1、Section Language Points () (Warming Up，Prereading，Reading & Comprehending)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1The weather last summer was awful (糟透的)2For them，playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs (事情)3It is required that children under 14 should be accompanied (陪伴) by an adult.4All
2、the audience felt sympathy (同情) for the disabled girl who lost her parents in an accident.5There is no need for you to envy (羡慕) your friend her wealth，because wealth doesnt mean happiness.6A mother shouldnt show too much favour to one of her children.7Alarmed (alarm) by the noise，the birds flew awa
3、y in all directions.8The war came to an end，to the satisfaction of everybody.9She was tired of the hard life in the mountain village and desired to go out.10Many of these new ideas may at first seem absurd；however，do not ignore these ideas，as they often hold the keys to breaking old habits.拓展词汇根据词性或
4、汉语提示，写出下列单词1declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称declaration n宣言；声明；公告2alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n警报；惊恐alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的3elegant adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的elegance n优雅；高雅elegantly adv.优雅地；高雅地；讲究地4favour n喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒favourite adj.最喜欢的 n最喜爱的东西favourable adj.赞同的；有利的5satisfaction n满意；满足；令人满意的事物satisfy vt.满足；使满意satisfying/satisfac
5、tory adj.令人满意的satisfied adj.满足的；(感到)满意的v.ed形容词v.ation名词accustomed 通常的；习惯的addicted 上瘾的；有强烈兴趣的disabled 残废的；残疾的expectation 预料；期望information 信息invitation 邀请；请帖occupation 职业；工作.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1test out考验出，检验完2ring up 给打电话3turn around 转身，翻转4leave.alone 不管，别惹，让一个人待着5or rather 更确切地说6a pile of 一堆7prevent.from
6、 doing sth.阻止某人做某事8fall in love with. 爱上.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1I had meant to call on you，but I was prevented from doing so.2He went home very late last night，or rather，in the early hours this morning.3Some women especially enjoy passengers turning around to see them.4After the company has a new plane b
7、uilt，it will be tested out thoroughly.5My classmate rang me up saying that the school football team had had three victories this month against other schools.经典句式仿写1His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.他的名字叫托尼，他看起来与其说像一台机器，倒不如说像一个人。记句式结构more .than .意为“与其说倒不如说”，强调more后面的内容仿
8、写促落实It was more hard work than cleverness that led to her success.促使她成功的原因，与其说是她的聪明，倒不如说是她的努力工作。2It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.机器人看起来如此像人，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。记句式结构it代替从句作形式主语仿写促落实It is not clear whether she can be elected president.她能否当选总统还不清楚。3As she turned around，there stood Gla
9、dys Claffern.她刚转身，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。记句式结构副词there位于句首，句子要完全倒装仿写促落实There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.那座山顶上有一座寺庙。4But even though Tony had been so clever，he would have to be rebuiltyou cannot have women falling in love with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得作一番改造总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。记句式结构cant have sb.doing st
10、h.意为“不容忍或允许某人做某事”仿写促落实Our teachers cant have us carrying mobile phones to school.老师不允许我们把手机带到学校来。核 心 要 点 探 究 desire n渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要(教材P10)Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?你认为机器人可能有它自己的需要和欲望吗？(1)have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事(2
11、)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire for. 渴望desire sb.to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire that.(should)do sth. 渴望The boy has a strong desire for knowledge.这个男孩有强烈的求知欲。They expressed a desire that I (should) do it at once.他们表示很希望我立刻就做这件事。He desired to win (win) the game.He had a desire to win (win) the game. He desir
12、ed that he (should) win (win) the game.他希望赢得这场比赛。His mother desires that he (should) go abroad.His mother desires him to go (go) abroad.他的母亲希望他出国。名师点津desire 后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气形式，即“(should)动词原形”。 alarm vt.使惊恐；使警觉；惊动n警报；惊恐(教材P11)However，when she first saw the robot，she felt alarmed.然而她初次见到
13、机器人的时候就感到有点儿吃惊。(1)in alarm惊恐地give the alarm to. 给发警报(2)alarmed adj. 惊恐的；忧虑的be alarmed at/by. 对大为惊慌be alarmed to do. 做感到恐慌(3)alarming adj. (令人)惊慌的；(令人)忧虑的The little girl was alarmed at the snake.这个小女孩被蛇吓了一跳。I turned in alarm as the wind blew the door open.当风把窗吹开的时候我惊慌地转身。The boy was alarmed to see(se
14、e) the bear walking to him.这个男孩看到熊走向他，很是惊慌。We were alarmed(alarm) at the alarming(alarm) scream as the scream did alarm us.我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。图形助记 (教材P11)It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human机器人看起来如此像人，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。【要点提炼】句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that he looked so human。it 作形式主语
15、，真正的主语为that引导的从句的常见形式有：(1)It be形容词(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important.) that 从句。(2)It be名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder.) that 从句。(3)It be过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，declared，supposed，reported.) that 从句。(4)It不及物动词(seem，occur，happen.) that 从句。It is obvious that no
16、body would like to have dinner in such a dirty place.很明显，没有人想在这么脏的地方吃饭。Its a shame that we failed to fulfill the task ahead of time.我们没能提前完成任务，真感到惭愧。It is believed (believe) that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found.人们认为这是迄今为止在中国发现的最早的也是最大的造纸作坊。It occurred to m
17、e that I had left my ticket at home.我突然想起把票忘在家里了。【导学号：19142019】 sympathy n. 同情(心)(教材P11)Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.克莱尔觉得被一个机器人同情有点荒唐可笑。express/feel/have sympathy for sb.同情某人out of sympathy 出于同情with sympathy 同情地in sympathy with 支持；赞成We all have great sympathy f
18、or the victims of the flood.我们所有人对水灾的遇难者都深表同情。We looked at the poor child with sympathy.我们同情地看着那个可怜的孩子。He gave the poor child much help out of sympathy.出于同情，他给了这个穷孩子很多的帮助。I am in sympathy with his view that the disabled need respecting.我同意他的观点：残疾人需要尊重。名师点津sympathy作“同情”之意时，常与介词for连用；作“赞成”之意时，与介词with连
19、用。 favour n喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒(教材P11)As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.作为好意，托尼答应帮助克莱尔，使她变得更聪明，并且使她的家变得更高雅。do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb.帮某人的忙in favour of. 支持ask sb.for a favourask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙in ones favour 对某人有利Could you do me a favour/d
20、o a favour for me and pick up Sam from school today?今天你能帮我个忙去学校接山姆吗？I want to ask a favour of you/ask you for a favor；will you lend me your cell phone?我想请你帮忙，你能把你的电话借给我吗？Most of them were in favour of my opinion while David was against it.他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维反对。The exchange rate is in our favour for the
21、 time being.汇率暂时对我们有利。词语巧记 accompany vt.陪伴；陪同；伴奏(教材P11)As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops，he wrote out a list of items for her.因为他不被允许陪她去商店，所以他就给她写了一份购物清单。accompany sb.at/on sth.(尤指用钢琴)为某人伴奏be accompanied by 由某人陪同；由伴奏accompany sb.keep pany 陪伴某人accompany sb.to someplace 陪伴/陪同某人到某地 My
22、 neighbor came to accompany me/keep me company while my parents were out.我邻居在我父母外出时过来陪我。He accompanied his father to the hospital to see whats wrong with his stomach.他陪他的父亲去医院查看胃部出了什么问题。Her father accompanied her to the concert and when she sang her father accompanied her on the piano.Her song sound
23、ed wonderful accompanied(accompany) by the music.她父亲陪她去音乐会，当她唱歌时她父亲为她钢琴伴奏。在音乐的伴奏下她的歌声听起来优美极了。名师点津(1)没有accompany sb.to do sth.结构。(2)accompany是及物动词，其后无需用介词。 ring up 给打电话(教材P11)When the clerk at the counter was rude to her，she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him.当柜台的售货员对她很粗鲁时，她就给托尼打电话，让售货员同
24、他讲话。给某人打电话call/ring back回电话hang up/ring off 挂断电话hang/hold on 别挂断；请稍等I have to ring off/hang up now because my friend is waiting for me.我朋友在等我，我得挂电话了。She promised to ring/call back hours ago，but I havent received her calling up to now.几小时前她说过要回电话的，但是到现在为止我还未接到她的电话。I have something important to tell y
25、ou.Please hang/hold on for a moment.我有要事要告诉你，请不要挂断电话。He telephoned me last night to ask a favour of me. He rang/called me up last night to ask a favour of me. He gave me a call/ring last night to ask a favour of me.他昨晚给我打电话请我帮忙。 名师点津ring up中的up是副词，接人称代词作宾语时，人称代词要放在ring和up之间，接名词作宾语时，名词既可放在ring和up之间，也
26、可放在ring up之后。 (教材P11)As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.她刚转身，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。(1)turn around/round 转向；转过身来；回转写出下列句中turn around的含义Though the situation looks gloomy，it will eventually turn around.回转；好转I turned around to see if anyone was following me.转身turn away把打发走；不理turn down 降低；压低(力量、声音
27、等)；拒绝turn up 把声音开大；出现turn in 上交turn on 打开(煤气、电灯等)turn out 关闭(煤气、电灯等)；结果是/原来是；在场turn over 翻转；考虑turn to 向求助；翻到(页码等)You could turn to the teachers whenever you have trouble in learning English.无论你何时学英语有困难，你都可以向老师寻求帮助。Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
28、因为太忙，上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了聚会的邀请。He promised that he would come，but he hasnt turned up yet.他承诺会来，但是他还没有出现。(2)【要点提炼】本句中there stood Gladys Claffern是完全倒装句，是there be 句型的变式运用。there be句型中的be可以用表示“存在”的动词，如live，exist，lie，stand，seem，rise，remain，happen，come，go等替代。句型结构为：there存在类动词主语。There lived a young man who desired to
29、 be rich overnight.曾经有一个年轻人，他梦想一夜暴富。There stands (stand) an old pine tree in front of our classroom.我们教室前有一棵老松树。There seems to be something wrong with it.此事似乎出了问题。 declare vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称(教材P1112)She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he
30、 felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。declare for/against 声明赞成/反对declare sb./sth./oneself (to be)adj./n. 声称某人/某事declare that. 宣布/宣告declare war on/against 对宣战its declared that. 据宣布Most people declared for peace and against war.大多数人宣布拥护和平，反对战争。Th
31、ey declared him to be (be) the winner.他们宣布他为获胜者。In 1941，Britain and the United States declared war on/against Japan and the Pacific War started.1941年，英国和美国对日宣战，太平洋战争开始。It was declared(declare) that she was awfully depressed and was in a loss when the incident was exposed.据称当事件曝光时她很难过，不知所措。 envy vt.忌
32、妒；羡慕(教材P12)What a sweet victory to be envied by those women！被那些女士羡慕是多么惬意的胜利！(1)envy sb.(for) sth.羡慕/忌妒某人有某物envy sb.doing sth. 羡慕/忌妒某人做某事(2)feel envy at 对感到忌妒或羡慕out of envy 出于忌妒with envy 羡慕地；忌妒地be the envy of sb./sth. 成为羡慕(或忌妒)的对象/东西She always envies me (for) my curly hair.她总是羡慕我的一头卷发。I envy you havi
33、ng (have) such a happy family.我羡慕你有一个这么幸福的家庭。That he did so is out of envy of my success.他这样做是出于忌妒我的成功。They looked with envy at Toms new car，which became the envy of all the neighbours.他们羡慕地看着汤姆的新车，这已经成为所有邻居妒忌的对象了。【导学号：19142019】 leave.alone 不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起(教材P12)She shouted “Leave me alone” and
34、ran to her bed.她喊到“让我独自待一会儿！”然后向床跑去。leave behind遗留；把抛在后面；超过leave aside 搁置一边；不予考虑leave for 动身到leave out 省略；遗漏leave over 流下；剩下leave off 停止；中断No wonder you couldnt get through.Youve left out a zero in this phone number.难怪你打不通。你在这个电话号码中漏掉了一个零。Lets start again from where we left off让我们从中断处重新开始。I think I
35、left my credit card behind at the restaurant.我想我把信用卡落在餐馆里了。名师点津leave alone同let alone。但let alone还有“更不用说”之意。解构长句难句1.(教材P11)Claire didnt want the robot in her house，especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks，but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harme
36、d.【分析】句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句；第一个分句中as引导的是一个时间状语从句；在第二个分句中that引导的是宾语从句。【翻译】克莱尔不想把机器人留在家里，特别是她丈夫将离家三周，但是拉里说服她说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会允许她受到伤害。2(教材P11)On the second morning Tony，wearing an apron，brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing.【分析】句中现在分词短语wearing an apron作伴随状语；whether引导的从句作动词a
37、sk的宾语。【翻译】第二天早晨，托尼系着围裙，给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。3(教材P1112)She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didnt want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.【分析】句中heard him declare.是“hear宾语宾补”结构；动词declare后接了两个并列的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句的引导词that不能省略。【翻译】她大叫一声“托尼”，
38、然后听到托尼一本正经地说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。4(教材P12)He had opened the curtains that night so that the other women would see him and Claire，knowing that there was no risk to Claires marriage.【分析】主句为He had opened the curtains that night；so that引导的目的状语从句；knowing that.为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中that引导的从句作动词know的宾语。【翻译】那天
39、晚上他拉开了窗帘，让其他女人看到了他和克莱尔在一起，他明白这么做对克莱尔的婚姻并不造成危害。 随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空1The president appeared，accompanied (accompany) by six strong bodyguards.2I am ready to help others，because it can not only do others good but also give me a sense of satisfaction(satisfy)3They said that they had been left alone for 3
40、days with no food in the house.4Sam rang up the office and asked to speak to the manager.5She was alarmed (alarm) at all that he had done.6He stood there in favour of his father.7She was declared to be (be) guilty.8When I saw the newly designed car，I couldnt wait to test it out in person.9Disabled p
41、eople desire to live (live) a normal life.10I have no sympathy with your silly idea.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1Would you do me favour to watch out for my dog while I am on business？favour前加a2I wont have you get away with cheating people like that.getgetting3That is dangerous to sleep in the woods at night.That
42、It4Please leave the boy behind；he can make up his own mind.behindalone5The rainforests are disappearing at an alarmed rate.alarmedalarming.完成句子1当他思考时我们最好不要去打扰他。Wed better leave him alone when he is thinking.(leave)【导学号：19142019】2当我下车的时候，远处似乎有个穿黑衣服的人。There appeared a man in black in the distance when
43、 I got off the bus.(there)3那位老人希望他的孩子们时不时地来看望他。The old man desires his children to come to visit him from time to time.(desire)4有些教授可能会对它评价不高。It is possible that some of the professors may not think much of it.(it)5这位新当选的总统表示赞成他们的行动，这意味着他宣布这个行动是合法的。The newlyelected president declared for their action，meaning that he declared it to be legal第 12 页
