1、专题能力提升练六推理判断题观点态度类A2020山西六校第二次阶段性测试 In 2013, Gabby Frost founded Buddy Project when she was 15. At that time, her best friend had been diagnosed (诊断) with a mental health condition, and that was the first time she was made aware of what mental illness was. She wanted to learn more and develop a good
2、 support system for her.Mental illness affects tens of millions of people in the United States each year, yet only half receive treatment, according to the National Institutes of Mental Health. Buddy Projects website says the service is not a substitute for therapy (治疗) or other types of mental heal
3、th care, and it directs people to resources for further help.Since founding the organization as a high school student, Frost has helped more than 200,000 participants find a new friend. On the day when Buddy Project was launched, she used her powerful social media presence to attract nearly 3,000 pa
4、rticipants. “This was around the time when teens really began talking about mental health and found a supportive community online to talk about it，” she said.One of the biggest social barriers she had to jump over was that people didnt view her seriously because she was a 15yearold girl, and even no
5、w, shes still a young woman. “Sometimes its frustrating because people dont think what I do is needed or they dont think Im professional，” she said. “Most people are blown away that a 20yearold girl is running this and that its one person doing this but not a whole team. Im just lucky that Ive found
6、 a support system that has been able to help my mom and me with the project.”1Why did Gabby Frost set up Buddy Project?ATo treat her mental disease.BTo know what causes mental illness.CTo help her friend to fight the mental disease.DTo cure those with mental disease.2What can we infer from paragraph
7、 2?AAmericans pay little attention to mental health.BMany Americans have trouble with mental health.CBuddy Project provides financial aid for patients.DBuddy Project can cure those with mental disease.3What problem did Frost face?AShe couldnt get support from her mother.BShe couldnt help so many pat
8、ients at a time.CShe wasnt able to attract enough participants.DShe wasnt thought well of because of her age.4How do most people feel about young Frosts running the project alone?ACompletely defeated. BTotally convinced.CStrongly impressed. DFully satisfied.B2020济南市4月模拟Like clockwork, nearly every f
9、ourth February includes one extra day. February 29th, otherwise known as Leap Day, isnt exactly a holiday. Instead, its there to keep your calendar consistent with the earths rotation (旋转) around the sun.According to H, Roman emperor Julius Caesar is the “father” of Leap Year. Until he came along, p
10、eople had used a 355day calendar, which was 10. 25 days shorter than the solar year. Roman officials were supposed to add an extra month every now and then to keep the seasons exactly where they should be. But that didnt work out all that well. When special occasions started shifting into different
11、seasons around 45 BCE, Caesar consulted with astronomers and decreed (下令) that the empire should use a 12month, 365day calendar, which he named after himself. Caesars Julian calendar included a Leap Day every four years.Though Leap Day keeps your calendar in line with the earths rotation around the
12、sun, it causes a different kind of problem for leapsters. When should these February 29th babies celebrate their birthdays during the other threequarters of their lives? Some party on February 28th, while others prefer a twoday celebration that spans the last day of February and the first day of Mar
13、ch.Leap Day can be a nuisance in the legal system. In 2006, a court in Massachusetts was deciding whether criminal John Melo could be released a day early since his 10year sentence included a Leap Day. In the case, the judge decided that since the man was sentenced to prison for years, not days, Lea
14、p Day didnt make a bit of difference.Though a few timekeepers have pushed for calendars that dont include Leap Day, almost all astronomers and societies agree that Leap Day is the best method to keep the calendar on track.5Why was Leap Day created?ATo celebrate special occasions.BTo honor Emperor Ju
15、lius Caesar.CTo keep pace with the solar year.DTo keep track of all the seasons.6What is the problem with the birthday celebration of February 29th babies?AIt is sometimes delayed.BIt lasts at least two days.CIt has to be held every other year.DIt may take place on different dates.7. What does the u
16、nderlined word “nuisance” in Paragraph 4 mean?AJoke. BTopic.CTrouble. DMistake.8What is the attitude of most astronomers towards Leap Day?ACritical. BSupportive.CDoubtful. DCautious.C2020合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测Walls blanketed in moss (苔藓) are popping up in major cities, along with promises that they can redu
17、ce air pollutionbut can a few square metres of plant matter really deal with the smog?A Berlinbased firm, Green City Solutions, believes so. Its moss walls, called CityTrees, are roughly four square metres in size. Armed with WiFi sensors to monitor the health of moss, a CityTree functions autonomou
18、sly and requires very little maintenance (维护). The wall collects rainwater, which is pumped through a builtin irrigation system to the plants, powered by solar energy. As a result, the firm says each CityTree is able to “eat” around 250 grams of particulate (颗粒的) matter a day (above 90 kgs a year) a
19、nd removes about 240 metric tons of CO2 annually. It also cools the surrounding air.Being aware that getting the surrounding air in contact with the moss wall is crucial for the CityTree to be effective, the inventors ensure that the location of each installation is chosen carefullyspots where pollu
20、tion is heavy due to traffic and where the air flow is limited are picked. The importance of this step is explained by the fact that the waste gas from a car generally goes vertically a few kilometres into the air.But this doesnt mean moss walls will necessarily protect people from pollution. In the
21、 Netherlands, researchers found that eight walls installed in Amsterdam failed to reduce the concentration of particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Their report concluded that even doubling the number of moss walls would do little to improve their effectiveness.The CityTree is not meant to
22、substitute for street trees, but to add greenery to spaces where planting is not an option. Its important to remember that street trees provide a whole host of other benefits, including shelter and habitat for urban wildlife, shade for people on the street, and reduction of the urban heat island eff
23、ect.9What do we know about the CityTree?AIt can absorb some air pollutants.BIt can irrigate other street plants.CIt produces electricity to cool water.DIt is aimed at saving water in cities.10What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?AThe importance of CityTrees.BThe function of CityTrees.CHow to operate Cit
24、yTrees.DWhere to place CityTrees.11Why is the example of Amsterdam mentioned in Paragraph 4?ATo show that Citytrees cant always work well.BTo prove that CityTrees can reduce air pollutants.CTo emphasize the necessity of building moss walls.DTo analyze the reasons for the failure of the program.12Wha
25、t is the authors attitude towards replacing street trees with moss walls?AAmbiguous. BDisapproving.CSupportive. DCautious.专题能力提升练六推理判断题观点态度类A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会助人为乐Buddy Project帮助了很多有心理健康问题的人【文章大意】讲述了Gabby Frost在15岁的时候为了帮助自己的朋友战胜心理疾病而成立了Buddy Project。Buddy Project帮助了很多有心理健康问题的人。尽管遇到了很多的困难，但她仍坚持不懈。1答案与
26、解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“She wanted to learn more and develop a good support system for her”及第二段中的“Buddy Projects website says the service is not a substitute for therapy (治疗) or other types of mental health care, and it directs people to resources for further help”可知，她是为了帮助朋友与心理疾病抗争才成立了Buddy Project，故答案为
27、C项。2答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据文章第二段第一句中的“Mental illness affects tens of millions of people in the United States each year”可知，在美国，很多人都有心理健康方面的问题，故答案为B项。3答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“One of the biggest social barriers she had to jump over was that people didnt view her seriously because she was a 15yearold girl, and
28、even now, shes still a young woman”和“people dont think what I do is needed. professional”可知，她面临的一个问题是人们因为她的年龄而不把她当回事儿，认为她不专业，故答案为D项。4答案与解析：C考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的“Most people are blown away that a 20yearold girl is running this and that its one person doing this but not a whole team. Im just lucky that Ive
29、 found a support system that has been able to help my mom and me with the project”，可知，大多数人对一个20岁的女孩独自(而不是靠一个团队)运营这个项目这一事实应感到惊讶、钦佩或印象深刻，故C项最能体现大多数人的心理，故选C项。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科普知识闰日的来历【文章大意】介绍了闰日的来历以及所带来的一些生活中的趣事。5答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Instead，its there to keep your calendar consistent with the earths
30、rotation(旋转)around the sun”，第二段中“Roman officials were supposed to add an extra month every now and then to keep the seasons exactly where they should be”以及第三段中“Though Leap Day keeps your calendar in line with the earths rotation around the sun”可知，闰日的产生是为了与太阳历保持一致。6答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第三段中“When should th
31、ese February 29th babies celebrate their birthdays during the other threequarters of their lives.the first day of March”可知，在2月29日出生的人，有的是在2月28日庆祝生日，也有一些人会在二月的最后一天和三月的第一天进行一个为期两天的庆祝生日的活动。由此可知，在这一天出生的人可能会在不同的日期庆祝生日。7答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据下文所列举的例子可知，在法律体系中闰日的出现可能会带来一些麻烦。8答案与解析：B考查观点态度。根据最后一段中“almost all astr
32、onomers and societies agree that Leap Day is the best method to keep the calendar on track”可知，大多数天文学家是支持闰日的。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然人与环境“城市树”【文章大意】文章主要介绍了“城市树”的相关内容。9答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段第五句可知，每棵“城市树”每天能“吃掉”约250克的颗粒物(一年超过90千克)，每年可清除约240公吨的二氧化碳。由此可知，“城市树”能够吸收空气中的污染物。故选A。10答案与解析：D考查段落大意。根据第三段第一句可知，发明者意识到让周围的空
33、气与苔藓“墙”接触对“城市树”发挥作用至关重要，因此他们确保每一个安装苔藓“墙”的位置都是经过精心选择的选择由于交通而污染严重和空气流动受限的地方。而该段第二句则是阐述这一措施的重要性。由此可知，本段主要讲的是在什么地方放置“城市树”，以便更有利于发挥其作用，故选D。11答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句与第二句的关系可知，第二句列举了Amsterdam使用苔藓“墙”没有达到理想的效果的例子，是为了证明第一句表述的观点，即苔藓“墙”并不一定能保护人们免受污染。由此可知，A项符合题意，故选A。12答案与解析：B考查观点态度。根据第五段的内容可知，作者认为，“城市树”并不是为了取代街道上的树而设计的，街道上的树提供了许多其他的好处，包括为城市野生动物提供庇护所和栖息地、为街上的人们提供阴凉和减少城市热岛效应。由此可以推测出，作者对用苔藓“墙”来取代街道上的树木这一做法持不赞成的态度。故选B。