2012版高考英语 3-2-1精品系列 专题28新题型 任务型阅读.doc

1、3年高考2年模拟1年原创专题28新题型任务型阅读（教师版）【考点定位】 2013考纲解读和近几年考点分布任务型阅读是江苏省在2008年开始采用的一种新的阅读理解考查形式。而安徽2009年高考英语命题最大的变化就是取消了短文改错，增加任务型阅读，词汇要求提高至3000个左右。【考点pk】 名师考点透析由于任务型阅读是“新生事物”，学生普遍感觉很难。首先要了解表格的设置，据考试说明中的范例，表格一般是文章的整体行文结构，包括标题、段落大意、文章细节、结论等部分。其次要领悟空缺的类型，如：1筛选类：通过定位题目在文章中的位置即可找到答案，一般为原词。2整合类：要对文章的原句进行加工，根据句型结构变化

2、和语法要求提炼出新词，如：There are mainly two types of sources There are two types of sources(main)The person presenting the program is very passionateThe is very passionate(presenter)3概括类：根据说明，要能概括出文章的标题、段落大意、文章的目的、结论等，要求较高。同学们在填空时务必要仔细，注意单词大小写、单复数、词性等。1）掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中（尤其最上栏、最左栏）需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，这就要求学生学会使用一些概括性词语。常

3、用归纳概括性词汇有：aims，purposes，reasons，causes，results，effects，advice，suggestions，opinions，topics，background，introduction，advantages，disadvantages，attitudes，features，phenomena(phenomenon)，tips，characteristics(character)，personality，data，name，sex，conclusion等。有时不仅需要记清楚这些概括性词汇，还要熟练掌握该词汇的常用搭配，以便迅速锁定最佳词语。如比较an i

4、ntroduction of something，instructions for something，measures to something和knowledge about something 后，考生们可以根据不同的介词的使用，快速辨清到底应使用这几个相近名词中的哪一个。2）巧妙运用转换。有时原文中的词汇不能直接用来填入空格，要求学生用相应词组替代转换。这就需要考生们平时多积累英语词汇，学会用英语解释英语，多查英英词典，巧用同义词、反义词、前缀、后缀、常用句型、词语搭配等。4检查答案。主要检查字数是否符合要求，所填内容与原文意思是否保持通顺一致，句意是否连贯，是否符合语法规则等。总之，

5、只要考生注意平时多做任务型阅读的题目，多总结各种表格的特点，注意常用词汇的积累，做题时细心并适时随机应变，完全可以游刃有余地应对任务型阅读这种新题型。【三年高考】 09、10、11 、12高考试题及其解析2012高考英语试题2012江苏卷 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意： 每个空格只填一个单词。“Happiness Advantage” EffectIn July 2010 Burts Bees, a personalcare products company, was going through enormous change as it

6、began a global expansion into 19 new countries. In this kind of highpressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their inboxes with urgent demands. In doing so, managers lift everyones anxiety level, which activates the part of the brain that processes thr

7、eats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex (大脑皮层), which is responsible for effective problem solving. Burts Beess thenCEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach. Each day, hed send out an email praising a team member for work related to global marketing. Hed interrupt his own presentat

8、ions to remind his managers to talk with their teams about the company s values. He asked me to further a threehour session with employees on happiness in the course of the expansion effort. As one member of the senior team told me a year later, Wolfgang s emphasis on developing positive leadership

9、kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one. That outcome shouldnt surprise us. Research shows that when people work with a positive mindset (思维模式), performance on nearly every levelproductivity, creativity, involvementimproves. Yet ha

10、ppiness is perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people believe that success comes before happiness. “Once I get a promotion, Ill be happy，” they think. Or, “Once I hit my sales target, I ll feel great.” But because success is a moving targetas soon as you hit your targ

11、et, you raise it againthe happiness that results from success does not last long. In fact, it works the other way around: People who have a positive mindset perform better in the face of challenge. I call this the “happiness advantage”every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positi

12、ve. Ive observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee happiness and success. And Im not alone: In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers found strong evidence of causeandeffect relationship between life satisfaction and succ

13、essful business outcomes.Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy we are. To be sure, both factors have an impact. But one s general sense of wellbeing is surprisingly unstable. The habits you form, the way you interact w

14、ith colleagues, how you think about stressall these can be managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.【文章大意】最近一项研究表明，一个人的幸福感可能会决定是否能够成功。所以在企业中，若经理保持着乐观的管理态度，体贴员工，这将使员工的幸福感增强，从而更愿意投入到工作中。75. difference归纳总结题。根据第二段最后一句“as they successfully transformed the company into a global one”可

15、知积极的领导关系对员工的表现起着非常大的作用。make a difference“起作用，有效果”，符合语境。76. positively词性转变题。根据第三段第二句“when people work with a positive mindset”可知答案。注意此处用positive的副词形式positively修饰动词think。77. success/achievements细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“you raise it againthe happiness that results from success does not last long.”可知答案。78. stron

16、gly词性转变题。根据第四段最后一句“researchers found strong evidence of causeandeffect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.”可知此处用strong的副词形式strongly修饰动词prove。79. determined/decided词性转变题。根据最后一段“is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines how happy

17、 we are.”可知此处答案。80. chances/possibilities/opportunities归纳推理题。根据最后一段最后一句可知“你形成的习惯，与同事交流的方式，如何看待压力等都和是否有可能成功有关系”，故此处表示“可能性/机会”，即chances/possibilities/opportunities。2011高考英语试题（2011江苏卷）任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。When Should a Leader Ap

18、ologize and When Not?Why Difficult?When we wrong someone we know, even not intentionally, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when were acting as leaders, the circumstances are different. The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individu

19、al but also at the level of the institution. It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness.

20、 A successful apology can turn hate into personal and organizational harmonywhile an apology that is too little, too late, or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. What, then, is to be done? How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly?Why Now?The questi

21、on of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology cultureapologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more frequently than before. More newspaper writers have writ

22、ten about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles, cartoons, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies.Why Bother?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be difficult, embarrassing,

23、 and even risky? Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. F

24、or a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason. Leaders will publicly apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not doing so.Why Refuse? Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize, even when a public apology seems to be in or

25、der? Their reasons can be individual or institutional. Because leaders are public figures, their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even professionally risky. Leaders may also be afraid that admission of a mistake will damage or destroy the organization for which they are respon

26、sible. There can be good reasons for hanging tough in tough situations, as we shall see, but it is a high-risk strategy.【解析】根据第一段第三句“The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also”或第四句“It is a performace.”可知此处表示“行为（表现/活动）”。【解析】根据第三段第四句“They are expected to appea

27、r strong and capable.”可知此处be expected/ supposed/ required to do sth 表示“被期望/应该/被要求要求做某事”。78. 答案public【解析】根据第三段最后一句“Leaders will publicly apologize if”可知此处in public表示“在公共场合（公开地）”。79. 答案likely【解析】根据第四段第三句“,their apologies are likely to be personally comfortable and even professionally risky.”可知此处be lik

28、ely to be表示“很有可能”。80. 答案harm/ damage【解析】根据第三段第四句“will damage or destory”可知此处do harm/ damage to表示“对有害”。2010高考英语试题（2010高考江苏卷）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。For more than twenty years scientists have been seeking to understand the mystery of the “sixth sense of

29、directionBy trying out ideas and solving problems one by one，they are now getting closer to one answerOne funny idea is that animals might have a built-in compass(指南针)Our earth itself is a big magnet(磁体)So a little magnetic needle that swings freely lines itself with the big earth magnet to point no

30、rth and southWhen people discovered that idea about a thousand years ago and invented the compass，it allowed sailors to navigate (航海)on ocean voyages, even under cloudy skies.Actually the idea of the living compass came just from observing animals in nature Many birds migrate twice a year between th

31、eir summer homes and winter homesSome of them fly for thousands of kilometers and mostly at nightExperiments have shown that some birds can recognize star patternsBut they can keep on course even under cloudy skiesHow can they do that?A common bird that does not migrate but is great at finding its w

32、ay home is the homing pigeonNot all pigeons can find their way homeThose that can are very good at it，and they have been widely studiedOne interesting experiment was to attach little magnets to the birds heads to block their magnetic sensejust as a loud radio can keep you from hearing a call to dinn

33、erOn sunny days, that did not fool the pigeonsEvidently they can use the sun to tell which way they are goingBut on cloudy days，the pigeons with magnets could not find their wayIt was as if the magnets had blocked their magnetic senseSimilar experiments with the same kind of results were done with h

34、oneybeesThese insects also seem to have a special sense ot directionIn spite of the experiments，the idea of an animal compass seemed pretty extraordinaryHow would an animal get the magnetic stuff for a compass？An answer came from an unexpected sourceA scientist was studying bacteria that live in the

35、 mud of ponds and marshesHe found accidentally little rod-like bacteria that all swam together in one directionnorthFurther study showed that each little bacterium had a chain of dense particles inside，which proved magneticThe bacteria had made themselves into little magnets that could line up with

36、the earths magnetThe big news was that a living thing，even a simple bacterium，can make magnetiteThat led to a search to see whether animals might have it. By using a special instrument called magnetometer，scientists were able to find magnetite in bees and birds，and even in fishIn each animal，except

37、for the beethe magnetic stuff was always in or closer to the brainThusthe idea of a builtin animal compass began to seem reasonableThe Magnetic Sense The Living CompassPassage outlineSupporting detailsThe existence of the earth magnet and the invention of the navigating compassOur earth is a big mag

38、net and a little freely (71) magnetic needle lines itself with the earth magnet to point north and south.(72) on the idea above, the navigating compass was invented.The possibility of birds built-in compasses One piece of evidence is the (73) of many birds between their summer homes and winter homes

39、. Birds can recognize star patterns on clear nights and keep on course (74) under cloudy skies The (75) on pigeons and bees built-in compassesLittle magnets were tied to the pigeons heads to (76) their magnetic sense.The pigeons magnetic sense seemed to be affected on (77) days.Similar things with t

40、he same results were done with bees.The (78) of the magnetic stuff for the animal compassLittle rod-like bacteria were found by chance to swim together in the direction of (79) .Some animals had a chain of dense magnetic particles in or close to the (80) inside their bodies.71.【解析】 swinging 。将文章中的第二

41、段中第二句中定语从句that swings 换用在现在分词swinging作定语。2009高考英语试题（09江苏卷）第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。Communication PrinciplesHow you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate“Every individual exists in a continually chan

42、ging world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send themBut every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communicationA studentfor instance，may

43、 describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesnt like the fact that I dont agree with his opinionsand thats why he gave me such a poor grade in that class”The teacher might say the oppositeEach person may believe that he is correct and that the other persons view is

44、wrongThe concept of serf originates in communicationThrough verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of othersYou establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others think of youPositive，negative，and neutral messages that you

45、receive from others all play a role in determining who you areCommunication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue processOur understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other peopleIn a more obvious waycommunication involves others in the sense that a competent communi

46、cator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to shareSo，the communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the selfCommunication Occurs almost every minute of your lifeIf you are not communicating with your

47、self(thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you)，you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behaviorEven if the other person did not intend a message for youyou gather observations and draw specific conclusionsA person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your mess

48、ageA second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to youA third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to youWe are continually picking up meanings from othersbehaviors and we are constantly provi

49、ding behaviors that have communicative value for themMore often than not，you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statementYou may have made a joke out of your rude statementNo

50、netheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mindYou cannot go back in time and erase your messages to othersCommunication cannot be reversed(倒退)，nor can it be repeatedWhen you tried to recreate the atmosphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed rig

51、htYour second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results Paragraph 0utlineSupporting Details Communication begins with the selfPeople are somewhat products of others treatment and messageswe are always(71) in communication with others Communication (72) othersExperiences

52、 of others help children learn to accept rolesMessages from others help you(73) who you areNeeds and(74) of others should be considered Communication (75) everywhereWe are communicating with ourselves by thinking，planning and reacting to the outside worldWe are always(76) other people by observing e

53、ven if they do not intend any message for youWe are constantly collecting meanings from others(77) We are constantly(78) meanings by what we do Communication cannot be reversed nor repeatedYou may explain what you have done，but you cannot(79) what remains in the other persons mindYon may redo the co

54、nversation，but you(80) achieve the same results任务型阅读的文章主题是关于如何与人沟通71self-centredsubjective 76readingunderstanding/knowing72involves 77behaviorsactsaction(s)activities73determinedefineknowunderstand 78conveyingexpressing74expectationshopesdesireswishes 79eraseremovedelete/change75occurshappensexistsa

55、rises 80cantcannot71、【答案】self-centredsubjective本文谈论交际原则。从表格可看出文章包括四个部分。即一段一个分论点。第一段概述交际从自我开始；第二段概述交际与他人相关；第三段提出交流无处不在；最后一段讲述交流不可能重来。71self-centredsubjective。由第一段的But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communica-tion以及接下来举的例子可归纳出答案。77behaviorsactsaction(s)activities。根据第三段最后一句中的We

56、 are continually picking up meanings from othersbehaviors。78conveyingexpressing。根据第三段最后一句中的we are constantly providing behaviors that have communieative valHe for them的含义可联想到convey或express。79eraseremovedeletechange。根据第四段的You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others可确定答案。80Cantcannot。

57、由第四段的最后一句When you tried to recreate the atmosphere，the conversation，andthe setting，nothing seemed rightYour second experience with asimilar setting and person made far different results可归纳出”即使重新对话，也不可能获得同样的效果”。所以答案为cant。【两年模拟】 10、11、12名校模拟题及其答案12名校模拟题及其答案【2012江苏百校联考】任务型阅读处共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请认真阅读下列短

58、文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填人一个最恰当的单词。 注意；请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。 What Should You Do When an Earthquake Hits?If you find the ground shaking beneath your feet，theres an international consensus on how you should act. Earthquake safety boils down to tht-ee basic steps： 1 . Drop to the ground. 2. Take c

59、over by getting under a sturdy deck or table. 3: Hold on to it until the shaking stops. If there isnt a table or desk near you，drop to the ground in an inside corner of the building and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms. Do not try to run to another room just to get under a table.If

60、you are in bed，hold on and stay there，protecting your head with a pillow. You are less likely to be injured staying where you are: Broken glass on the floor has caused injury to those who have rolled to the floor or tried to get to doorways.If you are outdoors，move to a clear area if you can safely

61、do so；avoid power lines，trees，signs, buildings，vehicles, and other hazards: If youre at the movies ox a sports game，stay at your seat and protect your head and neck with your arms. Dont try to leave until the shaking is over, Then walk out slowly watching for anything that could fall in the aftersho

62、cks.If youre driving a car，pull over to the side of the road，stop，and set the parking brake. Avoid overpasses, bridges, power lines，signs and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over: If a power line falls on the car，stay inside until a trained person removes the wire.If your

63、e by the shore，drop，cover and hold on until the shaking stops. Estimate how long the shaking lasts. If severe shaking lasts 20 seconds or more, immediately evacuate to high ground as a tsunami(海啸）might have been generated by the earthquake: 1Vlove inland 3 kilometers（2 miles）or to land that is at le

64、ast 30 meters（100 feet) above sea level immediately. Dont wait for officials to issue a warning. Walk quickly，rather than drive，to avoid trafficdebris and other hazardsIf you live downstream for a dam，you should know flood-zone information and have prepared an evacuation plan. Latastrophie failure i

65、s unlikely，but dams can fail during major earthquakes.The main point is to try not to move and to immediately protect yourself as best as possible where you are. Earthquakes occur without any warning and may be so violent that you cannot run or crawl；you therefore will most likely be knocked to the

66、ground where you happen to be. You will never know if the initial jolt will turn out to be start of the big one In addition，studies of injuries and deaths caused by earthquakes in the US over the last several decades indicate you are much more likely to be injured by falling or flying objects（TVs，la

67、mps，glass，bookecases，etc.）than to die in a collapsed building. Drop，Cover，and Hold on offers the best overall level of protection【解析】【2012届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第一次模拟】任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。A judge in Los Angeles has sentenced Michael Ja

68、cksons personal physician to four years in prison for the 2009 death of the pop superstar.Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Michael Pastor Tuesday handed the sentence to Dr. Conrad Murray, who was convicted earlier this month of involuntary manslaughter(过失杀人) in Jacksons death. Murray, however, could

69、 serve only half his sentence due to overcrowding in Californias prison system.In issuing the sentence, the judge described Murray as a reckless physician whose actions were a disgrace to the medical profession. Pastor also said Murray was involved in horrible medicine that included a sophisticated

70、scheme to get the powerful anesthetic, propofol, for Jackson. Pastor said Murray lied repeatedly and had not shown remorse for his actions in the treatment of Jackson, who battled insomnia（失眠证）.Prosecutors(原告) said Murray gave Jackson propofol, which is not approved for use as a sleep aid, and then

71、abandoned the entertainer while he, Murray, attended to personal matters. They said the doctor put off calling for emergency help after finding Jackson unresponsive. They also said Jackson put his trust in Murray and paid for it with his life.Murrays lawyers argued Jackson gave himself the fatal dos

72、age without the doctors knowledge. They said there is no proof the doctor did anything wrong. Murray did not take the stand in his defense.Jackson died in his bedroom at his rented mansion in June 2009. Prior to his death, he had been planning a series of comeback concerts.Apart from the criminal tr

73、ial, Jacksons father has filed a wrongful death suit, accusing Murray of lying to the doctors and paramedics who tried to save the singers life.Additionally, a hearing is set for January on a prosecution proposal that Murray pay more than $100 million in restitution to Jacksons family.【答案与解析】75.symp

74、athy/pity 根据文章中的Murray lied repeatedly and had not shown remorse for his actions in the treatment of Jackson可知填sympathy/pity；76.forbidden/banned 根据文章中的Murray gave Jackson propofol, which is not approved for use as a sleep aid,可知not approved与banned/ forbidden；77.Delaying根据文章中的the doctor put off calli

75、ng for emergency help可知put off与delay同义表达；78.Arguments根据文章中的Murrays lawyers argued Jackson gave himself the fatal dosage without the doctors knowledge.可知填Argument；79.knowing 根据文章中的Jackson gave himself the fatal dosage without the doctors knowledge.可知；80.defense/defence根据文章中的They said there is no proo

76、f the doctor did anything wrong. Murray did not take the stand in his defense.可知。【2012江苏四市高三调研】任务型阅读(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分) 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。Canadas wealth comes from the exploitation of its rich natural resources and from the work of its citizens. Can

77、adians are employed in a variety of jobs. All of these jobs can be grouped into one of three categories: extractive industries, manufacturing industries and service industries.Industries that take raw materials from the natural environment are called extractive or primary industries. Canada has a we

78、alth of natural resources. The extractive industries that have been developed to exploit these natural resources make an important contribution to the wealth of our economy. Without these extractive industries, and the money they bring from other countries, Canadas economy could not exist in its pre

79、sent form. Yet only a small percentage of Canadas labour force works in extractive industries. Extractive industries rely on labour-saving machines instead of human labour.Manufacturing industries process the products of extractive industries into finished products Manufacturing industries transform

80、 raw materials into many different forms to be used by consumers or by other companies. This processing may be done in one or more stages. For example, iron ore is transformed into steel in factories. This is called primary manufacturing. The steel is then sent to companies for further processing in

81、to cars, mining equipment, machines, nails, and other products-such as bicycle frames. This is called secondary manufacturing.Manufacturing industries are located in many towns and cities across Canada. Companies try to build their factories in densely populated areas because they want to near the p

82、eople who buy their products. If they locate near their customers, then they save money on shipping costs. Manufacturing industries provide more jobs to Canadians than do extractive industries. Yet the number of people employed in manufacturing is still small in comparison to the third category, ser

83、vices. As with extractive industries, manufacturing process use many machines that require relatively few workers.Service industries provide services needed by the extractive and manufacturing industries, and by society in general. Without these services, society could not operate. The majority of C

84、anadian workers do not produce “goods” in their jobs. Instead, they provide “services” for others. The range of services is very great and includes such things as retailing, office work, education, health care, communications, government, transportation, and personal services.Service industries in o

85、ne form or another are spread over the entire country. In every community there are stores, banks, schools, police forces, and dozens of other services. The majority of service industries are found in town and cities because services are provided for people and there are many more people in urban ar

86、eas,Canadas economy depends upon the creation of jobs in all three types of industry.IntroductionAll (71) can be divided into three categories: extractive industries, manufacturing industries and service industries.Extractive industriesExtractive industries are also called primary industries, which

87、are (72) with the exploitation of raw materials from the natural environment.(73) industriesManufacturing industries (74) raw materials into products, which can be used by people or companies.Manufacturing industries can be grouped into primary manufacturing and (75) manufacturing.Primary manufactur

88、ing (76) steel from iron ore for further processing.Secondary manufacturing will then use the steel to make products like cars, bikes, etc. for people to use.Service industriesService industries provide services the other two industries need. Without these services, our society cannot (77) .Service

89、industries provide jobs for shop assistants, office (78) , teachers, doctors, and many others.Service industries mainly provide services for (79) .ClosingOur society is (80) on all three trees of industry.71. jobs 72. associated/connected73. Manufacturing74. process/transform/turn75. secondary 76. m

90、akes77. operate/function 78. workers79. people80. based/dependent【答案与解析】【2012江苏徐州市高三月考】任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)请认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。 You might learn a great deal in school, but its uncertain that youll actually develop as a leader by reading a book o

91、r taking a course. The military is right about development based on experience: People grow and become leaders by making a commitment to a cause, and having personal responsibility. For those of us in civilian life, there are also ways to develop as leaders through experience: through volunteer serv

92、ice. There are various nonprofit missions from which to choose as well as roles and positions in which to get involved.Nonprofit board service is particularly convincing for business people and professionals seeking to develop as leaders. Business people who bring valuable skills and experience as w

93、ell as diverse backgrounds and viewpoints are uniquely equipped to help regional, national, and global organizations to achieve success in coping with poverty, education, health care, conservation of natural resources, and other key issues.Through nonprofit board experience, business people particip

94、ate with the CEO in foreseeing an organizations greater potential, creating the income model, and achieving success. Heres the secret to making the most of a service experience:1. Choose a cause thats meaningful to you, and where you like the people. Determine how you can be usefulwhether helping wi

95、th strategic planning, inviting friends to a fund-raising event or serving on the board. If youll be serving on the board, be clear about what will be expected of you so that you can fully devote yourself to it.2. Be open to opportunities to raise your hand and say, “Ill help.” When you know it, you

96、 could be in charge of a committee, and eventually perhaps serving as a board officer.3. Do pay attention to potential tutors on the board where you serve and among your friends and colleagues. Talk with other people who serve on boards to share experiences, lessons, and advice.4. Always remember th

97、e mission. It must be what you are always thinking about most as you take part in discussions and make decisions.5. Be generous with your time and your contributions. Once involved, youll be surprised at how aware you will become of whos a thoughtful leader and whos not. And then your personal exper

98、ience can ensure that books and various readings on leadership development will become more meaningful.Through my volunteer service since I was 10, Ive seen first-hand the power of service in developing leadership. Most of the hundreds of business people Ive trained and placed on boards have moved u

99、p to board leadership positions; the key has been that the match was right, and the board candidate was committed and ready to say, “Ill help.”Through service, you have tremendous opportunities to develop as a leader, become a more valuable professional where you work, and make a meaningful contribu

100、tion in improving your community and the world.Title: Approaches to the (71) of Leadership Skills.Civilians The militaryBusiness people and professionalsMaking a commitment to a causeChoosing a meaningful cause and determining the (75) you can be useful Being open to opportunities and (76) to offer

101、your helpBeing personally (72) (73) in volunteer servicePaying attention to (77) tutors on the boardChoosing from various nonprofit missionsAlways keeping the mission in (78) Devoting your time and making contributions (79) (74) yourself in roles and positionsConclusion: The volunteer service can of

102、fer you tremendous opportunities to make a leader, become more professional where you work, and make meaningful contributions in (80) up your community and the world.75. way 根据文章中的Choose a cause thats meaningful to you, and where you like the people. Determine how you can be useful可知；76. willing/rea

103、dy根据文章中的Be open to opportunities to raise your hand 可知； 77. potential 根据文章中的Do pay attention to potential tutors on the board可知；78.mind 根据文章中的Always remember the mission.可知；79. generously根据文章中的Be generous with your time and your contributions.可知；80. polishing/brushing根据文章中的make a meaningful contribu

104、tion in improving your community and the world.可知。【2012江苏南京盐城模拟】任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词；请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。AspirinAspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been used for many years as a painkiller. It also has an anti-inflammatory (消炎) action and can be used

105、 to reduce fever. Aspirin is already recommended for people to prevent stroke and heart attack because it improves ones blood circulation. So many people already take daily aspirin as a heart drug. Although aspirin can cause deadly internal bleeding, which is relatively rare, its benefits for people

106、 are great, not only to help increase the length of peoples lives, but to prevent and treat cancer, or to stop cancer spread according to the latest research.Taking a low dose (剂量) of aspirin every day can prevent and possibly even treat cancer, fresh evidence suggests. Prof. Peter Rothwell, from Ox

107、ford University, and his colleagues, who carried out the latest work, had already linked aspirin with a lower risk of certain cancers, particularly bowel（肠） cancer. But their previous work suggested people needed to take the drug for about 10 years to get any protection. Now the protective effect oc

108、curs much soonerwithin three to five yearsbased on a new analysis of data from 51 trials involving more than 77,000 patients. And aspirin appears not only to reduce the risk of developing many different cancers in the first place, but may also stop cancers spreading around the body.Taking a low (75

109、300mg) daily dose of aspirin appeared to cut the total number of cancer cases by 25 % after only three yearsthere were nine cancer cases per 1,000 each year in the aspirin-taking group, compared with 12 per 1,000 for those taking dummy pills. It also reduced the risk of a cancer death by 15% within

110、five years (and sooner if the dose was higher than 300mg). And if patients stayed on aspirin for longer, their cancer death risk went down even furtherby 37% after five years.Low-dose aspirin also appeared to reduce the probability that cancers, particularly bowel, would spread to other parts of the

111、 body, and by as much as half in some instances. However, Prof. Rothwell says for most fit and healthy people, the most important things they can do to reduce their lifetime cancer risk is to give up smoking, take exercise and- have a healthy diet.But experts warn that there is still not enough proo

112、f to recommend it to prevent cancer cases and deaths and warn that the drug can cause dangerous side effects like stomach bleeding. Prof. Peter Johnson of Cancer Research UK, along with other experts, said it was still a good idea that people thinking of taking aspirin should first consult their doc

113、tors because of the possible side effect. And people should get some decisive advice from the government as to whether aspirin should be recommended more widely and the government should also advise the public about the benefits and risks of aspirin.任务型阅读76.reduce /lower/decrease /prevent; 根据文章中的It

114、also reduced the risk of a cancer death by 15% within five years可知；77.possible/probable; 根据文章中的Low-dose aspirin also appeared to reduce the probability that cancers可知；78.Experts/Reserchers; 根据文章中的experts warn that there is still not enough proof to recommend it to prevent cancer cases and deaths and

115、 warn that the drug can cause dangerous side effects like stomach bleeding.可知；79.before ; 根据文章中的it was still a good idea that people thinking of taking aspirin should first consult their doctors可知；80.advised根据文章中的the government should also advise the public about the benefits and risks of aspirin.可知

116、。【2012江苏南京市热身训练】任务型阅读请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。(A)Social function of public libraries in rural areasPublic libraries are various, such as Popular Library, Community Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public Library.The public libraries in underdeveloped countr

117、ies are marginalized and without any leading role in society. To develop “social function of the public library as an agent of change for rural development, we need to know more about the public library. The public library is the institution that serves a social function as a change agent in transmi

118、tting information and knowledge to the rural development without distinction of religion, race, political beliefs, or gender or sex. “Its an education for the people.” The social roles of the public library includes: developing an additional training courses to the rural school, trying to raise the

119、socioeconomic status, intellectual and moral development of rural populations. Through the different activities taking place: Training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;serving many people who had to leave school early (very typical of rural areas) by p

120、roviding adequate equipment and personnel to their information needs;facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against illiteracy, which in Peru and Latin America is one of the socio-educational problems that we suffer;helping users disoriented and not accustom

121、ed to consult the rural library, encouraging, motivating and attracting them to obtain maximum benefit and satisfaction of their readingsacting as an “Information Center for all”, but not a “Deposit and audiovisual library materials; for use by all members of the Community, particularly in rural are

122、as. What is interesting in learning, increasing their knowledge and culture, strengthening their appreciation of life and achieve their ideals. The social roles of the public library will depend much on their structure: Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of organization: Central and branch

123、offices, mobile libraries, book bags, methods widely used in rural areas of many countries. The public library is a state institution, and therefore promoted and sustained by it. It plays the role of the public service. It should not be an inert entity, as has happened in most developing countries.

124、Within a context of underdevelopment, public library remains as an institution isolated from the interests of the population, despite all efforts are made individually to avoid it. The public library and the rural development should be closely related, with the support of an appropriate education po

125、licy.Social function of public libraries in rural areasSocial structure, Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of the organizationStructures (80) the social roles(71) of librariesProblem mentionedSocial (74) Popular Library, (72) Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public Libr

126、aryThe public library in underdeveloped countries are not taking a (73) role in their societydeveloping (75) training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;serving early school-leavers (76) providing adequate equipment and personnel to their information nee

127、ds;facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against (77) .helping those who are not used to using a library to (78) the most benefit and satisfaction of their readings(79) as an “Information Center for all” 76. by根据文章中的serving many people who had to leave scho

128、ol early (very typical of rural areas) by providing adequate equipment and personnel to their information needs可知；77. illiteracy根据文章中的facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against illiteracy,可知；78. gain/obtain/get/achieve根据文章中的attracting them to obtain maxi

129、mum benefit and satisfaction of their readings可知；79. acting 根据文章中的acting as an “Information Center for all”, but not a “Deposit and audiovisual library materials;可知； 80. supporting根据文章中的The social roles of the public library will depend much on their structure: Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its s

130、ystem of organization可知。(B)“HEARTLESS”its not usually a word you would want to use to describe a person. But having his heart removed was what saved Craig Lewis lifeand what made him the first living “heartless” man.The 55-year-old had been dying of heart disease. He was told that he only had 12 hou

131、rs to live. That was when Billy Cohn and Bud Frazier, two doctors from the Texas Heart Institute, US, decided to try something new. They removed Lewis heart and replaced it with an artificial (人造的) one. Less than a week after the operation, Lewis was able to sit up in bed and speak to his family, ac

132、cording to Reuters.Lewis kept on living like a normal person, with only one differencehe didnt have a heartbeat. The human heart usually pumps blood through our bodies by beating regularly. By contrast, this artificial heart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades(桨叶). If you were to touch L

133、ewis or listen to his chest, you would not feel a heartbeat. If you hooked him up to an EKG(心电图) machine, the line would be flat.Scientists have been trying to create a working artificial heart for years. Many people suffer from serious heart disease and cannot get transplants. Until now, all artifi

134、cial hearts either broke down or caused blocks and infections.But after five years of hard work, Dr Cohn and Dr Frazier developed this artificial heart. It is smaller and quieter than other artificial hearts and can last much longer. They tested it on 38 calves (牛犊) and all of them turned out energe

135、tic and healthy. Lewis is the first human proof that the machine is a success.The doctors will have to work more on the device and decide on a final design before it can be widely used. The US Food and Drug Administration will also need to say that the machine is safe. But this artificial heart look

136、s likely to bring a ray of hope to thousands of patients.Life as a heartless manPassage outlineSupporting detailsA (71) in the history of medicine55-year-old Lewis was on the (72) of death. He was told that he only had 12 hours to live.Two American doctors had his heart (73) and replaced it with an

137、artificial one. That made Lewis the first living heartless man.Differing from the human heartLewis new heart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades.His heart rate is at (74) with a (75) line on the screen of an EKG machine.(76) of this artificial heartIt is smarter and quieter than other ar

138、tificial hearts and can last much longer.It hasnt yet broken down. Nor has it got (77) and infected.Reasons for being (78) about this artificial heartThe doctors will have to further (79) the device before it is massively produced.Yet this artificial heart looks likely to bring the opportunity of (8

139、0) to thousands of patients.答案：71. wonder 根据文章内容换掉心脏成功是奇迹；所以填wonder； 72. edge 根据文章中的The 55-year-old had been dying of heart disease. He was told that he only had 12 hours to live. (C)Which is the best college or university in the country? That all depends on who you ask. There are several well-respe

140、cted college ranking experts out there, but their number one picks vary wildly, from West Point to Harvard University. If anyone is using the rankings as the only way to decide, that is wrong for the rankings. Here is what you need to know to use each of them well when considering college choices.Th

141、e methods vary wildly. U.S. News & World Report ranks colleges nationally and by region and type, so large national universities, like Harvard and Princeton, dont appear on the same lists as smaller liberal arts colleges. The colleges themselves provide information including reputation surveys, admi

142、ssions data, SAT and ACT scores, acceptance rates, faculty salaries, financial resources, class size, and student-faculty ratios. Failure to fill out a survey completely (or having the survey completed by different people from year to year) can result in a change in rank. Rankings are generally stab

143、le over time.Forbes, which started ranking colleges in 2008, does not divide schools by size or region. Instead, 650 schools are ranked for Forbes based on student evaluations on RateMyP, the number of graduates listed in Whos Who in America, salary information for graduated from P, average student

144、loan debt and default rates, and four-year graduation rates, among other things.The Princeton Review offers up 62 different Top 20 lists instead of ranking schools in order from best to worst. The data comes from surveying 122,000 students at 376 colleges, The Princeton Review said in a statement, a

145、nd their lists offer rankings on everything from class size, political activity to social life.Know what you want in a college.Before putting much weight into a schools rank, its important for students to decide what theyre really looking for in a collegeand they shouldnt wait until the last minute

146、to start their search. They have to do the hard homework of understanding the cost, location, activities listening to peoples advice about where students from that high school have gotten into.Consider the classes and degrees offered by each collegedo they fit your interests? What is the campus like

147、do you want a city setting or a classic, tree-lined courtyard? If you can, visit several schools and talk to studentswhat teaching style do the instructors have, how are the classrooms set up? And, last but not least, take a look at tuition, room, board, and fees, as well as typical financial aid pa

148、ckageswhich schools are affordable for your family?Top universities in any ranking list are probably the most competitive. It goes without saying that only a small number of students can get into the top 10. Students need to be realistic about their qualifications, and understand that, even if they

149、are qualified, they still might not get in. “The top 10 could be drawn from the top five percent of high school students or even less. Theres simply no place to accept every applicant. Title: How to use college (71) wiselyIntroductionUniversities are ranked wildly (72) on top lists.Methods of rankin

150、g collegesU.S. News & World Report by region and type with information provided by each college (73) .Forbesbased on (74) evaluationsThe Princeton Reviewbased on (75) like class size, political activity and social lifeInformation you need to know about collegesto do hard homework in (76) to know wel

151、l about collegesto (77) your own interest.(78) to get into top universitiesIt is hard for students, to be (79) to top universities, which do not have enough (80) for every applicant even qualified students.答案解析：71. rankings根据文章中的If anyone is using the rankings as the only way to decide, that is wron

152、g for the rankings.可知；72. differently根据文章中的their number one picks vary wildly, from West Point to Harvard University.可知；73. itself根据文章中的The colleges themselves provide information including reputation surveys, admissions data, SAT and ACT scores, acceptance rates, faculty salaries, financial resourc

153、es, class size, and student-faculty ratios.可知；74. student / graduate / students / graduates 根据文章中的Instead, 650 schools are ranked for Forbes based on student evaluations on RateMyP,可知；75. everything根据文章中的 Princeton Review said in a statement, and their lists offer rankings on everything from class s

154、ize, political activity to social life.可知；76. advance根据文章中的Before putting much weight into a schools rank, its important for students to decide what theyre really looking for in a college77. consider根据文章中的Consider the classes and degrees offered by each collegedo they fit your interests? (D)You want

155、 to be confident and feel confident, but what if youre starting with little or no confidence? True self-confidence isnt an overnight acquisition. It takes dedication to realize you are a good human being that is worthy of respect and love. Recognize your insecuritiesWhat does that voice in the back

156、of your mind say? Why do you feel uncomfortable or ashamed of yourself? This could be anything from regrets to friends at school or negative experience. Whatever is making you feel unworthy, or ashamed, identify it, give it a name, and write it down. You can also tear these written pieces to start f

157、eeling positive on those points. Get rid of insecurities graduallyEach day you should weaken it. Theres no quick fix. Get to the root of the problem; focus on it and understand that you need to resolve each issue before you can move on. Check if it is an old past emotion and if it is really still re

158、levant or applicable in your life today. And that does not mean you have to get rid of whatever makes you feel bad (many times, you simply cant). You need to learn to accept yourself, your past, your circumstances as they are, without necessarily thinking of them as “bad”. Identify your successesEve

159、ryone is good at something, so discover the things at which you do extremely well, then focus on your talents. Give yourself permission to be proud of them. Give yourself credit for your successes. Inferiority (自卑) is a state of mind in which youve declared yourself a victim. Do not allow yourself t

160、o be victimized. Be PositiveAvoid self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others. Never allow others to make you feel inferiorthey can only do so if you let them. If you continue to dislike and look down upon yourself, others are going to do and believe likewise. Instead, speak positively about yours

161、elf, about your future, and about your progress. Do not be afraid to show your strengths and qualities to others. By doing so, you strengthen those ideas in your mind and encourage your growth in a positive direction. Apply “facial feedback theory” Studies surrounding whats called the facial feedbac

162、k theory suggest that the expressions on your face can actually encourage your brain to express certain emotions. So by looking in the mirror and smiling every day, you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run. Help othersWhen you know youre helpful to the people around yo

163、u, and are making a positive difference in other peoples lives (even if its just being kinder to the person who serves you coffee in the morning), youll know that you are a positive force in the worldwhich will boost yourself confidence. Now, dear friends, will you let confidence keep you company? B

164、e confident, and accomplishing your goals will be just around the corner.Title: The ways to become confidentSpecific ways Supporting detailsRecognizing insecuritiesFind out what (71) you uncomfortable or ashamed，forget it and feel positive. (72) insecurities graduallyFind out the (73) of problems, r

165、esolve them and learn to accept (74) you are.Identifying successesFind out your talents, take pride in them and (75) yourself for your successes.Being positiveSpeak (76) about yourself.Dont make yourself (77) by others. Applying “facial feedback theory”Look in the mirror and smile to gain more (78)

166、.Helping othersBe of (79) to the people around you.ConclusionConfidence helps people accomplish goals and become worthy to be (80) and loved. 答案解析：71. makes根据文章中的Whatever is making you feel unworthy, or ashamed, identify it, give it a name, and write it down. 可知；77. pitied / sympathized根据文章中的 Avoid

167、self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others. Never allow others to make you feel inferiorthey can only do so if you let them. 可知；78. confidence根据文章中的So by looking in the mirror and smiling every day, you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run. 可知； 79. help根据文章中的When yo

168、u know youre helpful to the people around you, and are making a positive difference in other peoples lives可知； 80. respected根据文章中的第一段True self-confidence isnt an overnight acquisition. It takes dedication to realize you are a good human being that is worthy of respect and love.可知。江苏省苏州市高三教学调研测试英语Sear

169、ching for the truth Collecting and writing news is like researching in history:the best information comes from those who were there at the time. So if we want to study the history of China in the sixth century AD, we look at the writings of the people who lived then. They are called the primary sour

170、ces because they tell us what it was like to live then. People at a much later date who write about the same events are called the secondary sources. For example, when we read the original writings of Jia Sixie on agriculture, we are reading a primary source;when we read about Jia Sixie in our textb

171、ook we are reading a secondary source because the passage was written about him and his ideas many years after he died. When we make news we use primary and secondary sources. We can see this most clearly in TV programmes. As we watch the news on TV, the person presenting the programme in the studio

172、 is the secondary source(because he tells us about the news) and the reporter in Iraq or Washington is the primary source (because he is telling us about what is actually happening there). Without these reporters acting as primary sources, you would never find out what really happened in a war, eart

173、hquake, sports meeting, concert or festival. These reporters explain what is happening so we have a clearer idea of what is going on there. They often take photographers with them who act as primary source by giving pictures of events. In a newspaper the position is different because these two roles

174、 are often combined. This means a reporter who investigates a story may be the same person who writes it. If this happens, the reporter is both the primary and the secondary source. But the photographer who works with him/her is still a primary source. One of the reasons that it is important to sepa

175、rate primary and secondary sources is that they help us to decide what is a fact and what is an opinion. A fact is something that everybody agrees has happened. An opinion is somebodys idea of what happened. So facts and opinions are often mixed in any report, whether in a newspaper or on TV.What ha

176、ve you learnt from the above passage?Primary sourcePrimary sources are the writings of the people who lived at (71)_time and offer an inside view of a particular event.Secondary sourceSecondary sources are the writings of the people who write about the same events at a much later date with explanati

177、on and analysis (72)_ on primary sources.News on TVThe TV (73)_ in the studio is the secondary source while the reporter on the (74)_ is the primary source.News in a newspaperA newspaper reporter can be both primary and secondary source if he collects the information and then (75)_ the news. But the

178、 photographer(76)_ with the reporter is always a primary source.FactA fact is something that everybody agrees has happened. In other (77)_, it is something that is (78)_.OpinionAn opinion is somebodys idea of what (79)_ on.ConclusionPrimary and secondary sources are both important for (80)_ the trut

179、h.答案: 75.writes76.working根据第三段第二行“a story may be the same person who writes it”以及“But the photographer who works with him/her”可知“who works means working”。77.words78.true本题考查固定短语in other words换句话说, 以及对in other words之前一句的理解, 与整篇文章没有多大关联。79.went根据最后一段“An opinion is somebodys idea of what happened, here

180、 happen means go on”发生, 进行。80.discovering根据对整篇文章的理解, 无论是primary source还是secondary source都有利于发现事物的真相, 因为“facts and opinions are often mixed in any report”。江苏省南通市高三第二次调研测试 A technical secondary school in Nanjing, east Chinas Jiangsu province, planned to order Korean-style school uniforms for students,

181、 but parents opposed the move, believing that the new uniforms looked too good and would encourage early romances among the students, the Jinling Evening Paper reported Monday. Parents “My daughter was so excited about the Korean-style uniform, saying its her dream to wear mini-skirt to school every

182、 day,” a mom surnamed Cheng complained. “My daughter also called her classmates to talk about how handsome the boys looked in the uniform!” Cheng looked on the Internet and found that most Korean schoolboy uniforms are similar to western suits. “They are so handsome! My daughter is a fan of Korean f

183、ashion, thats why she is crazy about the uniform!” Cheng said.“If the students wear such beautiful uniforms, how can they study well? I prefer the sports wear which makes me think of health and positive thinking.”School “The plan to change the current school uniform from sports wear has been cancell

184、ed,” an employee of the school told the Jinling Evening Paper. “The students dislike the current uniform, so the school took advice from the students last November, knowing that most of students prefer Korean-or Japanese-style school uniforms. We know cities like Shanghai and Guangzhou have changed

185、their sports wear school uniforms to more fashionable uniforms,” an employee surnamed Lin said. “However, we had to stop the plan because many parents are strongly against it. Some parents think its just a way for the school to make money, and others think the new uniforms will take students attenti

186、on away from their studies,” Lin said. When asked about the possibility of problems with early romance between students because of the more fashionable uniforms, Lin said he hadnt considered it. He, however, agreed that the Korean-style uniform makes the students more charming. Students The students

187、 are very disappointed about the schools final decision. They think the sports wear uniforms make them look androgynous (难分性别). They said the Korean-style uniform has many advantages such as raising interest in class; lifting confidence; improving solidarity and creating good temperaments. As for co

188、ncerns about romance, the students believe that love is love and bears no relationship to the uniform. Education department “We dont have a unified (统一的) standard for school uniforms. The schools can choose their own styles. Either sports wear or uniforms are ok,” an official from the Nanjing Bureau

189、 of Education said. TitleDo pretty school uniforms lead to early romance?Event A technical secondary school planned to order Korean-style school uniforms for students.Different (1) to itParents are strongly(2) the move.With such beautiful designs,the new uniforms might (3) early romances between boy

190、s and girls.In the new uniforms,students would fail to foceus their (4) on their studies.It is just a way for the school to make money.Students are in (5) of the move. The sports wear uniforms make them look androgynous. Korean-style uniform can make them more (6) and more interested in class as wel

191、l as improving solidarity and creating good temperaments.Two responsesFrom the school The students dislike the current uniform. More(7) school uniforms are allowed in some big citiesin China. The school spokesman Lin said they hadnt taken the possibility of early romance into(8) ,though he agreed th

192、e Korean-style uniform would make the students more charming.From the education departmentThere is no unified standard for school uniforms,so the schools can choose their own styles.ResultThe school had to(9) the plan and the students felt(10) _ .【文章大意】本文主要是讲南京某中学计划为学生定购韩国风格的校服而引发的争论，家长坚决反对，最终学校不得不放

193、弃，学生感到很失望。 (6)confident解析:根据第九段中“such as raising interest in class； lifting confidence”可得关键词confidence，而此处应用形容词比较级more confident。(7)fashionable解析:根据第五段最后一句“to more fashionable uniforms”可知。(8)considerationaccount 解析:根据第七段中“Lin said he hadnt considered it”可得consider，而此处需转换成take something into consider

194、ation表示把考虑在内。(9)cancelstop解析:根据文章第六段第一句“we had to stop the plan”可知。(10)disappointeD解析:根据文章第八段第一句“The students are very disappointed about”可知。2010江苏省淮安市模拟测试 In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men. Even today, its still true that few women become

195、civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but thats something www.EngineerGirl.org aims to change. Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered. Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs an

196、d then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women. Mary Mattis is the National Academy of Engineering, says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach y

197、oung women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures. We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that its a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their a

198、wareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer. But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you cant start thinking about taking those courses when youre a junior in high school.

199、 Engineering is a demanding course of study - there is a lot of science and mathematics, and for many girls - and boys, for that matter - that can be intimidating. But Ms. Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting. Its about designing things. It

200、s about changing the world for people. Its about making a difference. And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get. While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical

201、 and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and - believe it or not - chocolate engineering. Theres a section called why be an engineer, and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different oppo

202、rtunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income. Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, theres a lot of interesting information on the sit

203、e, including biographies of some notable women engineers. TitleWebsite Encourages Girls to (71) _ EngineeringPresent situation for the engineering profession in me USAThe majority of men take up the profession throughout (72) _, while only a small number of women work as (73) _.(74) _ of the website

204、To make young women (75) _ of interesting fields in engineering and what productivity and (76) _ the career of being engineers can bring them.(77) _ of being engineers* It can be fun and exciting. * It can (78) _ the world for people. * You can make a good living. * You can gain economic (79) _ by b

205、ecoming an engineer.Other fields concerning engineeringVarious opportunities are talked about like with bio-engineering and engineering related to sports, (80) _ and even chocolate.71. Study/Learn 根据文章中心内容可知，该网站鼓励女性学习工程业。72. history 根据第一段的第一句话“In the United States, engineering is a profession that h

206、as been dominated historically by men.”可知。73. engineers根据文章第一句可知。74. Purpose/Aim/Goal/Intention 根据第三段可知。75. aware根据第四段第一句“increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering”可知。76. excitement根据第四段第一句“what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer.”可知。江苏省苏、锡、常

207、、镇高三教学情况调查（一）请认真阅读下面短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填上一个最恰当的单词。 Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for just three days! The first day would be a busy one. I should call to me all my dear friends and look long into their faces, imprinting(刻上) upon my mind the outward evidences of the

208、beauty that is within them. I should let my eyes rest, too, on the face of a baby, so that I could catch a vision of the eager, innocent beauty which precedes the individuals consciousness of the conflicts which life develops. And I should like to look into the loyal, trusting eyes of my dogsthe ser

209、ious, clever little Scottie, Darkie, and the strong, understanding Great Dane, Helga, whose warm, tender, and playful friendships are so comforting to me. On that busy first day I should also view the small simple things of my home. I want to see the warm colors in the carpets under my feet, the pic

210、tures on the walls, the lovely small furniture that transforms a house into home. My eyes would rest respectfully on the books in dot-raised type which I have read, but they would be more eagerly interested in the printed books which seeing people can read, for during the long night of my life the b

211、ooks I have read and those which have been read to me have built themselves into a great shining lighthouse, showing me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon of that first seeing day, I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate(使陶醉) my eyes on the beauti

212、es of the world of Nature trying desperately to absorb in a few hours the vast brilliance which is presenting itself to those who can see. On the way home from my woodland trip, my path would lie close to a farm so that I might see the patient horses ploughing in the field and the peaceful content o

213、f men living close to the soil. And I should pray for the glory of a colorful sunset. When dusk had fallen, I should experience the double delight of being able to see by artificial light which the genius of man has created to extend the power of his sight when Nature brings darkness. In the night o

214、f that first day of sight, I should not be able to sleep, so full would be my mind of the memories of the day!(by Helen Keller)The first day what Helen Keller would do (71)_ given three days to seeIn the morningLook long into the faces of all her dear friends so that she would never (72)_ the eviden

215、ces of their beauty.Catch a vision of the eager, innocent beauty of a baby by resting her eyes on his face.Look into the loyal, trusting eyes of her (73)_.View the small simple things of her home such as warm colors, pictures, trifles.Fix her eyes with (74)_ on the books in raised type she has read

216、and the printed books for seeing people with interest.In the afternoon(75)_ in the woods, intoxicate her eyes on the beauties of the world of Nature and absorb in a few hours the vast brilliance of the world.Walk (76)_ a farm, see the patient horses ploughing in the field and the peaceful content of

217、 men living close to the soil.Pray for the glory of a colorful sunset.In the (77)_Experience the double delight of being able to see, (78)_ by man-made light.At night(79)_ to sleep, so full would be her mind of the memories of the day!From the passage we know in spite of her (80)_, Helen Keller was

218、still full of love for life.答案: 71.if参照文章第一句“. if I had the power of sight for just three days! ”第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） On my first job as sports editor for Leader Enterprise, I didnt get a lot of fan mail, so I was attracted by a letter that was dropped on my desk one morning. When I opened

219、it, I read: A nice piece of writing on the Tigers. Keep up the good work. It was signed by Don Wolfe, the sports editor. Because I was a teenager, his words couldnt have been more inspiring. I kept the letter in my desk drawer. Whenever I doubted whether I had the talent to be a writer, I would rere

220、ad Dons letter and feel confident again. Later, when I got to know him, I learned that Don made a habit of writing a few quick, encouraging words to people in all walks of life. When I make others feel good about them-selves, he told me, I feel good too. Over the years, Ive tried to copy the example

221、 of Don, because I think they are on to something important. Such letters bring warmth. A few lines of praise have been known to turn around a day, even a life. Why, then, are there few such letter writers? My guess is that theyre afraid theyll be misunderstood, and sound insincere. Also, writing ta

222、kes time; its far easier to pick up the phone. Even though letter writing may take longer, some pretty busy people do it, including George Bush, who owes much of his success in politics to his ever-ready pen. How? Throughout his career he has followed up every contact with a line of praise or thanks

223、. His letters go not only to friends and colleagues, but to casual acquaintances and total strangers. Even top managers have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits of writing letters that lift people up. Former Ford chairman Donald Peterson, who was largely responsible for improving the bu

224、siness of the company in the 1980s, made it a practice to write positive messages to colleagues every day. What does it take to write letters that lift spirits and warm hearts? The most successful people include what I call the four Ss of letter writing. They are sincere. No one wants false praise.

225、They are usually short. Say what you want to do in three sentences. They are specific. Praising a business colleague by telling him good speech is too vague; great story about Warren Buffets investment strategy is precise. They are spontaneous（自发的）. This gives them the freshness and enthusiasm that

226、will stay in the readers mind long afterward. The thought counts. Please keep paper, envelopes and stamps close at hand, even when you travel. Be generous with your praise. Even if your praise is a little ahead of reality, remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled.Today I

227、got a warm letter from my old boss. His little letter to me was full of uplifting phrases, and it sent me to my computer to write a few overdue letters of my own. I dont know if they will make anybody elses day, but they made mine. As my friend Don Wolfe said, making others feel good about themselve

228、s makes me feel good too.The Power of a LetterExamplesAdvantagesDon WolfeTo encourage others and make them as well as 71_ feel goodGeorge BushTo keep 72_ with others to make his 73_ career successfulDonald PetersonTo change the company for the74_The writers old 75_To warm the writers heart and send

229、him to write to others76_ can we write encouraging letters well?Praise should be sincere, not 77_.Praise should be short, not long.Praise should be 78_, not vague.Praise should be spontaneous, not unnatural.People should be 79_ to praise others.People should be well prepared by 80_ paper, envelopes

230、and stamps close at hand. 71himself 72contact 73political 74better 75boss 76How 77false/insincere 78specific/precise 79generous 80keeping（南京市2011届高三第二次模拟考试）American life before 1950 felt nothing like American life feels now, and a big reason is those three changes that took place in the second half

231、of the 20th century, which has had the most lasting impact on our lives today. 1. The building of the interstates (州际公路). 2. The covering of the United States with coast-to-coast television. 3. The introduction and spread of the Internet. Before the interstates were constructed, even a trip within a

232、n individual state often took considerable planning; two-lane roads, dangerous and slow, were common. The interstates, tore down the invisible walls around U.S. towns. President Eisenhower was in favor of building the interstates, because he believed that, in a time of war, they would be helpful in

233、moving troops and supplies. But their immediate effect was to make Americans feel that certain doors had been unlocked. With the in1erstates came a sense of freedom: A person could drive anywhere-everywhere-easily. Suddenly, horizons were unlimited. Local didnt mean quite the same thing it used to.

234、Getting away was effortless. The introduction of national television meant that for the first time in history, people in every corner of the country were watching exactly the same thing at exactly the same moment. It connected the country, in a way that even network radio hadnt accomplished, and it

235、was because of the quality of the TV pictures. As with the interstates, coast-to-coast television was a cure to separation. Those who ran the newly formed television networks had an enormous amount of power. Their decisions about what to put on the air determined what people would be talking about t

236、he next day. They controlled what people would laugh at and when, what people would cry over and when, what would anger people and when it would anger them. And then, later in the century, the Internet came along erasing all symbolic borders. If the interstate highways had allowed physical freedom,

237、the Internet allowed a different kind of freedom, one unprecedented (空前的) in human experience. It was no coincidence that it was initially referred to as the information superhighway: Seemingly overnight, the knowledge of the world was available to anyone with a keyboard and a modem; people who had

238、never met and would never meet could communicate as if they were lifelong friends. Now the individual at his or her computer terminal was given the power to decide how he or she would be informed or entertained at a given moment. No one else had the absolute authority to arrange the individuals life

239、; he or she made that decision, moment by moment. What in the past might have taken a person a lifetime-searching for mankinds recorded wisdom in distant and magnificent librariesnow, in theory, was available with a series of key taps from ones room. What had once seemed unbelievable had, very quick

240、ly, become routine. The three developments ended up changing our daily world greatly; largely because of them, it is a world that would be almost unrecognizable to our grandparents and great-grandparents. Three developments that have 71. _ AmericaThe Internet Television The interstates Being called

241、the 77. _superhighway Putting an 72. _ to the previous traveling situation Bringing all Americans together to share the 75. _ programsMaking 78. _ with strangers possible Connecting all people of the U.S. Keeping the U.S. towns73. _ 76. _ peoples daily topics and controlling their emotions Making it

242、 easy to 74. _Allowing people to make 79. _ freely Making information 80. _ to people anytime and anywhere 71. changed 72. end 73. connected / linked / joined74. drive / travel 75. same 76. Determining / Deciding77. information 78. communication 79.decisions / choices80. available / accessible任务型阅读(

243、共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。Have you ever wondered why there are so many skin colours in the world? Do you know why people living in particular areas usually have a certain colour? Biology and history are the two reasons for this.Skin conta

244、ins something called melanin, which determines a persons skin colour. The more melanin a person has, the darker his or her skin will be. The amount of and production of melanin are controlled by genetics, but can be affected by other things, such as sunlight. If a person lives in a place with strong

245、 sunlight, his or her skin will protect itself by producing more melanin, making the skin darker. In a place with less sunlight, a persons body will produce less melanin, making the skin lighter.Skin colour is also affected by another sourcevitamin D. Humans all need vitamin D to build bones. People

246、 can get it by eating foods such as fish and milk, or from sunlight, which causes vitamin production in the skin. Melanin protects skin by absorbing sunlight, so sunlight absorbed by melanin cannot be used for vitamin D production. Therefore, a dark-skinned person will produce less vitamin D than a

247、light-skinned person when they received the same amount of sunlight.The connection between vitamin D production and skin colour is clear when we look at evolution. The earliest humans lived in Africa, their dark skin covered with hair. When they moved to places that had less sunlight, their bodies p

248、roduced less vitamin D because of their dark skin. As a result, their skin made less melanin, so they could get enough sunlight to produce vitamin D. their skin gradually got lighter and they lost hair. Now, people who live in areas with strong sunlight, like Africa, have darker skin, while people l

249、iving in other areas have lighter skin. The exception to this is the Inuit, who live in a place with little sunlight, but have dark skin because they eat a lot of fish and have enough vitamin D.Evolution has given us a rainbow of skin colours. Humans have always had melanin to determine our skin col

250、our. What has changed through history is the environment where we have lived. This has in turn changed our melanin production, and eventually, skin colour. A World of Skin ColourBrief (71) People living in a particular (72) usually have the same skin colour and there are many different skin colours

251、in the world.Reasons for skin colourThe reasons for different skin colours mainly (73) in biology and history.Biological reasonsl The amount of melanin, by which a persons skin colour is (74) , varies from people to people. The more melanin a person has, the (75) his or her skin will be.l Vitamin D

252、is another source (76) skin colour. Vitamin D is necessary for humans to build bones. Sunlight contributes to vitamin D production in the skin.Historical reasonsl The earliest people in Africa had dark skin with hair covering it because the sunlight is very strong. l When they moved to places where

253、they could not get enough sunlight to (77) vitamin D, their skin colour became lighter.l Generally speaking, people in areas with strong sunlight, have darker skin(78) people in other areas have lighter skin.(79) Melanin (80) an important role in our skin colour. With our living environment changing

254、, melanin production is changed, which leads to the changes in our skin colour.文章大意：文章主要介绍了关于人类不同的肤色是由于生理和历史两方面的原因。71. introduction 第一段主要结合生理和历史两方面的原因简短介绍了人类肤色不同的原因。77. produce 根据第四段的第三句When they moved to places that had less sunlight, their bodies produced less vitamin D because of their dark skin.

255、可知。78. while 根据第四段的people who live in areas with strong sunlight, like Africa, have darker skin, while people living in other areas have lighter skin.可知。79. Conclusion / Summary 根据文章最后一段是对引起皮肤不同原因的总结。80. plays根据文章最后一段是对引起皮肤不同原因的总结。其中melanin起了十分重要的作用。【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，根据所读

256、内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。Those who like to play with words are clever, or consider themselves clever. Playing with words in trademark registration, however, might bring you trouble or even a lawsuit (起诉).US basketball star Michael Jordan filed a lawsuit against Chinese company Qiaodan Sports las

257、t week for unauthorized use of his name. The company denied the accusation.“We just use a Chinese translation of a common foreign family name and it cannot be identified with Michael Jordan,” said Hou Lidong, the companys public relations manager.Jordan and his lawyer are waiting for the courts repl

258、y. But experts have said Jordans lawsuit may be difficult to win.Chinas law states that a trademark “shall not conflict with any previous right acquired by another person.” The “first to use” is a globally recognized principle.In this sense, Qiaodan Sports use of the name is legal in China.But the C

259、hinese companys actions may form an act of unfair competition, said Fu Minrong, a lawyer of Xinwenhua Law Firm in Shanghai, because company profits from making connections between its brand and Michael Jordan.A marketing institute based in Shanghai surveyed 400 young people in 2009. About 90% of the

260、 respondents thought Qiaodan Sports belongs to Michael Jordan, the Beijing Daily reported.Even if Jordan loses the lawsuit, Chinese brands such as Qiaodan are not winners either.The case reflects a big problem for Chinese brandscopycatting (盲目模仿), commented the Beijing Business Today. Critics point

261、out that Qiaodan Sports reputation and sales would receive a big blow, as customers are unwilling to be referred to as common buyers of copycat goods.Trademark preemptive (抢先的) registration is a global issue. In some cases, it even has become a tool of business competition.Shaolin Temple, for instan

262、ce, found in 2004 that more than 1,000 brands containing “Shaolin” had been registered without the approval of the temple in the US, Japan and Europe.To deal with that, the temple set up the Henan Shaolin Temple Industrial Development Co, to protect the temples intellectual property rights, Xinhua n

263、ews agency reported.The company has registered about 100 Shaolin-related brands in China and has applied to register “Shaolin” brands in over 100 countries, Xinhua said.Companies with a global vision are fully aware of the importance of trademarks.Although Facebook is inaccessible on the Chinese mai

264、nland, it has registered two Chinese trademarks in 2011 and an English trademark in 2007.Title: Brand name battlesOutlineSupporting DetailsA trademark battle US basketball star Michael Jordan took Chinese company Qiaodan Sports to (71) . The company insists they just use a Chinese translation of a c

265、ommon foreign family name and it has (72) to do with Michael Jordan.Different (73) to the lawsuitExperts say that Qiaodan Sports use of the name is legal in China. It (74) to Chinas law and principle.A lawyer in Shanghai says that an act of unfair competition arises, because Qiaodan Sports benefits

266、from Michael Jordan (75) .No (76) Experts think that Jordans lawsuit may be difficult to win.Qiaodan Sports reputation and sales would be ruined due to customers unwillingness to be (77) common buyers of copycat goods.The causes of trademark lawsuits and (78) to themCopycatting, which is a big probl

267、em for Chinese brands(79) trademarks preemptively, which is a global issueHaving a global vision and raising the (80) of trademarksBeing good at protecting intellectual property rights答案：任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。 Host family accommodation, or living with host f

268、amilies, remains popular among language travel students for its advantages. These days, host families are trying to offer more in terms of quality, for they still have something to worry about. Host family accommodation is often seen as the number-one choice for its advantages in language study, cul

269、tural communication and cost of living. Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster. Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot

270、 of time communicating with their “host parents”, and get to know the local way of life, people and culture. Another advantage is that host family accommodation can sometimes be the least expensive. It attracts students for it ensures them a family type of living at a low cost. The advantages, howev

271、er, have not prevented host families from worrying. On one hand, some host families are losing their unique selling point. The problem is that the majority of hosts in big cites, now generally single and young, have less times available for students but the selling point for host family accommodatio

272、n is communication practice. One the other hand, students expectations have risen. They are becoming more demanding and asking for more than ever from their accommodation, as they come mainly from high socio-economic groups in their own countries. To get out of the difficult situation, host families

273、 are now making efforts to improve the quality of service. They are trying to making living conditions better, including broadband Internet service, private bathroom, and access to plenty of hot water for long showers. They are also providing students with structured family activities. It is believe

274、d that host family accommodation will keep the popularity vote with language travel students. Title: 76.Host family _Theme Host families are improving the accommodation quality77. _1）Language study78. _ becoming faster 2）Cultural communication(1) 79. _with hosts(2) Knowing the local way of life, peo

275、ple and culture3）80. _ of livingBeing least expensive sometimes81. _1）Loss of selling pointHosts having less time for students2）82. _ in expectationsStudents becoming more demanding 83. _Service quality improvement(1) 84. _ living conditions(2) Organizing structured family activities85. _Host family

276、 accommodation will keep the popularity vote with students. 76accommodation这是对全文的概括，文章第一段第一句话就给了提示信息。其中，关键词是accommodation. 77Advantages.根据第二段内容，尤其是第一句：for its advantages in language study, cultural communication and cost of living. 再根据该题（表格）右边所对应的三点。其中，关键词是advantages. 82Rise 根据表格中该题右边的已知信息及第三段倒数第二句中

277、students expectations have risen.其中，关键词是risen. 83EffortsMeasures.根据该题表格右边的已知信息及第四段的内容尤其是该段第一句。其中，关键词是efforts. 84. Bettering 根据该题表格左边的已知信息及第四段第二句。其中，关键词是better.（bettering的形式根据该题下面的第（2）点已知信息organizing）.85. Conclusion根据全文的意义及最后一句。There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degr

278、ee of health and wealth and other comforts of life ,one becomes happy ,the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things

279、. The pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine ,the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things .Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleas

280、ure of society ,offend (hurt) many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied .The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation（仿效）.It grows into a habit, unknown

281、to its possessors .The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has seriou

282、s results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantag

283、es in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success .Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes .If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrong doings. These should change this bad habit an

284、d be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact（联系）with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.Happy a

285、nd unhappy peopleDifferent types of peopleOne type: fixing their attention on the (1) _ of things. The other type: thinking and speaking only of the (2) _things.Why there is the intention of criticizing and being disliked?Its taken up by (3) _.Whats the result of the bad habit?It brings on deep sorr

286、ow and (4) _.When can people cure the bad habit?when people realize its bad effects on their interests and (5) _.What will happen if they aim at getting some advantages in (6)_or fortune?Nobody wishes them (7) _.What will happen if they bring on themselves public (8) _?No one will (9) _ or excuse th

287、em.Many will join to criticize their (10) _.（3）来自原句“The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation,”所以用imitation。Host family accommodation, or living with host families, remains popular among language travel students for its advantages. These days, host families are

288、 trying to offer more in terms of quality, for they still have something to worry about. Host family accommodation is often seen as the number-one choice for its advantages in language study, cultural communication and cost of living. Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough pr

289、actice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster. Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot of time communicating with their “host parents”, and get to know the local way of life, people and cultu

290、re. Another advantage is that host family accommodation can sometimes be the least expensive. It attracts students for it ensures them a family type of living at a low cost. The advantages, however, have not prevented host families from worrying. On one hand, some host families are losing their uniq

291、ue selling point. The problem is that the majority of hosts in big cites, now generally single and young, have less times available for students but the selling point for host family accommodation is communication practice. One the other hand, students expectations have risen. They are becoming more

292、 demanding and asking for more than ever from their accommodation, as they come mainly from high socio-economic groups in their own countries. To get out of the difficult situation, host families are now making efforts to improve the quality of service. They are trying to making living conditions be

293、tter, including broadband Internet service, private bathroom, and access to plenty of hot water for long showers. They are also providing students with structured family activities. It is believed that host family accommodation will keep the popularity vote with language travel students. Title: 76.H

294、ost family _Theme Host families are improving the accommodation quality77. _1）Language study78. _ becoming faster 2）Cultural communication(1) 79. _with hosts(2) Knowing the local way of life, people and culture3）80. _ of livingBeing least expensive sometimes81. _1）Loss of selling pointHosts having l

295、ess time for students2）82. _ in expectationsStudents becoming more demanding 83. _Service quality improvement(1) 84. _ living conditions(2) Organizing structured family activities85. _Host family accommodation will keep the popularity vote with students.文章大意：本文主要讲寄宿家庭的住宿。76accommodation这是对全文的概括，文章第一

296、段第一句话就给了提示信息。其中，关键词是accommodation.77Advantages.根据第二段内容，尤其是第一句：for its advantages in language study, cultural communication and cost of living. 再根据该题（表格）右边所对应的三点。其中，关键词是advantages.78. Possibly 根据表格该题目的左边第一点提示及第二段第二句后language acquisition is likely to become faster.其中，关键词是likely.The State of Hawaii is

297、a state of the United States, located on a group of islands in the central Pacific Ocean southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of Australia. The state was admitted to the Union on August 21st, 1959, making it the 50th state. Its capital is Honolulu on the isla

298、nd of Oahu. The most recent census puts the states population at 1,211,537.This state includes nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian Island chain, which is made up of hundreds of islands spread over 1,500 miles. At the southeastern end of the group of islands, the eight “main islands” are Niihau, Kaua

299、i, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii. The last by far the largest, and is often called the “Big Island” or “Big Isle” to avoid confusion with the state as a whole.Hawaiis tallest mountain, Mauna Kea stands at 13,796 ft (4,205m) but is taller than Mount Everest if followed to the base

300、 of the mountainon the floor of the Pacific Ocean.All of the Hawaiian islands were formed by volcanoes erupting from a magma (岩浆) source described in geological theory as a hotspot. The theory maintains that as the plate beneath much of the Pacific Ocean moves in a northwesterly direction, the hot s

301、pot remains quiet, slowly creating new volcanoes. This explains why only volcanoes on the southern half of the Big Island, and the Loihi Seamount deep below the waters off its southern coast, are presently active, with Loihi being the newest volcano to form.The last volcanic eruption outside the Big

302、 Island occurred at Haleakala on Maui in the late 18th century, though recent research suggests that Haleakalas most recent eruption could be hundreds of years earlier.Because of the islands volcanic formation, native life before human activity is said to have arrived by the “3Ws”: wind (carried thr

303、ough the air), waves (brought by ocean currents), and wings (birds, insects, and whatever they brought with them). The complete separation of the Hawaiian Islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean from any continent, and the wide range of environments to be found on high islands located in and near

304、 the tropic (回归线), have resulted in a vast variety of plants and animals. Hawaii has more endangered species per square mile and has lost a higher percentage of its local species than anywhere else on Earth. OutlinesDetails71. p on a group of islands in the central Pacific Ocean72. p to the Unionon

305、August 21st, 1959Population1,211,539Formation of the Hawaiian Islandseruptions of 73. p The Hawaiian Island chainl 74. p of hundreds of islandsl eight “main lands” with the largest called the “big Island” or “Big Isle” to avoid being 75. p with the name of the stateThe tallest mountainMauna Kea with

306、 an 76. p of 13,796ftWays of the 77. p of native life“3 Ws”: wind, waves and wings78. p of varieties of plants and animalsl being completely 79. p in the middle of the Pacific Ocean from other continentsl 80. p on high islands in and near the tropic 文章大意：本文主要阐述了美国夏威夷州的地理位置、构成以及火山喷发对它的岛屿形成等的影响。The ea

307、rths ocean can reach depths of up to 11,000 metres. That is deep enough to cover Mount Qomolangma! Marine (海洋的) scientists divide the oceans into five zones. Each zone is different mainly as a result of how much sunlight reaches it.Most of the life in the ocean can be found in the first zone, which

308、begins at the surface and goes down to about 200 metres. Because there is sunlight at this level, plants are able to grow. Marine animals such as dolphins, sharks, sea turtles and sea lions, and of course a variety of fish, live in the sunlight part of the ocean. It is difficult to hide from other a

309、nimals in the area, but many species have adapted by becoming dark on the top and light on the bottom. This makes it hard to see them against the dark water below and the blue sky above.The second starts at 200 metres and goes down to about 1,000 metres. Some sunlight can reach this level, but it is

310、 not enough for plants to grow. Because this zone is relatively dark, many of the creatures that live here are able to make light with their body. The light from these animals makes the water look like a sky with moving stars in it.The third zone is dark. This place, about 3,000 metres deep, may not

311、 seem a likely habitat (栖息地), but there are more creatures here than one might think. Most of the animals that live here are black or red because of the lack of light. At this depth, a slow shower of what looks like snow is falling. This phenomenon, called marine snow, is actually nutrients falling

312、towards the bottom of the ocean. It is source of food for the creatures that live in the deep.Below 4,000 metres, the temperature is near freezing and there is no light at all. In fact, the zone is so dark and empty that scientists named this zone after the Greek word for no bottom. There is not muc

313、h life to be found in this cold and unpleasant part. But some creatures manage to survive here despite the high water pressure.The very deepest part of the ocean is 2,000 metres further down. At this depth, the water pressure is extremely high and life is very difficult for the few creatures that li

314、ve here. Compared to the other zones, this one has very little life. Since there is no light here, some animals dont have eyes. When scientists explored the very deepest parts of the ocean, they did not expect to find any life at all. It turned out that there are creatures as far down as 10,000 metr

315、es. They usually survive by living close to deep sea vents, chimneys that sent out gases from within the earth.(76) _ConditionsLife (80) _How do the animal adapt?Suface to 200 metresSunlight, plantsMarines, animals and a variety of fishMany species become dark on the top and light on the (83) _ 200-

316、1,000 metresNot enough sunlight, relatively darkMany creaturesMany creatures are able to make light with their body. They make the water look like a sky with moving (84)1,000-4,000 metres( 78 ) _ of Light; “marine Snow”Mote creatures than (81) _Most of the animals are black or red.Below 4,000 metres

317、Dark and empty;(79) _ water pressureNot much life; some small creaturesSome small creatures still manage to survive here despite high water pressure.Below (77) _ metresExtremely high water pressure ;No light; very coldLittle life; some animals with (82)_ eyesSome creatures survive by living (85) _ d

318、eep sea vents, “chimneys” that send gas from within the earth.76Depth 根据第一段首句中“The earths ocean can reach depths of up to 11,000 metres.”的描述以及本栏的内容可知此处填Depth。首字母大写。776，000 根据文章最后一段首句“he very deepest part of the ocean is 2,000 metres further down.”可知此处为上段中提到的4000的基础上再加上2000，故此处用6000.83bottom 从第二段倒数第二

319、句“It is difficult to hide from other animals in the area, but many species have adapted by becoming dark on the top and light on the bottom.”中可知此处用bottom。84stars 从第三段最后一句“The light from these animals makes the water look like a sky with moving stars in it.”可知此处用stars。85Near从最后一段末句“hey usually surviv

320、e by living close to deep sea vents, chimneys that sent out gases from within the earth”可知此处用near。Martha and Charles are sitting at the kitchen table. Charles is nervous and upset ,and hes smoking .Marthas eyes are red. She looks tired. Their children, two boyseight and ten ,are sitting with them .T

321、ony and George know that their parents are having problems .They argue all the time .They dont talk to each other any more .Their mom and dad are not happy together any more. Now, the parents are telling them that they are going to get divorced. Their mother is telling them that she loves them and t

322、heir father loves them too. But she and their father are having problems. They arent going to live together as a family anymore .The boys are going to live with her. They are going to stay in the same house, and go to the same school. Now, father is telling them that hes going to leave the house thi

323、s weekend. But he promises not to move away. He is going to be in the next room .Two weekends a month, the boys are going to stay with him. And theyre going to be with him one month in the summer time .Hell take his vacation then and theyll go to the beach together. Tony and George dont really under

324、stand what is happening .They know that their parents arent happy. But they want all of them to stay together.Such a familyMartha and CharlesTony and George1.They are sitting at kitchen table.2.Charles is nervous and upset, and he is smoking,(1)_ Marthas eyes are red and looks tired.3.They talk to e

325、ach other(2)_.4.They are getting ready to get(3)_.5.Martha loves her children,(4)_.6.Charles will go to the(5) _ with his children for their holidays.1.Tony and George are sitting with their (6)_.2.They know that their parents are not in (7) _and that they argue all the time. They are having problem

326、s now.3.Tony goes to(8) _ with his brother George.4.The boys can (9) _ their father two weekends a month in the future.5.Though the boys know that their parents are not happy, yet they want all of them to stay (10) _.第七空:词义转换题。原句为“their parents are having problems. They argue all the time.”与本句比较,能恰当

327、地表示原句意思的应该是not in peace,所以答案为peace。第八空:细节题。原句为“go to the same school.”,所以答案为the same school。第九空:细节题。从“Two weekends a month, the boys are going to stay with him.”这个细节可知本题的答案为stay with。第十空:本题指的是文章最后一句话,所以答案为together。答案：(1)while(2)no more(3)divorced(4)so does Charles(5)beach(6)parents(7)peace(8)the sam

328、e school(9)stay with(10)together This week we have four new titles for our customers. 1.How I Made It This is the life story of Bruce Williams, who made and lost several fortunes .His department stores, after doing so well in the Eighties, fell on hard times in the Nineties until Williams changed th

329、em into an immensely popular chain of supermarkets. Williams obviously believes he can never go wrong and the book could do with less self praise, but it offers a lot of insight into the retail business.2.Relax the Indian Way The author has developed a number of new methods to handle the stress of m

330、odern life based on ancient Indian breathing exercises. With lots of diagrams and a simple style, the book is easy to follow. 3.Sweet Roses In this historical romance set in 18th century France, misunderstandings and family prick keep the two main characters apart for most of the novel ,but in the e

331、nd they overcome everyday difficulties in a delightful happy ending. 4.Winning The book covers the career of golf superstar Kenny Hope and describes his technique and strategies for winning. Kenny describes many of his most famous games and gives lots of help to those new to the game of golf. BOOK C

332、HEC1._About whatSupposed 7. _How I Made Itretail business8. _ studentsRelax 2._5. _ handling9. _ persons3. _loveyoung people4. _6. _10. _【思路解析】本篇文章为说明文,主要是向读者介绍几本即将上市的书。空是以“书名内容可能的读者”这一形式来设置的。 第一空:左边这一栏是书的名称,所以答案为Titles。第二空:第二本书的标题是Relax the Indian Way,所以答案为the Indian Way。 【考点预测】 2013高考预测预测一选材新颖，贴近考

333、生生活。任务型阅读选用的都是考生所熟知的一些话题，2013年高考任务型阅读也一定会选用考生所熟悉并感兴趣的话题，如健康、交友、名胜古迹、校园生活等。当然，考生在平时训练中也要兼顾一些社会热点问题等。预测二难度将有所降低。由2008、2009两年江苏卷的任务型阅读看，其难度较大。而2010年江苏卷的任务型有所下降。为了体现高考应具有的效度，预测2013年任务型阅读的难度于2010年相当。预测三体裁还会以说明文为主兼顾议论文，文章长度稳定。2008、2009、2010三年的任务型阅读都是说明文和议论文相结合的体裁。这类体裁的文章结构一般都比较明晰。平常练习中考生要特别注重对这类体裁的训练，同时也要

334、兼顾其他各种体裁的文章，如议论文、记叙文等。从文章长度上看，2008年是420多个词，2009年是500多个词，2010年是500多个词。由此预测，2013年的任务型阅读的词数应该保持在500词左右。【母题特供】每个专题5道最典型试题第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。Communication PrinciplesHow you see yourself can make a great difference in how yo

335、u communicate“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send themBut every day we experience the central

336、ity of our selves in communicationA studentfor instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesnt like the fact that I dont agree with his opinionsand thats why he gave me such a poor grade in that class”The teacher might say the oppositeEach person may bel

337、ieve that he is correct and that the other persons view is wrongThe concept of serf originates in communicationThrough verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of othersYou establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others t

338、hink of youPositive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you areCommunication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue processOur understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other peopleIn a more obvious waycommunic

339、ation involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to shareSo，the communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the selfCommunication Occurs almost ever

340、y minute of your lifeIf you are not communicating with yourself(thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you)，you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behaviorEven if the other person did not intend a message for youyou gather observations and draw specific conclusionsA perso

341、n yawns and you believe that person is bored with your messageA second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to youA third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to youWe are continually picking u

342、p meanings from othersbehaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for themMore often than not，you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your sta

343、tementYou may have made a joke out of your rude statementNonetheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mindYou cannot go back in time and erase your messages to othersCommunication cannot be reversed(倒退)，nor can it be repeatedWhen you tried to recreate the atm

344、osphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed rightYour second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results Paragraph 0utlineSupporting Details Communication begins with the selfPeople are somewhat products of others treatment and messageswe are always(71) in com

345、munication with others Communication (72) othersExperiences of others help children learn to accept rolesMessages from others help you(73) who you areNeeds and(74) of others should be considered Communication (75) everywhereWe are communicating with ourselves by thinking，planning and reacting to the

346、 outside worldWe are always(76) other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for youWe are constantly collecting meanings from others(77) We are constantly(78) meanings by what we do Communication cannot be reversed nor repeatedYou may explain what you have done，but you cannot(79

347、) what remains in the other persons mindYon may redo the conversation，but you(80) achieve the same results任务型阅读的文章主题是关于如何与人沟通71self-centredsubjective 76readingunderstanding/knowing72involves 77behaviorsactsaction(s)activities73determinedefineknowunderstand 78conveyingexpressing74expectationshopesdes

348、ireswishes 79eraseremovedelete/change75occurshappensexistsarises 80cantcannot71、【答案】self-centredsubjective74expectationshopesdesireswishes。根据第二段的In a more obvious way，communication involves othersin the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share可确定答案。该空应用名词，因此将动词expects改成名词expectations。75occurshappensexistsarises。该空可从第三段的第一句得出答案，也可根据Supporting Details部分的细节归纳出答案。76readingunderstandingknowing。根据第三段的内容可以归纳出”通过观察别人的言行举止，你就会理解别人所要传递的信息”。据此可确定答案。因为空前有are，所以动词应用ing形式。71