1、Lesson 14News SummaryHere is a summary of the news. No general election yet says the Prime Minister. Five people die in an earthquake in central Italy. And 1/4 million is stolen from a security van. In a speech in the city of London last night, the Prime Minister announced that there will be no gene
2、ral election in the near future. Talk of a quick election was pure speculation, she said. A general election would be held when it was in the best interests of the nation to do so. In central Italy, several small towns and villages are still cut off by avalanches following the earthquake during the
3、night which killed five people. It was central Italys strongest earthquake for several years and hundreds of people have been made homeless. In Rome, as well as in Florence, Naples and Perugia, gas pipes were broken, windows shattered and electric cables thrown onto the streets. Thieves got away wit
4、h almost 1/4 million after a security van was ambushed in central London early this morning. The security van was rammed by a lorry as it was taking a short cut through a narrow street off Piccadilly. Three masked men then threatened the driver and his assistant with shotguns and forced one of them
5、to unlock the van. The thieves made their escape in a car parked nearby. This car was later found abandoned in south London. The driver of the van and his assistant were badly shaken but not seriously hurt. The flight recorder of the DC10 airliner which crashed in the Antarctic a fortnight ago has s
6、hown that the plane was flying normally just before impact. All two hundred and fifty-seven people on board the aircraft died when it hit the side of a volcano. The investigation into what happened is still going on. Voting is taking place today in the Euro-Constituency of London SouthWest. This by
7、election for the European Parliament is being held because of the death of the previous member, Mr. Harold Friend. At the last election Mr. Friend had a majority of 17,000 over his nearest opponent. Talks on a formula for ending the strike at Independent Television get under way in London this after
8、noon. Looking forward to the meeting, the General Secretary of the Association of Cinematograph, Television and Allied Technicians, Mr. Albert Tapper, said it was taking place on the basis of new proposals from the companies. He hoped it would lead to a basis for negotiations but he refused to specu
9、late on the chances of success. Fifteen people are to appear in court in Manchester today, following disturbances on a train bringing football supporters back from matches in London. Eye witnesses report that the trouble began when groups of rival supporters whose teams had both been playing London
10、clubs began to insult each other. After fighting had broken out police boarded the train just outside Manchester and arrests were made. British Rail have announced that they are considering withdrawing all soccer specials operating from Manchester.Task 1: Bearded LadyInterviewer: Tell me Mrs. Clark,
11、 how did you come to be a bearded lady? Mrs. Clark: Well, it all began when I started growing a beard. Interviewer: Mm . and when was that exactly? Mrs. Clark: Just after my fourth birthday, I believe. Interviewer: Really? As early as that? Didnt you see a doctor? Mrs. Clark: Oh, yes, my parents too
12、k me to dozens of specialists. Interviewer: And what did they have to say? Mrs. Clark: They just told me to shave. Interviewer: Thats all the advice they could give? So you started shaving? Mrs. Clark: Well, I was too young to be allowed to use a razor, and electric razors werent even thought of in
13、those days, so my dad used to shave me once a week before going to church on Sundays. Interviewer: And when did you stop shaving? Mrs. Clark: Oh, that would have been when I was around fifteen. You see it was growing at an enormous rate, something like five inches a day, I mean you could almost see
14、it growing, and it was so thick. I mean a razor or scissors were no use. Interviewer: So you . let it grow? Mrs. Clark: Well, it was taking so much time trying to keep it down and I was just wasting my time fighting a losing battle. So I thought . Ill just let it grow . and thats when I came to work
15、 in the circus. I was spotted by a talent scout. Interviewer: Do you . ever cut your beard now? Mrs. Clark: Oh, yes every week I chop off a few feet. I have to cut it or I fall over it if I dont remember to wrap it around my waist. Interviewer: (Laughs) What about the circus? How did you find it at
16、first, being stared at all day? Mrs. Clark: Well, I must admit it was a bit unnerving at first . what with people gaping at you as though you were a goldfish in a bowl. I used to feel like saying. Its all right, dear, its not that unusual, you know. Its only a bit of extra hair. Its not another head
17、 or something. But you get used to the pointing and laughing in the end. Dont hardly notice it any more. Even the jokes dont upset me now. Its a bit boring in fact, after thirty years, just sitting here all day being stared at. But still theres always the breaks. and then the Ten-Foot Woman and the
18、Midget from next door come in for a cup of tea and a chat, that passes the time nicely. Interviewer: Would you say there were any advantages to having a fifteen-foot long beard? Mrs. Clark: Well, my husband says it keeps his toes warm on cold nights.Task 2: At a Youth CentrePaul: Anyone want another
19、 Coke or something? James: I think were all drinking Paul . thanks just the same. Darley: I was thinking . What would you youngsters do without the youth centre? Youd be pretty lost, wouldnt you? Paul: Huh! Its all right I suppose. But Im telling you . we dont need no bloody youth club to find somet
20、hing to do. Me . well . I only come when theres a dance on. Them berks what come all the time . well . they need their heads examined. If I want to drink . well theres the pub, isnt there. Mrs. Brent: But how old are you Paul? Sixteen? You cant drink in pubsits illegal. Paul: No barmans ever turned
21、me out yet. Anyway . thanks for the drink. What about a dance, Denise? Denise: I dont mind. Paul: Come on then. Finchley: Er . Would you care to dance, Mrs. Brent? Mrs. Brent: Thank you . but no. The music isnt of my generation. You know . the generation gap. When I was young Id never have dared spe
22、ak as Paul just did. Especially with a clergyman present. James: What sort of world do you think we live in Mrs. Brent? Its part of my job to know people . and especially young people . as they are. Mrs. Brent: Please dont misunderstand me. I only thought it offensive. If my own son . James: Oh, Im
23、used to it. In a sense I feel its a kind of compliment that . Darley: Compliment? James: Dont get me wrong. Paul feels free to express himself with me just as he would with his friends. He accepts me as a kind of friend. Finchley: And really the so-called generation gap is a myth you know. Teenagers
24、 arent really so different. As a teacher I find them quite traditional in their attitudes. Darley: But look at the way they dress . and their hair! James: You havent got the point I think. Those things are quite superficial. I agree with Mr. Finchley . Basically their attitudes are very similar to t
25、hose of my generation. Darley: So you approve of the kind of language we heard from Paul just now . James: Now I didnt say that. Anyway the concepts of approval and disapproval tend to over simplify matters. Every generation creates its . its own special language . just as it creates its own styles
26、in clothes and music. Mrs. Brent: Its just that . er . the styles and habits of todays teenagers are so . well basically . so unacceptable. Finchley: You mean unacceptable to you. Mrs. Brent: No . I mean unacceptable to the rest of society. Darley: When you come to think of it . I mean Im always on
27、at my boy about his clothes . James: So you find them unacceptable too. Darley: No . just let me finish. I was about to say that in fact his clothes are very practical . very simple. Finchley: Anyway . the generation gap is non-existent. I mean . the idea of teenagers . of a teenage generation that
28、. which has rejected the values of its parents for a sort of mixture of violence and lethargy . well . its totally unrealistic. Mrs. Brent: I do wish you had a teenage son or daughter of your own, Mr. Finchley. Finchley: But I have more contact with them . Mrs. Brent: Im not implying that you have n
29、o understanding of their problems. Finchley: My contact with them . as a teacher of English . is close. You see we have regular discussions . and they very often carry on after school and here at the youth centre. Youd find them interesting. You could come and sit in sometime if you like. Darley: Th
30、atd be interesting. Mrs. Brent: Id be too embarrassed to say anything. Finchley: I dont mean theres any need for you to take part in the discussion. Just listen. And youd realize I think just how traditional their attitudes are. James: For example? Finchley: For example . you probably wouldnt think
31、so but the majority have . a firm belief in marriage . and in the family. Darley: Those are things Ive never talked about with my boy. Finchley: And one very clear . very notable thing is that theyre always looking for opportunities to help others . Mrs. Brent: Well, Tony doesnt help much in the hou
32、se . Finchley: . to help others that is who really need help. Not just helping with the washing-up, Mrs. Brent. Anyway . another point thats come out of the discussions is that nearly all of themabout 90 per cent I should sayget on well with their parents. Mrs. Brent: Oh but I . Finchley: Most disag
33、reements seem to be over hair and general appearance. James: And weve called those superficial. Finchley: Exactly. Darley: I like the idea of sitting in on a discussion. Ill take you up on that. Finchley: Fine. And Mrs Brent. As you would find it embarrassing . Mrs. Brent: Well I . I didnt really me
34、an embarrassing. Its just that . you know . Finchley: Theres a book you ought to read . published by The National Childrens Bureau. Its called Britains Sixteen-Year-Olds. Ill lend you my copy. Mrs. Brent: Thats very kind of you. Look, Id better be going. From the way my sons dancing hell be at it al
35、l night. Darley: Have you got a car, Mrs. Brent? Mrs. Brent: No. Theres a bus. Darley: Then please let me give you a lift. Mrs. Brent: I wouldnt want to take you out of your way. Darley: Not at all. Anyway . we have to take an example from the youngsters, dont we? Helping those in need I mean . Well
36、 . well say good night . Voices: Good night.Recognizing the Main Idea1. How was trade conducted, then, without money to pay for goods? The answer is by bartering. Bartering is the process by which trade takes place through the exchange of goods. Money is not used as payment. Instead, one good is tra
37、ded for another good. 2. As trade became more common as a result of peoples interdependence upon one another, it was necessary to develop or invent a more convenient method of payment. Consequently, a new form of exchange medium, money, was introduced into society. 3. Of course, the evolution from a
38、 total barter society to one that was totally monetized did not occur overnight. In fact, today there are still societies that are not monetized, although they account for an insignificant amount of world trade. In the interim between a barter world and a monetized world, both systems operated toget
39、her. 4. As I stated earlier, money has a specific value, but due to certain conditions, the moneyor currency, as money is referred toof some countries is more valuable than that of other countries. 5. It is difficult to give examples of barter deals because in most cases the terms of the contract ar
40、e not disclosed. In some cases, we dont hear about barter transactions simply because they work so well. If one company has arranged a profitable exchange, it will be very quiet about it so that its competitors will not come in and try to make a better deal. 6. It is unlikely that the world will revert to a totally barter-oriented existence, but until the economic disorder that is present in todays world is remedied, bartering will probably become increasingly important as an exchange medium.