1、2019年秋季课程外研版初二英语八年级上册 Module 9 Population一、课程介绍 知识点 1. 重点词汇用法：billion prepareincrease 的用法 2. 重点词组用法：too much prepare for 的用法 3. 重点语法: 冠词重点语法: 数字 教学重点 1. 各重点词汇及短语用法 2. 冠词和数字用法 教学难点1. 不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的使用方法2. 数词的使用方法二、要点回顾 .词汇短语1 v.出现2 n拐角3 n冰箱4 vt.躲藏5 n疼痛6 adj. 苍白的7 n. 药8 adj. 高兴的9 adj. 更糟的10 v. 扔11 v. 咬1
2、2 pay attention13 in time14 side by side15 fall off 16 pick up17 land on【答案】1.appear2.corner3.fridge 4.hide 5.pain6.pale7.medicine 8.glad9 worse 10. throw 11.bite12. 注意13.及时 14.肩并肩15.从跌落16.捡起17. 降落于.活用句型 翻译下列句子1. 我正在等待过马路。 _.2. 当灯变红色的时候，一辆汽车突然出现在拐角处。 _.3. 司机正在打手机。 _.4. 当你骑自行车的时候，考虑一下事故的风险吧！ _.【答案】1.
3、 I am waiting to cross the road. 2. When the lights were changing to red, a car suddenly appeared round the corner.3. The driver was talking on his mobile phone.4. When you are on a bike, think about the risk of an accident!三、知识精要 1）词汇noisen. 噪声fifthnum. 第五preparev. 准备flat n.公寓 notesn. 笔记rubbishn. 垃
4、圾reportn. 报告quietadj. 寂静的growv. 增长localadj.当地的hugeadj. 巨大的pupil n. 小学生causev. 造成 pollutionn.污染problemn. 问题publicadj. 公共的increasev. 增长n.增大servicen. 服务birth n. 出生solvev.解决问题billionnum. 十亿2）词组hang on稍等close to 接近close down 关闭move to搬到talk about讨论live in住在too much太多的as a result结果write down写下all over the
5、 world全世界in the future在将来notany more再也不是3）语法【语法点一】billion、thousand、hundred的用法billion、thousand、hundred若前无具体数字时，后接of，应用复数形式。若前有具体的数字，则用单数形式。【语法点二】冠词用法定冠词1.指前文提到过的人或物，表特指 2.指谈话双方都知道的人或者物 3.用于序数词或者最高级前 4.指世上独一无二的事 5.在江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词前及由普通名词构成的专有名词之前 6.用于表示方位的名词之前 7.用在表示乐器的名称之前 8.用在某些形容词前，表示一类人 9.用于姓氏复数之前，表
6、示一家人 10.用于某些固定短语之中：in the morning、the day after tomorrow、listen to the radio、at the moment、go to the beach、by the way不定冠词1.首次提到的人或者物 2.表示“每一”的概念 3.某些固定短语中：have a good time、in a hurry、have a break、a lot of、have a look、with a smile *注意：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前零冠词1.在球类活动、学科前不用冠词 2.在月份、星期前不用冠词 3.如果名
7、词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或数词等作定语，前不用冠词 4.在某些固定短语中不用冠词：by+交通工具、at night、in trouble等 注意：在某些词组中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同：in class（在课堂上） in the class（在班里）in hospital（生病住院） in the hospital（在医院里）at table（在吃饭） at the table（在桌子旁）【语法点三】数词1. 基数词：one, two, three等表示数量2. 序数词：first, second, third等表示顺序，序数词前一般要加the3. 数词的位置很重要，尤
8、其要注意的是位于another, all之后，位于such, more之前如：Can you have another two cakes?I can finish reading two such books in two days.4. 注意事项：（1） 十位数之间通常用连字符“-”，一百以上的数词通常在百位与十位或者个位之间加and，例如231是two hundred and thirty-one（2） 英语中没有万、十万、千万、亿这样的单位数词，英语中习惯从个位往前将三位数划为一组，因此是hundred. thousand, million, billion5. 非整数的表达：（1）
9、分数的分子一基数词表示，分母以序数词表示，当分子大于1时，序数词要用复数。其写法和读法如下：1/2 a/one half1/3 a/one third1/4 a/one fourth/quarter2/5 two fifths（2） 小数是以基数词加小数点表示，小数点前按基数词的规则读，小数点后面的数按个位基数词依次读出：0.006 zero point zero zero six0.257 zero point two five seven148.06 one hundred and forty-eight point zero six （3） 百分数是由基数词加百分号组成，百分号读作per
10、cent 0.6% zero point six percent5% five percent四、要点讲练【要点1】prepare的用法1. vt. 准备如：He is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.2. 词组搭配：prepare sth for sb 如：My mother is preparing lunch for us.3. vi为.做准备.：prepare for sth/sb如：I was preparing for bed when I heard a knock at the door.4. prepared adj
11、.准备好的 v.准备（prepare的过去分词） be prepared for为做准备be prepared to do sth准备去做5. preparation n.准备make/in preparations for为做准备make preparations against为对付做准备【例题】1.(2019天津河西区期末考试)Tony is_ some notes for a report.【解析】考查prepare的意思。根据意思tony正在为报告准备一些笔记可知时态为正在进行，因此应该选择prepare的现在进行时态。【答案】preparing【例题】2.Your mother p
12、repared delicious food _ us. Please say thanks to her.A. for B. to C. in D. of 【解析】 考查prepare的用法。为某人准备了某物，应用固定搭配：prepare sth for sb，故选A【答案】A【即学即用】1. 用prepare的正确形式及搭配填空 Are you _to take industrial action?I am well _take the job.【答案】prepared prepared to【要点2】billion的用法1. num.十亿如：He claimed to have seen
13、 billions of butterflies.2. 用在数字及several、a few等之后，其复数形式为billion.3. 联系：million（百万）、thousand（千）、hundred（百） 以上这些词如若前面有具体的数字时，后面不加s。若无具体的数字时，应加s表示“成千上万”、“成百上千的“等。如：Billions of stars twinkled in the sky. The population of China is about 1.37 billion.【例题】(2019天津中考)Basketball is so exciting that _ people p
14、lay it for fun.A. million B. two millions C. million of D. millions of【解析】考查数词的用法。篮球是如此的令人兴奋，以至于数以万计的人乐于玩他。Million不单独使用，而与具体数连用时要用单数，因此排除A和B选项。当million表示约数时，应该用复数形式，故选D。【答案】D【即学即用】 用billion的正确形式完成句子 . 1. Exports in June rose 1.5% to a record $30.91 _. .There are one _ people in that country 【答案】bill
15、ion billion 【链接中考】(2019 四川成都）Some scientists think that it will take _ of years to make robots do most work for humans.A hundreds Bhundred Cthousand【答案】A 考查数词的用法。固定短语hundreds of“成百上千”；如果前面没有具体的数字，常用复数加of结构表示不确切的数字。 【要点3】 too much和too many的区别 1.too much+不可数名词，表示“太多的” 如：We have too much work to do.2.t
16、oo many+复数名词，表示“太多的”如：There are too many students in our class.3.much too修饰形容词或者副词，表示“太”如：The box is much too heavy, so I cant carry it. 【例题】 (2019.天津和平区期末考试) Dont spend _time watching TV. There are _ things to do.A. too much : too much B. too many: too much C. too much: too many D. too many: too mu
17、ch 【解析】考查too much 和too many 的区别。Time作“时间”讲是不可数名词，因此第一空应用too much 修饰。而things是可数名词复数形式，用too many修饰。故选C。 【答案】 C【即学即用】 You can see_ snow everywhere. Its _cold.A. too many: many too B. too much: too many C. too much: much too D. much too: too much【答案】C 【要点4】 increase的用法1. n.增大，增长如：There was a steady incr
18、ease in population.2. v.增大，增长Wide reading will increase your vocabulary3. increase by+具体数量，表示“增加”increase in，表示在某方面增加increase to，表示“增加到”increase with，表示“随着增加”如：This numeral means a onefold increase in production.4. increased和increasing都是increase的分词形式，可用作形容词作定语。【例题】 The population of this town has _
19、5 percent.A. increased by B. increased in C. increased with D. increase to 【解析】本题考察的是increase的词组。根据题干的意思，这个小镇的人口已经增长了百分之五或者增长到百分之五，increased by符合题干意思。而D选项时态不符。故选A。 【答案】A【即学即用】 1. 翻译句子1）我们国家的人口已增长到了13 亿。2) 它的价格增长了30%。【答案】 1）The population of our country has increased to 1.3 billion. 2) It has increas
20、e 30 percent in price.五、双基达标1. 词汇练习 报告_ 污染_ 解决问题_ 寂静的_ 【答案】 report pollution solve quiet2. 翻译句子他们正在讨论如何和污染做抗争。_我家附近的那家超市前几周倒闭了。_【答案】They are talking about how to fight against the pollution. . The supermarket near my home closed down a few weeks ago.3. 完型填空Betty: What are you doing?Tony: Im _1_ some
21、 notes for a report _2_ “Our growing population”.Lingling: Well, were in the right place to talk _3_that! Beijing is a huge city with a big population. That _4_ a lot of problems, such as _5_ traffic and noise.Betty: Its not only Beijing. Population _6_ is a big problem in many countries. Do you kno
22、w how many babies are _7_ every minute in the world?Tony: No. Can you tell me?Betty: _8_ 250! That makes over 131.4 million births a year.Lingling: I cant _9_ it!Betty: The population of China is about 1.37 billion. Thats almost one _10_ of the worlds population, that is , about 7 billion. Tony: _11
23、_ on a minute! Ill write that _12_ too!Betty: But in the _13_, Chinas population wont grow so fast, because families are _14_.Lingling: How do you know all this?Betty: I wrote my _15_yesterday!Tony: Great, thanks! Now I can write my report!1AsuggestingBpreparing CconnectingDplaying2AcalledBstoppedCf
24、ollowedDinterviewed3AdownBaroundCupDabout4AcausesBdisappointedCworryDtroubled5Atoo manyBtoo machCmuch tooDmany too6AincreaseBcauseCdecreaseDlow7AbearBbornCstudiedDserved8ALessBMoreCMuchDOver9AsetBthinkCbelieveDtake10AfiveBfifthsCfifthDmore11AWaitBHungCHangDMove12AaboutBoutCdownDin13AlastBendCpastDfu
25、ture14AlessBmuchCsmallDsmaller15AletterBreportCemailDpaper答案:1-5 BADAB 6- 10 ABDCC 11- 15 CCDDB 4.短文还原What do most people do in their free time? People in Beijing watch TV every day. There are all kinds of programmes. Many people watch the seven Oclock CCTV news. _1_.There is a lot of important news
26、 in it. They can learn many things. At the same time they can know the world well. Many people, old and young, men and women, like watching “sports”. _2_.They can always turn on the TV and find the “sports” programmes. When there is an important match, some people like to get together to watch it. _
27、3_Cartoons are very interesting. Sometimes parents join in their children to watch them. TV programmes are good. _4_, its bad for our eyes. TV is becoming the most important things in our life. A. There are a lot of exciting games in it.B. People like talking about their favorite programmes.C. It la
28、sts thirty minutes.D. But children should not watch too much TVE. Children like cartoons.答案: 1-4 CAED 5. 习文练笔 题目要求 中国的污染已经非常严重，污染的形式多种多样，比如空气污染、水污染等。请你开动脑经想想有什么办法能比较好的减少污染，并写一篇短文来呼吁大家能够一起来保护环境。 注意：词数60词左右。 思路点拨 本文可分为三个部分来写：1 把污染的情况写明2 提出有哪些有针对性的降低污染的方法3 最后呼吁大家来保护环境词汇热身 关闭_ 稍等_太多的_【答案】close down hang
29、 on too much句式温习1我正在为一篇报告准备一些笔记。 I am_ some notes for a report.2 中国的人口将近13.7亿 The _of China is about 1.37 _.【答案】1.preparing 2. population; billion连句成篇_【参考范文】 PopulationIm preparing some notes for a report. Its about the population in China. According to my research, The population of China is about
30、1.37 billion. Although population increase is still a big problem in many countries, Chinas population wont grow so fast in the future. 六、单元自测1. 词汇检测quiethuge noiseprepare localgrowbillionproblem rubbishreportpupilfifthincreaseservice2. 句子翻译1. 我忍受不了这个噪音，我们出去吧2. 请告诉我如何解决这个问题3. 我们班百分十的学生都住在学校4. 通常去学校会
31、花费我半个小时【答案】 1. I cant stand the noise. Lets go out. 2. Please tell me how to solve the problem. 3Ten percent of students in our class live in the school. 4. It usually takes me half an hour to walk to school.3. 知识运用1）词汇填空 I am Maggie. I am _1_11-year-old girl. I like _2_ (travel) very much. And my f
32、avorite city is Hangzhou. _3_October 1st last year, I went to Hangzhou _4_ (visit) my friends. I _5_(feel) very happy when I saw them. The weather was great. The sun _6_(shine) all the time but it was not hot. After lunch, we went out and bought _7_(lot) of nice things in the stores. We went to one
33、of _8_ (beautiful) placesWest Lake and boated in the lake. How relaxing and _9_(excite)! We really enjoyed_10_(we). 1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 答案 ：1.an 2.traveling 3.On 4.to visit 5.felt 6.was shining 7.lots 8.the most beautiful 9.exciting 10.ourselves2）阅读理解The world itself is becoming
34、much smaller by using modem traffic and modern communication means (通讯设备). Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution (污染). To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, dri
35、nk it and even hear it.Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up(用完) or the river was dirty in one place, Man moved to another place. But this is no longer tru
36、e. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.Air pollution is still the most serious. Its bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.Many countries
37、are making rules (法规) to fight pollution. They stop people from burning coal (煤) in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.Pollution by SO2 is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused (引起) by heavy traffic. It is sure that if there are fewer peo
38、ple driving, there will be less air pollution.The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.1. Our world is becoming much smaller _.A. because the earth is being polluted day and nigh
39、t.B. thanks to science developmentC. because of the rise in populationD. because the earth is blown away by the wind every year2. Thousands of years ago, life was _ it is today.A. much easier than B. as easy asC. as hard as D. much harder than3. Pollution comes in many ways. We can even hear it. Her
40、e it means _.A. water pollution B. air pollutionC. noise pollution D. rubbish 4. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _.A. its bad for all living things in the worldB. it makes much noiseC. it makes our rivers and lakes dirtyD. it makes us angry more easily5. Which of the foll
41、owing is NOT true?A. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.B. The pollution of the earth grows as fast as the worlds population does.C. If people could go to work by bus or bike instead of car or motorbike it would be helpful in fighting against the problem of SO2.D. The problem of poll
42、ution is not so serious because there are not so many people living on the earth.答案:1-5 BDCAD4. 书面表达自从国家实施二胎政策以来，这个话题引起了很多国人的讨论。尤其是作为家庭里的第一个孩子们，他们的态度更是说法不一。假如你的美国笔友Tom想要了解你对于这一话题的想法，请用电子邮件回复他吧！80字左右，开头已给出，不计入词数总数。提示词：two-child policyDear Tom, As we all know,_范文：As we all know, the most families only
43、 have a child. In fact, I really want to have a brother or sister, because if I have a brother or sister, I will not feel so lonely. So I think two-child policy is a gift for some only child. And if I have some problems, he or she can help me. We can play together and grow up together.So in the futu
44、re, when I have my own family, I will be a parent, I hope I will have two children, one is a boy, the other is a girl. They can company each other, and the brother can protect sister if she has some problems. And they can study how to cooperate. When they grow up, we will be old. He and she will also have many babies at that time and we will live in a happy life together. Thanks for your message. I really want to tell you what I think about two-child policy. Best wishes, Li lei第 14 页