1、上海市建平中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other bl
2、anks, use one word that best fits each blank.Buy, buy in BangkokThe city of angles is a divine destination for those who are in heaven when they shop，spa and eat, according to a report by China Daily.Even if you are just in town for a few days, _1_ (shop) in Bangkok is an experience not to be missed
3、. From air-conditioned malls to cheerful markets, you have a trip made in heaven for those _2_ like to keep the swings open.It is in Central Bangkok _3_ you will also find the tempting delights and welcoming chilled (休闲舒适的)interiors of refined palaces of luxury consumption such as Central Chidlom，wh
4、ich has a “one-stop shopping” philosophy _4_ (feature) a wide selection of goods from both international and top local brand names. In-store services include personal fashion stylists who will provide professional advice _5_ clothing, make-up, hair styling and accessories that will suit you best. Fo
5、r Muslim customers theres a prayer room _6_ (locate) on the 6th floor. The store is also a participant in Bangkoks VAT refund (增值税退款)for tourists. This means most tourists _7_ claim a VAT refund of from 4 to 6.1 percent _8_ they spend 2,000 baht (64$) or more in a day and claim a refund at the airpo
6、rt.Just a few minutes walk from Chidlom is one of Bangkoks popular recreational destinations for young people. Central World is a buzzing 550,000 square meters thats 77 soccer fields of retail and entertainment, including two mega stores ZEN and Isetan, more than 500 stores，100-pius restaurants, a 1
7、5-screen cinema, an ice skating rink and _9_ (large) supermarket in Asia. And you can drop your kids off at the play and learning centers, Thailand Knowledge Park or Genius Planet Zone, where there are trained supervisors _10_ (keep) an eye on them and guarantee they make the most of the edutainment
8、 environments.【答案】1. shopping 2. who 3. that 4. featuring 5. about/on 6. located 7. can 8. if 9. the largest 10. to keep【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在泰国曼谷购物和娱乐是一种不容错过的体验。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使你只是在那呆几天，在曼谷购物也是一种不容错过的体验。此处的shop为动词，表示 “购物”，分析句子结构可知应该用动名词作主语，故填shopping。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从有空调的商场到热闹的市场，对于那些喜欢逛街的人来说，这是一次天堂之
9、旅。先行为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who。【3题详解】考查强调句型。句意：在曼谷市中心，你还会发现吸引人的娱乐场所和精致奢华的高档消费场所。将It is和空处去掉后句子结构依然完整，因此本句为强调句型（基本结构为：it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分），本句强调的是地点状语in Central Bangkok，故填that。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司拥有“一站式购物”的购物理念，从国际和本地顶级品牌中挑选多种商品。a “one-stop shopping” philosophy 与feature之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，
10、故填featuring。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：店内服务包括个人时尚造型师，他们会为你提供最适合你的服装、化妆、发型设计和配饰方面的专业建议。advice about/on表示“关于的建议”，故填about/on。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：六楼有一个为穆斯林游客准备的祈祷室。be located+介词表示“位于”，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填located。【7题详解】考查情态动词。句意：这意味着，如果大多数游客在一天内花费2000泰铢（64美元）或以上并在机场申请退税，他们可以申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税。根据句意可知此处表示“能够、可以”，故填can。【8题详解】考查条件状语
11、从句。句意同上，根据句意可知，花费2000泰铢（64美元）或以上并在机场申请退税是游客申请4%至6.1%的增值税退税的条件，此处表示“如果”，故填if。【9题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：“中心世界”占地55万平方米，拥有77个足球零售和娱乐场所，其中包括两个大型商店Zen和Isetan、500多家商店、100家Pius餐厅、15个银幕影院、一个溜冰场和亚洲最大的超市。根据句意可知此处指的的是“亚洲最大的超市”，突出“中心世界”的规模之大，故填the largest。【10题详解】考查不定式。句意：那里有训练有素的主管去密切关注他们，确保他们充分利用寓教于乐的环境。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作
12、目的状语，故填to keep。Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the proper form of the words or expressions given in the frame. Each one can only be used once.Why your Password May Not Be As Safe As It Seems? Does “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password? What about “adgjmptw”? An analysis h
13、as found them to be among the passwords that are most _11_ used, which of course means they are not secure at all.When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet，they appeared to _12_that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful, ev
14、en if, in the specific case of the leaked passwords, they are also completely pointless.While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to_13_. The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.“Users are be
15、coming slightly more _14_what makes a password strong” explained WP Engine, an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance, adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase. That makes it better, right?”But _15_no. They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20
16、percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords. Yahoo! is giving users the option to _16_ their mobile phone with an account having a single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log o
17、n.Although the serviced is voluntary, Dylan Casey an executive at Yahoo!，said that it was “the first step to_17_passwords”. He said it was a(n)_18_that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I dont think we, as an industry, have done a good enough job of putting
18、 ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,” he said.It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same peoples improving upon “password” by using “password” or，“tran5p053d numb3r5 f0r 133tr3r5”.“We are, for the most part，predictably_19_when it comes to choosing passwords, despit
19、e a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups” said WP Engine. “We love taking a(n) _20_, and so do password crackers.【答案】11. C 12. D 13. F 14. E 15. B 16. I 17. G 18. A 19. K 20. J【解析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了互联网上密码越来越不安全的原因。【11题详解】考查副词。句意：一项分析发现，它们是最常用的密码之一，这当然意味着它们根本不安全。修饰动词used用副词，根据
20、“which of course means they are not secure at all.”可知此处表示“通常地”，故选C。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：当1000万个密码被泄露到互联网上时，它们似乎表明（证实），互联网安全专家试图让我们提高密码强度的努力是成功的。appear to do表示“似乎做”，根据“that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful”可知此处表示“证实”，故选D。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：许多人显然
21、试图让它们更难被破解。make sth hard to do表示“使某事/物很难”，根据“While many of the passwords were still single words, such as “password”，there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to”可知此处表示“破解”，故选F。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：用户略微地意识到是什么使密码更强大。根据“what makes a password strong”可知此处表示“意识到”，be/become conscious of表示“意识到
22、、知道”，故选E。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：但实际上没有。他们发现，有近50万个密码都是这样做的，其中20%的人都是把数字1放在最后。根据“They found that almost half a million passwords did this and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.”可知此处表示“实际上并没有”，故选B。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：雅虎允许用户选择将自己的手机与账户关联起来，用户每次登录时都可以通过短信向该账户发送一次使用密码。根据“having a
23、 single use passwords texted to it each time they want to log on.”可知此处表示“使关联、联系”，associatewith表示“将和联系起来”，故选I。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：雅虎的高管迪伦凯西说，这是解除密码的第一步。the first step后接不定式作定语，表示“的第一步”，用户将自己的手机与账户捆绑起来是解除密码的第一步，此处表示“解除”，故选G。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：他说，人们承认越来越难记住他们所有的密码。此处缺少名词作表语，根据“that it was increasingly hard for p
24、eople to remember all the passwords they had.”可知此处表示“承认”，故选A。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：在很大程度上，我们在选择密码时非常缺乏想象力，尽管密码强度检查器在注册期间警告了我们十年。此处缺少形容词作表语，根据“despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups”可知此处表示“缺乏想象力的”，故选K。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：我们喜欢走捷径，密码破解者也是如此。作动词taking 的宾语用名词，我们在设置密码时缺乏想象力是因为我们
25、喜欢走捷径，此处表示“捷径”，故选J。. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Some of the advantages of bilingualism include better performance a
26、t tasks involving brains ability to plan and prioritize, better defense against Alzheimers (阿尔茨海默氏病)in old age and the obvious the ability to speak a second language. One advantage was not mentioned, though. Many multilinguals report different _21_. or even different worldviews, when they speak thei
27、r different languages.Its an exciting idea that ones very self could be_22_ by the mastery of two or more languages other than in obvious ways such as_23_to new friends and literature A former colleague, _24_, reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?This_25_is not ne
28、cessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically (对称性地)bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. They usually have different_26_in their different languages, and th
29、ey are not always best in their first language. For example, when_27_in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than in their native language. In part this is because working in a second language_28
30、_the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking them. And no wonder they feel relaxed, perhaps more assertive or funnier, in the language where they were_29_from childhood.Then，what of those bilinguals raised in two languages? Even for a speaker whose two languages are_30_ in ability, t
31、here is another big reason that person will feel different in the two languages. This is because there is an important_31_between bilingualism and biculturalism. Of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little_32_that they feel different in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have sho
32、wn the power of “priming”small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican
33、（波多黎各人）in New York, might _33_ feelings of family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.So there are two very good reasons, asymmetrical ability and _34_, that make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a thi
34、rd kind of_35_, though. We often see some languages inherent（内在的）properties overlap （重叠）with national stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English，playful. In this case, is there any convincing line of cause from grammar to personality?21. A. scholarsB. personalitiesC. evolutionD. intelli
35、gence22. A. maintainedB. upgradedC. examinedD. broadened23. A. attentionB. adaptionC. exposureD. attraction24. A. in turnB. for exampleC. in another wayD. of course25. A. challengeB. influenceC. masteryD. benefit26. A. cause and effectB. problems and solutionsC. strengths and weaknessesD. pains and
36、gains27. A. spokenB. taughtC. testedD. pressed28. A. slow downB. result inC. break upD. cut up29. A. related toB. brought upC. fixed onD. obsessed with30. A. familiarB. uniqueC. equalD. practical31. A. relationshipB. distinctionC. limitationD. emphasis32. A. embarrassedB. accustomedC. surprisedD. ex
37、hausted33. A. arouseB. oppressC. explainD. demand34. A. biculturalismB. primingC. locationD. education35. A. giftB. definitionC. argumentD. principle【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了双语的优缺点及其对双语学习者不同影响。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：
38、许多会说多种语言的人有不同的性格，甚至世界观。A. scholars学者；B. personalities品格、个性；C. evolution演变；D. intelligence智慧。根据空后的“or even different worldviews,”可知，会说多种语言的人有不同的性格和世界观，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人的自我认知可能是通过掌握两种或两种以上语言，而不是以明显的方式，如接触到新朋友和文学的方式得以拓展。A. maintained维持；B. upgraded升级；C. examined检查；D. broadened扩大、拓宽。根据常识可知，掌握多
39、种语言可以拓宽一个人的自我认知（眼界），故D项正确。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. attention注意力；B. adaption适应；C. exposure接触；D. attraction吸引力。根据空后的“to new friends and literature”可知此处指接触朋友和文学，故C项正确。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，一个以前的同事说，希伯来语比英语更粗鲁。那么这是怎么回事？A. in turn轮流；B. for example例如；C. in another way 另一方面；D. of course当然。句意为一个以前同事说，希伯来语比英语
40、更粗鲁，这是作者举的一个例子，故B项正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个影响不一定与第二语言的词汇或语法有关。A. challenge挑战；B. influence影响；C. mastery精通；D. benefit好处。根据下文原因论述“In part this is because working in a second language 8 the thinking”及上文说到那么这是怎么回事？可判断此处指影响，故B项正确。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在不同的语言中通常有不同的优点和缺点，在他们的母语中并不总是最好的。A. cause and effect原因和
41、结果；B. problems and solutions问题和解决办法；C. strengths and weaknesses长处和短处；D. pains and gains付出与收获。根据空后的“and they are not always best in their first language.”可知，语言学习对人的影响有优缺点，故C项正确。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当用外语测试时，人们陷入认知陷阱(用看似明显但错误的答案回答测试问题)的可能性比用母语测试要小。A. spoken说； B. taught教；C. tested测试；D. pressed压。根据下文研究测
42、试 (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) 可知此处指外语测试，故C项正确。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在某种程度上，这是因为用第二语言使思维变慢。A. slow down减速；B. result in导致；C. break up打碎；D. cut up切碎。根据上文中的“when_7_in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap”可知，在外语中，人们比母语更不可能陷入认知陷阱是因为
43、第二语言的环境会减缓人的思维，且与下文no wonder相呼应，故A项正确。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：难怪在他们从小长大的语言环境中，他们会感到放松，也许会更自信或更有趣。A. related to与有关；B. brought up教育、长大；C. fixed on固定；D. obsessed with痴迷于。根据空后的“from childhood.”可知，此处指在他们从小长大的语言环境中，故B项正确。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会因为另一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同。A. familiar熟悉的；B. unique独一无二的；C
44、. equal相等的；D. practical实际的。根据空后的“in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel different in the two languages.”可知，即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会因为另一个重要的原因而觉得两种语言不同，故C项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是因为双语和二元文化之间有一个重要的区别。A. relationship关系；B. distinction区别；C. limitation限制；D. emphasis重点。即使是一个说两种语言能力相当的人也会觉
45、得两种语言不同是因为双语和二元文化之间有区别，故B项正确。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那些接受两种文化双语者中，我们应该毫不奇怪他们在两种语言中的感受不同。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. exhausted精疲力尽的。根据空后的“that they feel different in their two languages.”可知，接受两种文化的双语者对两种语言的感受不同，这一点并不让我们感到惊讶，故C项正确。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：说西班牙语,而不是英语,双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约可
46、能会唤起家的感觉。A. arouse引起、唤起；B. oppress压抑；C. explain解释；D. demand要求。根据空后的“Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.”可知，换用英语可能会让同一个人想起学校和工作，因此双语和二元文化的波多黎各人在纽约可能会唤起家的感觉，故A项正确。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以有两个很好的原因，不对称的能力和二元文化，让人们觉得说不同的语言是不同的。A. biculturalism二元文化；B. priming底料；C. lo
47、cation位置；D. education教育。根据上文介绍的二元文化对双语学习者的影响可知，二元文化让人们觉得说不同的语言是不一样的，故A项正确。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，我们还有第三种论证。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与民族定型观念重叠。A. gift天赋；B. definition定义；C. argument争论、论证；D. principle原则。我们经常看到一些语言的固有属性与民族定型观念重叠，这是除了上文所说的不对称的能力和二元文化之外对双语学习者产生影响的第三种论证，故C项正确。【点睛】本篇第14空D项education的干扰性很大，根据常识，很多同学会认为接
48、受教育的不同而影响一个人使用语言的能力，但根据上文中“between bilingualism and biculturalism. ”可知，一个说两种语言能力相当的人，也会觉得两种语言不同是因为双语和二元文化之间有区别，因此此处说的是二元文化对人们使用语言的影响，故选biculturalism。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there
49、are four choices marked A，B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The train was speeding onward and the plains of Texas were pouring eastward.A newly married pair had boarded this coach at San Antonio. The mans face was reddene
50、d from many days in the wind and sun, and a direct result of his new black clothes was that from time to time he looked down respectfully at his clothes. He sat with a hand on each knee, like a man waiting in a barbers shop. The glace she devoted to other passengers were shy. The bride was not prett
51、y. She wore a dress of blue cashmere. She continually twisted her head to regard her puff sleeves. They embarrassed her. The blushes （脸红）caused by the careless glances of some passengers as she had entered the car were strange to see.They were evidently very happy. “Ever been in a parlor-car （特等火车）b
52、efore?” he asked, smiling with delight.“No,” she answered; “I never was. Its fine，aint it?”“Great! And then after a while well go forward to the dinner. Fresh meal in the world. Charge a dollar. ”“Oh, do they?” cried the bride. “Charge a dollar? Why，thats too much for us aint it, Jack?”Later he expl
53、ained to her about the trains. “You see, if s a thousand miles from one end of Texas to the other; and this runs right across it, and never stops but four times.” He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling fittings of the coach; and in truth her eyes opened wider and she watche
54、d the sea-green velvet（丝绒人）, the shining bronze，silver, and glass, the wood that glowed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze statue held a support for a separated room, and on the ceiling were frescos（壁画）in olive and silver.To the minds of the pair, their surround
55、ings reflected the glory of their marriage that morning in San Antonio: this was the environment of their new estate; and the mans face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter. This porter at times surveyed them with an amused and superior grin. On
56、 other occasions he bullied them with skill in ways that did not make it easy to them that they were being bullied. He oppressed them. But of this oppression they had small knowledge, and infrequently, a number of travelers covered them with stares of derisive （嘲讽的）enjoyment.At last they went to the
57、 dining-car. Two rows of Negro waiters, in glowing white suits, surveyed their entrance with the interest. The pair fell to the seats of a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in steering them through their meal. He viewed them with the manner of a fatherly guide, his face radiant with kindness. The
58、 service, coupled with the ordinary deference（毕恭毕敬），was rare to them. And yet, as they returned to their coach, they showed in their faces a sense of escape.36. The description of the couples clothes and behaviour seems to indicate that they had a sense of _.A. superiorityB. awkwardnessC. despairD.
59、satisfaction37. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The interior of the coach was luxurious and modem.B. The Negro porter was very helpful to the couple.C. It was the first time for the couple to take a train in Texas.D. Some passengers on the train took the couple as an objec
60、t of fun.38. What does the underlined word “surveyed” mean in the 8th paragraph?A. monitoredB. observedC. searchedD. investigated39. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The waiter was indifferent to the couple.B. The couple felt uneasy at dinner.C. The service was satisfactory.D. The cou
61、ple enjoyed the dinner.【答案】36. B 37. D 38. B 39. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对新婚夫妇在圣安东尼奥乘车前往得克萨斯州的过程中受到嘲笑的故事。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“ They embarrassed her.”可知，这对夫妇当时感到很尴尬，由此可知，对这对夫妇衣着和行为的描写表明他们有一种尴尬的感觉，故答案为C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“ a number of travelers covered them with stares of derisive （嘲讽的）enjoyment.
62、”可知，一些乘客把这对夫妇当作嘲讽的对象，故答案为D。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“the mans face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter.”可知，尤其是那人的脸上洋溢着喜悦的神情，使他在黑人看门人看来显得滑稽可笑，这说明他引起了看门人的注意，自然要仔细打量他们，由此可知画线词词义为“观察、打量”，故答案为B。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ they showed in their faces a sense of
63、 escape.”可知，这对夫妇有种想逃的感觉，由此可知他们感到很不舒服，故答案为B。【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，抓住画线词上下文对人物动作、表情及心理活动的描写是关键，例如本篇第3题，根据画线词前的“the mans face in particular shone with an elation （得意）that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter.”可知，尤其是那人的脸上洋溢着喜悦的神情，使他在黑人看门人看来显得滑稽可笑，这说明他的表情引起了看门人的注意，所以看门人自然要仔细打量他们，由此可知画线词词义为“观察、打量”。(B)O
64、peration Green Sweep(For teens currently in 6th 12th grades)Operation Green Sweep is a volunteer program organized by the Alameda Recreation and Park Department for teens who want to earn community service hours by assisting with the cleaning of our city parks and community centers. Teens will be su
65、pervised while cleaning up various local parks, doing light trash removal and learning a thing or two about our parks and surrounding environment. Fridays, April 17 to May 29,2019 3:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Cost: $45 covers ths uniform shirt, the training book and transportationHow to register: You may
66、register in person or mail your completed form and payment to: Alameda Recreation and Park Department, 2226 Santa Clara Avenue, Alameda, 94501. Phone registrations are accepted Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. with MasterCard or VISA payment only. Please have your credit card ready befo
67、re calling (510) 7477566. Save time and register online at www.A at your convenience.Cancellation and refund policy:If the program is cancelled by the Alameda Recreation and Park Department, your fee will be fully returned to you.Cancellations put forward by the client must be requested digitally at
68、 least five business days in advance of the start of the program. Well charge a $15 administration fee,Note:If you miss more than two days, you may be dropped from the program without earning your hours. Please bring a snack, wear work clothes (no skirts or open-toed shoes) and sunscreen.Teens are e
69、xpected to act quickly, learn communication skills and learn to plan ahead. All volunteers must meet at the Veterans Memorial Building. Do not be late as transportation is provided to take teens to their destinations.40. What can we learn about the Alameda Recreation and Park Department?A. It offers
70、 free community service.B. It spreads knowledge on nature.C. It provides volunteer activities for kids.D. It takes care of kids for busy parents.41. What can you do if youre interested in Operation Green Sweep?A. Mail the park where you want to do the cleaning jobB. Call (510)747-7566 at 5:00 p.m. o
71、n Saturday.C. Fax your registration form and American Express card number.D. Apply online at www.A at any time.42. If you give up 7 days prior to Operation Green Sweep,_A. $30 will be returned to your accountB. there is no need to make a request for cancellation.C. no extra fee will be chargedD. you
72、 must hand in your request form in person【答案】40. C 41. D 42. A【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Alameda娱乐公园绿色清扫行动的相关信息。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Operation Green Sweep is a volunteer program organized by the Alameda Recreation and Park Department for teens who want to earn community service hours”可知，阿拉梅达娱乐公园管理部门向儿童提供志愿活动
73、，故答案为C。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一点 “Save time and register online at www.A at your convenience.”可知，如果对该活动感兴趣，你可以随时在www.A进行在线申请，故答案为D。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分最后一点“Cost: $45 covers ths uniform shirt, the training book and transportation”及第三部分中的“Cancellations put forward by the client must be requested digitall
74、y at least five business days in advance of the start of the program. Well charge a $15 administration fee,”可知，正常的费用是45美元，包括制服、训练手册和交通费，客户提出的取消要求必须在项目开始前至少5个工作日提出，需要扣除15美元的管理费，所以如果你在绿色行动前7天放弃，那么45减去15，即为退还30美元，故答案为A。(C)More than a decade ago, cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz,
75、both then at Vanderbilt University, found that what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability to retain facts or apply prior knowledge to a new situation but a quality they called “preparation for future learning.” The researchers asked fifth graders and college students to create
76、 a recovery plan to protect bald eagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans of similar quality (although the college students had better spelling skills). From the standpoint of a traditional educator, this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help students think
77、 about ecosystems and extinction, major scientific ideas.The researchers decided to go deeper, however. They asked both groups to generate questions about important issues needed to create recovery plans. On this task, they found large differences. College students focused on critical issues of inte
78、rdependence between eagles and their habitats. Fifth graders tended to focus on features of individual eagles (“How big are they?” and “What do they eat?”). The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions, the cornerstone (最重 要部分)of critical thinking. They had learned how to learn.M
79、useums and other institutions of informal learning may be better suited to teach this skill than elementary and secondary schools. At the Exploratorium in San Francisco, we recently studied how learning to ask good questions can affect the quality of peoples scientific inquiry. We found that when we
80、 taught participants to ask “What if?” and “How can?” questions that nobody present would know the answer to and that would spark exploration，they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibit-asking more questions, performing more experiments and making better interpretations of their results. Spec
81、ifically, their questions became more comprehensive at the new exhibit. Rather than merely asking about something they wanted to try，they tended to include both cause and effect in their question. Asking juicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborative inquiry into the
82、science content found in exhibits.This type of learning is not confined to museums or institutional settings. Informal learning environments tolerate failure better than schools. Perhaps many teachers have too little time to allow students to form and pursue their own questions and too much ground t
83、o cover in the curriculum. But people must acquire this skill somewhere, Our society depends on them being able to make critical decisions about their own medical treatment, say, or what we must do about global energy needs and demands. For that, we have an informal learning system that gives no gra
84、des, takes all comers，and is available even on holidays and weekends.43. What is traditional educators interpretation of the research outcome mentioned in the first paragraph?A. Students are not able to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B. College students are no better than fifth grader in memo
85、rizing facts.C. Education has not paid enough attention to major environmental issues.D. Education has failed to lead students to think about major scientific ideas.44. College students are different from children in that_ ?A. they have learned to think critically.B. they are concerned about social
86、issues.C. they are curious about specific features.D. they have learned to work independently.45. What is the benefit of asking questions with no ready answers?A. It arouses students interest in things around them.B. It cultivates students ability to make scientific inquiries.C. It trains students a
87、bility to design scientific experiments.D. It helps students realize not every question has an answer.46. At the end of the passage the author seems to encourage educators to _.A. train students to think about global issuesB. design more interactive classroom activitiesC. make full use of informal l
88、earning resourcesD. include collaborative inquiry in the curriculum【答案】43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学校教育中存在的一个问题未能引导学生思考主要的科学思想，作者认为教育工作者应该充分利用非正式学习资源来引导学生思考问题。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From the standpoint of a traditional educator, this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help stude
89、nts think about ecosystems and extinction, major scientific ideas”可知，从传统教育家的角度来看，这一结果表明，学校教育未能帮助学生思考生态系统和物种灭绝等重大科学问题，也就是说教育未能引导学生思考主要的科学思想，故答案为D。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions, the cornerstone (最重 要部分)of critical thinking.”可知，大学生与孩子的不同之处在于他们更关注重
90、要问题，懂得如何提问，具有批判性的思维，也就是说他们学会了批判性地思考问题，故答案为A。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“and that would spark exploration”可知，问一些没有现成答案的问题能激发学生的探索精神，故答案为B。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，整个最后一段作者都是在说非正式学习的好处，尤其根据最后一句话“For that, we have an informal learning system that gives no grades, takes all comers，and is available even on holida
91、ys and weekends.”可知，作者鼓励教育工作者充分利用非正式学习资源，故答案为C。Section C (8%)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Importance of EthicsTwo 1996 studies indicate the
92、 importance of the study of ethics to students in journalism and mass communications programs. A survey of seventy-three media ethics courses at universities across the country revealed a continuing rise in enrollment. _47_Also, media organizations have told educators that they value students critic
93、al-thinking and problem-solving skills and their sense of ethics.However, reasons for studying ethics go beyond what potential employers desire. Proper behavior is necessary for growth and order. if one objective of an education is to promote the growth and development of the individual, then the pl
94、ace to start is with personal behavior. Developing a sense of what is right and wrong, or appropriate and inappropriate, will promote order, not only in individual lives but also in society at large. _48_Speed limits are set, proper directions are indicated, and numerous suggestions are made-seat be
95、lts, for exampleso that automobile travel is reasonably safe and efficient. Without the “rules” of the road，travel becomes chaotic. Order is necessary._49_ It sets rules” for proper human activity and as a result promotes growth，development，and order in individual lives._50_Not every problem is an e
96、thical one, and even when an ethical problem does present itself, people sometimes make the wrong ethical decision, or they make the right ethical decision and it results in unforeseen negative consequences. Nevertheless, people must realize that without a large number of individuals ”doing the righ
97、t thing， society would not be doing much at all except fighting for survival and trying to figure out an increasingly chaotic world. Things are bad enough with ethics; think how bad they might be without them.A. Ethical behavior could play the same role.B. Think, for example, of the order required t
98、o move traffic on roads and highways.C. Ethics promotes not only a better individual but also a better society.D. The other study noted that 44 percent of the responding schools required students to complete an ethics course.E. In conclusion, ethics seeks to resolve moral problems by defining concep
99、ts such as good and evil, right and wrong.F. Ethics, however, is not a magic cure-all【答案】47. D 48. B 49. A 50. F【解析】分析】本文是一篇说明文，从几个方面介绍了道德的重要性，并指出道德并不是包治百病的灵丹妙药。【47题详解】根据空前的“A survey of seventy-three media ethics courses at universities across the country revealed a continuing rise in enrollment.”可知
100、，一项对全国73所大学的媒体道德课程的调查显示，学习人数持续上升，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于道德课程的调查，故选D（另一项研究指出，44%的受访学校要求学生完成一门道德课程）。【48题详解】根据空后的“Speed limits are set, proper directions are indicated, and numerous suggestions are made-seat belts, for exampleso that automobile travel is reasonably safe and efficient.”可知， 通过限速，正确的方向指示，和像系安全带等许多建
101、议使汽车旅行是安全和有效的，此处讲的还应该是关于交通的话题，故选B（例如，考虑一下在公路和高速公路上运输车辆的顺序）。【49题详解】根据空后的“It sets rules” for proper human activity and as a result promotes growth，development，and order in individual lives.”可知，它为适当的人类活动制定规则，从而促进个人生活的增长、发展和秩序，因此此处讲的是道德行为的作用，It指代的就是A项中的Ethical behavior，故选A（道德行为也可以起到同样的作用）。【50题详解】根据空后的“N
102、ot every problem is an ethical one, and even when an ethical problem does present itself, people sometimes make the wrong ethical decision, or they make the right ethical decision and it results in unforeseen negative consequences.”可知，不是每一个问题都是道德问题，即使道德问题出现了，人们有时也会做出正确或错误的道德决策，由此可知人们也有做出错误的道德决策的时候，因
103、此此处是说道德并不能正确地解决所有的问题，故选F（然而，道德并不是包治百病的灵丹妙药）。【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，空处上下文出现的代词的指代关系往往是重要线索，这种指代关系往往存在于这个代词和前一句或后一句的某个名词之中，例如本篇第3题，根据空后的“It sets rules” for proper human activity and as a result promotes growth，development，and order in individual lives.”可知，它为适当的人类活动制定规则，从而促进个人生活的增长、发展和秩序，这些是道德行为的作用，It指代的就是A项中的
104、Ethical behavior，故选A（道德行为也可以起到同样的作用）。IV. Summary Writing (10%)51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Leeches as Medical TreatmentLeeches are small wormlike creatures that
105、live in water and suck the blood of animals and humans. In the past, though, leeches were commonly used in medicine. Then advances in science led to other kinds of treatments, and leeches disappeared from the sick room. Now, however, they are making a comeback.The use of leeches in medicine goes bac
106、k at least 2,500 years. Doctors used them to treat the sick in ancient Egypt, India, Persia, and Greece. It was believed in those days that taking blood from patients helped to bring their bodies back into balance. This belief and the practice of draining blood with leeches continued through the age
107、s.Another use of leeches has been investigated by a team of German doctors who study the ability of leeches to reduce pain. Their patients suffer from arthritis, a painful joint disease that often affects knees, shoulders, or fingers. When the German doctors put leeches on the arthritic knees of the
108、ir patients, almost all of them felt immediate relief from the pain. Most of the patients continued to be pain-free for over a month and some for as long as six months.Leeches have also proved indirectly useful in treating patients with heart and blood diseases. Since the 1880s, researchers have und
109、erstood that certain chemicals in. leeches prevent blood from clotting or becoming hard. Many people with heart or blood problems live with a serious risk of the formation of blood clots, which can travel through the blood to the heart or brain and cause death. In the 1950s, a scientist identified t
110、he chemical in a leech that prevents clotting. Later studies led to experiments with the chemical and the development of a drug that thins the blood of patients who are at risk for blood clots.Though doctors today do not view the use of leeches as the all-purpose treatment it once was, they now see
111、that for certain problems, this ancient remedy may be valid after all.【答案】Leeches suck the blood of animals and humans, so doctors in ancient times use them to take blood from partiers in order to bring their bodies into balance. A team of German doctors prevent patients from pain by Leeches. Leeche
112、s are useful in testily heart and blood distorts. Though doctors dont know all the use. Ancient remedy is still valid.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。V. T
113、ranslation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 提到5G技术，华为在全世界遥遥领先。(come to)53. 如果温室效应持续恶化，可以预见沿海城市面临的威胁。(foresee)54. 应该好好对待为国家做出突出贡献的人才，不能让他们寒心，这样他们才能全身心投入 到工作中去。(in order that)55. 这本书封面设计精美，价格合理，而且内容迎合了新一代年轻人，因此登上了销售榜的 首位。(It)【答案
114、】52. When it comes to 5G-tech, HuaWei is considered as the leader in the world. 53. If the green-house effect is still worse, the threat to cities near seas can be foreseen. 54. People who make contributions to the country should be well treated good, we cant let them disappointed, in order that the
115、y can fully devote themselves to the work. 55. It is the nice decoration, reasonable price and the topic to the young that help this book become the best-selling.【解析】本题考查翻译，注意按括号内的要求翻译。【52题详解】考查固定句型。When it comes to表示“当谈及、提到”，be considered as表示“被认为是”，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，翻译为：When it comes to 5G-tech, H
116、uaWei is considered as the leader in the world。【53题详解】考查语态和状语从句。根据句意可知此处应该用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作，the threat to表示“对的威胁”，主句主语threat与foresee之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故翻译为：If the green-house effect is still worse, the threat to cities near seas can be foreseen。【54题详解】考查定语从句和目的状语从句。make contributions
117、to表示“为做出贡献”，in order that表示“以便、为了”，devote oneself to表示“致力于、献身于”，根据句意可知用People作主语，定语从句who make contributions to the country修饰先行词People，用in order that引导目的状语从句，表示“为了、以便”，故翻译为：People who make contributions to the country should be well treated good, we cant let them disappointed, in order that they can
118、fully devote themselves into the work。【55题详解】考查强调句型。根据要求可知此处使用强调句型，其基本结构为it is+被强调部分+that+其余部分，本句强调的是三个并列主语the nice decoration, reasonable price and the topic to the young，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：It is the nice decoration, reasonable price and the topic to the young that help this book become the best-
119、sellin。.VI. Guided Writing56.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.下面三幅图分别是不同的三个人画的关于让他们感到开心的三样东西（1代表最重要的），如果你来画这样一幅图，那是那样东西会是什么？为什么？_【答案】When it comes to the things that make me happy, Ill tell you three without hesitation.The
120、first is friend, as far as I am concerned, friends, who can help us in need is the most important part of my world. We share happiness together and encourage each other when facing difficulties. The second is badminton, during holidays, I always paly badminton, of course, with my friends, which spen
121、ds our spared energy and build our body up. Absolutely, badminton is based on friend, therefore, it is one of the reason why friend is much more important. The third is internet. Living in such a modern city, internet is playing an important role in our daily life.Above all, these are three things m
122、ake me feel happy.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是开放性作文，要求对三样让自己感到开心的东西发表自己的看法。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求对三样让自己感到开心的东西发表自己的看法：下面三幅图分别是不同的三个人画的关于让他们感到开心的三样东西（1代表最重要的），如果你来画这样一幅图，那是那样东西会是什么？为什么？时态应为一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； happiness（快乐），hesitation（犹豫），encourage（鼓励），difficulties（困难）， energy（精力）及absolutely（绝对地）等。第3步：根据提示及关
123、键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有without hesitation（毫不犹豫），when it comes to（当谈及），as far as I am concerned (就我个人而言)，of course（当然），build up(增强)以及be based on（以为基础），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“as far as I am concerned, friends, who
124、 can help us in need is the most important part of my world.”及“I always paly badminton, of course, with my friends, which spends our spared energy and build our body up.”，状语从句“We share happiness together and encourage each other when facing difficulties. ”，定语从句“therefore, it is one of the reason why friend is much more important.”，非谓语动词“Living in such a modern city, internet is playing an important role in our daily life.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。- 26 -