1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家第二节庖公解牛层层突破授课提示：对应学生用书第76页微技能一提升写作，从用词开始准确、得体、亮眼单词和短语是文章最基本的组成单位。用词是否准确、出彩在一定程度上决定了作文能否得高分。高考英语书面表达评分标准也鼓励考生使用高级词汇，但使用高级词汇并不等于使用一些偏难、古怪的词汇，而是使用一些表意准确、形象生动、语法正确，且符合以英语为母语的人的习惯表达方式的词汇。在使用词汇时，我们可以尝试如下方法。1无重复原则写作时应尽量避免重复使用相同的词语，要用贴切多样的词语来展示自己的词汇水平。用词不同、表达方式迥异，也是词汇高级用法的体现。恰当地使用同义 词不仅可以体现雅
2、致的文风，还有利于增强段落的统一性和连贯性。I like reading while my brother likes watching TV.I like reading while my brother enjoys watching TV.2具体性原则在具备一定词汇量的条件下，具体的表达比泛泛而谈的内容更能引起读者的共鸣。例如：当描述一个具体的事物或人时，类似a nice/good man的表达让人感觉很空洞，我们可以用有个性的、具体的词描绘一个人，如kindhearted(好心的)；generous(慷慨的；大方的)；easygoing(随和的)等。再如：So good do they
3、 look that I think you could be interested in them.So attractive and alive do they look that I think you could be interested in them.It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a good atmosphere.It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.3新颖性原则为了表现自己的语言
4、功底，吸引阅卷老师的眼球，尽量用高年级阶段学到的词汇代替低年级阶段学到的词汇。In the coming three years，our school life will be difficult.In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging.By learning English I have broadened my mental horizons and increased my knowledge in different fields.By learning English I have broadened
5、 my mental horizons and increased my knowledge in various fields.4短语优先原则多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。(1)形容词变短语的方法：of同根名词形容词对应短语very importantof great importancevery usefulof great usevery valuableof great valuevery beneficialof great benefitvery helpfulof great helpWorking as a volunteer will be very benef
6、icial to my oral English.Working as a volunteer will be of great benefit to my oral English.Developing a good habit is also very important.Developing a good habit is also of great importance.(2)动词变短语的方法：同义短语替换动词对应短语thinkhold the viewknow/realizebe aware ofusemake use of/take advantage ofI like playi
7、ng football in my spare time.Im fond of playing football in my spare time.Im interested in playing football in my spare time.Im crazy about playing football in my spare time.Im addicted to playing football in my spare time.Aimed to help us to know the importance of working，an activity themed “Workin
8、g is the most beautiful” was held last week.Aimed to help us to be aware of the importance of working，an activity themed“Working is the most beautiful” was held last week.I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account/considerat
9、ion.注意：并不是短语一定会比单词好，要根据具体情况，有时候贴切传神的单词要比短语更合适。例如：We can look at this problem in many ways.We can view this problem in many ways.(view比look at更有内涵)We all live on one and the same planet.We all share one and the same planet.(share比live on更有“味感”)很多考生作文裹足不前的一个重要原因是反复用初中学过的“第一反应词”，背了大量的靓词妙语而不用。建议大家在想到一个表
10、达时，务必要想一想有没有更好的表达方式，这就是我们平时常讲的“头脑风暴法”，例如：beautifulattractive/charming，difficulttough/challenging.即学即练1.用高级词汇替换加黑词语1He should have driven more slowly.He is supposed to have driven more slowly.2Because of the good weather，our journey was comfortable.Thanks to the good weather，our journey was comfortab
11、le.3Most of the students are shortsighted.The majority of the students are shortsighted.4The rain was heavy，and as a result the road was flooded.The rain was heavy，and consequently the road was flooded.5Jack is very clever，who often thinks of new ideas.Jack is very clever，who often comes up with new
12、 ideas.6Some students think that they should save some of their pocket money for books.Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.7Im very glad to learn that you are coming in September.Im more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.8Would you pl
13、ease help me to turn down the radio?Would you please do me a favor to turn down the radio?.根据提示用高级词汇改写下列句子1As a result，the plan was a failure.(turn)The plan turned out to be a failure.2I believe that our country will become stronger and stronger.(convince)I am convinced that our country will become
14、stronger and stronger.3He spends all his spare time in reading.(devote)He devotes all his spare time to reading.4As soon as he arrived，he began his research.(介词短语作状语)On his arrival，he began his research.5The summer vacation is coming.(介词短语作表语)The summer vacation is round the corner.6Suddenly I had a
15、n idea that someone had broken into my house.(occur)An idea occurred to me that/It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.7Doing morning exercises is also important.(ofn.)Doing morning exercises is also of importance/significance.8The number of English learners is increasing.(介词短语作表语)T
16、he number of English learners is on the rise.9More and more Americans are curious about Chinese culture.(number)An increasing number of Americans are curious about Chinese culture.微技能二：凝练习作，从句式着手简洁、高级、得当句式单一、缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何错误也不可能得高分。考生在写作文时应多运用一些高级句式和复合句，并注意句式的灵活多变，让文章读起来抑扬顿挫，让深厚的语言功底得以体现，让书面表达拽起来！运用多
17、样句式有以下几种方式。句式丰富，表述地道1句式无重复句式无重复是指在同一篇文章中，不要过多地使用同一种句式。例如表达个人观点时不要通篇都是I think或in my opinion；表达建议时不要通篇都是You should.或者Youd better.。可以穿插诸如as for me，as far as Im concerned等。2长短句相间原则短句一般语气重，多在一个复杂的意思表达完成之后表示强调，富有力度；长句则适用于准确表达复杂的思想。运用长短句相间原则可以很好地发挥两种句子的优点。反之，如果只用长句或短句，则会使行文显得过于单调。所以，在写作中应该是长句和短句交替使用。请看下面考生
18、范文：Last Sunday morning，I went to the park by bike.I was walking in the park when a couple stopped me and asked if I could help to take some photos of them.I offered my service willingly.With many thanks，they waved goodbye to me.However，a few minutes later，I found they had dropped a black handbag on
19、the bench where they had sat.Believing they must return to look for the handbag，I decided to wait for them，with the handbag in my hand.Soon，they hurried back and I returned the handbag to them.They thanked me again and again.What a great pleasure it was to help others out!文章长短句相间，本文用了三个长句，分别是when连接的
20、并列句，其中含有一个if引导的宾语从句；where引导的定语从句；现在分词短语作状语。其余都是短句。文章张弛有度，错落有致。句式高级，逻辑清晰1If you are interested in it，let me know and Ill send you more information.(条件状语从句)2Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important，its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.(让步状语从句)3From this experience I h
21、ave learned that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.(定语从句)4“You cant judge a book by its cover，” as the old saying goes.(定语从句)5What I want to stress is that I have already been a volunteer for the 13th National Games which will be held at the end of August in Tianjin.(
22、名词性从句，定语从句)6Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do what we want to do.(名词性从句)句式多变，克服平淡1肯定不如双否好(1)In the neighborhood Im famous.In the neighborhood there is nobody who does not know me.(2)We believe that he will succeed in carrying out the experiment.We dont doubt that he will succeed in
23、carrying out the experiment.(3)The postman comes on time every day.The postman never fails to come on time.2主动不如被动巧We can borrow five books at most at a time，and we can keep them for ten days.At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days.3非谓(语)结构不可少(1)Being a student
24、，Id like to know the price for students.(2)To make the class go smoothly，you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.(3)Faced with difficulties，we need friends to give us comfort and help.(4)The exhibition will be held in the City Museum，located in the north of our city
25、.(5)Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials.特殊句式，提升档次1Instead of giving us answers immediately，he encourages us to think by ourselves.(介词短语作状语)2Its not what difficulties we meet once in a while that shapes our lives，but what attitudes we take to face them.(强调句型)3I do bel
26、ieve you could solve it on time.(强调谓语)4As scheduled，we participated in several instructive activities.(省略)5While visiting the art exhibition，we discussed the great artists works.(省略)6If only I could go back and reset my goals.(虚拟)7By doing so，I can not only share good ideas with others but also lear
27、n to express myself clearly.(并列)8Everyone in our society should help those in need，but it is more important to be sincere and earnest.(形式主语)9I consider it quite interesting to learn the poems written in the Tang Dynasty with you.(形式宾语)10When it comes to the effect，it will help you to enhance the sen
28、se of keeping fit but it may cause you to be overly anxious.(固定句式)11Only in this way can people from all over the world communicate easily and effectively.(部分倒装)12Lying on the floor was a boy aged about twelve.(全部倒装)即学即练2.用高级句式升级下列句子1I realized the importance of English when I entered senior high sc
29、hool.(强调句)It was when I entered senior high school that I realized the importance of English.2We can live a happy life only by this means.(倒装)Only by this means can we live a happy life.3We should pay more attention to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country.(被动语态)More atte
30、ntion should be paid to the elderly who had devoted their youth and energy to our country.4The environment will never improve until everybody takes care of it.(倒装)Not until everybody takes care of it will the environment improve.5The girl is spoken highly of.Her composition was well written.(定语从句)Th
31、e girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.6After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner.(分词作状语)Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner.7There are a lot of trees and flow
32、ers in our school and our school looks like a big garden.(with复合结构)With a lot of trees and flowers in our school，our school looks like a big garden.8They didnt realize the importance of environmental protection until all the fish in the river died out.Not until all the fish in the river died out did
33、 they realize the importance of environmental protection.(倒装句)It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environmental protection.(强调句).用高级句式翻译下列句子1我们发现水太脏无法钓鱼。(so.that句型)We found the water was so dirty that we could not catch fish in it.2我们到达了一座山，山脚下有一条
34、小河在流淌。(定语从句)We arrived at a hill，at the foot of which flows a small river.3通过做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。(bydoing)By taking exercise，we can always stay healthy.4一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。(upon/on doing)Upon/On hearing of the unexpected news，he was so surprised that he couldnt say a word.5毫无疑问，你有困难时，会得到别人的帮助。(There
35、is no doubt that.)There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties.6我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。(The reason why.is that.)The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.7如果你方便的话，咱们8：30校门口见吧！(if)If its convenient for you，lets meet at 8：30 out
36、side the school gate.8只要我们有强大的信念，我们就能够克服任何困难。(as long as)As long as we have a strong will，well be able to get over any difficulty.微技能三：浑然天成，从语篇着眼赏心、悦目、一体最赏心悦目的布局3段式结构高考作文采用3段式，不仅在行文上符合总分总的逻辑结构，而且在视觉上更加美观，吸引阅卷老师的眼球。以2020年高考全国卷为例：上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：1农场情况；2采摘过程；3个人感受。注意：1.词数100
37、左右；2题目已为你写好。题目：My Weekend_范文展示My WeekendLast weekend，my classmates and I went to Xinxing Farm by bike to pick strawberries.Upon entering the farm，we were attracted by its cleanness and rich varieties of fruit.A guide led us to the strawberry field，where we saw fresh inviting red strawberries.We were
38、 told that we could enjoy some newlypicked ones because they were poisonfree.As requested，we began to pick strawberries with caution for fear that some plants might be destroyed.About two hours later，with our baskets full，we went out，wearing tired but satisfied expressions.This experience benefits m
39、e a lot.Not only do I feel the pains the farmers take but also I obtain the happiness that labor brings me.文章分了三段，开头：引入话题；主体：农场的规模以及水果种类等，怎样采摘水果；结尾：个人体会。从框架结构上看，每个段落承担了不同作用，三个段落步步为营，层层推进，镶珠嵌玉，天衣无缝。最有效的拓展成文5大技法1列举具体的实例进行补充说明我要花一些时间和父母在一起。Ill spend some time staying with my parents.Ill spend some time
40、 staying with my parents，chatting with them and doing some housework.我发现了一些不良行为。I found some bad behavior.I found some bad behavior.Some people scribbled on the wall；some played on the lawn and some threw rubbish everywhere.2增添相关信息的时间、地点等内容我要去购物。Im going to do some shopping.Im going to do some shopp
41、ing in the supermarket and wont be back until 5：00 oclock in the afternoon.3增添事件的原因、结果、条件、让步、手段、目的等内容我将参加一些社会活动。I will take part in some social activities.If possible，I will take part in some social activities so that I can know more about society.(条件，结果)我需要好好休息。我要做些阅读。I need a good rest.Ill do some
42、 reading.I need a good rest because I do feel tired after the hard work of all these years.Ill do some reading for fun，as well as for knowledge.(原因，目的)这部电影主要是关于学校的发展。The film is mainly related to the development of our school.The film is mainly related to the development of our school，which will gre
43、atly help us students know the schools history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our schools development.(结果)4追加附加成分在要点基础上适当增加合乎逻辑的附加成分，如定语(从句)、状语(从句)、非谓语动词、独立主格结构等。不仅增加了词数，而且使表达更清晰、准确，主题更突出。我建议老师应该多选择英语电影。I suggest that the teacher should choose more English films.As a young student，
44、I suggest that the teacher should choose more English films that appeal to us teenagers，thus making English learning more interesting.5结尾适当发挥，写出个人感受、评价、愿望、倡议等Although I was very tired this summer holiday，I felt very happy for what I did.(个人感受)I think such activities are necessary and meaningful.(评价)
45、It is a duty for us students to protect our school environment and make it clean.(倡议)最有用的语篇黏合剂7类衔接过渡1表示时间顺序的过渡性词语at the beginning/end of，in the end，afterwards，since then，meanwhile，immediately，after that，from then on，all of a sudden，at present，after a while，at the same time，in the past，to begin with
46、2表示递进关系的过渡性词语whats more/moreover，furthermore，besides，in addition，to make things worse，the most important of all，worst of all，especially，in particular 3表示并列和转折关系的过渡性词语however，while，otherwise，on the contrary，despite，in spite of，after all，nevertheless，as well as，neither.nor.，not only.but also.，either.o
47、r.，not.but.4表示条件和让步关系的过渡性词语as/so long as，unless，in case(of)，on condition that，even if/though，as 5表示因果关系的过渡性词语because(of)，now that，thanks to.，due to.，as a result/consequence(of)，therefore/thus，since6表示列举事实或观点的过渡性词语such as，for example/instance，take.for example，that is to say，as follows，in other words，
48、on(the)one hand.on the other hand.，for one thing.for another.，personally.，in ones opinion/view，as far as sb.is concerned，as for sb.7表示总结的过渡性词语in short，in brief，in a word，to sum up，all in all，on the whole，in general/generally speaking，in conclusion即学即练3从“审题”“表达”及“衔接过渡”三个方面提升和改正下面的学生写作。 题目要求最近，你校举行了一次
49、消防演习，请根据下面的提示，为校报的英语园地写一篇报道，记述这次活动。1.活动目的；2.演习经过及体会。注意：1.词数100左右；2.参考词汇：消防演习fire drill；灭火器extinguisher。_学生习作To help us escape from a fire，our school conducted a fire drill.A firefighter delivered us a lecture at first，which benefited us a lot.After the speech was a fire drill.We were also shown how
50、to use extinguishers properly to put the fire out.We felt very happy for the activity.我来提升To arouse our safety awareness and equip us with skills to escape from a fire，our school conducted a fire drill last Friday afternoon.Before the drill began，a firefighter delivered us a lecture on the importanc
51、e of fire prevention and approaches to selfprotection，which benefited us a lot.Following the speech was a fire drill.With the alarm ringing，we rushed out of the classroom one by one，covering our noses with wet towels.Finally we arrived at the playground safely.After a short break, we were shown how to use extinguishers properly to put the fire out.The fire drill helps us realize that having knowledge of safety procedures is necessary to a large extent.- 7 - 版权所有高考资源网
