1、小升初课程-完型填空考点梳理 完形填空是小升初难度最大的题，也是常考题，分值为10分。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言 综合运用的能力的一道题。 近几年完形填空内容朝着情景生活化、 语言交际化、 词汇运用灵 活化的方向发展，更注重上下文联系，全面检测学生的阅读理解能力、 词汇运用能力、 语法分 析能力和推理判断能力。 完形填空主要考查内容为语法、 逻辑关系及词汇。考点常考形式语法不可数名词，可数名词单复数，动词时态，基数词，序数词，形容词和副词的比较级、最高级，介词等逻辑关系根据上下文，选择逻辑词常考逻辑词表转折: but, however表承接和并列： and表原因：beca
2、use表结果：so词汇同义词辨析：speak, say, tell, talk相似词汇辨析：a lot of, lots of, a lot固定搭配：be interested in, be afraid to do 形容词：excited, exciting解题技巧 第一步：浏览全文，读懂首句 以很快的速度浏览全文，抓住 who， when， where， what, why, how 掌握文章的主旨, 结合选项将 100%可以确定的答案写下来。完形填空第一句话为主题句或为下文提供重要信息，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要 认真阅读这句话。例：（68所名校真题）John sent for a
3、 doctor because his wife was ill. 从首句可知，文章主要内容John带她的妻子去看医生。第二步：综合考虑，逐项推敲 完形填空的每个空格究竟如何选择正确答案要考虑以下四个方面。 1.语境。要通过略读得知文章的大意， 再结合选项在该句子中的语义联系，尤其是文章的 上下句去判断，才能选出最佳选项。例：（2015南海实验中学）I went there by_. I got to Hangzhou Bus Station at 10:00 in the morning.A. bus B. train C. planeKey: 根据下文，I got to Hangzhou
4、Bus Station, 可知他坐车去杭州。2.语法。如通过语境推测不能得出结论，就要求学生根据自己所学的语法推断出正确的结 论。如考虑人称代词的主格宾格、 动词时态、 名词单复数等。例：（68所名校真题）John sent for a doctor because his wife was ill.Suddenly he _7_ a girl cryingA. hears B. was hearing C. heard D. would hear由前文可知，文章运用过去时，讲述过去的事情，因此此空也应填过去时，故选C。3.固定搭配。要考虑到一些介词的固定搭配。例：（68所名校真题）After
5、 class, he often plays basketball _ his friends.A. to B. for C. on D. withKey: D 此句意为：下课后，他经常与他的同学一起打篮球，根据固定搭配 play with 可知填 with.4.必要的常识。有时候通过学生的常识即能判断出合适的选项。Bill Gates is a great _company scientist.A. Chinese B. English C. American D Canadian Key: C 根据常识比尔盖茨是一个美国人，故选 C第三步：复读全文，检查连贯与否 完成填空后，最好再用一两分
6、钟将文章从头至尾再看一遍。将所选的选项代入空格处进 行阅读理解，看是否符合文章的含义。若感到个别空格选项意思不妥，再进行分析修正。【真题再现2015南海实验中学】Hi, Im Liu Yang. I live in Suzhou. Last weekend I 1 my uncle and my aunt in Hangzhou. I went there by 2 . I got to Hangzhou Bus Station at 10:00 in the morning. My aunt Lucy and my cousin Tony came and took me to West L
7、ake. We rowed a boat on the 3 . It was so wonderful.Then we went to the Taiziwan Park on foot. It was a 4 day. The sun was shining in the sky. We felt thirsty and 5 . We sat under a big tree and had our lunch. We had bread, hamburgers, orange juice and some bananas. Tony saw a fish in the water. So
8、we fed the fish with 6 . More and more fish swam to us and opened their mouths. We fed them too. We were very happy that day.( )1. A. called B. visited C. emailed( )2. A. bus B. train C. plane( )3. A. road B. water C. air( )4. A. hot B. cool C. cold( )5. A. angry B. hungry C. worried( )6. A. bread B
9、. stone C. leave一、解题步骤：1.第一遍通读全文，读懂首句。 通读全文， 通过前文“Last weekend I _ my uncle and my aunt in Hangzhou.”可以判断文章的时态为一般过去时，并可推测下文记叙他去杭州。2.第二遍综合考虑，逐渐推敲： 上下文兼顾，并根据语法，固定搭配等依次完成每一选项。3. 第三遍复读全文，检查连贯与否。二、答案详解1. B。选项A,致电，打电话； 选项B，探望；选项C，发邮件，根据下文，下文主要讲述的Liuyang在杭州游玩，故选B2. B。根据下文，I got to Hangzhou Bus Station, 可知他
10、坐车去杭州，故选B。3.B。根据常识，前文提及的是划船，可知是在水上划船，故选B。4.A。根据The sun was shining in the sky，阳光很猛烈，可知天气十分热。5.B。选项A，生气；选项B，肚子饿；选项C，担忧。We felt thirsty and _, 我们感到很渴和很饿，故选B.6.A。选项A，面包；选项B，石头；选项C叶子。So we fed the fish with _, 喂鱼用面包，故选A。【学以致用】（68所名校真题） AJohn sent for a doctor because his wife was ill. He 1 the doctor an
11、d made sure they would meet at five. He arrived at the doctors at twenty 2 five. He thought, “ Its a little bit earlier. Ill wait for a moment. Its good _3_ there on time.”_4_ he stopped his car in front of the doctors. He _5_ and saw a noisy square not far from here. He went there and sat down on a
12、 chair to enjoy the last light of afternoon sun and kept himself quiet. He saw some children 6 and some women talking to each other happily.Suddenly he _7_ a girl crying. He came up to her and asked some questions. Then he knew she got lost. John tried to find out her _8 _ and took her home. The gir
13、ls parents were very thankful.Then John hurried to the doctors. When the doctor saw him, he was very _9_ and said, “Youre late. Why did you keep me waiting for twenty minutes?” John said _10_ except (除了)one wordsorry.1A. called B. seeC. sawD. call2.A. pastB. toC. ofD. after3.A. to arrived atB. to ge
14、tC. to leaveD. to ride4.A. Every timeB. From now onC. BeforeD. Then5.A. looked forB. looked afterC. looked atD. looked around6.A. playB. playing C. to playD. played7.A. hearsB. was hearingC. heardD. would hear8. A. nameB. schoolC. ageD. address9. A. politeB. angryC. happyD. kind10. A. nothingB. ever
15、ythingC. anythingD. something答案: 1-5ABBDD 6-10 BCDBABKaty stood at the door of the classroom. All her classmates were looking at the thing on her head. “Come in and sit beside （1）,Katy. Your mother phoned and （2） me that,” said Ms. James. Katy sat down. Ms. James put an arm around her. “I am sure yo
16、u feel uncomfortable now,” Ms. James said. Katy had been （3） everyone would think she looked stupid. But now Ms. James was so kind. And no one was laughing at her. Katy （4）to feel better. “I know how that feels, said Ms James. “When I got my braces(牙植), I had to stop eating taffy!” （太妃糖）“You had bra
17、ces?” “I sure（5）!” Ms. James said. “Ill show you my pictures. ”“Youll never guess what my nickname (缚号）was,” Ms. James said. “Metal (金属)mouth?” Ms. James walked to the （6）. In big white letters, she wrote “JawbreakerJames. ” Under the name, she sticked (贴）a picture of herself wearing braces. Then sh
18、e reached for her camera.“ Katy, you are the first student in our class to have braces，”said Ms. James. “I want to stick a picture of you next to mine. Then well have a nickname （7） for you. You will decide the winner. ”Ms. James turned to the class and said Whatever name Katy chooses is the （8） nic
19、kname she can be called.（9）. Ms. James chose the best ideas she had got from the class. Katy took the ideas home to make her choice. The next morning Katy went to the blackboard. In big white letters, she wrote the name she had （10）. Ms. James smiled and said, “Well all be happy to call you Katy. ”1
20、A. meB. herC. himD. us2.A. askedB. toldC. showedD. sent3.A. sadB. surprisedC. angryD. afraid4.A. decidedB. startedC. plannedD. hoped5.A. gotB. madeC. didD. chosen6.A. doorB. seatC. pictureD. blackboard7.A. projectB. researchC. introductionD. competition8. A. onlyB. firstC. worstD. last9. A. SoB. Lat
21、erC. InsteadD. Next10. A. knownB. calledC. chosenD. given答案: 1-5 ABDBC 6-10 DDABC常考同义词组用法区分1.Some，much, many ,any, little, few的辨析可数名词复数不可数名词manymuchfew(否定，几乎没有)little(否定，几乎没有)a fewa littlesome（肯定句，表请求/建议）any（否定或疑问句）lots of= a lot of拓展 a lot, 表程度，很，非常，副词修饰动词。 例如: Thanks a lot!例句：1.There are many clot
22、hes in the shop. 商店里有很多衣服。2. I have much money. 我有很多金钱。3.There were few eggs in the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some. 冰箱里几乎没有鸡蛋，所以他去了超市买一些。4.There were little milk in the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some. 冰箱里几乎没有牛奶，所以他去了超市买一些。5. There are some apples on the
23、desk. 有一些苹果在桌子上面。6. Do you have any womens trousers? 这里有一些女装裤子吗？7. There are lots of/ a lot of apple on the desk. 有许多屏多在桌面上。【练习】1. Would you like _ juice?Yes, please.A. any B. some C. a D. an2. There isnt _thing in the box.A some B any C little D few3.This is a very old song, so _ young people know
24、it.A. few B. little C. a few D. a little4. There is _ ink in my pen. Would you give me _?A. little/ a little B. a little/ little C. few/ a few D. a few/ few5. I have _ friends in my class.A. many B. much C. any 答案: BBAAA2.speak, say, tell, talk的辨析1.speak,说话, speak 作及物动词时后面跟各种语言; 后面跟人做宾语要加介词 to, spea
25、k to sb. 同某人说话2.say，是及物动词，表示说的内容，即说了什么话,say to sb. 表示对某人说3.talk，谈话，谈论。是不及物动词, 后面跟人的时候用介词with、to 等, 后面跟“事情”要用到介词about， talk to/ talk with 表示与交谈；talk of/ talk about,表示谈及某人/某事4.tell, 表示“讲述、告诉”是及物动词, 后面首先要跟人, 然后再跟从句或者介词短语；tell sb. sth./ tell sb. about sth./ tell sb. not to do sth.例句：1. Can you speak Fre
26、nch? 你会说法语吗？2. May I speak to John, please? 我能和约翰讲话吗？或 请找约翰接电话好吗？3. Mr. Chen wants to talk to you. 陈老师要和谈谈。4. He said he would come to join us. 他说他回来加入我们。5. Tell me if you need any help. 需要帮忙说一声【练习】1.The teacher_ the students not to be late again.2. Do you often _ to your friends on the phone?3. Don
27、t forget to _“Thank you” when someone opens the door for you.4. Cant you _ Japanese?5. Our English teacher comes from America, but she often_ we can _ Chinese when we_ with her. Sometimes she _ us stories in Chinese.答案: 1. tells 2. talk 3. say 4. speak 5. says; speak; talk; tells【课后练习】A Do you like
28、to shop on the Internet? Things online are very cheap. I often get 1_online. Let me tell you how to buy one when I want to know something about a book. Firstly, I write an e-mail to the online shop. Then they will_2_me some pictures of the book. I think this is very helpful. Online shops are_3_open.
29、 I can do shopping even at midnight if I want to . Real shops usually close_4_nine oclock in the evening. After you_5_the online shopkeeper what you want, you can have your things in a few days. When you go shopping in a shopping mall, you have to talk _6_with the shopkeeper and walk a lot. I dont l
30、ike it, because I get tired _7_. I am teaching my grandmother_8_online. She cannot walk very far(远)._9_it is easy for her to shop online. My brother wants to learn how to do it too. He is very_10_most of the time. When he has a little free time, he can shop online. So you see, shopping online saves
31、time.1A. shoesB. booksC. foodD. toys2.A. tellB. showC. giveD. sell3.A. sometimesB. oftenC. alwaysD. usually4.A. inB. onC. atD. for5.A. spendB. payC. costD. buy6.A. a lot ofB. muchC. lots ofD. many7.A. easyB. easilyC. happyD. happily8. A. why to shopB. where to shopC. how to shopD. when to shop9. A.
32、becauseB. forC. soD. but10. A. healthyB. freeC. lazyD. busy答案：1-5 BBCCB 6-10 BBCCDBA new term begins. My father _1_ a job in a bank. Our family has to move to Green Street. Its a _2_ avenue（街道） and there are a lot of cars, jeeps, buses and taxis here. I am in Garden High School now. Im_ here and I k
33、now only Miss Smith. We live in the same building and her house is_4_ our house. She teaches us maths. She work hard and is friendly to my_ and me. So we like her.Do you hope to visit our school? Its a_ place. Therere eight nice gardens in it. You will see all kinds of flowers in them. If you dont_
34、the way, please go down the Fifth Avenue and turn right until you see a bank _7_ your left. You will see a tall white building. Our school is just across from it._ me when you get here. I will meet you.1A. buysB. meetsC. findsD. sees2.A. houseB. farmC. treeD. family3.A. quietB. busyC. smallD. dirty4.A. newB. oldC. goodD. cheap5.A. betweenB. ofC. next to D. next6.A. classmatesB. parentsC. friendsD. cousins7.A. easyB. earlyC. hardD. beautiful8. A. tellB. knowC. sayD. ask9. A. toB. onC. inD. for10. A. WriteB. ReadC. CallD. Answer答案：1-5 CDBAC 6-10 ADBBC