1、课时作业对应学生用书P423.阅读A(2018北京高考)My First Marathon (马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first PE class, the teache
2、r required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or n
3、ot I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋
4、带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I app
5、roached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 am or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who cam
6、e in first place had.Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner”篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。参加马拉松比赛前的一个月，作者的脚踝受伤了，但他仍决定参加比赛。在比赛中尽管脚踝伤处疼痛难忍，但作者坚持跑完全程，获得了一枚奖章。1A month before the marathon, the author .Awas well trainedBfelt scaredCmade
7、up his mind to runDlost hope答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，马拉松比赛前一个月，作者脚踝受伤但决心继续参加比赛。故选C。2Why did the author mention the PE class in his 7th year?ATo acknowledge the support of his teacher.BTo amuse the readers with a funny story.CTo show he was not talented in sports.DTo share a precious memory.答案：C推理判断题。根据第
8、二段最后两句可推知，作者这么做是为了表明自己确实没有运动天赋。故选C。3How was the authors first marathon?AHe made it.BHe quit halfway.CHe got the first prize.DHe walked to the end.答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者坚持完成了马拉松比赛并获得了一枚奖章，即他成功了。故选A。4What does the story mainly tell us?AA man owes his success to his family support.BA winner is one wi
9、th a great effort of will.CFailure is the mother of success.DOne is never too old to learn.答案：B主旨大意题。作者通过叙述他坚持带伤跑完马拉松并在比赛中获得了奖章来启迪人们：不要受限于世俗标签，坚持下去的人一定会取得成功。故选B。【词汇积累】determined adj. 坚决的；决心stick with 坚持；紧跟realize vt. 认识到；实现readjust v. 重新适应；再适应【难句分析】原文：When I started running in my 30s, I realized run
10、ning was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. 当我三十多岁开始跑步的时候，我意识到跑步是和自己的一场斗争，不是为了比赛或者为了证明我是否是擅长运动。(第三段第二句)分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。主句中“running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic”为动词realized的宾语从句。B(2020陕西省部分学校
11、第一学期摸底检测)Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi. However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (乳齿象)Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and their cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a piece of earth tha
12、t was recently plowed. “I thought it was a log，” Caid said. “I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it.” The bone weighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their bathtub, but it took their collective strength, might and a golf cart
13、, to carry the large Mastodon bone.“They didnt expect to find that，” Michaels mom said. “Now they believe that they will be more aware of their surroundings and what theyre digging up when they are digging and playing.”“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and
14、 thats what I thought it was，” the brothers mother said. “This is our first set of teeth weve found. So we thought it was their imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination.”They were exploring near the brothers home. Its surprising that they saw what they thought re
15、sembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (古生物学) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a “very mature individual”The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and trunks, like elephants. They
16、 were clearly different from their modern day counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸)篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸；他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用。5How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon?AWith great efforts.BBy chance.CInstructed by an expert.DThrough imagination
17、.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段“Three boys were enjoying themselves . discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (乳齿象)”可知，他们是在玩耍的时候无意中发现乳齿象的下颌骨的。6At first the brothers mother thought the jawbone was .Afrom people who died in the Civil WarBthe bone from a very mature individualClike a log or somethingDthe prehistoric bon
18、e答案：A推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics . what I thought it was”可知，他们之前曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物。由此可推知，他们的母亲认为他们发现的这块下颌骨是在内战中死亡的人的。7The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it .Ahelps people to know more about the Civil WarBteache
19、s kids to be more aware of their surroundingsCpromotes the research on more prehistoric creaturesDattracts the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science答案：C推理判断题。最后一段指出Mastodon是生活于史前时期的古生物，因此，乳齿象下颌骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。8Which of the following can be the best title for the article?APrehistoric Bones Recently
20、Found in MississippiBNot Petrified Wood nor Civil War RelicsCFirst Identifying Bone as a “Very Mature Individual”DUnexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone答案：D标题判断题。根据第一段并结合文章其他内容可知，美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸，他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用，故D项最适合作文章标题。【词汇积累】prehistoric adj. 史前的；远古的pl
21、ow v. 犁；耕地resemble v. 看起来像；显得像；像curator n. 馆长，负责人【难句分析】原文：Now they believe that they will be more aware of their surroundings and what theyre digging up when they are digging and playing. 现在他们认为，当他们在挖掘和玩耍的时候，他们会更加了解周围的环境和他们正在挖掘的东西。(第三段第二句)分析：本句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，其中what又引导宾语从句，作介词短语be aware of的宾语；when
22、引导时间状语从句。C(2019广东省茂名市高三级第一次综合测试)Experts like to say the best form of exercise is whatever kind youll actually do. But that may not always be the case; new research finds that people who combine exercise with their social lives may be at an advantage over solitary (独自) exercisers. Tennis, badminton a
23、nd soccer are all better for longevity (长寿) than cycling, swimming, jogging or gym exercise, according to the research.The study was based on data from about 8,500 adults who were part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study. They completed a health and lifestyle questionnaire, which included questions a
24、bout type and frequency of physical activity, and were monitored by the researchers for around 25 years, a period during which about 4,500 of the subjects died.Tennis came out on top in the research. Compared with people sitting all day, those who reported playing tennis as their main form of exerci
25、se could expect to add 9.7 years to their life time, followed by badminton (6.2 years), soccer (4.7 years), cycling (3.7 years), swimming (3.4 years), jogging (3.2 years) and healthclub activities (1.5 years)Tennis likely took the top spot because “its very interactive，” says study coauthor Dr James
26、 OKeefe, a physician at Saint Lukes Mid America Heart Institute. “At every point youre talking. Its just a very natural way to emotionally bond with people, besides getting your exercise.” But he adds that the study may not have been able to fully account for the fact that wealthier, bettereducated
27、peoplewho tend to be healthier to begin withmay be more likely to play tennis.Activities like running and weight lifting still extend your life and offer plenty of other health benefits. But for the best possible benefits, OKeefe says gymgoers may want to consider combining those workouts with activ
28、ities that foster social connection.OKeefe, whose exercise typically includes running and weight lifting, says hes even changed his own behavior because of the study: he and his family have taken up badminton.“You cant play badminton without feeling like a kid again，” he says. “Its just pure fun.”篇章
29、导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项调查显示，球类运动比其他运动项目更有利于人长寿。9Which of the following is best for living a long life?ACycling. BBadminton.CSwimming. DGym exercise.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Tennis, badminton and soccer are all better for longevity (长寿) than cycling, swimming, jogging or gym exercise, according to the resea
30、rch.”可知，网球、羽毛球和足球比骑自行车、游泳、慢跑、健身房锻炼更有利于长寿，所以B正确。10How many people were still living at the end of the research?AAbout 8,500. BAbout 4,500.CAbout 4,000. DAbout 2,500.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The study was based on data from about 8,500 adults who were part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study.”可知，参加调查的有8,500人
31、，再根据第二句“. and were monitored by the researchers for around 25 years, a period during which about 4,500 of the subjects died.”可知，有4,500人在研究期间去世了，所以研究结束时还有4,000人活着，所以选C。11What matters most to the result of the research?AFamily life. BSocial connections.CFrequency of exercise. DWealth and education.答案：
32、B推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“But for the best possible benefits, OKeefe says gymgoers may want to consider combining those workouts with activities that foster social connection.”可知，想要得到最大的好处，应该把运动与增进人际交往结合起来，所以社会联系很重要，所以选B。12What does OKeefe do after the finding?AHe puts the theory into practice.BHe plays badm
33、inton just for fun.CHe feels like playing badminton with kids.DHe takes more exercise than before.答案：A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“OKeefe, whose exercise typically includes running and weight lifting, says hes even changed his own behavior because of the study: he and his family have taken up badminton.”可知，研究发现之后，
34、OKeefe开始调整自己的运动项目，打羽毛球，所以是将理论运用于实践了，所以A正确。【词汇积累】natural adj. 自然的；物质的；天生的；不做作的foster v. 促进；助长；培养typically adv. 代表性地；作为特色地behavior n. 行为，举止take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、地方)【难句分析】原文：The study was based on data from about 8,500 adults who were part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study. 这项研究是基于哥本哈根城市心脏研究的8,500名成年人
35、的数据。(第二段第一句)分析：本句为主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词 adults。.语法填空(2020南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)Power walking is a style of walking performed at a rapid, energetic pace. There is no special 1 (require) for you to start except a pair of comfortable walking shoes, and love for fresh outdoor air.Power walking offers many ben
36、efits. Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph 2 (burn) around 300 calories per hour. 3 (consequent), power walking, in addition to a healthy diet, helps manage your weight. Also, power walking decreases the risks of serious 4 (disease) like high blood pressure, heart attack and certain types of cancers.Po
37、wer walking helps reduce the stress associated with daytoday living, 5 (remove) yourself from the busy home atmosphere or 6 (stress) office environment for power walking can leave you refreshed and energetic.Power walking uses both upper and lower body strength, 7 results in stronger muscles and bon
38、es. And 8 (improve) body condition makes 9 easy for you to carry out daily tasks.Power walking can transport you to your destination. You not just avoid the need for a car 10 save money on gas as well. If the family dog needs a walk and you need a workout, power walking is a convenient way to do bot
39、h at the same time. This activity fits all different lifestyles.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。快走是一种以快速、充满活力的步速进行的散步。快走有诸多好处，包括控制体重、减少疾病、减少生活压力、强身健体等。1requirement考查词性转换。设空前的special是形容词，作定语，修饰名词，且此处为there be句型，be动词为is，故填名词单数requirement “所需的东西”。2burns考查主谓一致和动词的时态。Walking at a quick pace of
40、4 mph是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式；本句讲述的是客观情况，所以用一般现在时，故填burns。3Consequently考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，设空处放在句首，修饰整个句子，作状语，应用其副词形式。4diseases考查名词。根据设空后的“like high blood pressure . cancers”可知，设空处表示各种各样的疾病，故用名词的复数形式。5removing考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，remove和句子主语Power walking为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填其现在分词形式removing。6stressful考查词性转换。设空处作定语，修饰后面的名词词组office environment，故填形容词stressful “充满压力的，紧张的”。7which考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，故填which。8improved考查非谓语动词。设空处修饰名词词组body condition (身体状况)，此处用过去分词improved 作定语，表示“已改善的”。9it考查代词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用it作形式宾语，句中形容词作宾语补足语，后面的不定式是真正的宾语。10but考查固定用法。not just/only . but (also)是固定用法，意思是“不但而且”。