1、50分阅读理解提分练(六)阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A20192020西安五校高三联考Boston is an excellent place for a family vacation. There are many different fun and educational activities that are sure to interest visitors of all ages.Explore the New England AquariumLocated o
2、n the waterfront on the north end of the city, the New England Aquarium draws visitors from around the northeast. This aquarium gives visitors the unique opportunity to pet sharks. The aquarium is home to many kinds of sea life, including dolphins, penguins and seals. With ticket prices at $24.95 fo
3、r adults and $17.95 for children over the age of three, a visit to the aquarium is an affordable addition to any Boston family vacation.Visit Fenway ParkWhether or not you are a Red Sox fan, a visit to Fenway Park is an absolute must for any Boston family vacation. Baseball is the great American pas
4、time, so if the Red Sox are playing while you are in the city, then you and your family might want to consider getting tickets, buying some hot dogs, and watching one of the best sports displays in the world.Play at the Boston Childrens MuseumIf you have young children in your family, then a Boston
5、family vacation wouldnt be complete without an afternoon at the Boston Childrens Museum. It is one of the best childrens museums in the nation. It features many different themed rooms, including bubble rooms, construction rooms, a climbing area, and play spaces for little ones who are not yet walkin
6、g.Dine at Quincy MarketQuincy Market has long been thought of as the social center of the city of Boston. In fact, Quincy Market was the first public market in the entire Boston. At this marketplace you can shop in more than 100 stores and find the perfect souvenirs. It is also a great place to grab
7、 a quick and cheap lunch, dinner or snack.1What can you do at the New England Aquarium?ABuy souvenirs. BPlay with sharks.CSee polar bears. DWatch cartoons.2Which place will you go to if you go in for sports?AFenway Park.BNew England Aquarium.CQuincy Market.DBoston Childrens Museum.3What is the text
8、aimed at?AEncouraging people to visit Boston for vacation.BComparing some famous attractions in Boston.CTelling people what they can do in some places.DRecommending several places for a family vacation.B2020银川市普通高中学科教学质量检测With bushfires continuing to swallow different parts of Australia, a local zoo
9、 in New South Wales the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story.Right within the range of a bushfire, the keepers of Mogo Wildlife Park managed to protect all 200 animals from harm after they received evacuation (撤离) orders, according to reports.Netiz
10、ens were quick to react on social media and praised the bravery of the zoo keepers, as they stayed and managed to protect animals from uncontrolled fires and even sheltered some at their own house.The 40yearold zoo keeper, Chad Staples, described the situation as the worst catastrophe, which felt li
11、ke Armageddon (大决战) here. Luckily, his team had made a precise plan ahead of time including moving everything flammable (易燃的) from the area and the larger animals to safe places.Whats remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter, Staples decided to take them to his own house.“Right no
12、w in my house there are animals of all descriptions in all the different rooms. They are safe and protected.not a single animal is lost，” he said.BBC news also mentioned that “theres a tiger to the back of the house”. Some media outlets highlighted the “heroic job” in their headlines. Online users a
13、lso reacted with thumbsup and were glad to see all the staff and animals coming through the horrific fire.Located in the southern coast of New South Wales, Mogo Wildlife Park houses Australias largest collection of primates, and many different and unique animals such as zebras, giraffes, rhinos and
14、red pandas.4New South Wales hits the headlines because of _.Aits famous zooBits endangered animalsCthe heartwarming eventDbeing easy to catch fire5Which of the following is true about Mogo Wildlife Park?AIt belongs to Chad Staples.BNone of the animals is missing.CIt merely holds rare animal species.
15、DExtra shelters were built for emergencies.6Which word can probably describe Chad Staples?AIrresponsible. BConsiderate.CSelfish. DEnergetic.7Which of the following is the best title for the passage?AThe Heroic Job. BThe Horrific Fire.CThe Extinct Animals. DThe Brave Zoo Keepers.C2020合肥市高三第二次诊断检测Peop
16、le often talk about cultural differences between western and eastern countries, but how about the western world itself ? Surprisingly, a closer look at it can reveal a good many curious details.The most obvious characteristic of the majority of Americans is that they smile a lot. It does not matter
17、whether they have a strong reason to smile; they do it, sometimes simply because they have to. A smile is not just a powerful marketing tool but also a way to show that someone is friendly, and that life in general is fine. Europeans, on the contrary, prefer to keep a more neutral (不带感情色彩的) facial e
18、xpression. They smile mostly when they are in a good mood, or feel amused; if not, a Europeans face will remain neutral, or even dull. In Russia, for example, there is a proverb saying that laughing for no reason is a sign of a fool. It does not mean that Europeans are serious, or that they do not h
19、ave a sense of humor.The same refers to communication in general. Americans are extremely communicative; small talks and chats are common. Europeans talk mostly when there is something to say, and rarely enter communication just for the purpose of talking to other people. American people prefer to e
20、xpress what they think carefully, considering how it might affect surrounding people. Europeans are more straightforward, even with unfamiliar people. A European friend will almost always voice his opinion on different occasions, and will not hesitate to remind you that you need to lose some weight
21、or take a shower.It can be said that Americans are people of contrasts. They are openminded, flexible, and ready to accept everything new enthusiastically; but at the same time, American society manages to bring up unbelievable conservatives. Americans are extremely politically correct, which, in mo
22、st cases, is indeed a secure and beneficial practice, but it can also mess up daily or even private communication, sometimes preventing having close relationships. Europeans, on the contrary, are more straightforward, preferring to tell the truth in direct ways. Each way of communication is differen
23、tneither is correct or incorrect.8What does the author say about smiling ?AIt is culturerelated within western countries.BIt is a powerful marketing tool across cultures.CIt is thought of as a sign of a fool in America.DIt is regarded as a social necessity in Europe.9What is typical of Europeans com
24、munication ?ABeating around the bush.BHaving small talks and chats.CHiding their feelings carefully.DExpressing themselves openly.10What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to ?ABeing straightforward.BBeing politically correct.CAccepting everything new.DRaising unbelievable con
25、servatives.11How is the text mainly developed ?ABy analyzing cause and effect.BBy making comparisons.CBy classifying body language.DBy discussing research findings.D2020沈阳市教学质量监测(一)Bowhead whales (弓头鲸) can live 200 years or longer. How they do it is no longer among the secrets of the deep. Scientist
26、s have mapped the genetic code of this longlived whale species. The international effort found unusual features in the Arctic whales genes. Those features likely protect the species against cancer and other problems related to old age.“We hope to learn what is the secret of bowhead whales living lon
27、ger, healthier lives，” said Joo Pedro de Magalhes. He is a gerontologist (a person who studies the process of people growing old) at the University of Liverpool in England. He is also the coauthor of the study that appeared on January 6,2015 in Cell Reports. His team hoped that its new findings migh
28、t one day be used “to improve human health and lengthen human life”No other mammal is known to live as long as the bowhead. Scientists have shown that some of these whales have lived well beyond 100including one that survived to 211.Magalhes team wanted to understand how the bowhead can live so long
29、. To study this, the experts analyzed the animals complete set of genes, called its genome (基因组). The team also compared the whales genome to that of humans, mice and cows.The scientists discovered differences, including mutations (突变), in the whales genes. Those changes are linked to cancer, ageing
30、 and cell growth. The results suggest that the whales are better than humans at repairing their DNA. Thats important because damaged or flawed DNA can lead to diseases, including some cancers.Bowhead whales are also better at keeping abnormally dividing cells in check. Together, the changes appear t
31、o allow bowhead whales to live longer without developing agerelated diseases such as cancer, said Magalhes.12What do we learn about bowhead whales?ATheir average life is 100.BThey live in the Arctic Ocean.CThey dont have ageing problems.DThey are the longestlived animals.13Why did scientists map the
32、 genetic code of bowhead whales?ATo lengthen human life.BTo find out a cure for cancer.CTo prevent agerelated diseases.DTo discover the secret of long life.14What allows bowhead whales to live a longer and healthier life?ACell division.BGene mutation.CThe good DNA repair system.DPerfect living envir
33、onment.15In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment. BCulture.CEducation. DScientific research.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2020广州高三调研Learning to understand spoken English can be difficult. Learners must not only master new phrases, but a
34、lso learn conversational idioms. Thats a lot to learn! But they may soon realize there is something else going on. _16_ These different styles of speaking are called “registers”. In their work, language experts identify three major factors that affect the register of spoken English: the place of the
35、 conversation, the relationship between the speakers, and the purpose of the conversation._17_ Even two best friends who work and live together may speak more formally to each other in the office. At home, one might say, “Cmon, I wanna leave.” The same person at work might say, “Are you ready to go
36、now？”The relationship between the speakers also affects the language they use when talking with each other. People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers. _18_ People who know each other well might use more idioms and more slang in their speech. An angry woman might tell her d
37、aughter to “hush your mouth” and her sister to “quiet down”Finally, the purpose of the conversation affects peoples speech. A person who wants to ease hurt feelings uses a soft, quiet tone. _19_Few speakers realize that they change registers according to these factors. _20_ We are not aware that we
38、make these changes. We accept the changeability of the weather, but we often refuse to accept the changeability of speech.AIn fact, most people strongly deny it.BPeople generally speak less at work than they do at home.CThe very same person speaks differently in different situations.DTherefore, we s
39、hould be careful not to hurt each other with our speech.EOn the other hand, a person who wants to pick a fight speaks rapidly and loudly.FThe place where the conversation takes place directly affects the language of the conversation.GBecause they already share information and experience with friends
40、, they do not need to explain as much.50分阅读理解提分练(六)阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会广告波士顿景点介绍文章大意波士顿是家庭度假的绝佳去处，该文介绍了波士顿四个家庭度假可以去的景点，包括新英格兰水族馆、芬威公园、波士顿儿童博物馆以及昆西市场。1答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“This aquarium gives visitors the unique opportunity to pet sharks.”可知B项正确。2答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Red Sox”“Baseball”和“sport
41、s”可知，如果你对体育运动感兴趣可以去Fenway Park，故选A。3答案与解析：D考查写作意图。根据第一段第一句“Boston is an excellent place for a family vacation.”以及文中介绍的四个景点可知，作者写这篇文章旨在为家庭度假推荐几个好去处，故选D。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会热点事件动物园的饲养员救助动物的英勇事迹文章大意暖心故事成为新闻焦点澳大利亚森林大火持续蔓延，Mogo野生动物公园的饲养员们想方设法保护园内动物免遭大火侵害，甚至在自己家里收容需要额外居所的较小动物。4答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a local
42、zoo in New South Wales the state which is the easiest to catch fire has hit the headlines with a heartwarming story”可知，位于最易着火的新南威尔士州的一家动物园以一则暖心的故事成为新闻焦点。故选C。5答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“not a single animal is lost”可知，B选项“没有一只动物失踪”正确。根据第五段“Whats remarkable is that as the smaller ones needed extra shelter,
43、Staples decided to take them to his own house.”可知，该公园没有用来应对突发事件的额外的避难所，所以Staples才决定把较小的动物带回家，故D选项不对。6答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第五段内容可知，因为较小的动物需要额外的避难所，Staples就决定把它们带回自己家，由此可推知，Chad Staples是体贴的，故B项正确。irresponsible“不负责任的”；selfish“自私的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。文章颂扬了动物园的饲养员的事迹，而A、C两项是两个贬义词，首先排除，D选项与文章大意不符，故也排除。7答案与解析：D考查
44、标题判断。本文主要颂扬了Mogo野生动物公园的饲养员在森林大火持续蔓延之际，将较大的动物们转移到安全的地方，将较小的动物带到自己家里，从而保护它们免遭大火的侵害的英勇事迹，D项最适合作文章标题。本文的主旨是颂扬“人”的英勇事迹，这是文章的中心词。而A项的中心词是“工作”；B项的中心词是“大火”；C项的中心词是“动物”；D项的中心词是“动物园饲养员”，与文章中心词相符。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会社会文化西方国家间的文化差异文章大意本文主要介绍了西方国家间的文化差异，包括微笑和交流等方面。8答案与解析：A考查推理判断。作者在第二段中讲到了美国人、欧洲人对微笑的不同解读。据此可以推知，在西
45、方国家笑是与文化有关的，故A项正确。9答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Europeans are more straightforward.take a shower.”可知，欧洲人通常坦诚地表达自己，故选D。A项意为“绕圈子，拐弯抹角地讲话”。10答案与解析：B考查代词指代。画线词前的“Americans are extremely politically correct, which, in most cases, is indeed a secure and beneficial practice”与后面的“mess up daily or even private comm
46、unication”存在转折关系，又结合语境可推知，it指代的应该是美国人的这种政治正确性，故选B。11答案与解析：B考查推理判断。通读全文可知，作者通过分析美国人和欧洲人对微笑的不同解读以及通常在交际中的不同表现来展开文章。因此可推知，作者是通过作比较展开文章的，故选B。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科研发现弓头鲸的长寿秘诀文章大意该文介绍了英国利物浦大学的老年学专家Joo Pedro de Magalhes及其团队通过分析弓头鲸的基因组，并将其与人类、老鼠等的基因组比较之后发现，弓头鲸长寿的秘诀在于其更擅长修复DNA以及控制异常分裂的细胞。12答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段的
47、内容，尤其是第四句“The international effort found unusual features in the Arctic whales genes.”可推知，弓头鲸生活在北冰洋，故选B。由第一段第三句“Scientists have mapped the genetic code of this longlived whale species.”和第三段第一句“No other mammal is known to live as long as the bowhead.”可知，文章只是提到弓头鲸是一种长寿的鲸类，没有其他哺乳动物像弓头鲸一样长寿，并没有说弓头鲸是最长寿的
48、动物，故D项错误。另外，考生应特别注意选项中出现的最高级表达，这类选项过于绝对化，大多数情况下为错误选项。13答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“We hope to learn what is the secret of bowhead whales living longer, healthier lives”可知，Joo Pedro de Magalhes及其团队了解弓头鲸遗传密码信息的原因是要发现其长寿的秘诀，故D项正确。14答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第五段最后两句“The results suggest that the whales are better tha
49、n humans at repairing their DNA. Thats important because damaged or flawed DNA can lead to diseases, including some cancers.”可推知，弓头鲸更长寿且更健康的原因之一是其良好的DNA修复系统，故选C。15答案与解析：D考查文章出处。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Joo Pedro de Magalhes及其团队通过分析和对比的方法发现了弓头鲸长寿的秘诀，故本文可能出现在报纸的科学研究版块，故选D。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会人际交流影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因
50、素文章大意语言专家发现，影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素是：谈话的地点、说话者之间的关系以及谈话的目的。16答案与解析：C空后一句“These different styles of speaking are called registers”与C项中的“speaks differently in different situations”相呼应，说明同一个人在不同的情况下说话风格不同，故选C项。17答案与解析：F根据空后一句“Even two best friends who work and live together may speak more formally to each ot
51、her in the office.”可知，即使是一起工作和生活的两个最好的朋友，他们在办公室里交谈的方式也可能更正式；并结合该段所举的例子和第一段最后一句可知，本段应是讲述影响英语口语语体风格的因素之一谈话的地点，故F项与此处匹配。18答案与解析：G根据空前一句“People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers.”可知，人们对朋友说话不太正式，而对陌生人说话则比较正式。据此可推知，空处应是解释其原因，即因为他们已经和朋友分享了信息和经历，所以他们不需要解释太多。故G项正确。19答案与解析：E根据空前两句可知，谈话的目的会影响人们说话的方式；一个人想要缓解受伤的情感，就会使用轻柔的语调。据此可推知，空处与此相对，说明想找麻烦的人说话语速快且声音大，故E项正确。20答案与解析：A根据最后一段中的“Few speakers realize”“refuse to accept”可知，A项“事实上，大部分人强烈地否认它(说话风格的改变)”符合语境。
