得弄出更多的声音他跺脚的声音应该更大一些。”由此推知，这个男孩在找钥匙的时
63、候之所以发出这么大的声音，是因为他需要淹没他父亲发出的噪音。故选 A。14.C 推理判断题。根据第 1315 段中 At last it opened.The man was pale and his clothes were streaked with lime and dust.He stood there,eyes blinking in that funny way.最后它打开了。那人脸色苍白，衣服上布满了石灰和灰尘。他站在那里，眼睛眨得很滑稽。“Well?How did it go?asked the woman.“嗯?进展如何?”女人问。“I still need more tim
64、e.He has to look for them longer.I slip in sideways all right,but then.Its so tight in there that when I turn.And hes got to make more noise-he should stamp his feet louder.“我还需要更多的时间。他不得不花更长的时间去寻找它们。我侧身滑了进去，但后来里面太紧了，我一转身他必须制造更多的噪音他应该跺脚更大声。”由此可知，母亲用疲惫、平淡的声音重复着“关上门”，而不是先前那句温柔的话是因为她很失望，因为男孩的举动再次泄露了她丈夫
65、的行踪。故选 C。15.B 标题判断题。根据第三段 It was late,past ten oclock and they could have gone to sleep,but first they had to play the game that they had been playing every day for two weeks.“时间已经很晚了，10 点多了，他们本来可以去睡觉的，但是他们必须先玩他们已经玩了两个星期的游戏。”和第四段“Well play the key game just one more time only today.Isnt that right?s
66、he asked her husband.“我们只会在今天再玩一次找钥匙的比赛。好吗?”她问丈夫。这篇文章讲述了一个找钥匙比赛。所以 B 项为最佳标题。故选 B。（2）山东省济南市章丘市第四中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期第五次质量检测AUS student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school.Her skin is dark,her accent is thick,and if you ask her,she will tell you these are the things she is
67、proudest of.Tahay is a poet,and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.When she is on the stage,audiences often go silent.They also laugh,shout and cry.But this doesnt come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America.W
68、hen she first appeared at school,she was teased by others for being short and different.She never spoke,so they called her“mouse”.“How do I defend myself?”Tahay thought.“I dont know how.”“Keep going,”her mother would tell her.“At some point,youll learn.”She spent hours after school and on weekends w
69、atching the same DVDs:English without Barriers.Tahays elder brother,Elmer,persuaded her to go to the after-school poetry club.In the last six years,her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High Schools poetry program into one of the most respected in the city.Her team draws fr
70、om the likes of D.H.Laurence,Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives.The poems focus on many things some funny,some painful.The first time Tahay read the groups poems,chills went up her spine(脊柱).“I wish I could write like that,”she thought.“I want to say something.”She wro
71、te her first poem about her first year in America.She called it Invisible.The day her turn came to recite in front of the team,she broke down crying.She cried for 15 minutes.“I had so much held in,”Tahay said.“I couldnt even finish it.”But she kept at it despite her less-than-perfect grammar,spellin
72、g and diction(措辞).Still,she wouldnt tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.But with time,her poems changed her.“They gave me pride,”Tahay said.“They told me that Im worth something.”“She had this innocence,”Kurnick said.“This willingness to be genuine and sh
73、ow you things you dont ever see.”1.What did Tahays mother suggest she do when she was teased by others?A.Fight with them bravely.B.Report them to her teachers.C.Try hard to make friends with them.D.Ignore them and keep going.2.What are the themes of Tahay and her teams poems?A.Funny and painful stor
74、ies about their lives.B.Their appreciation of natural beauty.C.Their expectations of a better future.D.Their admiration for the great poets.3.How did Tahay benefit from writing poems?A.She became the first student poet in the city.B.She won many national poetry competitions.C.She felt more confident
75、 about herself.D.She improved her grammar and spelling greatly.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了皮肤黝黑的女生塔海经常被同学取笑，这让她很自卑，但是诗歌给了她自信。1.细节理解题。根据第四段“Keep going,”her mother would tell her.“At some point,youll learn.”可知，当被别人取笑时，塔海的妈妈告诉她不要理那些嘲笑的话，继续前进，故 D 项正确。2.细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The poems focus on many things some funny,some
76、painful.”可知，塔海和她的小组成员的诗歌专注于（主题是）生活中有趣和痛苦的事情，故 A 项正确。3.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But with time,her poems changed her.“They gave me pride,”Tahay said.“They told me that Im worth something.”可知，但随着时间的推移，塔海的诗歌改变了她，诗歌让她感到自豪，让她知道自己是有价值的，也就是说诗歌给了她自信，故 C 项正确。BA large body of research has been developed in recent years t
77、o explain many aspects of willpower.Most of the researchers exploring self-control do so with an obvious goal in mind:How can willpower be strengthened?If willpower is truly a limited resource,as the research suggests,what can be done to make it stay strong?Avoiding temptation(诱惑)is an effective met
78、hod for maintaining self-control,which is called the out of sight,out of mind principle.One recent study,for instance,found office workers less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks,in plain sight.The research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of self-con
79、trol raises a troubling question.When we face too many temptations,are we to fail?Not necessarily.Researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever completely exhausted.Rather,people appear to hold some willpower in reserve,saved for future demands.The right motivation allows us to tap into those
80、 reserves,allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down.High motivation might help overcome weakened willpower-at least to a point.Willpower may also be made less vulnerable(脆弱)to being exhausted in the first place.Researchers who study self-control often describe it
81、as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use.But there is another aspect to the muscle comparison,they say.While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term,they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term.Similarly,regular practices of self-control may improve willpowe
82、r strength.The evidence from willpower-exhaustion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions on New Years Eve is the worst possible approach.Being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas,so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time.In other words,dont try
83、 to quit smoking,adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same time.Taking goals one by one is a better approach.Once a good habit is in place,Baumeister says,youll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior.Eventually healthy habits will become routine,and wo
84、nt require making decisions at all.4.From the studies in the passage we learn that _.A.people have unlimited self-controlB.high motivation ensures ones successC.too many temptations often lead to failureD.willpower is hardly completely exhausted5.The underlined phrase tap into in Paragraph 3 most pr
85、obably means _.A.put up withB.make up forC.make use ofD.keep away from6.The author compares selfcontrol to muscles _.A.to explain the benefits of practicing self-controlB.to show the significance of regular exerciseC.to argue that self-control can he easily used upD.to prove the long-term effect of
86、willpower7.To develop a good habit,which of the following does the author prefer?A.I will give up dessert and do exercise.B.I will set three goals this new semester.C.I will read an English novel every month.D.I will keep myself from any temptation.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章列举了关于意志力的几种研究和观点，作者认为有了明确的目标，良好的自我监
87、督和练习，就可以在面对诱惑时使意志力保持坚强。4.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever completely exhausted.Rather,people appear to hold some willpower in reserve,saved for future demands.”可知，研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求节省的意志力。所以从文章中的研究了解到，意志力很难完全用尽。故选 D 项。5.C 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“The right motivat
88、ion allows us to tap into those reserves,allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down.”可知，前句指出人们会保存一些意志力留作他用，而这里正是要利用保存下来的意志力让人们坚持下去。C 选项 make use of 意为“使用，利用”，符合文意。故选 C 项。6.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term,they are strengt
89、hened by regular exercise in the long term.Similarly,regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength.”可知，虽然肌肉在短期内会因运动而疲惫不堪，但长期而言，会通过经常锻炼而加强，这对于意志力来说是一样的，通过自我控制就能增强意志力。作者用肌肉作比喻就是为了解释自我控制带来的好处。故选 A 项。7.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Taking goals one by one is a better approach.Once a good habit is i
90、n place,youll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior.Eventually healthy habits will become routine,and wont require making decisions at all.”可知，作者认为逐个制定目标继而养成习惯是一种更好的方法。C 选项“我会每个月读一部英文小说”符合先设立目标然后养成习惯的模式，应该是更受作者喜欢的。故选 C 项。C The worlds first hydrogen-powered trains have beg
91、un running in Germany.They began carrying passengers Monday in Germany s northern Lower Saxony state.The new train will run100-kilometer trips and can travel up to 140 kilometers an hour.A French railroad company called Alstom built the two trains.Team in Germany and France cooperated on the project
92、,which was supported by the German government.The new train model,called the Coradia ilint,signals the beginning of efforts in Germany and other nations to move away from pollution-producing diesel(柴油)trains.Compared with the diesel trains,the Coradia iLint is designed to run on non-electrified trai
93、n 1ines with low levels of noise.It uses a process that combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electrical power.If the system produces more energy than the train needs at that time,it can store the extra energy in batteries.The only emissions(排放物)are water and steam.A single tank of hydrogen can ru
94、n a Coradia iLint train for about 1,000 kilometers.This is very similar to the distance a diesel-powered train can run on with a single tank.Hydrogen-powered trains cost more than diesel trains to build.But Alstom officials say the operating costs are much lower.The company plans to provide another
95、l4 Coradia iLint trains to Lower Saxony by 2021.The head of railroad operations in the area,Carmen Schwabl,praised replacing diesel trains with hydrogen.She said the move was an important first step in using clean-burning technologies to reach climate protection goals.Officials say the areas many wi
96、nd turbines(涡轮机)will produce part of the energy to create the hydrogen to power the trains.Alstom says several other European countries have also expressed interest in developing hydrogen train systems.France has already said it wants its first hydrogen train to be operating by 2022.8.Why did German
97、y build the new trains?A.To make traveling much easier.B.To carry more passengers.C.To replace diesel trains.D.To develop friendship with France.9.It can be concluded that hydrogen trains _.A.are widely usedB.can produce water and oxygenC.can stop air pollutionD.are environmentally friendly10.What m
98、ight be the best title for the text?A.Worlds First Hydrogen TrainsB.Efforts to Reduce EmissionsC.Saving Natural ResourcesD.A New Way to Make Electricity【文章大意】本文是一篇科技说明文。文章介绍的是一种新型的氢动力火车。8.C 细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句 The new train model,called the Coradia ilint,signals the beginning of efforts in Germany and
99、 other nations to move away from pollution-producing diesel(柴油)trains.（这款名为 Coradia ilint 的新列车标志着德国和其他国家开始努力摆脱产生污染的柴油列车。）可知德国建造新火车的目的是为了取代柴油火车。故选择 C。9.D 推理判断题。由文中第三段 Compared with the diesel trains,the Coradia iLint is designed to run on non-electrified train 1ines with low levels of noise.和 The onl
100、y emissions(排放物)are water and steam.可知，新的氢动力火车具有低噪音的特点，且其唯一的排放物是水和蒸汽，所以是环保的，故 D 为正确答案。10.A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The worlds first hydrogen-powered trains have begun running in Germany.”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍的是一种新型的氢动力火车的研制及其特点。所以 A 项 Worlds First Hydrogen Trains(世界上第一辆氢火车)符合文章大意。故选 A。（3）江苏省徐州市 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期中考试
101、AA motorcyclist should generally follow the driving rules which apply to all motor vehicles.However,because of the nature of the vehicle,the following additional safety measures should apply to the operation of a motorcycle.1.Because of in stability in case of sudden stops,following distances should
102、 be greater than for cars.2.The proper position of the foot while the motorcycle is moving is resting on peg(脚蹬)and keeping foot straight.3.Helmets must be worn for head protection in case of an accident.4.Allow the engine to warm up before starting.5.Drive slowly and use extreme caution on surfaces
103、 which are slippery because of ice,snow,sand,mud,etc.to guard against falling.6.When operating a motorcycle at night you should travel near the center of the right-hand lane at reduced speed.7.A passenger shall not be carried unless the vehicle is equipped with a seat designed to carry two persons.8
104、.Avoid going between the cars.A passenger may suddenly open the door to leave the car.9.Drive in traffic only after developing skill in the control of the motorcycle away from traffic.10.A screen must be used or eye glasses worn to protect the eyes.41.From the contents and the writing style,we can i
105、nfer it is a(an)_.A.noteB.instructionC.noticeD.advertisement42.When we operate a motorcycle,we should_.A.do some warm-up exercises first.B.wear helmets just in case.C.avoid driving in traffic.D.never carry a passenger.43.Which of the following can best summarize this passage?A.Good Driving HabitsB.E
106、njoy Driving MotorcyclesC.Functions of MotorcyclesD.Avoid Using Motorcycles【文章大意】本文是说明文。摩托车手一般应遵守适用于所有机动车辆的驾驶规则。然而，由于车辆的性质，文章说明了一些摩托车操作应该遵守的额外的安全措施。41.B 推理判断题。根据第一段的 the following additional safety measures should apply to the operation of a motorcycle.(下列附加的安全措施应适用于摩托车的操作。)和下文的 1 到 10 条注意事项可推断，本文是一
107、项说明，既不是便条，也不是通知和广告。故选 B。42.B 细节理解题。根据 3.Helmets must be worn for head protection in case of an accident.可知，必须带头盔保护头部以防事故。故选 B。43.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段 However,because of the nature of the vehicle,the following additional safety measures should apply to the operation of a motorcycle.但是，由于摩托车的性质，驾驶摩托车应采取下列附加安
108、全措施以及通读 1 到 10 条额外的驾驶摩托车需要注意的安全事项可知，骑摩托车时要养成良好的驾驶习惯，注意防护，小心驾驶，注意车速车距，避免事故发生。所以 A 选项“良好的驾驶习惯”最能概括这篇文章。故选 A。BOne of the most successful,influential and beloved women in American history,Eleanor Roosevelt once said that she had one regret:she wished she had been prettier.Who hasnt felt the same way?We
109、are all too aware of our physical imperfections.To overcome them,we spend billions upon billions every year.Why do we care so much about how we look?Because it matters.Because beauty is powerful.Because even we learn to value people mostly for being kind and wise and funny,we are still moved by beau
110、ty.Aristotle said,“Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction”.Its not fair,but its true.We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others.Attach a photograph of a beautiful author to an essay,and people will think that it is more creative and more intelligently writt
111、en than exactly the same essay accompanied by the photo of a homely author.As children,beautiful people are more likely to become favorites with parents and teachers.Later,they are more likely to get good jobs.Attractive people in need are more likely to receive help from strangers.These days,women
112、and men both rely on advanced technology to improve their beauty.Wrinkles can be stretched away with a face lift.Special injections can make lips look young and plump(丰满的).Besides being a sign of youth,good skin also means that the person is likely to be healthy.Still,it is possible to go too far.At
113、 the end of the 19th century,some women even had their ribs(肋骨)removed so theyd have that perfect narrow waist.Our sensitivity to physical beauty is not something we can control at will.We are born with it.Experiments showed that even small infants prefer to look at attractive faces.Before they have
114、 met a single supermodel,before they have watched a single TV show,before they have opened up a single fashion magazine,they are drawn to the same faces which adults have judged to be attractive.There are more important things in life than beauty.But as Nancy Etcoff says,“We have to understand beaut
115、y,or we will always be enslaved by it.”If you aim to be wise and kind and funny,it doesnt mean that you cant also try your best to look beautiful.Theres no reason to feel guilty about being moved by beautys power.It moves us all.44.Which of the following proverbs has the opposite meaning of Aristotl
116、es sentence in Paragraph 2?A.Never judge a book by its cover.B.Act on second thoughts.C.Leave your luck while winning.D.Great minds think alike.45.The underlined word“homely”in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by _.A.attractiveB.plainC.beautifulD.handsome46.According to the passage,which of the following
117、 statements is true?A.People are all slaves to beauty.B.Beauty can ensure good jobs.C.Advanced technology helps improve beauty.D.People value beauty over other virtues.47.Whats the best title of this passage?A.The Power of BeautyB.Huge Costs of BeautyC.Bad Effects of BeautyD.Various Ways to Beauty【文
118、章大意】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美丽可以给人带来很多好处，例如：漂亮的人更有可能成为父母和老师的最爱、更有可能找到好工作、更有可能从陌生人那里得到帮助。但生活中有比美更重要的东西，被美的力量感动，并不需要有罪恶感，因为所有的人都受它感动。44.A 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Beauty is a greater recommendation than any letter of introduction.”可知，亚里士多德说：“美是比任何介绍信都要有用的推荐函”。A.不要以貌取人；B.三思而后行；C.了解事物成熟的时机，并善加利用；D.英雄所见略同。因此 A 项与亚里士多德所说的相反。故选
119、A。45.B 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“We simply treat beautiful people better than we do others.”可知，我们就是会对美丽的人比较好。划线词所在的句子是在为这个观点举例子，划线词所在句子中的 than 表示二者的比较，其中的一个是 a beautiful author(漂亮的作者)，则另一个是长相一般的作者。A.attractive 吸引人的；B.plain 平常的，朴素的；C.beautiful 美丽的；D.handsome 帅气的。故选 B。46.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These days,women and men b
120、oth rely on advanced technology to improve their beauty.”可知，如今，男人和女人都依靠先进的技术来改善自己的美丽。即 C 项（高科技有助于改善美丽）正确。故选 C。47.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了美丽可以给人带来很多好处，例如：漂亮的人更有可能成为父母和老师的最爱、更有可能找到好工作、更有可能从陌生人那里得到帮助。但生活中有比美更重要的东西，被美的力量感动，并不需要有罪恶感，因为所有的人都受它感动。因此 A 项 The Power of Beauty(美丽的力量)符合文章内容，可以作为标题。故选 A。CIt was Apri
121、l 14,2016.It was the first full day of Kobe Bryants new chapter as a retired NBA player.All he had done the night before was score 60 points in his farewell game,not getting out of Staples Center until around midnight.His staff at Kobe,Inc.were certain they would beat their boss to the office that m
122、orning.They were wrong.He beat everyone there by two hours.“We have a lot of work to do,”Bryant told them.Even in retirement,Bryant found no substitute for hard work.Kobe Bean Bryant was many things:one of the greatest players in basketball history,a five-time NBA champion,Olympic gold medalist,a fl
123、uent speaker of multiple languages,a resident of the world,an Oscar winner,the self-described Black Mamba that started as a nickname and became his brand,someone so good he had two numbers retired by the Los Angeles Lakers.Tears,as would be expected once the news broke of Bryants death in a helicopt
124、er crash in Southern California on Sunday,flowed freely in the NBA world.The best ones,the ones like James and Leonard and lonescu and Neymar,were all like Bryant.Driven.Obsessed with their skill.Those are the sort of people Bryant enjoyed most.He didnt have much patience for any thing else.His toug
125、hness was legendary(享有盛名的).Bryant hurt his knees on a play in 2013 but he played through the game because the game was so important in the playoff race.“We were down two.Had to tie the game first.”Bryant said years later,when asked why he stayed in the game.His commitment(敬业)was legendary.There was
126、a game in 2011 in Miami where the Lakers lost by six,and Bryant was so displeased with his performance that he went back to the court for 90 minutes of uninterrupted shooting that went on until after midnight.His teammates were on Miami Beach for dinner.Bryant was working instead.“Its my job,”Bryant
127、 said.He was as driven in his storytelling life as he was in his playing days.Kobe,Inc.wasnt just a cool name.It was his world.He wanted to inspire kids through books that combined the worlds of sports and story.He was considering the idea of taking his stories to Broadway.He won an Oscar for“Dear B
128、asketball,”a short film in 2018 that had been converted from a poem that he penned when he decided it was time to retire from playing the game.He wasnt joking when talking to his staff on April 14,2016.Kobe Bryant still had a lot of work to do.The tribute(悼念)will continue,though at last fade away.Th
129、e influence will be forever.48.The underlined word“converted”in paragraph 6 can be replaced by_.A.adaptedB.adoptedC.acceptedD.achieved49.Why did Kobe Bryant have two numbers retired by the Los Angeles Lakers?A.It was the common practice to do so in NBA.B.It was the reward for his excellent performan
130、ce.C.The numbers once used are not accepted by others.D.The numbers are forever in memory of his death.50.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Kobes spirits will be long-lasting after his death.B.Kobe never goes out dining with his teammates.C.Kobe got the nickname Bl
131、ack Mamba from his fans.D.Kobe had a good relax after his farewell game.51.Suppose this passage is from a magazine,which column do you think it belongs to?A.Current Affairs.B.Global Personage.C.Financial window.D.Culture Online.【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章讲述了篮球巨星科比布莱恩特的事迹，介绍了科比取得的成就，做出的贡献等，深深的悼念对科比的去世，科比精神将长久存在。
132、48.A 词句猜测题。根据下文 a short film in 2018 that had been converted from a poem that he penned when he decided it was time to retire from playing the game(一部 2018 年的短片，从他写的一首诗中 convert 而来，是他决定退休时，写下的一首诗)可推断，短片是由诗歌改编的，与 adapt 意义相同，故选 A。49.B 推理判断题。根据上文 Kobe Bean Bryant was many things:one of the greatest pla
133、yers in basketball history,a five-time NBA champion,Olympic gold medalist,a fluent speaker of multiple languages,a resident of the world,an Oscar winner,the self-described Black Mamba that started as a nickname and became his brand(科比布莱恩特是篮球史上最伟大的球员之一，五次获得 NBA 冠军，奥运会金牌得主，一位流利的多种语言演讲者，一位世界居民，奥斯卡获奖者，自
134、称为黑曼巴，开始作为一个昵称，成为他的品牌)可推断，他是如此优秀以至于他有两个号码被洛杉矶湖人队退役，这是对他优秀表现的奖励。故选 B。50.A 细节理解题。根据最后一句 The tribute(悼念)will continue,though at last fade away.The influence will be forever.(悼念继续，尽管最终会消失，但是影响将是永远的)可推断，科比精神在他死后将长久存在。故选 A。51.B 推理判断题。文章讲述有关篮球巨星科比的事情，因此推断，文章如果来自杂志，应该出现在环球人物上，不可能是今日时事，经济之窗或者在线文化。故选 B。DI fir
135、st visited China in 1979,a few months after our countries normalized relations.China was just beginning to remake its economy,and I was in the first Senate Delegation(参议院代表团)to witness it.Traveling through the country last month,I could see how much China had changed in 32 years.Then,as now there we
136、re concerns about what a growing China meant to America and the world.Some here see Chinas growth as a threat.Some Chinese worry our aim in the Asia-Pacific is to contain Chinas rise.I dont agree to these views.We are clear about concern like Chinas growing military abilities.That is why we are work
137、ing with the Chinese military to understand and shape their thinking.It is why the president has directed the United States to keep a strong position in the area.I am sure that a successful China can make our country more prosperous(繁荣的),not less.We share common challenges and responsibilities.The C
138、hinese leaders I met with know their country must shift from an economy driven by exports,investment and heavy industry to one driven more by consumption and services.As Americans save more and Chinese buy more,this change will speed up,opening opportunities for us.Even as the United States and Chin
139、a cooperate,we also compete.I strongly believe that the United States can and will benefit from this competition.Maybe more important,the nature of 21st century competition favors the United States.In the 20th century,we measured a nations wealth mainly by its natural resources,its land mass,its pop
140、ulation and its army.In the 21stcentury,the true wealth of a nation is found in the creative minds of its people and their ability to innovate(创新).As I told students in Chengdu,the United States is born for innovation.Competition is the base of our society.We owe our strength to our political and ec
141、onomic system and to the way we educate our children.We not only tolerate but celebrate free expression and debate.Our universities remain attractive to the worlds students and scholars.Fundamental rights are universal.Liberty unlocks a peoples full potential,while its absence causes unrest.Open and
142、 free societies are best at promoting long-term growth.We have our own work to do.We need to ensure that any American willing to work can find a good job.We need to keep attracting the worlds top talent.Ive traveled half a million miles around the world.I always come home feeling the same confidence
143、 in our future.Some may warn of Americas failure,but Im not among them.And let me reassure you:based on my time in China,neither are the Chinese.52.In the authors eyes,.A.the growing China has become a threat to America.B.theres only competition between China and America.C.Chinese universities have
144、surpassed American ones.D.a bright future is waiting for both China and America.53.After reading the passage,we can infer this passage is a(an)_.A.speechB.noticeC.announcementD.script54.The authors opinion of the cooperation between China and America is_.A.criticalB.optimisticC.pessimisticD.indiffer
145、ent55.According to the passage,the author may be a(an).A.senior official of AmericaB.businessman of ChinaC.senior official of ChinaD.actor of America【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要在讲述中国和美国之间是合作竞争关系，美国受益于这种关系，美国的创新精神和自由权利让作者对美国的未来充满信心。一个光明的未来正等待着中国和美国。52.D 推理判断题。由第二段的“I am sure that a successful China can make ou
146、r country more prosperous(繁荣的),not less.We share common challenges and responsibilities.As Americans save more and Chinese buy more,this change will speed up,opening opportunities for us.”可知，我仍然坚信，中国的成功可促进我国的繁荣，不会削弱我国的繁荣。我们有共同的挑战和责任。随着美国人增加储蓄，中国人扩大消费，这一转型将加速进行，从而为我们创造机会。由此判断出，在作者看来，一个光明的未来正等待着中国和美国。
147、D 选项正确。53.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要在讲述中国和美国之间是合作竞争关系，美国受益于这种关系，美国的创新精神和自由权利让作者对美国的未来充满信心。一个光明的未来正等待着中国和美国。由最后一段最后一句“And let me reassure you:based on my time in China,neither are the Chinese.”可知，我可以向你们保证：根据我在中国的经历，中国人也不认为如此。可知，这篇文章作者是在发表言论去说服民众。由此判断出短文是一篇演讲。故 A选项正确。54.B 推理判断题。由第二段“As Americans save more an
148、d Chinese buy more,this change will speed up,opening opportunities for us.”和最后一段“I always come home feeling the same confidence in our future.”可知，随着美国人增加储蓄，中国人扩大消费，这一转型将加速进行，从而为我们创造机会。每次回国，我都感到对我们的未来同样充满信心。由此可判断出，作者对中国和美国之间的合作关系是持积极乐观态度。结合选项可知，B 选项正确。55.A 推理判断题。由第一段第二句“China was just beginning to re
149、make its economy,and I was in the first Senate Delegation(参议院代表团)to witness it.”可知，中国刚刚开始重建经济，我作为第一个参议院访华代表团的成员见证了这个演变的阶段。由此可测，作者是一名美国高级官员。故 A 选项正确。（4）宁夏回族自治区银川一中 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期中考试ABooks Recommended by TED SpeakersA Mathematicians Apology by G.H.HardyThis is the best book I know about the sheer
150、beauty of mathematics.Heres one lovely quote from the book:“A mathematician,like a painter or a poet,is a maker of patterns.If his patterns are more permanent than theirs,it is because they are made with ideas.”David Brenner(TED Talk:A new weapon in the fight against superbugs)The Future by Nick Mon
151、tfortThis is a short read but a great look at some key future thinkers throughout history.Through delightfully written case studies,Montfort makes the argument that the future can be made and not predicted.Its a must-read for anyone interested in future studies and the role that sci-fi,speculative d
152、esign and big ideas play in shaping our future relationship with technology.Raphael Arar(TED Talk:How we can teach computers to make sense of our emotions)Improv Wisdom:Dont Prepare,Just Show Up by Patricia Ryan Madson“We all could use a lesson on how to have fun in business and in life.Madson does
153、a wonderful job providing strategies on how to deal with lifes many challenging situations by drawing from the maxims of improvisational theater.”Lisa Dyson(TED Talk:A forgotten Space Age technology could change how we grow food)If You Want to Write:A Book About Art,Independence and Spirit by Brenda
154、 UelandFor those who know they have something to express,these stressful times can feel a bit hopeless it may seem impossible to find the time,skill and energy to create.This is one of the most timeless books on how to regain that hope,and its also a delightful read,in and of itself.Sebastian Wernic
155、ke(TED Talk:How to use data to make a hit TV show)1.What is the topic of the talk given by Raphael Arar?A.A new weapon in the fight against superbugs.B.How we can teach computers to make sense of our emotions.C.A forgotten Space Age technology could change how we grow food.D.How to use data to make
156、a hit TV show.2.Who are advised to read Improv Wisdom:Dont Prepare,Just Show Up?A.Those interested in mathematics.B.Those interested in future studies.C.Those faced with lifes difficulties.D.Those eager to create books.3.Which book does Sebastian Wernicke recommend?A.A Mathematicians Apology.B.The F
157、uture.C.Improv Wisdom:Dont Prepare,Just Show Up.D.If You Want to Write:A Book About Art,Independence and Spirit.【文章大意】这是一篇运用文。文章介绍了由 TED 演说家推荐的 4 本书。以及这 4 本书的概要内容。1.B 细节理解题。由第 2 本书中的“Raphael Arar(TED Talk:How we can teach computers to make sense of our emotions)”可知，Raphael Arar 进行的话题是“How we can tea
158、ch computers to make sense of our emotions”。故选 B 项。2.C 细节理解题。根据第 3 本书中的“Madson does a wonderful job providing strategies on how to deal with lifes many challenging situations by drawing from the maxims of improvisational theater”可知，Improve Wisdom:Dont Prepare,Just Show Up 这本书主要教读者如何处理许多来自生活的挑战的。故选 C
159、 项。3.D 细节理解题。根据第 4本书中的“If You Want to Write:A Book About Art,Independence and Spirit by Brenda Ueland”可知，Sebastian Wernicke 推荐了一本由 Brenda Ueland 所写的关于艺术，独立以及精神的书。故选D 项。BOne spring morning many years ago,I had been searching for gold on southeastern Alaskas Kupreanof Island,and as I came out of a for
160、est,I froze in my tracks.No more than 20 paces away was a huge Alaskan timber wolfcaught in one of Trapper Georges traps.Old George had died of a heart attack,so the wolf was lucky I had happened along.Confused and frightened at my approach,the wolf backed away,straining at the trap chain.Then I not
161、iced something else:It was a female,and her teats(乳头)were full of milk.Somewhere there were some hungry pups(狼崽子)waiting for their mother.From her appearance,I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days.That meant her pups were probably still alive,surely no more than a few miles away.But I s
162、uspected that if I tried to release the wolf,she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.So I decided to search for her pups instead.After several moments,I spotted paw marks on a trail.I finally spotted the den(狼窝).Wolf pups are shy and cautious,and I didnt have much hope of luring them
163、outside.But I had to try.So I began imitating the high-pitched squeak of a mother wolf calling her young.No response.A few moments later,after I tried another call,four tiny pups appeared.They couldnt have been more than a few weeks old.I extended my hands,and they tentatively suckled at my fingers.
164、Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear.Then,I took them to their mother.Possibly picking up the smell of her young,the mother wolf let out a high-pitched,sad call.The pups raced to her.Within seconds,they were drinking milk at her belly.The mother wolf was clearly suffering,very weak.
165、I had to find her something to eat.Yet each time I moved in her direction,a growl(怒吼)rumbled in her throat.With her young to protect,she was becoming very cautious.If I could only win her confidence,I thought,it was her only hope.Over the next few days,I divided my time between prospecting and tryin
166、g to win the wolfs trust.I talked gently with her,throwing her some meat.Gradually,I kept edging closer though I was careful to remain beyond the length of her trap chain.At dusk on the fifth day,I delivered her dinner.Suddenly,I saw a slight wagging of her tail.I moved within the length of her chai
167、n.She remained sill.As a towering man,my heart was in my mouth,though.Within her reach,I wrapped my blanket around myself and slowly settled onto the cold ground.It was long before I fell asleep.The next morning,I slowly placed my hand on the wolfs injured leg.Unexpectedly;she made no threatening mo
168、ve.Then I applied pressure,the trap sprang open,and the wolf pulled free.My experience told me the wolf would vanish into the woods quickly.But cautiously,she crept toward me and sniffed my hands and arms.This went against everything Id ever heard about timber wolves.Yet,strangely,it all seemed so n
169、atural.4.How did the author feel when he saw a huge wolf?A.ScaredB.Cold.C.SurprisedD.Confused.5.What happened to the mother wolf?A.Its heart was attacked.B.It was trapped by the chain.C.It was giving birth to pups.D.It was giving milk to its pups.6.What did the author do?A.Tried to release the mothe
170、r wolf.B.Fought against the mother wolf.C.Managed to find the wolf babies.D.Tried to comfort the mother wolf.7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.The mother wolf finally died of injuries.B.The mother wolf starved to death.C.The author had to leave behind the wolves.D.The author won the m
171、other wolfs confidence.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在淘金的过程中偶遇困在陷阱的母狼，以及作者想尽办法救母狼最终获得母狼的信任的故事。4.A 细节理解题。根据第 1 段中的“One spring morning many years ago,I had been searching for gold on southeastern Alaskas Kupreanof Island,and as I came out of a forest,I froze in my tracks”可知，遇到狼的那个时刻作者僵住了。故选 A 项。5.B 细节理解题。根据第 1
172、 段中的“No more than 20 paces away was a huge Alaskan timber wolfcaught in one of Trapper Georges traps”可知，在不到 20 步的距离内，有一只狼被猎人的陷阱困住了。故选 B 项。6.C 细节理解题。根据第 4 段中的“I finally spotted the den(狼窝).Wolf pups are shy and cautious,and I didnt have much hope of luring them outside.But I had to try.So I began imi
173、tating the high-pitched squeak of a mother wolf calling her young.No response.A few moments later,after I tried another call,four tiny pups appeared”可知，作者在找到狼窝后尝试着用母狼的叫声引诱出小狼并且最终成功了。故选 C 项。7.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“My experience told me the wolf would vanish into the woods quickly.But cautiously,she crept
174、toward me and sniffed my hands and arms.This went against everything Id ever heard about timber wolves.Yet,strangely,it all seemed so natural.”可知，作者以为母狼会消失不见。没想到它慢慢的爬向我，闻了闻我的手和手臂。由此可见，作者获得了母狼的信任。故选 D 项。CYouve likely noticed them by now.School buses are back on the street packed with students.Many of
175、 those kids step off the buses with a potential health danger over their shoulder a backpack filled with homework.Backpacks come in all shapes,sizes and colors.It is a fun way for any girl or boy to express their styles.Some are simple,some covered with cartoon characters,many equipped with special
176、compartments for every tool a student needs,like pencils,notebooks and books.Yes,they are practical,but a heavy backpack can injure muscles and joints.Wearing a backpack incorrectly can lead to severe back,neck and shoulder pain,as well as posture problems.When a backpack filled with books is placed
177、 on a boy or girls shoulders incorrectly,the force of the weight can pull the child backward,so the child may bend their hips forward or arch their back.Pay attention to detail when selecting a backpack;choose one that is equipped with a comfortable back,waist and wide shoulder straps.Narrow straps
178、can dig into a childs shoulders and affect circulation and nerves.The heavy load danger is not just for kids 12 and under.Middle and high school are at risk,too.They are carrying heavier books home daily.Luckily,back pain created by backpacks is preventable.Parents should talk to their kids about li
179、ghtening the load.You can even use a bathroom scale.The backpack should not weigh more than 10 percent to 15 percent of your childs weight.If your child weighs 80 pounds,the pack should not weigh more than 8 to 12 pounds.If your child weighs 140 pounds,the pack should not be heavier than 21 pounds.M
180、ost importantly,if your child talks about numbness or weakness in the arms or legs,contact a physician.8.What do students backpacks reflect according to paragraph 2?A.Their hobbies.B.Their styles.C.Their characters.D.Their needs.9.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Students heavy loads.B.Wearing bac
181、kpacks incorrectly.C.Dangers of heavy backpacks.D.Weight of heavy backpacks.10.Which backpack is more suitable for a child weighing 100 pounds?A.With wide shoulder straps weighing about 10 pounds.B.With narrow shoulder straps weighing 16 pounds.C.With wide shoulder straps weighing 20 pounds.D.With n
182、arrow shoulder straps weighing 15 pounds.11.Who are the intended readers of the text?A.Children.B.Doctors.C.Teachers.D.Parents.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生背包的功能，重点介绍了背包过重对学生身体健康的影响以及何种重量的背包对学生是合适的。8.B 细节理解题。根据第 2 段中的“Backpacks come in all shapes,sizes and colors.It is a fun way for any girl or boy to expre
183、ss their styles”可知，背包各式各样。背包可用于表达孩子们的风格。故选 B 项。9.C 主旨大意题。根据第 3 段中的“Yes,they are practical,but a heavy backpack can injure muscles and joints”可知，尽管背包很实用，但过重的背包也会伤到肌肉和关节。故选 C 项。10.A 细节理解题。根据第 3 段中的“Pay attention to detail when selecting a backpack;choose one that is equipped with a comfortable back,wa
184、ist and wide shoulder straps”和最后一段的“The backpack should not weigh more than 10 percent to 15 percent of your childs weight”可知，背包的肩带必需是宽的且重量不能超过孩子体重的10%倒 15%。故选 A 项。11.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Parents should talk to their kids about lightening the load”可知，父母要与孩子们谈论“减负”。故选 D 项。DA city in South Korea,which has
185、the worlds largest number of people using smartphones,has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn“smartphone zombies”to look up and drivers to slow down,in the hope of preventing accidents.The designers of the system were motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glu
186、ed to their phones will become victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury rates among developed countries.State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology(KICT)believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings can warn both pedestria
187、ns and drivers.In addition to red,yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement,“smombies”-smartphone zombies-will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic.“Increasing number of smombie accidents have occurred
188、 in pedestrian crossings,so these zombie lights are essential to prevent these pedestrian accidents,”said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon.Drivers are warned by the flashing lights,which have shown to be effective 83.4 percent of the time in the institutes tests involving about 1,000 vehicles.In
189、 2017,more than 1,600 pedestrians were killed in auto related accidents,which is about 40 percent of total traffic deaths,according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System.For now,the smombie warning system is placed only in Ilsan,a suburban city about 30 km northwest of the capital,Seoul,
190、but is expected to go nationwide,according to the institute.Kim Dan-hee,a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan,welcomed the system,saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to remember to look at traffic.“This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again,and I hope that we can ha
191、ve more of these in town,”she said.12.What do the underlined words“smartphone zombies”in paragraph 1 refer to?A.Drivers driving after drunk.B.Pedestrians buried in their phones.C.Passengers crazy about phones.D.Policemen in charge of traffic.13.What do we know about the warning system?A.It has reduc
192、ed death rate by 83.4%.B.It has been spread nationwide.C.It gives a warning to the smartphones.D.It is being tried out in many places.14.What was the residents attitude to the traffic system?A.Negative.B.Unconcerned.C.Disapproving.D.Favorable.15.What is the best title for the text?A.South Korea Warn
193、s Smartphone Zombies of TrafficB.Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent AccidentsC.Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic AccidentsD.South Korea Uses a New Traffic System【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了一款安装于韩国城市的手机警告系统。警告那些在繁忙交通路段沉迷于手机的行人。以及行人对这个警告系统的看法。12.B 词义猜测题。根据 1 段中的内容：在十字路口安装闪灯以及镭射光束来提醒沉迷于手机的行人抬头看路和司机减速。同时
194、在文章第 2 段中提到“more pedestrians glued to their phones”可知，很多行人沉迷于手机。故选 B 项。13.C 细节理解题。根据第 3 段中的“In addition to red,yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement,“smombies”-smartphone zombies-will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are abo
195、ut to step into traffic”可知，应用程序向手机发送的警告，告诉它们它们即将驶入车流。故选 C 项。故选 C 项。14.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kim Dan-hee,a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan,welcomed the system”可知，Kim Dan-hee 对这个系统表示欢迎。故选 D 项。15.A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，在韩国忙碌的路口安装了一个针对行人使用手机的警告系统。故选 A 项。（5）山东师范大学附属中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期第二次线上检测ACanadians are blessed wit
196、h an abundance of natural wonders with enough lakes,mountains and rivers to explore for a lifetime.Weve also got some of the most shocking waterfalls on Earth.Pissing Mare Falls-Gros Morne National Park,Newfoundland and LabradorPissing Mare Falls may have a funny sounding name but they re no joke:in
197、 fact,they re one of the highest waterfalls in Canada.Located in the beautiful Gros Morne National Park,the falls are only accessible by boat tour.Takakkaw Falls-Yoho National Park,British ColumbiaTakakkaw translated from Cree loosely means the magnificent,and its a suitable word for the second-high
198、est waterfalls in Canada.After a steep drive up a winding road,these falls are only a short hike from the parking lot along a wheelchair accessible path.Niagara Falls-Niagara Falls,OntarioNiagara Falls are the most famous waterfalls in Canada.Actually they are made up of three different fallsthe Hor
199、seshoe Falls,the most powerful in North America,are the only one located on the Canadian side.Melting glaciers（冰川）formed the falls thousands of years ago and the beautiful green color is due to dissolved salt and finely ground（磨）rock.Bridal Veil Falls-Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park,British Columb
200、iaPretty and delicate,the Bridal Veil Falls are located just east of Chilliwack,British Columbia,and really do look like a bride with a beautiful veil（面 纱）,with water gently pouring over smooth rock.An easy 15-minute walk to the falls takes you through rich leaves.Picnic tables are available,and the
201、re are lots of opportunities for viewing wildlife along the way.1.Where are Pissing Mare Falls?A.Near British Columbia.B.In a beautiful small park.C.On the highest mountain in Canada.D.Between Newfoundland and Labrador.2.How did Niagara Falls come into being?A.It remains a mystery.B.It originated fr
202、om several rivers.C.It was formed by the melting glaciers.D.It was made by dissolved salt and finely ground rock.3.What can you do in Bridal Veil Falls?A.Hunting wildlife.B.Having a picnic.C.Collecting salt.D.Buying veils.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了加拿大四个令人震惊的瀑布。1.B 细节理解题。根据 Pissing Mare Falls-Gros Morne Nat
203、ional Park,Newfoundland and Labrador 部分 Located in the beautiful Gros Morne National Park,the falls are only accessible by boat tour.（瀑布位于美丽的格罗斯莫恩国家公园，只有乘船游览才能到达。）可知 Pissing Mare 瀑布在一个美丽的小公园里。故选 B。2.C 细节理解题。根据 Niagara Falls-Niagara Falls,Ontario 部分 Melting glaciers（冰川）formed the falls thousands of y
204、ears ago and the beautiful green color is due to dissolved salt and finely ground（磨）rock.（融化的冰川在几千年前形成了瀑布，美丽的绿色是由于溶解的盐和磨细的岩石。）可知尼亚加拉瀑布是由融化的冰川形成的。故选 C。3.B 细节理解题。根据 Bridal Veil Falls-Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park,British Columbia 部分 Picnic tables are available,and there are lots of opportunities f
205、or viewing wildlife along the way.（野餐桌随处可见，沿途有很多观赏野生动物的机会。）可知在 Bridal Veil 瀑布，你可以野餐。故选 B。BIts hard to say which was in worse shape：the run-down,century-old gallery or the cancer-ridden（患有癌症的）56-year-old man sitting on its old steps.For years,Greg Thomas would sit on those very steps and think of the
206、 times when he walked his dogs along the country roads in rural Minnesota.But in May 2009,he learned that the severe headaches,earaches,and jaw aches that he had suffered from for the past year were due to inoperable head and neck cancer.Doctors told Gregs family to be prepared to plan his funeral.I
207、 was sitting at the gallery and thinking one evening,Greg said.I kept looking at the building and the shape it was in.I said,Before I leave this earth,Id like to do something for you.”Greg decided to fix the peeling paint and the leaking（渗漏的）roof,and the damaged steps and so on.He approached the gal
208、lerys association with a deal：He would completely repair the building on one condition：I get a key to the front door so I can go in anytime I want to appreciate the paintings.The more he worked on the gallery,the better he felt.As Greg continued fixing the gallery,medical scans told him some startli
209、ng news：His tumors were reducing.Four years and 23 days after Gregs diagnosis,his doctors were able to remove his feeding tube.Today Gregs tumors are gone.He is considered officially recovered and no longer needs follow-up tests.After five years of Gregs labor and love,the gallery has been restored（
210、恢复）to its former glory.Greg finished his main project last summer,but he will probably always be involved in recovering its beauty(he still wants to replace some windows,for example).Greg held his third annual open house there near Christmas,inviting the entire community.While I was restoring the ga
211、llery,Greg says,something was restoring me.4.What was Gregs plan that evening?A.To rent the building.B.To repair the gallery.C.To hold an exhibition.D.To study the paintings.5.When Greg was doing his work,he _A.stopped his medical treatmentB.received a large donationC.got his health improvedD.prepar
212、ed his funeral6.What does the underlined word startlingin the fourth paragraph mean?A.Misleading.B.Disappointing.C.Confusing.D.Surprising.7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Work and love pay.B.Seniors need more attention.C.Cancer research progresses quickly.D.Cultural relics lack proper p
213、rotection.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是 Greg 身患癌症，但他勤于工作，致力于修复画廊，他乐观，对生活的充满爱，结果五年后肿瘤消失。4.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中 Greg decided to fix the peeling paint and the leaking（渗漏的）roof,and the damaged steps and so on.“Greg 决定修理剥落的油漆和漏水的屋顶，以及损坏的台阶等等。”由此可知，那天晚上 Greg 修复画廊。故选 B。5.C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句 The more he worked on the gallery
214、,the better he felt.“他在画廊里干得越多，就越觉得舒服。”由此可知，Greg 工作的时候，他的身体得到了改善。故选 C。6.D 词义猜测题。根据第四段中 His tumors were reducing.Four years and 23 days after Gregs diagnosis,his doctors were able to remove his feeding tube.Today Gregs tumors are gone.He is considered officially recovered and no longer needs follow-u
215、p tests.“他的肿瘤在缩小。格雷格被确诊后的 4 年零 23 天，他的医生成功地取出了他的喂食管。今天，格雷格的肿瘤不见了。他被认为已经正式康复，不再需要后续测试。”可知，肿瘤没有了。这是一个“令人惊讶的”消息。由此推知划线词的意思是“令人惊讶的”。故选 D。7.A 标题判断题。根据最后一段中 After five years of Gregs labor and love,the gallery has been restored（恢复）to its former glory.“经过 Greg 五年的辛勤工作和热爱，这个画廊已经恢复了往日的辉煌。”和While I was restor
216、ing the gallery,Greg says,something was restoring me.“当我修复画廊的时候，”Greg 说，“有些东西在修复我。”可知，Greg 虽然身患癌症，但他辛勤工作，致力于修复画廊，结果自己的肿瘤没有了。由此推知，A 项 Work and love pay 为最佳标题。故选 A。C Why is it that you can remember the name of your childhood best friend that you havent seen in years yet easily forget the name of a per
217、son you just met a moment ago？In other words,why are some memories stable over decades,while others disappear within minutes？Caltech researchers carried out their work about memories in the laboratory.The research team developed a test to examine mices neural（神经的）activity as they learn about and rem
218、ember a new place.In the test,a mouse was placed in a straight enclosure(围 场),about 5 feet long with white walls.Unique symbols marked different locations along the walls.Sugar water（a treat for mice）was placed at either end of the track.When a mouse was placed in the track,it was unsure of what to
219、do at first and wandered left and right until it came across the sugar water.In these cases,single neurons were activated when the mouse took notice of a symbol on the wall.Over numerous experiences with the track,the mouse became familiar with it and remembered the locations of the sugar water.As t
220、he mouse became more familiar,more and more neurons were activated when seeing each symbol on the wall.Essentially,the mouse was recognizing where it was with respect to each unique symbol.To study how memories disappear over time,the researchers then kept back the mice from the track for up to 20 d
221、ays.Upon returning to the track after this break,mice that had formed strong memories encoded（编码）by higher numbers of neurons remembered the task quickly.Even though some neurons showed different activity,the mouses memory of the track was clearly identifiable when researchers analyzed the activity
222、of large groups of neurons.This work shows that memories might disappear more rapidly as we age because a memory is encoded by fewer neurons,and if any of these neurons fail,the memory will be lost.The study suggests that one day,designing treatments that could encourage a higher number of neurons t
223、o encode a memory could help prevent memory loss.8.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To introduce the topic of the text.B.To show the examples of bad memory.C.To compare different peoples memories.D.To prove the importance of childhood memories.9.During the research,the mouse _A.lost inte
224、rest in the symbols soonB.had to climb over the long white wallC.would get sugar water as their rewardsD.wandered left and right nervously all the time10.What is special about the mice that remembered the task quickly after the break?A.They had their neurons show different activity.B.They love sugar
225、 water better than other mice.C.They stayed in the track for over 20 days.D.They possessed more activated neurons.11.What does the last paragraph imply?A.Mices memory seems better than humansB.The aging process of humans is unavoidable.C.Memory loss is expected to be cured in the future.D.The study
226、has found the way to prevent neurons from failing.【文章大意】这是一篇科普说明文。文章通过老鼠的试验，来说明记忆的丧失。记忆丧失有望在未来得到治愈。8.A 推理判断题。根据第一段 Why is it that you can remember the name of your childhood best friend that you havent seen in years yet easily forget the name of a person you just met a moment ago？In other words,why
227、are some memories stable over decades,while others disappear within minutes？“为什么你能记住多年未见的儿时好友的名字，却很容易忘记刚刚认识的人的名字?换句话说，为什么有些记忆几十年不变，而有些却在几分钟内就消失了?”由此可知，第一段的目的是为了引出文章的主题。故选 A。9.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Over numerous experiences with the track,the mouse became familiar with it and remembered the locations of the
228、 sugar water.“在无数次使用这条轨迹的经历中，老鼠逐渐熟悉了它，并记住了糖水的位置。”由此可知，在研究过程中，老鼠会得到糖水作为奖励。故选 C。10.D推理判断题。根据第四段中Upon returning to the track after this break,mice that had formed strong memories encoded（编码）by higher numbers of neurons remembered the task quickly.“在这一休息之后回到轨道上时，那些已经形成了由更多的神经元编码的强大记忆的老鼠很快就记住了这个任务。”由此可知，
229、休息后很快记住任务的老鼠的特殊之处是“他们拥有更多被激活的神经元。”故选 D。11.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 This work shows that memories might disappear more rapidly as we age because a memory is encoded by fewer neurons,and if any of these neurons fail,the memory will be lost.The study suggests that one day,designing treatments that could encoura
230、ge a higher number of neurons to encode a memory could help prevent memory loss.“这项研究表明，随着我们年龄的增长，记忆可能会消失得更快，因为记忆是由更少的神经元编码的，如果这些神经元中的任何一个消失了，记忆就会消失。这项研究表明，有朝一日，设计出一种能够促使更多神经元编码记忆的治疗方法，可能有助于防止记忆丧失。”由此可知，最后一段暗示我们“记忆丧失有望在未来得到治愈。”故选 C。DStories play a vital role in the growth and development of children
231、.The books they read and the characters they get to know can become like friends.Its also good for children to understand that books are a useful source of information and that good reading skills are important for success in their future lives.Children who can read well are more likely to have high
232、er confidence levels.This will benefit them in school as theyll feel able to participate fully in activities.Another part of building confidence is to know where you fit into the world.Stories can help with this process by showing children what peoples lives are like where they live and in other par
233、ts of the world.Stories are a great way to introduce new words and ideas into a childs language-starting with picture books for the very young,working up to more complex novels for teenagers.Fiction based on real life can also help children with their own life experience-it shows them how diverse th
234、e world is and that some peoples lives are vastly different from theirs.And the process is done in a natural way.Theres no actual teaching involved at all,but they learn from simply reading the story.Reading helps children understand that there are other children who feel the same way and they are n
235、ot alone.This helps children understand that feelings are normal and should be expressed.Watching their responses to the feelings of the characters in the stories will give you some idea of how a child feels about certain situations and emotions.For example,how the child responds to the character in
236、 the story feeling sad or scared will give you some idea of how the child thinks.As you can see,childrens stories are important for a number of reasons and form a vital part of the growing process.Being part of that process can bring children a sense of satisfaction as well as being great fun.So,go
237、and get your children some wonderful books to allow them to enjoy a relaxing bedtime story.12.What can we know from Paragraph 1?A.Reading stories benefits children a lot.B.Reading is the best way to gain information.C.Reading stories helps children make more friends.D.Reading skills should be develo
238、ped at a young age.13.How could reading stories raise childrens confidence?A.Inspiring children to get good grades.B.Supporting childrens language development.C.Aiding children with living in a better family environment.D.Allowing children to explore their suitable positions in society.14.What does
239、the author think about learning through reading?A.Unrealistic.B.Effective.C.Time-savingD.Expensive.15.What can be inferred from the text?A.Most teenagers are fond of complex novels.B.Picture books are lacking in real life situations.C.Most children have difficulty in expressing themselves.D.Parents
240、can know kids better from kids reading responses.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了故事对儿童的成长和发展起着至关重要的作用。12.A 细节理解题。根据第一段 The books they read and the characters they get to know can become like friends.Its also good for children to understand that books are a useful source of information and that good reading skil
241、ls are important for success in their future lives.（他们可以和读的书和认识的人物成为朋友。让孩子们明白书籍是有用的信息来源，良好的阅读技巧对他们未来的成功也很重要，这对他们也有好处。）由此可知，A 选项“阅读故事对孩子们很有好处”这个表述正确，故选 A。13.D 细节理解题。根据第二段 Another part of building confidence is to know where you fit into the world.Stories can help with this process by showing children
242、 what peoples lives are like where they live and in other parts of the world.（建立自信的另一个方法是了解自己在这个世界上的位置。故事通过向孩子们展示他们居住的地方和世界的其他地方的人们的生活是什么样的，帮助这个进程。）由此可知，通过阅读故事，让孩子们探索自己在社会中的合适位置，来提高孩子的自信心。故选 D。14.B 推理判断题。根据第三段 And the process is done in a natural way.Theres no actual teaching involved at all,but the
243、y learn from simply reading the story.（这个过程是用自然的方式完成的。没有实际的教学涉及，但他们只是通过阅读故事来学习。）由此推断出，作者认为通过阅读学习非常有效。故选 B。15.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Watching their responses to the feelings of the characters in the stories will give you some idea of how a child feels about certain situations and emotions.（观察他们对故事中人物情感的反应会让
244、你了解孩子对某些情况和情感的感受。）由此推断出，父母可以从孩子的阅读反应中更好地了解孩子。故选 D。（6）江西省高安中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期中考试AWhat are you waiting for?A new series of movies shown this year cant be missed.Have you enjoyed them already?Frozen IIFrozen was the highest grossing(票房)animated film ever.In Frozen II Elsa,Anna,Olaf and Krist left of
245、f Arendelle to seek the source of Elsas icy magic.Although the millions of children who loved the first film are older now,they might give it a reception.Last ChristmasA festive romantic comedy,Emilia Clarke stars in Last Christmas as Bridget Jonesy,a shop assistant,whose life in London is a mess,an
246、d Henry Golding as the eligible bachelor(黄金单身汉)who tidies it up.The films director,Paul Feig,and co-writer,Emma Thompson,promise that the film is worth expecting.A Beautiful Day in the NeighborhoodTom Hanks stars in A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood as the only American celebrity(名人)more famous th
247、an he is.As the host of Mister Rogers Neighborhood for more than 30 years,Fred Rogers is a legend of pre-school childrens television,which appeals to a large audience.Charlies AngelsHollywood action movies starring women are rare.But have you seen a movie starred,written and directed by women,too?Ch
248、arlies Angels is one of the first.A reboot(翻拍)of the 1970s TV series,not to mention the two films from 2000 and 2003,the new version is directed by Elizabeth Banks.She also plays Bosley,one of the female detectives who are employed by Charles Townsend to go on global adventures.1.Which movie became
249、the most popular cartoon film this year?A.Frozen II.B.Last Christmas.C.A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D.Charlies Angels.2.Which character works on a TV station?A.Krist.B.Emilia Clarke.C.Fred Rogers.D.Bosley.3.Which action movie was directed and starred by a woman?A.Frozen II.B.Last Christmas.C.
250、A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D.Charlies Angels.【文章大意】本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了今年上映的四部新电影。1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段 Frozen II 中的“Frozen was the highest grossing(票房)animated film ever.Although the millions of children who loved the first film are older now,they might give it a reception.”Frozen 是有史以来票房最高的动画片。尽管数百万喜
251、爱第一部电影的孩子现在都长大了，但他们可能会给予好评。由此可知 Frozen II 电影成为最受欢迎的卡通电影，故选 A。2.C 推理判断题。根据 A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood 中的“As the host of Mister Rogers Neighborhood for more than 30 years,Fred Rogers is a legend of pre-school childrens television,which appeals to a large audience.”作为社区 30 多年的主持人，Fred Rogers 是
252、学前儿童电视的传奇，吸引了大量观众。由此可推断出 Fred Rogers在电视台工作。故选 C。3.D 细节理解题。根据 Charlies Angels 中的最后一段中的“But have you seen a movie starred,written and directed by women,too?Charlies Angels is one of the first.”但你看过一部由女性主演、编剧和导演的电影吗？Charlies Angels 就是其中之一。由此可推断出，Charlies Angels 是由女性导演、主演的。故选 D。BSports can help you keep
253、 fit and get in touch with nature.However,whether you are on the mountains,in the waves,or on the grassland,you should be aware that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry.Golf,as you may know,eats up not only large areas of countryside,but
254、 also tons of water.Besides,all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(高尔夫球场)ingood condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example,in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain,golf is often held responsible for serious water shortages in some local area
255、s.In fact,there are many environment friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You dont need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes;and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.Simple and free,power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk can
256、 regularly,it will be good for your heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious,sleep well and control your weight better.Whatever sport you take up,you can make it greener by using environment friendly equipment and buying products made from rec
257、ycled materials.But the final goal should be green gyms.They are better replacements(代替物)for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers.Members of green gyms play sports outdoors,in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best
258、 of all,its free.4.What do we know about golf from the passage?A.It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B.It needs water and energy to keep its courses greenC.It pollutes the earth with chemicals and waste.D.It causes water shortages around the world.5.The author uses power walking as example mainly be
259、cause.A.it uses fewer resourcesB.it improves our healthC.it is an outdoor sportD.it is recommended by experts6.Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?A.Playing basketball in a gym.B.Motor racing in the desert.C.Cycling around a lake.D.Swimming in a sports center.7.Whats the p
260、urpose of the author writing the passage?A.To show us the function of major sports.B.To encourage us to go in for green sports.C.To discuss the major influence of popular sports.D.To introduce different types of environment friendly spors.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。高尔夫运动耗费资源，而 power walking(快走)既能使人们得到有效锻炼也能节约资源。
261、作者在本篇文章中告诉我们要绿色运动。4.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Golf,as you may know,eats up not only large areas of countryside,but also tons of water.Besides,all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(高尔夫球场)in good condition”可知，如你所知，高尔夫不仅占据了大片农村地区，还消耗了大量的水。此外，各种各样的化学物质和大量的能源被用来维持高尔夫球场的状况
262、。所以高尔夫运动需要水和能源来保持它的高尔夫球场的绿色。故选 B。5.A 推理判断判断。根据第三段中的“In fact,there are many environment friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You dont need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes;and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse.”可知，事实上，有许多环保运动。快
263、走是你今天可以接受的其中之一。除了一双好鞋，你不需要任何特殊设备；你不必担心资源和钱包。由此判断出作者举“快走”这一例子的原因是它是一项耗费资源很少的运动。故选 A。6.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Whatever sport you take up,you can make it greener by using environment friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials”可知，无论你从事什么运动，你都可以通过使用环保设备和购买由回收材料制成的产品来让它变得更加环保。所以作者主张绿色运动
264、；结合第三段中的“You dont need any special equipment except a pair of good shoes;and you dont have to worry about resources and your purse”可知，你不需要任何特殊设备；你不必担心资源和钱包。所以 C 项“环湖骑自行车”耗费能源最少，属于绿色运动，故判断出作者最有可能支持的是 C 选项。故选 C。7.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中简述了一些资源耗费较多的运动和高尔夫，也列举了一些不怎么耗费资源的运动如 power walking,通过对比来介绍绿色运动的好处并鼓励我们参与
265、到绿色运动中来，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们从事绿色运动。故选 B。C“Birds”and“airports”are two words that,paired together，dont normally paint the most harmonious picture.So it really raises some eyebrows when China announces plans to build an airport that is for birds.Described as the worlds first-ever bird airport,the proposed
266、 Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区）in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is,of course,not an actual airport.Rather，its a wetland preserve specifically designed to accommodate hundreds-even thousands-of daily takeoffs and landings by birds traveling along the East Asian-Australian Flyway.Over 50 species o
267、f migratory(迁徙的）water birds，some endangered,will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway.Located on a former landfill site，the 150-acre airport is also open to human travelers.(Half a million visitors are expected annually.)However，instead of du
268、ty-free shopping，the main attraction for non-egg-laying creatures at Tianjins newest airport will be a green-roofed education and research center,a series of raised“observation platforms”and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles.“The proposed Bird Airport will be a glob
269、ally significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species,while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin.”Adrian McGregor of an Australian landscape architecture firm explained of the design.Frequently blanketed in smog so thick that it has shut down real airports,Tianjin is a city-C
270、hinas fourth most populous-that would certainly benefit from a new pair of healthy green lungs8.The underlined phrase“non-egg-laying creatures”in Paragraph 3 refers to?A.Visitors.B.Designers.C.Endangered water birds.D.Planes.9.What do we know about the airport according to the passage?A.People canno
271、t watch birds up close here.B.It is located on a 150-acre landfill site.C.It functions as an actual airport and a wetland preserve.D.It provides migratory birds with food and shelter.10.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The airport will become a permanent home for birds.B.Tianjin will win
272、worldwide fame in the future.C.Tianjins air quality will improve thanks to the airport.D.Tianjin will be able to accommodate more people.11.What is this passage mainly about?A.Airports shut down and open up.B.China is to open the first Bird Airport.C.Airports turn into green lungs.D.Birds are no lon
273、ger enemies to airports.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国将在天津建立鸟儿机场保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和其重大意义。8.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“instead of duty-free shopping”及画线词后的“a green-roofed education and research center,a series of raised“observation platforms”and a network of scenic walking and cycling paths totaling over 4 miles.”可知，天津鸟儿机
274、场保护区对游客的主要吸引力将是一个绿色屋顶的教育和研究中心，观赏台以及一个总长超过 4 英里的风景优美的步行道和自行车道网络，而不是免税购物，由此可知画线词词义为“游客”，故 A 项正确。9.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Over 50 species of migratory(迁徙的）water birds，some endangered,will stop and feed at the protected sanctuary before continuing their long journey along the flyway.”可知，迁徙的候鸟可以在机场保护区停留和吃东西，然后继
275、续飞行，也就是机场保护区可以为候鸟提供食物和住所，故 D 项正确。10.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The proposed Bird Airport will be a globally significant sanctuary for endangered migratory bird species,while providing new green lungs for the city of Tianjin.”及“Tianjin is a city-Chinas fourth most populous-that would certainly benefit from a n
276、ew pair of healthy green lungs”可知，天津的空气质量和环境会因为这个鸟儿机场保护区得到很大的改善，故 C 项正确。11.B 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“Described as the worlds first-ever bird airport,the proposed Lingang Bird Sanctuary(保护区）in the northern coastal city of Tianjin is,of course,not an actual airport.”可知，本文主要介绍了中国将在天津建立鸟儿机场保护区的计划以及具体规划内容和
277、其重大意义，故 B 项正确。CIf youre reading this,its safe to assume you arrived by internet.Maybe you caught the headline as it raced by on Twitter.Or you might be taking a break from watching a boring movie on Netflix.It doesnt matter.Because according to a new study,it all adds up to the same thing:one distra
278、ction（分心的事情）after another.And the thing is,theyre welcome distractions.Because,as the research published this week in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology notes,people will do just about anything to avoid being left to their own thoughts.For their study,researchers designed a sample test
279、 for more than 2,557 participants in 11 countries.They divided their test subjects into two groups.In the first group,people were asked to spend 10 to 15 minutes“entertaining themselves with their thoughts as best they could.”Just sit back and think about things.Sounds good,doesnt it?Well,not really
280、.The second group the one where people were told to surf the Net,play a video game,or even read a book reported having much more fun.They scored more highly on entertainment and lower on boredom.And the preference for distraction seemed to be a global phenomenon,which may come as a surprise to Itali
281、ans who are famously brilliant at doing nothing.“The preference for doing external（外部的）activities such as reading,watching TV,or surfing the internet rather than just thinking appears to be strong throughout the world,”the researchers note in the study.But there does seem to be an important thing th
282、at hasnt been included in the study.Shouldnt the quality of thoughts matter?If youve got something positive to think about say,how youre going to spend your vacation or the great screenplay youve already half-written in your head why are you reading this?On the other hand,if you are always bothered
283、by negative thoughts a sad or painful experience,perhaps by all means,keep scrolling（翻网页）.Unfortunately,we wont be able to take up much of your time here;its a short study that gets to the point in a hurry.Dont worry though.Theres a whole world of distractions out there.Say,have you seen that ship t
284、eetering at the brink of Niagara Falls?And how about those charming cows?Bet you didnt know they could smell you from six miles away.And thats something to think about.12.Why would the Italians be surprised at the phenomenon?A.They prefer reading books to surfing the Net.B.Theyre convinced that thin
285、king is significant.C.They are used to being left to their own thoughts.D.They seldom entertain themselves by surfing the Net.13.How was the study conducted?A.By reference research.B.By comparative study.C.By theoretical analysis.D.By experimental study.14.What seems to have been ignored in the stud
286、y?A.The quality of thoughts.B.The cause of the phenomenon.C.The solution to the problem.D.The kinds of distractions.15.Whats the tone of the passage?A.Worried.B.Disappointed.C.Serious.D.Humorous.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。个性与社会心理学杂志上指出人们会做任何事情来避免被自己的想法左右。研究指出世界各地的人似乎都更喜欢阅读、看电视或上网等外部活动，而不是只是思考。但研究中似乎有一个重要的遗漏，即思想的
287、质量是否重要。12.C 细节理解题。根据第六段“the preference for distraction seemed to be a global phenomenon,which may come as a surprise to Italians who are famously brilliant at doing nothing.”可知，喜欢分散注意力似乎是一种全球现象，这可能会让以什么都不做而著称的意大利人感到惊讶；根据第四段“as the research published this week in the Journal of Personality and Social
288、 Psychology notes,people will do just about anything to avoid being left to their own thoughts.”可知，正如本周发表在个性与社会心理学杂志上的研究指出的那样，人们会做任何事情来避免被自己的想法左右。由以上内容可以看出，意大利人什么都不做是让自己被自己的想法左右。因此，意大利人对人们的做法感到吃惊是因为意大利人习惯于被自己的想法左右。故选 C。13.B 推理判断题。根据第五段“For their study,researchers designed a sample test for more than
289、 2,557 participants in 11 countries.They divided their test subjects into two groups.”可知，在他们的研究中，研究人员设计了一个样本测试，共有来自 11 个国家的 2557 名参与者参加。他们把实验对象分成两组。由此可以看出，研究结果是通过比较两个小组的表现得出的，因此判断出研究是通过对比进行的。故选 B。14.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“But there does seem to be an important thing that hasnt been included in the study.Sh
290、ouldnt the quality of thoughts matter?”可知，但研究中似乎有一个重要的遗漏。难道思想的质量不重要吗？因此研究中忽略的是思想的质量。故选 A。15.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theres a whole world of distractions out there.Say,have you seen that ship teetering at the brink of Niagara Falls?And how about those charming cows?Bet you didnt didnt know they could smell y
291、ou from six miles away.”可知，外面有很多让人分心的东西。喂，你看见那艘船在尼亚加拉瀑布边摇摇欲坠吗?那些可爱的奶牛呢?我打赌你不知道他们在六英里外就能闻到你的气味。这种方式很幽默（humorous），所以判断出文章的基调是幽默的。故选 D。（7）江苏省昆山市 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期中教学质量调研测试AStudent Activities AssistantBluegrass Community and Technical College$10 an hourDuties:This position will support the Student Acti
292、vities Coordinator.The Student Activities office serves as co-advisor and promotes student life at the college.Make Student Photo IDs and do general office work.Working Days:MondayThursdayWorking Hours:9:30 AM2:30 PMQualifications:High school diploma and one year of related work experience.Fun,depen
293、dable,and excellent customer service.Weekend English TeacherMosher Tech$30 an hourDuties:Teach English to young learners between 5-12 years of age through our platform.Teachers will be teaching classrooms with up to 4 students.Each in-lesson time is 30 minutes.Training and support provided.Working H
294、ours:20 hours a weekQualifications:English teaching certificates.Prior teaching experience.A computer with stable internet connection and clear audio/video capacity.Reading/Math TutorButler Community College$22.25 an hourDuties:The Reading/Math Tutor will be responsible for reading aloud and listeni
295、ng to students read in a group.They will tutor students by assisting with academic assignments for reading or math and perform simple duties assigned by the classroom teacher.Qualifications:Strong attention to details and problem solving skills.Ability to establish and maintain productive work relat
296、ionships with staff and students.Registrar AssistantThe University of Chicago$15.25 an hourDuties:This individual will work from December to March at approximately 20 hours per week.In peak periods,more hours may be available,and the assistant may be asked to work evening hours if needed.The assista
297、nt will create various reports on examinations,assist in exam administration and print course evaluations to help assure the department runs smoothly and efficiently during this period.Qualifications:High level of accuracy with repeated tasks.Ability to work independently as needed.Minimum of 2 year
298、s of previous office experience required.1.As a Registrar Assistant,you need to _.A.deal with general office workB.write a variety of exam reportsC.give instructions on course evaluationsD.work 20 hours a week for a whole year2.Which job doesnt require previous working experience?A.Student Activitie
299、s AssistantB.Weekend English TeacherC.Reading/Math TutorD.Registrar Assistant3.We can probably read this passage from _.A.a textbookB.a school websiteC.a travel guideD.a science magazine【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个学校的招聘工作，并提供了工作时间，职责，薪酬及要求。1.B 细节理解题。根据 Registrar Assistant 部分的 The assistant will create vari
300、ous reports on examinations,可知，作为注册助理你需要写各种各样的考试报告。故选 B。2.C 细节理解题。根据第一则信息的 High school diploma and one year of related work experience；第二则信息的 Prior teaching experience.及第四则信息的 Minimum of 2 years of previous office experience required.可知，只有 Reading/Math Tutor 没有要求工作经验。故选 C。3.B 推理判断题。根据这四则招聘信息提供的地址（Bl
301、uegrass Community and Technical College；Mosher Tech；Butler Community College 和 The University of Chicago）结合选项可知，本文来自于学校的网站。故选 B。BIn real life.Max Levy is a happy 5-year-old boy who battles hemophilia(血友病）。However,in the pages of Marvel Comics,he is“Iron Max,fighting crime and helping others.Both of
302、the are superheroes.Since he was a baby hes been told what he cant do and now its kind of delighted to see what he can do,and he can be anything-he can be a superhero,his father,Dan levy,told NBC News.Thats just the coolest thing.Maxs transformation to Iron Max began when he was 3 years old and had
303、to go to the hospital to have a metal disk put into his chest to facilitate his hemophilia.His father told him he was just like Iron Man,who had the same thing in his chest that gives him new abilities to go along with the ones from his special armored suit.Dan Levy then used the hashtag(标签）ironmax
304、on the social media to update family and friends on his condition after the operation.A charitable act by Maxs sister Zoe,8,who was selling calendars with pictures of Max to support kids with hemophilia being treated at Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia,soon came to the attention of Marvel.The crea
305、tors of Iron Man then decided officially to make Max a superhero by putting him in one of their comics right alongside Iron Man himself.Im not a crier,Im not-it was really the first time,I just came into the room,and I just cried,his father told NBC News.Its been a year and a half honestly not great
306、,this kid should gain a win.”In the Marvel comic,Iron Mans friend,Tony Stark,meets Mar during a visit to a childrens hospital and creates a special armored suit just for him.The two then prepare to fight against Doctor Doom.I think its pretty cool being in a comic book,Max told NBC News.Like its rea
307、lly cool.Im making other children not scared because theres a kid whos a superhero and they would like to be that I guess.By putting Iron Max in a well-known comic,the hope is also that it brings more attention to other kids with hemophilia,a disorder that prevents blood from clotting(凝结结块）properly.
308、“This can help other kids with hemophilia and people with other diseases or just to raise awareness and money,Levy said,I really honestly think this is just the beginning of something amazing for him.4.What does the underlined word facilitate in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Transform.B.Improve.C.Watch.D.Start
309、.5.What made Max known and become a hero of Marvel Comics?A.His experience which was just needed.B.His name which is similar to Iron Man.C.His spirit of fighting against the disease.D.Zoes selling calendars made by herself.6.We can learn from the fourth paragraph that_.A.Max Levy has experienced a d
310、ifficult timeB.Max Levy fought with Iron Mans friend,Tony StarkC.Dan Levy didnt want his son to know his sad feelingD.Dan Levy has been in the childrens hospital for three years7.For Max,Iron Max put into Marvel Comies could_.A.praise his courage during treatmentB.encourage kids with hemophilia to b
311、e strongC.bring attention to adults with hemophiliaD.raise awareness and money for homeless kids【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述了一个 5 岁孩子 Max 得了血友病，通过她姐姐的一个善举，受到了钢铁侠作者 Marvel 的关注，他将 Max 变成了钢铁 Max 在他的漫画里与钢铁侠并肩作战，以让 Max 坚强战胜疾病。同时 Max 也鼓励他的小病友们不要害怕疾病。4.B 词义猜测题。根据文章第 2 段“Maxs transformation to Iron Max began when he w
312、as 3 years old and had to go to the hospital to have a metal disk put into his chest to facilitate his hemophilia.Max 变成钢铁 Max 是在他三岁时不得不去医院在他的胸腔里装一个金属盘以改善他的血友病。”可知，安装金属盘的目的是为了改善他的血友病，此处的 facilitate 隐含“改善”之意。故 B 选项切题。5.D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A charitable act by Maxs sister Zoe,8,who was selling calendars wi
313、th pictures of Max to support kids with hemophilia being treated at Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia,soon came to the attention of Marvel.The creators of Iron Man then decided officially to make Max a superhero by putting him in one of their comics right alongside Iron Man himself.Max 姐姐 Zoe 的一个善举
314、即她把 Max 的图片做成日历进行售卖，所得钱用来支持在儿童医院中的血友病的孩子，她的行为吸引了 Marvel 的注意。Marvel 作为钢铁侠的作者决定在他的动漫中，把 Max 变成超级英雄与钢铁侠一起作战。”可知，Max 变成一个英雄角色起源于他姐姐售卖有他照片的日历的这一善举。故 D 选项切题。6.A 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Im not a crier,Im not-it was really the first time,I just came into the room,and I just cried,his father told NBC News.Its been a y
315、ear and a half honestly not great,this kid should gain a win.他的父亲对 NBC 媒体称：他并不是一个爱哭的人，但是这是第一次他哭了。已经一年半的时间，Max 需要赢得胜利。”通过他父亲的描述可知 Max 的身体状况并不乐观，正在经历一个艰难时期。故 A 选项切题。7.B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Max told NBC News.Like its really cool.Im making other children not scared because theres a kid whos a superhero and t
316、hey would like to be that I guess.Max 告诉 NBC 新闻，这很酷，我变成了超级英雄，这会让其他有血友病的孩子不会再感到害怕”。可知，对于 Max 来说，他成为钢铁 Max会鼓励其他有血友病的孩子坚强。故 B 选项切题。C The problem of robocalls(自动语言电话）has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will
317、be scams(欺诈).We are finally waking up to the seriousness of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,Its too little,too late.By the time these solutions become widely available,scammers will have mov
318、ed into cleverer means.In the near future,its not just going to be number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice processing and automation technologies that are about
319、 to become widely available for anyone to use.At this years I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a persuasive human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without being found.These developments are likely to make our c
320、urrent problems with robocalls much worse.The reason why robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than accurateness.A decade of data violation of personal information has led to a solution where scammers can easily learn your mothers name,and far more.Armed with this knowledge,theyre able
321、 to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means,for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers,tricking you into confirming your address,mothers name,and card number.S
322、cammers follow money,so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice processing technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone consumers
323、need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications-using apps like FaceTime
324、 or WhatsApp,which can be lied to your identity.Reliability is hard to earn but easy to lose,and the problem is only going harder from now on.8.How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.9.Taking advantage of the new te
325、chnologies,scammers can_?A.aim at victims accuratelyB.damage databases easilyC.start campaigns rapidlyD.spread information widely10.What does the passage want to say_?A.Honesty is the best quality.B.Technologies can be double-edged.C.There are more solutions than problems.D.Reliability holds the key
326、 to development.11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB.Who is to Blame for the Problem of RobocallsC.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出
327、现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。8.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,its too little,too late.By the time these“solution
328、s”(解决方案)become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故选 D 项。9.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reason that rob calls are a headache has less to do with am
329、ount than precision.A decade of data breaches(数据侵入)of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name,and far more.Armed with this knowledge,theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means,for example,that a scammer co
330、uld call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers,tricking you into“confirming”your address,mothers name,and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗
331、人们。由此可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故选 A 项。10.B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 At this years I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声
332、音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。因此这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故选 B 项。11.C 主旨大意题。第一段提到：rob calls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段
333、提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故选 C 项。DThere will be days when you do not have much to do.Perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department or a different company to respond to a request.As the clock ticks past 5 pm,there may be no purpose in s
334、taying at your desk.But you can see you hard at work and,more important.they can see you.So you make an effort to look busy.Some of this may he a self-perpetuating(白生自存）cycle.If bosses do not like to go home before their workers,and workers fear leaving before their bosses,everyone is trapped.Staff
335、may feel that they will not get a pay rise,or a promotion,if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort.This is easily confused with long hours.Managers,who are often no good at judging employees performance,use time in the office as an alternative.The consequence is often wasted effort.Rathe
336、r than work hard,you work hard to make bosses think that you are.Leaving a jacket on your office chair,walking around purposefully with a notebook or clipboard and sending out emails at odd hours are three of the best-known tricks.After a while this can result in collective self-cheat that this pret
337、ence is actual work.But presenteeism(出勤）has more serious consequences.As well as reducing productivity,this can increase medical expenses for the employer.According to a study,these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers.To take one example,research p
338、ublished in the British Medical Journal found that Japanese employees with lower-back pain were three times more likely to turn up for work than in Britain.As a result,those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression.What could be more upset than being in pain
339、while feeling trapped at work?None of this is to say that employers havent the right to expect workers to be in the office for an acceptable proportion of time.Unavoidably there will be a need for some(preferably short)meetings.Dealing with colleagues face-to-face creates a feeling of trust and frie
340、ndship,allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their needs.But modern machinery like smartphones and laptops is portable.It can be used as easily at home as in the office.Turing an office into a prison,with prisoners allowed home for the evenings,does noth
341、ing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated.To be productive you need presence of mind,not being present in the flesh.12.Why do employees still stay at their desk after work?A.To keep their bosses company.B.To get more overtime allowance.C.To
342、 put extra efforts into their work.D.To give their bosses a good impression.13.One of the consequences of presenteeism is that_?A.employers will pay workers higher wagesB.workers will suffer physically and mentallyC.workers will perform their job more efficientlyD.the effort put in by workers will f
343、inally pay off14.Working in the office for some time can help_?A.build better social bondsB.bring bosses more profitsC.organize a meeting efficientlyD.satisfy workers material needs15.What would the author probably agree with?A.Presenteeism cant help develop creativity.B.Absence from work reduces pr
344、oductivity.C.Presence at work will be more joyful.D.Technology makes life puzzling.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章阐述了公司员工下班后被迫加班的原因，以及被迫加班的不良结果。12.D 推理判断题。根据第 1 段 As the clock ticks past 5 pm,there may be no purpose in staying at your desk.But you can see you hard at work and,more important,they can see you.So you
345、 make an effort to look busy 可知，下班后你不回去，努力让自己忙起来。不止是忙给自己看的，更重要的是忙给他们看。根据下文，“他们”指的就是“老板”。同时根据第 2 段 Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise,or a promotion,if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort 可知，员工得不到提薪和升职，如果他们没有被老板看到尽最大的努力的话。综合分析可推知，下班后员工继续加班是为给老板留下好印象的。故选 D 项。13.B 细节理解题。文章第
346、3 段和第 4 段提到的结果包括了：wasted effort（浪费精力）；collective self-cheat（集体自我欺骗）；reducing productivity,（减少效率）；increase medical expenses（增加员工医疗成本）；同时根据第 4 段 As a result,those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression.What could be more upset than being in pain while feeling
347、 trapped at work 可知，员工更有可能经历更大的痛苦，并患上抑郁症。综合分析，故选 B 项。14.A 细节理解题。根据第 5 段 Dealing with colleagues face-to-face creates a feeling of trust and friendship,allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their needs 可知，在办公司面对面办公有诸多好处，包括会产生一种信任和友谊的感觉，有利于有益的思想交流，也能让员工更好地
348、了解自己的需求，建立更好的社会联系。故选 A 项。15.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Turing an office into a prison,with prisoners allowed home for the evenings,does nothing for the creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated.To be productive you need presence of mind,not being present in the fl
349、esh 可知，作者认为：把办公室当作监狱，把员工当作犯人。对创造性毫无帮助。故选 A 项。（8）四川省绵阳南山中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期中考试AI have been worrying for weeks now about what to give my mother for Mothers Day.For most people,this is a modest problem,solved by the purchase of a bathrobe or a box of candy.For me,however,Mothers Day represents an ann
350、ual challenge to do the impossible-find a gift that will make neither Mama nor me feel terrible.Expensive giftswhich Mama defines as costing over$1.98are out,because they make Mama feel terrible.(“This is awful,she says,examining an apron（围裙）.I feel just terrible.You shouldnt have spent the money on
351、 me）Inexpensive presents-under$1.98-please Mama,but they make me fell terrible.There is always the danger that a gift given to Mama will bounce swiftly back to the giver.If I give her a plant,she cuts off the top for me to take home.If I give her something edible(可使用的），she wants me to stay for lunch
352、 and eat it.Papa,a sensible man,long ago stopped trying to shop for Mama.Instead,on Mothers Day,her birthday,and other appropriate occasions,he writes a short epic poem in which he tells of their meeting,courtship,and marriage.After nearly 30 years of poems,Papa sometimes worries that the edge of hi
353、s poetic inspiration has dulled,but Mama doesnt complain.She comes into the room while he is struggling over a gift poem and says,It doesnt have to rhyme（押韵）as long as its from the heart.This year,finally,I think I,too,have found a painless gift for Mama.I am going to give her a magazine article,unr
354、hymed but from the heart,in which I wish her“Happy Mothers Day and tell her theres nothing Papa or I could ever buy,find,or make her that would be half good enough anyway.1.The author considers finding a Mothers Day gift a yearly problem because_.A.it is impossible to find a giftB.it represents a mo
355、dest problemC.it is hard to make both sides happyD.it has to be a bathrobe or a box of candy2.What does the authors mom feel about gifts over$1.98?A.They are out.B.They are awful.C.They cost too much.D.They are from the heart.3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A.The authors mom is picky.B.Givin
356、g gifts can be dangerous.C.Picking gifts might be terrible.D.The authors mom will share the gift.4.What does the authors Dad do for his mom on various occasions?A.He composes a poem.B.He writes a love letter.C.He struggles over a gift.D.He stops to shop for her.5.What is the best title for this pass
357、age?A.A Loving DaughterB.A Special Mothers Day GiftC.How to Pick a Gift for MomsD.What to Do on Mothers Day【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者给母亲挑选的礼物如果太贵，会让母亲觉得糟糕，但是便宜的礼物又让作者觉得糟糕，于是作者从他父亲一直送给母亲的短诗中得到启发，今年送母亲一份杂志作为礼物。1.C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“For me,however,Mothers Day represents an annual challenge to do the impossibl
358、e-find a gift that will make neither Mama nor me feel terrible.”可知，但是，对于我来说，母亲节代表的是一种年度不可能完成的挑战，即找到一种将不会让妈妈也不会让我觉得糟糕的礼物。由此可见，作者觉得母亲节礼物是一个问题，是因为这个礼物要让妈妈和我都不觉得是糟糕的，这个很难完成。结合选项可知，选项 C 正确。2.C 细节理解题。由第二段第一句“Expensive giftswhich Mama defines as costing over$1.98are out,because they make Mama feel terrible
359、.”可知，妈妈把花费超过 1.98 美金的礼物定义为昂贵礼物，这种礼物是要排除的，因为他们会让妈妈感到糟糕。由此可见，妈妈觉得花费超过 1.98 美金的礼物是昂贵的。结合选项可知，选项 C 正确。3.D 推理判断题。由第二段最后两句“If I give her a plant,she cuts off the top for me to take home.If I give her something edible(可使用的），she wants me to stay for lunch and eat it.”可知，如果我给她一个植物，她会切断顶部让我带回家。如果我给她一些可使用的，她想我
360、留下来吃午餐并且吃了它。由此可见，母亲和作者分享送来的礼物。结合选项可知，选项 D 正确。4.A 细节理解题。由第三段第二句“Instead,on Mothers Day,her birthday,and other appropriate occasions,he writes a short epic poem in which he tells of their meeting,courtship,and marriage.”可知，相反地，在母亲节，她的生日，以及其他合适的场合，他会写一首短的叙事诗，在诗中，他描述他们的相遇，求婚和结婚。由此可见，在不同的节日，爸爸都会为妈妈写一首短诗。
361、结合选项可知，选项 A 正确。5.B 主旨大意题。由全文内容可知，第一段最后一句“For me,however,Mothers Day represents an annual challenge to do the impossible-find a gift that will make neither Mama nor me feel terrible.”表示的是但是，对于我来说，母亲节代表的是一种年度不可能完成的挑战，即找到一种将不会让妈妈也不会让我觉得糟糕的礼物。第二段第一句“Expensive giftswhich Mama defines as costing over$1.98
362、are out,because they make Mama feel terrible.”表示的是妈妈把花费超过 1.98 美金的礼物定义为昂贵礼物，这种礼物是要排除的，因为他们会让妈妈刚到糟糕。第三段第二句“Instead,on Mothers Day,her birthday,and other appropriate occasions,he writes a short epic poem in which he tells of their meeting,courtship,and marriage.”表示的是相反地，在母亲节，她的生日，以及其他合适的场合，他会写一首短的叙事诗，
363、在诗中，他描述他们的相遇，求婚和结婚。第四段第一句“This year,finally,I think I,too,have found a painless gift for Mama.”表示的是最后，这年，我想，我也已经给妈妈找到了一份不痛苦的礼物了。由此可见，全文都是在讲述作者给母亲准备一份特别的母亲节礼物。结合选项可知，选项 B 正确。BThe Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology was used as a quarantine site（隔离区）from Feb 8 to March 28.Cheng Shining,a junior
364、 of Central China Normal University in Wuhan,was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff.As the youngest volunteer at this site,he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed.One day Cheng and two other volunteers too
365、k more than 3 hours to move all 1,462 boxes of mineral water to storage with 50 firemens help.Cheng says.A single persons strength is limited,but we know the whole country is helping us.Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October.It was the first time he saw his hom
366、etown under the worlds spotlight.Ive experienced the highlight of Wuhan,and now when my hometown touched a low point,I want to get through the difficulty together with the city,Cheng says.Like Cheng,28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city.He signed up right away to
367、be a volunteer for the vaccine.A total of 108 Wuhan locals became the first group of COVID-19 vaccine volunteers in March.They are healthy adults aged from 18 to 60 selected from thousands of people who applied.Since the lockdown,Ive always been thinking what I can do for my hometown during the epid
368、emic,he says.Zhu is a freshman of Hubei University of Technology in Wuhan.He joined the army when he was 18 years old and served for five years.However,Zhu didnt want to miss the chance to study further,so he decided to go to college last year.No matter how long I have finished my military service,I
369、 always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me,and when facing this pandemic（疫情），being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do,he says.6.How does Cheng sound when talking about the help from the firemen?A.Descriptive and seriousB.Generous and excitingC.Appreciative
370、 and optimisticD.Cautious and supportive7.How can Zhu help his home city?A.By serving the Military World Games.B.By helping run a quarantine site.C.By studying further in college.D.By being a vaccine volunteer.8.What do Cheng and Zhu have in common?A.They are Wuhan locals.B.They served in the army.C
371、.They are of the same age.D.They graduated from university.9.Which of the following is most likely said by President Xi to them during the epidemic?A.Diligence is crucial for the development of our country.B.Chinese dream is what pushes the whole country ahead.C.Life is a book and you are responsibl
372、e for your own page.D.The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.10.What is the purpose of this passage?A.To compare two people.B.To tell two volunteers stories.C.To present an argument.D.To report a piece of news.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了两位来自武汉的志愿者在疫情期间做出的贡献。6.C 推理判断题。根据第二段 Cheng 的原话“
373、A single persons strength is limited,but we know the whole country is helping us.”可知，在他看来，虽然个人的力量有限，但他知道整个国家都在帮助他们，一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情，另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C 选项“感激并且乐观”符合文意。故选 C 项。7.D 细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句“Like Cheng,28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city.He signed up right awa
374、y to be a volunteer for the vaccine.”可知，Zhu 帮助自己城市的方式就是申请成为疫苗志愿者。故选 D 项。8.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October.It was the first time he saw his hometown under the worlds spotlight.”和第四段中“28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing”可知，两位志愿者都是武汉人。根据故选 A 项
375、。9.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Zhu 的原话“No matter how long I have finished my military service,I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me,and when facing this pandemic（疫情），being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do”可知，两位志愿者虽然年轻但都能为国家为大局挺身而出负起责任，因此 D 选项“中国新时代的年轻人能肩负伟大的职责”
376、更有可能是习总书记对他们说的话。故选 D项。10.B 推理判断题。总览全文，本文就是围绕着疫情期间涌现出的两位志愿者作介绍并讲述他们的故事。B选项“讲述两个志愿者的故事”符合文章主题。故选 B 项。CEducators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students.Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have his or her own microcom
377、puter.What advantages do computers offer the college students?Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer:to write papers.Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor,most find revising and editing much easier on it.One can
378、alter,insert,or delete just by pressing a few keys,thus ridding students of the need to rewrite or retype.Furthermore,since the revision process is less difficult,students are more likely to revise as often as isnecessary to end up with the best paper possible.For these reasons,many freshman English
379、 courses require the use of a word processor.Computers are also useful in the context of language courses,where they are used to drill students in basic skills.Software programs strengthen ESL(English as a Second Language)instruction,as well as instruction in French,German,Spanish,and other language
380、s.By using these programs on a regular basis,students can improve their skills in a language while proceeding at their own pace.Similarly,business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet(电子表格)programs are all but important to many aspects of their work,while students pursuing careers
381、in graphic arts,marketing,and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic(绘图)is important.Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers,while social science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.It is no wonder then,th
382、at educators support the purchase and use of microcomputers by students.A useful tool,the computer can help students learn.And that is,after all,the reason for going to college.11.What does the underlined phrase“computer literacy”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.The purchase of computers.B.The ability
383、 to use computers well.C.The computer hardware and software.D.The computer science and technology.12.According to the author,a word processor can be used to_.A.revise and edit papersB.rewrite or retype papersC.complete a freshman courseD.improve students writing skills13.According to the author,the
384、reason for students to go to college is_.A.to learn somethingB.to perfect themselvesC.to improve computer skillsD.to find ones passions14.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?A.Educational experts have developed grading systems.B.The computer has fund its way into social science.C.Rarely do accounti
385、ng students use computers.D.Computers benefit various majors in college.15.Which of the Allowing is TRUE according to the passage?A.More college students should major in computer science.B.Machine learning and big data is the future of computer application.C.Some computer progams can be employed to
386、aid language learning.D.Educators are reluctant to increase computer use in their own classroom.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述学习计算机的诸多好处，各种专业的学生可以通过对计算机的学生获得很多的优势。11.B 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的 Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have his or her own microcomputer.(很多人甚至认为每个新生都应该有他或她自己的微型计算机)可知，此处是对前面教育家观
387、点的进一步说明。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“如今，越来越多的教育家说，使用计算机的能力知识对大学生来说是绝对必要的。”进而推知，划线词组 computer literacy 意为“使用计算机的能力”。故选B 项。12.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer:to write papers.Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word proc
388、essor,most find revising and editing much easier on it.(使用过文字处理器的学生都知道使用电脑的一个令人信服的理由:写论文。虽然不是所有的学生都喜欢在文字处理器上写作，但大多数学生发现在上面修改和编辑要容易得多)可知，文字处理器可轻松地用于修改和编辑论文。故选 A 项。13.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段 A useful tool,the computer can help students learn.And that is,after all,the reason for going to college.(一个有用的工具，计算机可以帮
389、助学生学习。毕竟，这就是上大学的原因)可知，that 指的就是学生的学习，即学生上大学的原因是为了学习一些东西。故选 A 项。14.D 主旨大意题。文章第四段分别讲述了专业为商业和会计学生，平面艺术的学生，营销和公共关系的学生，教育专业的学生，社会科学专业的学生都能从计算机技术上获得很多的好处。由此可知，第四段主要讲述的是计算机对大学里的各个专业都有好处。故选 D 项。15.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 By using these programs on a regular basis,students can improve their skills in a language while proceeding at their own pace.(通过定期使用这些程序，学生可以以自己的进度提高他们的语言技能)可知，一些计算机程序可以用来辅助语言学习。故选 C 项。