1、上海市交通大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期中试题（含解析）. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked, A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that beast completes the sentence.1. David has made great progress recently. _, and _.A. So he has so you hav
2、eB. So he has so have youC. So has he so do youD. So has he so you have【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查so+助动词+主语和so+主语+助动词的区别。句意：大卫最近进步很大。是的，他的进步很大，你的进步也很大。第一空so+主语+助动词用来加强语气，表示“的确如此”，第二空so+助动词+主语用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，so后的助动词/情态动词/系动词必须与前一句的谓语动词保持一致，故B项正确。2.You should take control of your life _ it is planning cou
3、rsework or picking a major.A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论是计划课程学习还是选择专业，你都应该掌控自己的生活。结合句意此处whetheror“无论还是”引导的让步状语从句。故选B。3.Although there is more female participation in IT workforce,_ a significant imbalance of male and female senior positions.A. it remainsB. t
4、here remainsC. there remainingD. that remains【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查存在句的其他句型和时态、主谓一致。句意：虽然有更多的女性参与到IT工作中，但男性和女性高级职位仍然存在严重的不平衡。结合句意表示“（某处）仍然存在有”，句型为there remain表达客观事实用一般现在时，存在句主谓一致遵循就近一致原则，根据后文的a significant imbalance of male可知，remain用第三人称单数。故选B。4.Out of suffering _.A. have emerged the strongest soulsB. emer
5、ged the strongest souls haveC. have the strongest souls emergedD. the strongest souls have emerged【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查倒装。句意：只有苦难才能铸就坚强的灵魂。分析句子可知，当由介词短语作状语前置到句首表强调或保持句子平衡或使上下文紧密衔接时，要用完全倒装语序，即将整个谓语放在主语之前。故选A项。5.They didnt discover until they happened to enter the back room _ someone had stolen the priceles
6、s painting.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. when【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：直到他们碰巧进入后屋，才发现有人偷了那幅无价的画。分析句子可知，“有人偷了那幅无价的画”在句中作动词discover的宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，而宾语从句中又不缺少任何成分，所以用连接词that引导该宾语从句。因为that在名词性从句中不做成分，无词意，而其它几个选项都是要在从句中做一定的句子成分的。故选A。6.The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning fo
7、r them than _.A. that for usB. it has for usC. it did for usD. it did for ours【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查比较状语从句和句子结构。句意：这个研究项目的目的比起我们来说对于他们有着更不同的意义。根据句意不难还原出完整的句子应该是“The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than the meaning that the purpose of the research project has for us
8、”，其中主语The purpose of the research project已经出现要用it代替，而后句中同一主语同一谓语后的the meaning也需要省略。故选B项。7. _, his ideas was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might soundD. Strange as it might sound【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查倒装和让步状语从句。句意：尽管听起来奇怪，但是
9、他的想法被所有参加会议的人接受了。as引导让步状语从句时，要用倒装。规则为：将作表语的形容词或名词，作状语的副词提前或者将动词或分词提前。其余部分语序不变。在该题中，strange是表语，所以要提前，置于句首，故D选项正确。8. Did Bob take the job in the supermarket? No, but I think he _.A. will haveB. may haveC. should haveD. must have【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：Bob去干超市的工作了吗？没有，但我觉得他应该去。分析句意可知，从回答者b
10、ut的语气中不难推断，想表达的是Bob本应该去超市工作但事实上他没有去，要用should have done表示“过去应该做而未做”。故选C项。9.The Qingming Festival, now a national holiday, allows more people to pay their respects to dead relatives on would otherwise be a workday like Friday.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. what【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意: 清明节，现在是一个国家节日，允许更多的
11、人在周五这样的工作日向死去的亲人表达敬意。介词 on 后跟的是宾语从句。宾语从句缺主语应用 what。A、C选项是关系副词，不能做主语。that 在宾语从句中不做句子成分。故选D。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词在从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。10._ in the northwest of China, Xian is seen as the birth
12、place of the countrys civilization.A. LocatingB. Being locatedC. To locateD. Located【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坐落于中国西北，西安被视为华夏文明的发祥地。分析句子结构可知，空白处的动词locate作后句的状语，locate与主语Xian之间是被动关系（be located in），要用过去分词形式。故选D项。11._ has recently been done to provide more buses, a shortage of public vehicles remains a s
13、erious problem.A. ThatB. WhatC. In spite of whatD. Though what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查状语。句意：尽管近期已经有了提供更多公交车的举措，但公共交通工具的短缺仍然是个大问题。分析句子结构可知，后句成分完整且前后句用逗号连接，前句只能作状语，排除A、B选项。D选项用though引导状语从句，但只有what has recently been done这一个名词性的成分是不成句子的。只有C选项用短语in spite of可以构成状语。故选C项。12.Anyone who wants to can call any timepiece
14、 a clock, but technically speaking, only _ ones ring out the time actually deserve the name.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whicheverD. wherever【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：任何人都可以把任何时钟叫做钟，但是技术上来说，只有那些报时的钟才配得上这个名字。分析句子结构可知，空白处与其后的ones ring out the time一起作主语，需要一个连接词，其中考虑空白处作定语修饰主语ones，要用whichever表示“无论哪个”。在意义上
15、大致相当于 the person or the thing that。故选C项。13.Along with enthusiasm for composing music _ his devotion to cultivating young peoples passion for music.A. comeB. comesC. comingD. to come【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装。句意：除了对作曲的热情，他还致力于培养年轻人对音乐的热情。当由介词短语作状语前置到句首表强调或保持句子平衡或使上下文紧密衔接，要用完全倒装语序，此时句中缺少谓语动词，主语是his devotio
16、n要视为第三人称单数，符合的选项只有B选项。故选B项。14.The literature masterpiece Macbeth by Shakespeare will be better understood if readers look at the tragedy in the historical _ of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, an era of relative stability.A. contentB. contestC. contextD. contact【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：读者们如果关注伊
17、丽莎白一世和詹姆斯一世那段相对稳定的时代的历史背景下的悲剧，就能更好地理解莎士比亚的文学著作麦克白。A. content内容；B. contest比赛；C. context环境，上下文；D. contact联系。这里联系the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods，要用historical context表示“历史背景”。故选C项。15.Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazons Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _ for disaster to some, because AI
18、-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.A. topicB. shortcutC. cureD. recipe【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让虚拟助手(比如亚马逊的Alexa)照顾你的家，对某些人来说无异于一场灾难，因为人工智能系统可能会表现出不可预测的行为，这些行为可能具有破坏性、混乱性、攻击性，甚至是危险的。A. topic话题；B.shortcut捷径；C.
19、cure治愈；D. recipe配方。分析句子可知，显然让虚拟助手掌握实权带来的是不好的结果，也就是导致了灾难的发生，a recipe for disaster“后患无穷”。故选D项。16.President Donald Trumps first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and the media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _ from tradition.A. departureB. benefitC. escapeD. lesson【答案】A【解析】【详解】
20、考查名词。句意：唐纳德特朗普总统的第一次国宴排除了国会民主党议员和媒体，许多人批评这是对传统的背离。A. departure背离，违反；B. benefit益处；C. escape逃跑，逃避；D. lesson课，教训。分析句子可知，此处表示的意思是“国宴排除了国会民主党议员和媒体是对传统的背离”，故选A。Section B(A)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word
21、 more than you need. The view that the spirit of adventure no longer has any scope for its enterprise seems, at first glance, depressingly true. The highest mountains have been scaled; the deepest seas plumbed. Maps today no longer contain huge blanks marked Unknown Territory, nor do they make rando
22、m guesses at the shapes of _17_ land-masses. All major journeys of exploration to _18_ the true shape and nature of the globe have been made in the past. It was left to us to fill in the details with _19_ which once would have been considered impossible. The gaps have been _20_. What next?The obviou
23、s answer, of course, is that man is now looking upwards into space. Discoveries are being made at such a tremendous rate that even authors of science-fiction are finding it difficult to keep up with them and have to tax their imagination to invent bigger and better space-craft. Satellites sending si
24、gnals as they swing round our globe have become _21_. Astronauts have successfully landed on the moon and its entire surface has been photographed. The information that satellites may provide fueling stations for manned rockets no longer strikes us as preposterous. If thirty years ago, a scientist h
25、as urged that we send messages into outer space in the hope of receiving an answer, he would have been regarded as either irresponsible or mad. Now, anything seems _22_. From dreams like these, we return to earth with a bump. Trips into space are all very well, but they are not for us; we must _23_
26、ourselves with our own, much-traveled world. The earth itself is the training-ground for adventurous spirits, for adventure need not mean the seeking out of something new. A person can be called adventurous when he finds out something for himself, and it does not matter how many times the discovery
27、has been made before. No one would say that men who set out now to cross the forbidding Antarctic are less enterprising than their predecessors who tried to do the same thing. The little boy who climbs the small hill that _24_ his town, or even he who tries to climbs and fails, has precisely the sam
28、e spirit that led Hillary to climb Everest. For the bold spirit and inquiring mind, there are inexhaustible possibilities. So long as there are people willing to _25_ places that are well-known, there will be those who will, one day, set foot on remote and _26_ shores.【答案】17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G 21.
29、 A 22. F 23. B 24. I 25. J 26. K【解析】这是一篇议论文。有一种观点认为，冒险精神已不再具有进取精神，乍一看，这似乎是令人沮丧的事实。文章通过论述，驳斥了这种观点。对于大胆的精神和探究的头脑，有无尽的可能。太空探索尤其如此。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：今天的地图不再包含标有“未知领土”的巨大空白，也不再随机猜测遥远大陆的形状。空处修饰名词land-masses，应用形容词。表示“遥远的”，应用distant。故选D。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：所有确定地球真实形状和性质的主要旅行都是在过去进行的。to _2_ the true shape and natur
30、e of the globe是动词不定式作定语，修饰all major journeys of exploration，空处应用动词原形，表示“确定”，用动词determine。故选C。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：于是就由我们来填补探险的细节，而这些探险在过去被认为是不可能的。空处作介词with的宾语，应用名词。表示“探险”，用名词expedition。它是可数名词，空前没有冠词，应用复数形式。故选E。【20题详解】考查过去分词。句意：空白已经被填补。结合前一句中的“It was left to us to fill in the details”可知，该句表达的意思是：空白已经被填补。th
31、e gaps和fill之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态为：have been done。故空处应填过去分词。故选G。【21题详解】考查句意：在绕地球旋转时发送信号的卫星已经变得很常见了。空处作become的表语，应用形容词。表示“常见的”，应用commonplace。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意：现在，一切似乎都是可行的。该段前半部分提到：如果三十年前，一位科学家敦促我们向外太空发送信息以希望得到答案，他会被认为是不负责任或疯了。而卫星的存在使得这一切变得可行。故该句表达意思应为：现在，一切似乎都是可行的。空处作seem的表语，应用形容词。表示“可行的”，应用f
32、easible。故选F。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：我们必须满足于我们自己的、经常旅行的世界。前一句提到：进入太空旅行很好，但它们却不是为我们准备的。由此推知，该句想表达的意思为：我们必须满足于我们自己的、经常旅行的世界。must是情态动词，后面接动词原形。表示“满意，满足”，应用content。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词。句意：那个爬上俯瞰他家乡的小山丘的小男孩，甚至是那个试图攀登却失败的小男孩，都有着引领希拉里攀登珠穆朗玛峰的同样的精神。表示“俯瞰”， 应用动词overlook。that _8_ his town是定语从句，修饰the small hill，空处在从句中作谓语，根据主
33、谓一致原则，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选I。【25题详解】考查动词。句意：只要有人愿意重新发现那些著名的地方，总有一天，会有人踏上那遥远而无迹可循的海岸。be willing to do是固定句式，空处应用动词原形。表示“重新发现”，应用rediscover。故选J。【26题详解】考查形容词。句意：只要有人愿意重新发现那些著名的地方，总有一天，会有人踏上那遥远、无足迹的海岸。空处和remote并列，修饰名词shores，应用形容词。表达“没有足迹的”，应用trackless。故选K。(B)Directions: Complete the following passage by usin
34、g the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. NASA is on a journey to Mars, with a goal of sending humans to the Red Planet in the 2030s. That journey is already well under way. For decades, the agency and its partners have sent orbiters, la
35、nders and rovers（探测器）, _27_ increasing our knowledge about the Red Planet and paving the way for future human explorers. The Curiosity rover has gathered radiation data to help us protect future astronauts, and the upcoming Mars 2020 rover will study the _28_ of Martian resources, including oxygen.
36、Building on the robotic legacy（遗产）, the human exploration of Mars crosses three thresholds（门槛）, each with _29_ challenges as humans move farther from Earth: Earth Reliant, the Proving Ground, and Earth Independent. Earth Reliant explorations is _30_ on research aboard the International Space Station
37、. The orbiting microgravity laboratory serves as a world - class test bed for the technologies and communications systems needed for human missions to deep space. Astronauts are learning about what it takes to live and work in space for long periods of time improving our understanding of how the bod
38、y changes in space and how to protect astronauts health. Next, we move into the Proving Ground, _31_ a series of missions near the moon called “cislunar space” to test the capabilities we will need to live and work at Mars. Astronauts on the space station are only hours away from Earth, but the prov
39、ing ground is days away, a(n) _32_ stepping stone to a Mars mission, which will be months away from home. Also in the 2020s, well send astronauts on a year-long mission into this deep space proving ground, confirming habitation and testing our _33_ for Mars. Finally, we become Earth Independent, bui
40、lding on the knowledge _34_ on the space station and in deep space to send humans to low-Mars orbit in the early 2030s. This phase will also test the entry, descent（降落）and landing techniques needed to get to the Martin surface and study whats needed for in-situ resource utilization or living off the
41、 land. NASA is already studying the _35_ Exploration Zones on Mars that would offer compelling science research and provide resources our astronauts can use. There are challenges to _36_ Mars, but we know they are solvable. We are well on our way to getting there, landing there, and living there.【答案
42、】27. D 28. B 29. F 30. E 31. C 32. J 33. K 34. A 35. H 36. I【解析】这是一篇说明文。美国国家航空航天局(NASA)正在进行火星之旅，目标是在本世纪30年代将人类送上火星。这一旅程已经开始了。文章主要介绍了人类对火星的探索需要跨越的一些挑战：依赖地球、试验场和独立于地球。【27题详解】考查副词。句意：几十年来，该机构及其合作伙伴发射了轨道飞行器、着陆器和探测车，极大地增加了我们对这颗红色星球的了解，并为未来人类探索铺平了道路。该空修饰动词increase，应用副词。表示“显著地，急剧地，极大地”，应用dramatically。故选D。【
43、28题详解】考查名词。句意：好奇号漫游者已经收集了辐射数据，以帮助我们保护未来的宇航员，而即将到来的火星2020漫游者将研究火星资源的可用性。该空作study的宾语，且空前有定冠词the，应用名词。表示“可用性”，应用availability。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词。句意：在机器人的基础上，人类对火星的探索跨越了三个门槛，随着人类离地球越来越远，每个门槛都面临着逐渐增长的挑战：依赖地球、试验场和独立于地球。空处修饰名词challenges，应用形容词。表示“增加的，增长的”，应用形容词growing，故选F。【30题详解】考查固定短语。句意：“地球依赖探索”专注于国际空间站上的研究。
44、表示“专注于；以为中心”，应用be focused on。故选E。【31题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接下来，我们进入试验场，在月球附近实施一系列名为“地月空间”的任务，以测试我们在火星生活和工作所需的能力。表示“进行，实施任务“，应用动词conduct，“_5_ a series of missions near the moon called “cislunar space”作伴随状语，主语we和conduct之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：空间站上的宇航员离地球只有几小时的路程，但试验场要几天的时间，这可能是前往火星任务的垫脚石。该空修饰名词s
45、tepping stone，应用形容词。表示“可能的”，应用potential。故选J。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：同样在21世纪20年代，我们将派遣宇航员到这个深空试验场执行为期一年的任务，确认居住地点并测试我们对火星所做的准备工作。our_7_作test的宾语，应用名词。表示“准备”，应用readiness。故选K。【34题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我们成为独立的地球人，以在空间站和深空获得的知识为基础，在本世纪30年代早期把人类送到火星低轨道。表示“获得”，应用动词acquire。_8_ on the space station and in deep space作定语，修饰t
46、he knowledge。the knowledge和acquire之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词。句意：美国宇航局已经在研究火星上的自然“探索区”，这将提供引人注目的科学研究和我们的宇航员可以使用的资源。空处修饰名词Exploration Zones，应用形容词。表示“自然的”，应用natural。故选H。【36题详解】考查动名词。句意：开拓火星有挑战，但我们知道它们是可以解决的。表示“开拓”，应用动词pioneer。表示“针对的挑战”，用the/a challenge to sth.。to是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故选I。. Reading C
47、omprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Green Collar SectionWhat is ecotourism? According to the International Ecotourism Society, ecotourism
48、 can be defined as responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and _37_ the well-being of local people. That is to say, most ecotourism experiences are _38_ at helping people to foster an appreciation of the environment, the conservation of wildlife, plants and resources, and
49、respect and understanding of native _39_. Ecotourism is socially important because it provides a way for people to travel responsibly, and to learn about and respect the environment of these natural places. Ideally, ecotourism professionals organize and _40_ an experience that demonstrates local env
50、ironmental sustainability and cultural sensitivity for travelers. At the university level, ecotourism programs are usually found in environmental science and recreation management departments. Students learn basic knowledge about different _41_ of tourism (such as accommodation, transportation, busi
51、ness, organization, and hospitality) as well as conservational issues (such as _42_ protection for wildlife and rational _43_ of resources). And in more advanced programs, students will focus on nature-based education, such as and ecological issues. _44_, it is also helpful, and sometimes _45_, to b
52、e fluent in a foreign language, or students will not be able to hold a global insight. After graduation, it is also _46_ for students to receive further career training programs, such as Group Dynamics for Ecotourism, Green Event Planning, Natural Resource Assessment and Planning, Intercultural Comm
53、unications, Wilderness & Remote First Aid, etc, in order to become better adaptable to the updating job requirement. As the threat to our planet _47_ in many communities, their inhabitants are becoming more interested in the natural world around them and in ways to conserve the environment. Ecotouri
54、sm is growing at three times the _48_ of the tourism sector itself, and demanding more knowledgeable workers _49_ to sustainability. Jobs in ecotourism can be highly risky and adventurous, but also limited by season. Green travel employes generally work for private companies, government and pubic in
55、stitutions, and nonprofits. Salaries in ecotourism _50_ from field to field, but it helps to have a degree and some experience. Group leaders and travel guides are responsible for guiding tours through the ecosystems of various destinations _51_ pointing out the benefits of green travel and a green
56、lifestyle. Leaders and guides come from a wide range of backgrounds. Many will have experience in the tourism industry, while some will be scientists looking for positions in education.37. A. dominatesB. cultivatesC. ruinsD. sustains38. A. boundB. aimedC. intendedD. destined39. A. peoplesB. language
57、sC. bondsD. habitats40. A. alterB. tasteC. executeD. undergo41. A. propertiesB. advantagesC. opinionsD. respects42. A. deserveB. reserveC. preserveD. conserve43. A. exhaustionB. fulfillmentC. advantageD. exploitation44. A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. LikewiseD. After all45. A. controlledB. requestedC. se
58、lectiveD. compulsory46. A. applicableB. obligedC. criticalD. subtle47. A. turns downB. turns upC. turns offD. turns on48. A. rateB. widthC. scaleD. extension49. A. devotingB. contributedC. adaptingD. committed50. A. countB. differentC. rangeD. vary51. A. whileB. becauseC. even ifD. if【答案】37. D 38. B
59、 39. A 40. C 41. D 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. C 51. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游的意义、人才培养和发展方向。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游可以定义为对自然地区负责任的旅行，保护环境和维持当地人民的福祉。A. dominates支配；B. cultivates培育；C. ruins毁灭；D. sustains保持。根据空后的“the well-being of local people”可知，生态旅游维持当地人民的福祉，故D项正确。【38题详解】考查动词词义
60、辨析。句意：也就是说，大多数生态旅游的目的是帮助游客欣赏（认识）当地环境，保护野生动植物和资源，尊重和理解当地人。A. bound约束；B. aimed目的在于；C. intended打算；D. destined注定。空后的“at helping people to foster an appreciation of the environment, the conservation of wildlife, plants and resources, and respect and understanding of native _3_.”是生态旅游的目的，be aimed at表示“旨在、
61、目的在于”，故B项正确。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. people人民；B. languages语言；C. bonds纽带；D. habitats栖息地。根据空前的“respect and understanding of native”可知此处指“尊重和理解当地人”，故A项正确。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：理想情况下，生态旅游专业人员会组织并执行一种体验，向游客展示当地环境的可持续性和文化敏感性。A. alter改变；B. taste品尝；C. execute实行、执行；D. undergo经历。根据空前的“ecotourism professionals org
62、anize”可知，生态旅游专业人员会组织并执行一种体验，故C项正确。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生学习生态旅游的不同方面(如住宿、交通、商业、组织、接待等)的基本知识和保护问题(如保护野生动物和合理开采资源)。A. properties属性；B. advantages优势；C. opinions观点；D. respects方面。空后的“(such as accommodation, transportation, business, organization, and hospitality) as well as conservational issues (such as _6
63、_ protection for wildlife and rational _7_ of resources).”是生态旅游的几个方面，故D项正确。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. deserving应得；B. reserving预订；C. preserving保留；D. conserving保护。根据空后的“protection for wildlife”可知此处指“保护野生动物”，空前的“conservational”也是提示，故D项正确。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. exhaustion耗尽；B. fulfillment履行；C. advantage优势
64、；D. exploitation开发、开采。根据空后的“of resources”可知此处指“合理开采资源”，故D项正确。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，熟练掌握一门外语也很有帮助，有时甚至是必须的，否则学生将无法拥有全球性的洞察力。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Likewise同样地；D. After all毕竟。空前说学生学习生态旅游的不同方面，结合空后的“it is also helpful, and sometimes _9_, to be fluent in a foreign language”可知，此外，熟练掌握一门外语对学习生态旅游
65、的学生也很有帮助，故A项正确。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. controlled受控制的；B. requested被请求的；C. selective选择性的；D. compulsory义务的、必须的。根据空后的“or students will not be able to hold a global insight.”可知，否则学生将无法拥有全球性的洞察力，这说明他们被要求必须熟练掌握一门外语，故D项正确。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，学生接受进一步的职业培训也是至关重要的。A. applicable可应用的；B. obliged必须的；C. criti
66、cal至关重要的；D. subtle微妙的。根据空后的“for students to receive further career training programs”可知，毕业后，学生接受进一步的职业培训也至关重要，故C项正确。【47题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着对地球的威胁在许多社区出现，那里的居民对周围的自然世界和保护环境的方式越来越感兴趣。A. turns down拒绝；B. turns up出现、发生；C. turns off关掉；D. turns on打开。根据空前的“the threat to our planet”可知，对地球的威胁在许多社区出现，故B项正确。【48题详
67、解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游的发展规模是旅游业本身的三倍，需要更多有知识的工作人员适应可持续发展。A. rate等级；B. width广度；C. scale规模；D. extension延伸。根据空后的“demanding more knowledgeable workers”可知，生态旅游需要更多有知识的工作人员，这说明它的发展规模是旅游业本身的三倍，故C项正确。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. devoting致力；B. contributed贡献；C. adapting适应；D. committed承诺。根据空后的“to sustainability”可知，生态旅游
68、需要更多有知识的工作人员以适应可持续的发展方向，故C项正确。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生态旅游的薪水因领域不同而不等，但拥有学位和一些经验是有帮助的。A. count数数；B. different不同的；C. range在内变动；D. vary变化。根据空后的“from field to field”可知，生态旅游的薪水从一个领域到另一个领域不等，range from表示“在从到范围内变动”故C项正确。【51题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：领队和导游负责带领游客游览不同目的地的生态系统，同时指出绿色旅游和绿色生活方式的好处。A. while与同时；B. because因为；C. e
69、ven if即使；D. if如果。根据空后的“pointing out the benefits of green travel and a green lifestyle”可知，领队和导游负责带领游客游览不同目的地的生态系统的同时要指出绿色旅游和绿色生活方式的好处，故A项正确。【点睛】本篇第6空C项preserving的干扰性较大，虽然preserve和conserve都有“保护”之意，但preserve强调保护物品等不被破坏、维持现状，常用于保护文物；conserve则强调保护自然资源，根据空后的“protection for wildlife”可知此处指“保护野生动物”，空前的“cons
70、ervational”也是提示，即：学生学习旅游的不同方面(如住宿、交通、商业、组织、接待等)的基本知识和保护问题(如保护野生动物和合理开采资源)，故D项（conserving）正确。Section BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that
71、 fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years go. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a grea
72、t speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a st
73、ormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and ma
74、tters that are close to peoples hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pa
75、ndemic（流行病）was announced, the idea of swine flu scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with, but a speech that pays tribute to the los
76、s of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonnas speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. Its not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surp
77、risingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If youre taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at
78、 college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.
79、 Great speaking ability is not something were born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules, you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.52. The author thinks t
80、he spoken word is still irreplaceable because _.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.53. Which of the following statements
81、is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers speeches.D. Speeche
82、s paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.54. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the authors view on great speaking ability?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and
83、practice.55. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.【答案】52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了不同类型演讲在正式场合以及我们生活中的作用。【52题详解】细节理解题。由第二段的“The spo
84、ken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.”可知，演讲具有很多功能和作用，包括劝说、激励、科普、致敬、娱乐、简单介绍等等，演讲的这些作用决定了它的不可替代。故选D项。【53题详解】细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“Informative speeches from World Health
85、Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. ”可知，世界卫生组织的科普性演讲抑制住了人们对于流行病的恐慌，所以B项正确；由第三段最后一句“During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. ”可知，战前将军的激励演讲可以让军队做好备战，鼓舞士气，所以C项正确；由第五段的“Sad events are never
86、 easy to deal with, but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting.”可知，哀悼和歌颂具有安慰作用，故D项正确。综上，不正确的为A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.(在世界论坛上的发言可以有效地解决世界问题。)。故选A项。【54题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段的“To lear
87、n those rules, you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.”可知，出色的演讲能力需要训练，也需要学习借鉴一些过去的优秀演讲。故选D项。【55题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文内容可知，文章先总体说明了演讲的各种功能作用，然后分类介绍了正式场合下不同演讲的作用以及生活中演讲的作用，属于总分结构的文章，文章主旨在段首和第二段演讲不可替代，演讲有很多功能。故选B项。【点睛】主旨大意题难度相对较大，解体的时候要避免以偏概全及扩大范围。在解答主旨大意题时，可以结合文章结构进行分析，常见的文章
88、结构有总-分-总，总-分，分-总等等，如果文章符合这些结构，往往第一段或最后一段就是文章的主旨。如第4小题，就可以从文章的总-分结构出发，将中心内容锁定在第一段和第二段。(B)Railair LinkHealthrow Airport (All terminals) Reading Dec 1st, 2014 to Jan. 31st, 2015Mondays to FridaysTerminal 4 depart Terminal 2 depart Terminal 3 depart Terminal 1 depart Reading arrive 0635 0645 0652 0700 0
89、750 0730 0720 0727 0735 08350750 0800 0807 0815 09050820 0830 0837 0845 0935then at the same minutes past each hour until 2150 2200 2207 2215 23052250 2300 2307 2315 0005Saturdays and Sundays (Also Bank Holidays) Terminal 4 depart Terminal 2 depart Terminal 3 depart Terminal 1 depart Reading arrive0
90、650 0700 0707 0715 08050720 0730 0737 0745 08350750 0800 0807 0815 0905then at the same minutes past each hour until 2150 2200 2207 2215 23052250 2300 2307 2315 0005For more information please telephone Reading 0734 6756778The British Railway Board accepts no responsibility for any inaccuracy in the
91、 information contained in this guide, which may be altered at any time without notice. Published by InterCity, a business section of the British Railway Board. Railair LinkReading Heathrow Airport (All terminals) Dec 1st, 2014 to Jan. 31st, 2015Mondays to FridaysReading arrive Terminal 4 depart Term
92、inal 2 depart Terminal 3 depart Terminal 1 depart 0530 0615 0617 0620 06300600 0645 0647 0650 07000630 0730 0732 0735 07450700 0800 0802 0805 08150730 0830 0832 0835 08450800 0900 0902 0905 09150845 0930 0932 0935 09450915 1000 1002 1005 1015then at the same minutes past each hour until 2045 2130 21
93、32 2135 21452145 2230 2232 2235 2245Saturdays and Sundays (Also Bank Holidays)Reading arrive Terminal 4 depart Terminal 2 depart Terminal 3 depart Terminal 1 depart 0545 0630 0632 0635 06450615 0700 0702 0705 07150645 0730 0732 0735 0745then at the same minutes past each hour until 2045 2130 2132 21
94、35 21452145 2230 2232 2235 2245Customers should check in at the Railair waiting-room at Reading Station at least 15 minutes before departure of the coach. Please purchase a ticket before boarding the coach. 56. On December 25th, 2014, the first coach from Heathrow Terminal 1 to Reading departs at _.
95、A. 7:15B. 7:00C. 6:50D. 6:3557. If you are to reach Terminal 2 of the Heathrow Airport before 10:00 a.m., you need to get to Reading Station not later than _.A. 8:20 a.m.B. 8:45 a.m.C. 9:00 a.m.D. 9:15 a.m.58. The information leaflet is produced by _.A. ReadingB. InterCityC. Railair LinkD. Heathrow
96、Airport59. According to the timetable, all passengers should _.A. buy return ticketsB. buy their tickets on the busC. buy the tickets onlineD. buy their tickets in advance【答案】56. A 57. A 58. B 59. D【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。介绍了英国铁路局的商业部门InterCity发布的Reading和Heathrow Airport之间往返的航班信息、咨询电话和注意事项。【56题详解】细节理解题。Decem
97、ber 25th, 2014属于节假日，从题干中的from Heathrow Terminal 1 to Reading可以定位在第一个表格Saturdays and Sundays (Also Bank Holidays)部分；根据the first coach 定位在第一行，Terminal 1 depart下对应的第一行是0715，故选A。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据题干可知是从Reading出发去Heathrow Airport，应该定位在第二个表格；根据before 10:00 a.m 应该定位在Terminal 2 depart下的0932 ，对应的Reading arrive时
98、间是0845。根据文章最后Customers should check in at the Railair waiting-room at Reading Station at least 15 minutes before departure of the coach.可知旅客须于发车前最少十五分钟，到Reading的铁路航空候车室办理登机手续。选项中只有8:20 a.m符合时间要求，故选A。【58题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个表格最后Published by InterCity, a business section of the British Railway Board.可知本文信息由
99、英国铁路局的商业部门InterCity发布，故选B。【59题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个表格最后Please purchase a ticket before boarding the coach.可知所有乘客都应该提前买票。故选D。【点睛】细节理解题解题方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小
100、题2根据题干可知是从Reading出发去Heathrow Airport，应该定位在第二个表格；根据before 10:00 a.m 应该定位在Terminal 2 depart下的0932 ，对应的Reading arrive时间是0845。根据文章最后Customers should check in at the Railair waiting-room at Reading Station at least 15 minutes before departure of the coach.可知旅客须于发车前最少十五分钟，到Reading的铁路航空候车室办理登机手续。选项中只有8:20
101、a.m符合时间要求。(C)The Daffodil LessonIt was a bleak rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Caronlyns house. But she had insisted that I come see something at the top of the mountain.So here I was, reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung l
102、ike veils. By the time I was how thick it was near the summit. Id gone too far to turn back. Nothing could be worth this, I thought as I inched along the dangerous highway.“Ill stay for lunch, but Im heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,” I announced when I arrived.“But I need you to drive me
103、to the garage to pick up my car” Caronlyn said. “Could we at least do that?”“How far is it I asked.“About three minutes”, she said Ill drive-Im used to itAfter ten minutes on the mountain road I looked at her anxiously. I thought you said three minutes.She grinned. “This is a detour（绕道）”Turning down
104、 a narrow track, we parked the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens towards over us. Gradually the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind.Then we turned a corner and stooped-and I gasped in amazement.From the top of t
105、he mountain, sloping for several acres across folds and valleys, were rivers of daffodils in radiant bloom. A profusion(大量) of color-from the palest ivory to the deepest lemon to the most vivid salmon-blazed like a carpet before us. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down t
106、he mountainside. At the center there was a waterfall of purple flowers. Here and there were coral-colored tulips. Western bluebirds frolicked（嬉戏）over the heads of the daffodils, their tawny breasts and sapphire wings like a flutter of jewels.A riot of question filled my mind. Who created such beauty
107、?Why?How?As we approached the home that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that read: “Answers to the Question I Know You Are Asking.”The first answer was “One Woman-Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.: The second was:” One at a Time,” The third:” Started in 1958.”As we drove
108、 home, I was so moved by what we had been, I could scarcely speak. “She changed the world,” I finally said, “one bulb at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”The wonder of it would not let me go. “Imagine,” I said, “if Id had a vision a
109、nd worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?”Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said.“Better yet start today.”60. The passage is mainly about .A. a successful gardenerB. an inspiring gardening lessonC. a worthwhile travelling experienceD. a
110、n unexpected countryside scenery61. The author gasped in amazement because .A. the road twisted and turned along the mountainB. the fog crowning the mountain lifted eventuallyC. the owner of the filed came to answer her questionsD. the vast stretch of daffodil field took her breath away62. What can
111、be inferred from the story?A. The beautiful daffodil field was all along the road.B. The author and her daughter planned the journey well.C. The owner of the field spent a lot of time working in the field.D. The author planned to work in the daffodil field the next day.63. What lesson did the author
112、 learn from this trip?A. East or west, home is best.B. It is never too old to learn.C. Birds of a feather flock together.D. Rome is not built in a day.【答案】60. C 61. D 62. C 63. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一次野外经历 并从这次经历中感触到成功是靠点滴的积累。【60题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在野外遇到了大片的水仙花，并对作者触动很大，由此可知，这是一次很有价值的经历，故选C。【61题详解】
113、细节理解题。根据第11段From the top of the mountain, sloping for several acres across folds and valleys, were rivers of daffodils in radiant bloom. 可知，作者惊奇的是看到从山顶上，绵延几英亩的坡地，穿过山峦和山谷，水仙花如河流般灿烂地绽放着，故选 D。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的倒数第五段的内容，尤其是Started in 1958.可推断出，这片田地的主人付出了很长时间的工作和努力才种出了这片花海，故选C。63题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段作者说的话“Im
114、agine,” I said, “if Id had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?” 可知，作者的感触是：成功在于点滴的积累，A. East or west, home is best. 金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝；B. It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老；C. Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分； D. Rome is not built in a day. 冰
115、冻三尺，非一日之寒。结合四个选项，故选D。(D)Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists wri
116、te of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time
117、to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological an
118、d scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time,
119、but eventually the bones will have to he returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found a
120、t Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of suff
121、icient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologis
122、ts have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.64. According to the passage, scientists a
123、re unhappy with the law mainly because .A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remainsB. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeC. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains65. Which of the foll
124、owing statements is true according to the passage?A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.C. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.D. Human remains will have to be reburied d
125、espite the extension of time.66. What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. The law on human remains hasnt changed in recent decades.D. The Min
126、istry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.67. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.B. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion
127、, authorities say.D. Research time should be extended, scientists require.【答案】64. C 65. D 66. A 67. B【解析】本文是一篇关于考古话题的议论文。英国法律规定出土的文物要重新埋入地下，考古学家们认为这对考古工作是有害的。【64题详解】归纳总结题。根据文章第二段和第四段可知考古学家们认为此项法律是不合理的，对考古工作也是有破坏性的，故选C。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to giv
128、e them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.虽然时间延长了，但是这些人类的遗骸还是要被重新埋起来，可知D项正确。【66题详解】判断推理题。由文章最后一段The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.可推出司法部还没有对法律做出明确的规定，A项说法正确。【67题详解】主旨大意题。从文章第一段的句子：Human
129、 remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists(考古学家) says. 可知法律要求出土的文物要重新被埋入地下，为此很多古代的秘密就不为人知了，故选B。II 卷Section A(A)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in t
130、he blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Living a Life Full of Wild AdventuresHelen Skelton was brought up on a remote f
131、arm, and her family wasnt full of runners and rock climbers. However, she has since travelled the world on _68_ series of record breaking adventures. The former Blue Peter presenter has kayaked（划皮划艇）down the Amazon River, cycled to the South Pole and done a tightrope walk between the chimneys of Bat
132、ter-sea Power Station in London. Now, Skelton _69_ (share) the secrets of her success in a new book called Wild Girl: How to Have Incredible Outdoor Adventures. _70_ shes got plenty of stamps in her passport, Skelton says you dont need to go to the Amazon or Antarctica in order to have an adventure
133、- theres plenty to do here in the UK. She grew up in Cumbria, and would go bike-riding and skateboarding with her mum, as well as building rafts. She hopes to pass on these adventures to her own children. Despite the title, Skelton says that the book isnt just for girls. She believes adventure is a
134、leveller - an activity _71_ men and women are equal. Adventures _72_ also be educational. Skelton says when youre at the mercy of the elements you have to adapt and be flexible, which is a great lesson for life. Of all the places she _73_ (be) to, Skelton says the South Pole was particularly hard. I
135、ts like living in a freezer. Its the windiest, driest, coldest place on Earth. Skelton explains, You cant even put up your tent, which is your only shelter, _74_ putting on huge gloves, otherwise youll get a frostbite. _75_ (put) up a tent in oven gloves isnt easy.Her advice to any aspiring adventur
136、ers would be to not worry about _76_ comments other people might make. When I said Im going to kayak the Amazon, people told me thats madness. And, if I had listened to them, I never would have done _77_ of it. So just try.【答案】68. a 69. is sharing 70. Although/ Though 71. where 72. can 73. had been
137、74. without 75. Putting 76. what 77. any【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Helen Skelton所写的关于冒险的一本书及她对冒险者的建议。【68题详解】考查冠词。根据空后的“series of”可知，此处应填不定冠词a，构成固定短语a series of，意为“一系列”。故填a。【69题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，Skelton正在一本叫作Wild Girl: How to Have Incredible Outdoor Adventures的书中分享她成功的秘密。根据本句的时间状语Now可知，应用现在进行时结构，主语Skelton是第
138、三人称单数，故填is sharing。【70题详解】考查连词。前一句意为“她的护照上有很多邮票”，后一句意为“Skelton说你不必为了有一次冒险经历而去亚马逊或者南极”，显然前者是后面的一个“让步”，这里是一个让步状语从句，Although/ Though都是“尽管”的意思，引导一个让步状语从句。故填Although/ Though。【71题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她相信冒险是一种平等一种男性和女性在其中都平等的活动。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词an activity，空处关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。【72题详解】考查情态动词。
139、句意：冒险也可以是有教育意义的。分析句子可知，空后是be动词原形，此处应填一个情态动词，can表示“可以”，符合语境。故填can。【73题详解】考查时态。句意：在所有她去过的地方，Skelton说南极尤其地艰难。空后“the South Pole was particularly hard”用的是一般过去时，空处动词表示的动作发生在“她说南极尤其艰难”之前，属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had been。【74题详解】考查介词。句意：不戴上巨大的手套，你甚至不能搭建起帐篷，帐篷是你唯一的遮蔽物。分析句子可知，这里指否定，应用介词without。故填without。【75题详解】考查非谓语
140、动词。句意：戴着烤箱手套搭建帐篷不容易。分析句子可知，这里缺少主语，表示一件已知的事或经验，应用动名词形式。故填Putting。【76题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：她对任何有志向的冒险者的建议是不要担心别人可能作出什么评论。空处引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语，指别人“说的话”，应用what引导。故填what。【77题详解】考查代词。句意：如果我听了他们的话，我绝不会做成任何一件事。根据句意及空后的“of it”可知，这里指其中的“任何”一个。故填any。 (B)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks t
141、o make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Monocle reaches Sconser, on Scotlands remote northern Isle of Skye, late on a dreary Thurs
142、day afternoon. A van decorated with the image of a scallop（扇贝）_78_ (park) outside a white-washed house on a slope overlooking Loch Sligachan - its a sign that weve reached the right place. David made the permanent move to Skye in _79_ early twenties and soon hit upon the idea of farming scallops. It
143、 took years of trials: different methods searching for different spots. But from failure _80_ (come) understanding and in 1988 requested a Crown Estate lease from the local government office. After a lengthy process he was given a patch of water close to his home. We had to prove our intervention wa
144、s going to benefit the natural habitat of the bay, and _81_ we were going to be caretakers of the ecosystem, says David. The area remains open_82_ anybody for passage and fishing, but his prized scallops must not be disturbed. The next morning we head to the shore to meet Davids son Ben, who is busy
145、 unloading bags of fresh shells - 350 at Bens best guess. Hes just helped his father to unzip his heavy wetsuit. Bens first shop is Portree (the islands biggest town) and a restaurant called Dulse & Brose. Everything is locally sourced; it is our responsibility _83_ (help) sustain these businesses,
146、says head chef Peter Cullen, as he cracks open one of the scallops in his kitchen. The rest of the orders will reach restaurants all over Skye, _84_ (range) from smaller venues to Michelin-starred Lochbay in the nearby settlement of Stein. What sets Sconser seallops apart is the manner in which they
147、 are cultivated. Firstly, David dives in to shift young scallops from the deeper water off the coast into the shallows; left in their natural habitat they are subject to predators and unpredictable conditions. The change in setting also provides access to more light and nutrients. _85_ theyre large
148、enough they are dived and moved again - hence the twice - dived term seen on menus. Davids isnt the only food-focused firm _86_ has thrived in his Scottish outpost. From the Isle of Skye Distillers gin to the Isle of Skye Sea Salt Company. Sconser Scallops is one of a growing number of start - ups u
149、sing environmentally friendly methods with success. Bens own effort is next : a line of skincare products made of locally _87_ (harvest) seaweed. There is so much potential on Skye, he says, I wouldnt live anywhere else.【答案】78. is parked 79. his 80. came 81. that 82. to 83. to help 84. ranging 85. O
150、nce 86. that 87. harvested【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以一位扇贝养殖者David通过他亲身实践证明，经济利益和健康的生态系统是可以共存的。【78题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一辆上面装饰着扇贝图像的货车停在了一个白色房子的外面。该句中主语是van，与park之间是被动关系，结合全文语境可知应为一般现在时的被动语态。故填is parked。【79题详解】考查代词。句意：David在他二十几岁的时候就搬到了Skye。in ones +基数词译为“在某人几十岁时”，结合题意可知此处in his twenties译为在David二十几岁的时候。故填his。【80题详解】考查时
151、态。结合后文“in 1988 requested a Crown Estate lease from the local government office”可知文段是对过去事件的描述，使用一般过去时。故填came。【81题详解】考查连接词。句意：我们要证明我们的干预将有益于海湾的自然栖息地，并且我们将成为生态系统的守护者。and并列连接两个宾语从句，第二个句子的句意和句子结构完整，所以连接词为that，且不可省略。故填that。【82题详解】考查介词。句意：该区域对大家仍保持开放并且可以钓鱼。be open to译为“对开放”为固定搭配，故填to。【83题详解】考查不定式。句意：帮助维持这些
152、业务是我们的责任。该句使用了It + be +adj + to do sth译为“做某事”,该句中it为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故填to help。【84题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：剩余的订单将到达Skye各地的餐厅，范围从小会所到米其林星级餐厅。此处range为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语为restaurants，两者构成主谓关系。故填ranging。【85题详解】考查连词。句意：一旦它们足够大，他们就会再次潜水去移动它们，因此你在菜单上看到了“twice - dived”一词。根据句意可知，本句为once引导的时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Once。【86题详解】考查定语从句。
153、句意：David并不是唯一一家在苏格兰偏远地区以食物为中心而蓬勃发展的公司。该句为定语从句，先行词为firm，并由the only修饰，因此只能使用关系代词that。故填that。【87题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用当地收获的海藻制成一些列的护肤品。分析句子可知，harvest与seaweed在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作前置定语，故填harvested。Section BDirections: Complete the following sentences in English according to what is given in Chinese, using the wor
154、ds given in the brackets.88. _ does good to childrens growth. (与有不同价值观的人接触 expose)89. That football team _ so as to get familiar with the awful weather.(提前到达了主办城市 schedule n.)90. It must also be acknowledged that many of Chinas _ which are ultimately protecting their bottomline.(景点由私人公司运营 operate)91
155、. _, the URB-E can travel for 32 kilometers on a single charge, reaching a top speed of 24 kilometers per hour.(取决于距离和用途 depend)92. Risk-taking is a way of life for those who _. (一再挑战身体极限 limit n.)93. It may seem no use _. However, it can serve as an emotional outlet and even a cure for depression.(
156、向朋友抱怨工作上的问题 complain)94. Language learners all know _ but few put it into practice in day-to-day life. (英语流利的诀窍 recipe)95. With the job-hunting season approaching, the store specializing in _ had to put up advertisements for experienced tailors.(适合求职面试的服装 appropriate)96. When he was young, his paren
157、ts often took him to museums, galleries, and concerts to _. (培养他对艺术的热爱 cultivate)97. The problem with this approach to teaching English is that _ in language learning tends to make students turn a blind eye to accumulation during language acquisition.(过于强调语言学习中的捷径 emphasis)【答案】88. Being exposed to d
158、ifferent persons with different values 89. got to the host city ahead of schedule 90. attractions are operated by private companies 91. Depending on the distance and the usage 92. repeatedly challenge the physical limits 93. complaining to a friend about problems at work 94. the recipe of English fl
159、uency 95. appropriate dress for job interviews 96. cultivate his love for art 97. there is too much emphasis on shortcuts【解析】【88题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：与有不同价值观的人接触对孩子的成长有好处。结合汉语意思表示“与接触”短语为be exposed to，且本句中缺少主语，应用动名词短语作主语；表示“价值观”名词为value，此处应用复数形式。故填Being exposed to persons with different values。【89题详解】
160、考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：那支足球队提前到达了主办城市，以便熟悉那里糟糕的天气。结合汉语意思表示“主办城市”短语为host city；表示“提前”短语为ahead of schedule；结合句意应用一般过去时。故填got to the host city ahead of schedule。【90题详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：还必须承认的是，中国许多景点由私人公司运营，这些企业最终会保护自己的底线。结合汉语意思表示“私人公司”短语为private company，此处应用复数形式；且主语attractions与谓语动词operate构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词
161、应用复数。故填attractions are operated by private companies。【91题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：取决于距离和用途，URB-E充电一次可以行驶32公里，最高时速为24公里。结合汉语意思表示“取决于”短语为depend on，且句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语URB-E构成主动关系，故用现在分词；故填Depending on the distance and the usage。【92题详解】考查固定短语。句意：冒险是那些一再挑战身体极限的人的一种生活方式。结合汉语意思表示“挑战极限”短语为challenge the limits；修饰动词
162、challenge应用副词，表示“一再，反复”副词为repeatedly。故填repeatedly challenge the physical limits。【93题详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：向朋友抱怨工作上的问题似乎是没有用的。然而，它可以作为情感的出口，甚至是抑郁症的治疗。结合汉语意思表示“向某人抱怨某事”短语为complain to sb about sth；且根据上文no use doing sth.可知应填动词-ing形式。故填complaining to a friend about problems at work。【94题详解】考查名词短语。句意：语言学习者都知道
163、英语流利的诀窍，但很少有人在日常生活中付诸实践。结合汉语意思表示“英语流利的诀窍”短语为the recipe of English fluency。故填the recipe of English fluency。【95题详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着求职季的临近，专们经营适合求职面试的服装的商店不得不张贴招聘有经验的裁缝的广告。结合汉语意思表示“面试”短语为job interviews；形容词appropriate修饰名词dress做定语。故填appropriate dress for job interviews。【96题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在他小的时候，他的父母经常带他去博物馆、画
164、廊和音乐会，以培养他对艺术的热爱。表示“培养”应用动词cultivate，且在句中为不定式作目的状语；表示“对艺术的热爱”可翻译为love of art。故填cultivate his love for art。【97题详解】考查固定句型。句意：这种教学方法的问题在于过于强调语言学习的捷径，容易使学生忽视语言习得过程中的积累。结合汉语意思表示“强调”短语为emphasis on；表示“捷径”名词为shortcut，此处应用复数形式；本句用there be句型，且时态为一般现在时。故填there is too much emphasis on shortcuts。Section CDirecti
165、ons: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.98. 处理顾客对于产品的投诉时，越礼貌越好。(can)99. 与那些固执己见的人就这个问题争论下去没有意义。(point n.)100. 对于春节期间买不到机票的旅客而言，高铁卧铺车票是首选。(available)101. 渔民们在湖底刚发现了一个古城遗址，就有一些科学家和建筑家赶往现场进行实地研究。(Hardly)【答案】98. When dealing with customer complaints, th
166、e politer you are, the better it can be. 99. There is no point in arguing with those stubborn people about the problem. 100. For the people to whom air tickets are not available during the Spring Festival, the high-speed train sleeper tickets are their first choices. 101. Hardly had the fishermen fo
167、und the ruins of an ancient city at the bottom of the lake when some scientists and architects rushed to the spot to study it.【解析】【98题详解】考查can的用法和状语从句的省略。根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态为一般现在时；deal with“处理”，complaint“投诉”，the + 比较级，the + 比较级“越越”，can“可能”，分析句子可知，本句涉及时间状语从句的省略句，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：When dealing with custom
168、er complaints the politer you are, the better it can be.【99题详解】考查固定句型和一般现在时。根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态为一般现在时；there is no point in doing sth.“做某事没意义”，argue with sb. about sth.“与某人争论某事”，stubborn“固执的”，再街结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：There is no point in arguing with those stubborn people about the problem.【100题详解】考查形容词用法和时态。根
169、据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态为一般现在时；be available to sb.“对某人来说可以获得”，during the Spring Festival“在春节期间”，first choices“首选”，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：For the people to whom air tickets are not available during the Spring Festival, the high-speed train sleeper tickets are their first choices.【101题详解】考查固定句型和部分倒装。根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态
170、为一般过去时；hardlywhen“刚就”，该句型的主句应用过去完成式，否定词hardly置于句首时，要部分倒装，the ruins of an ancient city“一个古城遗址”，at the bottom of“在底部”，rush to“赶往某地”，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Hardly had the fishermen found the ruins of an ancient city at the bottom of the lake when some scientists and architects rushed to the spot to study it.
