1、语法填空（句法）高频考点一 并列句与状语从句【高考试题再现】语法填空1. (2018全国卷)Corn uses less water _ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. 2. (2019全国卷)I work not because I have to, _ because I want to.3. (2019全国卷)On our way to the house, it was raining _ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get the
2、re. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】1. than 2.but 3.so 高频考点二 特殊结构【高考试题再现】语法填空1. (2017天津高考)It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbors. 2. (2018天津高考)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _ we saw Lily in the passenger seat.【答案】1. that 2. tha
3、t 高频考点三 名词性从句【高考试题再现】语法填空1. (2018全国卷)Im not sure _ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.2. (2019全国卷) While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】1. who 2.
4、that 高频考点四 定语从句【高考试题再现】语法填空1. (2017全国卷)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _is not good for the health.2. (2017全国卷)But Sarah,_has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.3. (2018全国卷) Two of the authors of the review also mad
5、e a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.4. (2019全国卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _.she opened with her late husband Les.5. (2019全国卷)They wer
6、e well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.【答案】1.which 2. who 3. which/that 4. which 5.who/that 【专题训练】1阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out her hand. _1_ was
7、 getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her out in this weather,” Linda said to herself, so she stopped the car.“Shall I offer you _2_ lift?” Linda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long?” The old woman shook her head. _3_ (strang
8、e)enough, the old woman didnt say a single word all the way. Her only _4_ (respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that.Then Linda saw the ladys hands, _5_ were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized _6_ the lady was a man! After _7_ (stop) the car, Linda said, “ca
9、nt see that mirror. Would you mind cleaning it _8_me?” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “lady” was out of the car, Linda drove off quickly.When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady _9_ (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it
10、 _10_two sharp knives.【答案】1. It2. a3. Strangely4. response5. which6. that7. stopping8. for9. had left10. were【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Linda开车穿过乡下，让一位老妇人打车，发现老妇人是伪装的劫匪后机智甩开的故事。1. 考查代词。设空处指代时间和天气，故填It。2. 考查冠词。offer sb. a lift意为“让某人搭便车”。故答案为a。3. 考查副词。设空处在句中作状修饰整个句子，需用strange的副词形式。故答案为strangely。4. 考查名词。设空处由形容词
11、性物主代词修饰在句中作主语，需用respond的名词形式。故答案为response。5. 考查关系词。设空处引导 非限制性定语从句修饰the ladys hands，且在从句中作主语，故填which。6. 考查连接词。句意：她意识到这位女士是个男人！设空处引导宾语从句且从句意义及成分均完整，故填引导词that。7. 考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。Linda与stop之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且设空处作After的宾语，故填动名词stopping。8. 考查介词。句意：你介意帮我擦一下吗？设空处意为“为”，故填for。9. 考查过去完成时。leave表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作found之前，
12、是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。故答案为had left。10. 考查倒装与主谓一致。句意：里面有两把锋利的刀。Inside在句首这是一个完全倒装句，主语是后面的two sharp knives，谓语动词要用复数形式。故答案为were。2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was the spring of 1943 during World War . Standing among hundreds of new _11_(soldier) at Camp Grant, Sam, just 18 years old, waited as a truck sl
13、owly drove by. _12_ full field pack was randomly thrown to each soldier.Sam received_13_ (he) After he opened the pack and looked at the things in it, he was greatly_14_ (astonish). He found his last name, Litrenti, was marked on each thing in his pack. “How strange!” Sam thought. He didnt think the
14、 one _15_ threw the field pack to him knew who he was.So why was Sams last name marked on the things? You may not believe it, but it was the field pack that his father _16_ (use) during World War I .Sam _17_ (certain) didnt know that when he received it. It wasnt until after the war _18_ he found ou
15、t why.After the war, he talked _19_that with his father. After _20_ (talk) for a while, Sams father became sure that the pack once belonged to him.Both the father and the son couldnt believe that! What a coincidence!【答案】11. soldiers12. A13. his14. astonished15. who/that16. used17. certainly18. that1
16、9. about20. talking【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了第二次世界大战期间，18岁的山姆意外巧合拿到了自己父亲的野战包的故事。11. 考查名词的数。句意：18岁的山姆站在格兰特军营数百名新兵中间，等着一辆卡车缓缓驶过。soldier为可数名词，由hundreds of意为“成百上千的”修饰，因此要用soldier的复数形式。故填soldiers。12. 考查冠词。句意：一个完整的野战包被随机扔给每个士兵。pack为可数名词，此处用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填A。13. 考查代词。句意：萨姆收到了他的。名词性物主代词his相当于his pack。故填his。14. 考查词性转换。句意：当
17、他打开包装，看到里面的东西，他非常惊讶。根据前面的was可知，此处要用形容词作表语，astonished表示“感到吃惊的”，修饰人。故填astonished。15. 考查定语从句连接词。句意：他不认为向他扔野战背包的那个人知道他是谁。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句修饰先行词one，且先行词在从句中作主语，先行词是the one，指代人，故用关系代词who/that。16. 考查动词时态。句意：你可能不相信，这是他父亲在第一次世界大战期间使用的野战背包。根据前后语境可知，此处表示过去的事情，故用一般过去时。17. 考查副词。句意：萨姆收到信的时候肯定不知道。修饰动词know需用副词形式。故填cer
18、tainly。18. 考查强调句。句意：直到战后他才发现原因。此处为强调句型“It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分”。故填that。19. 考查介词。句意：战后，他和他的父亲谈论了这件事。固定短语talk about sth.表示“谈论某事”。故填about。20. 考查非谓语动词。句意：聊了一会儿，萨姆的父亲确信那包东西曾经属于他。after是介词，后面需接动名词形式。故填talking。3阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A lot of films have tried to describe our memories of
19、 family members who have passed away. But few have done as_21_(remark) as Coco, Disney-Pixars latest animation, _22_ hit the big screen on Nov. 24 and won the Oscar in 2018._23_(inspire) by the Mexican holiday of Day of the Dead, the films production team created a young boy, Miguel, who wants his f
20、amily to understand his love of music. An accident takes him to the Land of the Dead. While there, Miguel has_24_unforgettable and adventurous night.Its in this magical world_25_Miguel gets to meet and discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa. To protect him from _26_ (disappear), Miguel has
21、 to bring his photo back to the living world as soon as possible.While told with a wild imagination, the story _27_(convey) a clear and warm message.“In an era when young people are so easily attracted by _28_(celebrity), Coco reveals the emptiness of such adulation(谄媚), teaching kids _29_(preserve)
22、 and respect the memory of their elders while reminding them that the source of true creativity is so often _30_(person),” wrote reporter Peter Debruge on Variety.【答案】21. remarkably22. which23. Inspired24. an25. that26. disappearing27. conveys28. celebrities29. to preserve30. personal【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介
23、绍了迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作寻梦环游记的内容、场景以及所想传达给观众的意义。21. 考查副词。句意：但是几乎没有几部电影能描写的像寻梦环游记这样引人注目。空格处单词处于asas结构中，一般填形容词或副词的原级形式。由于空格处单词修饰动词done，所以应用副词形式。故填remarkably。22. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：寻梦环游记是迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的最新的动画巨作，它在11月24日上映并且赢得了2018年奥斯卡奖。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Coco（指物），从句缺少主语，故填which。23. 考查过去分词作状语。句意：受墨西哥亡灵节的启发，制作团队创作了一个名叫米格
24、尔的小男孩。这句话谓语动词为created，所以空格处应填非谓语动词。这句话的主语the films production team与inspire之间是被动关系，故填过去分词Inspired.24. 考查不定冠词。句意：在那儿的时候，米格尔度过了一个难忘的又充满危险的晚上。这里的一个晚上前边没有提到过，是泛指，且unforgettable是以元音音素开始的，故填an。25. 考查强调句。句意：就是在这个有魔力的世界里，米格尔遇到了并发现了关于他祖爷爷的真相。这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是“It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that).”，这句话中强调的是地
25、点状语，故填that。26. 考查动名词作宾语。句意：为保护祖爷爷不消失，米格尔必须尽可能早的将他的照片带回有生命的世界。“protectfrom”意为“保护免遭”，其中from为介词，其后一般跟动名词或名词作宾语。disappear（消失）是动词，所以空格处填动名词形式，故填disappearing。27. 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：尽管这个故事是以无边的想象的形式讲述的，但是这个故事传达了清晰而温暖的信息。这篇文章整体是以现在时为主的，所以这句话应使用一般现在时。the story是第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。故填conveys。28. 考查可数名词的复数
26、形式。句意：在一个年轻人很容易被名流吸引的时代，寻梦环游记揭露了这种谄媚的空虚，一方面教给孩子珍藏并尊重关于老人的记忆，一方面让他们知道真正的想象力经常是很私人的。由于这题空格位于介词by后，空格后没有其他名词，所以空格处应填名词形式。“celebrity（名人）”是可数名词，且其前没有冠词之类的限定词，所以应用复数形式。故填celebrities。29. 考查不定式做宾补。句意同上。“and”前后连接两个并列的成份，且只有两个不定式并列式才可以省去第二个不定式的to使用动词原形，所以空格处填t不定式。且“teach sb. to do sth.”是一个固定搭配，意为“教某人做某事”，故填to
27、 preserve。30. 考查形容词。句意同上。空格处位于be动词后作表语，应用形容词形式。故填personal。4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Pass Your Love on_31_(wait)for the airplane to take off, I was happy to get a seat by myself. Just then,_32_air hostess approached me and asked, “Would you mind _33_(change) your seat? A couple would like
28、to sit together.”The only possible seat was next to a girl with her arms in casts(石膏绷带), a blackandblue face, and a sad _34_(express). “No way am I going to sit there,” I thought _35_(immediate). But a soft voice spoke, “She needs help.” Finally, I decided to move to that seat.The girl was named Kat
29、hy. She had been in a car accident and now was _36_her way to treatment.When the snacks and juice arrived, it did not take me long to realize _37_Kathy would not be able to feed herself. I considered _38_(offer)to feed her but hesitated, as it seemed too impolite to offer a service to a stranger. Bu
30、t then I realized that Kathys need was more important than my discomfort. I offered to help her eat, and _39_she was uncomfortable to accept, she did as I expected. We became closer and closer in a short period of time. By the end of the fivehour trip, we became friends, and the time removes the fea
31、r that keeps us separate. When we offer to serve another, we grow to live in a larger and _40_(many)rewarding world.【答案】31. Waiting32. an33. changing34. expression35. immediately36. on37. that38. offering39. though40. more【解析】这是一篇记叙文。通过作者讲述自己在飞机上的经历，强调了传递爱的重要性。31. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在等待飞机起飞时，我很高兴自己找到了一个座位。w
32、ait做非谓语动词，逻辑主语I为主动关系，故用-ing形式，故填waiting。32. 考查冠词。句意：正在这时，一位空姐走过来问我：“你介意换一下座位吗?一对夫妇想要坐在一起。”hostess为可数名词，此处表泛指“一位空姐”，且air为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。33. 考查非谓语动词。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，为固定短语，故填changing。34. 考查名词。句意：唯一可能的座位是一个包着石膏的女孩旁边，她的脸青一块紫一块的，脸上带着悲伤的表情。根据语境可知，女孩脸上神情伤感。也可根据“a sad”提示可知，用express的名词形式expression作介词wi
33、th的宾语。故填expression。35. 考查副词。句意：“我不可能坐在那儿，”我立刻想。根据语境可知。此处用immediate的副词形式修饰动词作状语。故填immediately。36. 考查固定短语。句意：她出了车祸，现在正在接受治疗。on ones way to.“在路上”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填on。37. 考查宾语从句。句意：当零食和果汁送到时，我很快就意识到凯西将无法自己吃饭。根据语境可知，“Kathy would not be able to feed herself.”宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意思完整，故填that引导宾语从句。38. 考查固定短语。句意：我考虑过要
34、喂她，但犹豫了，因为给陌生人提供服务似乎太不礼貌了。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，为固定短语，符合语境。故填offering。39. 考查连接词。句意：虽然她有些不好意思接受，但是，正如我预料到的那样，最后还是接受了。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管”，故填though。40. 考查形容词比较级。句意：当我们主动为他人服务时，我们就成长为生活在一个更大、更有价值的世界里。根据语境可知，只有我们互相帮助，世界才会变得更大更有意义。故填more，构成rewarding（有益的）的比较级。5阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A girl
35、 who has a gift for drawingI went to an exhibition last month, _41_ I admired a lot of wonderful paintings. Mary, _42_drawings were shown at the exhibition, is a model student _43_is often praised for her good work at school. As soon as we got into the exhibition hall _44_ the paintings were on show
36、, our eyes were caught by a very large picture _45_was hung on the wall in front of us. The horse _46_was drawn in the picture was exactly like a real horse. The man _47_was riding on it looked like a living man. It was the best picture _48_ I had ever seen, and I should say Mary is the best young p
37、ainter _49_I have ever heard of. However, you will be quite mistaken if you think that Mary was born a good painter. One of her teachers told me that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing before she became the best young painter _50_has ever been heard of in her hometown
38、. But if you say that she has learned to be so good at drawing only by working hard at it, I will certainly agree with you.【答案】41. where42. whose43. who/that44. where45. that/ which46. that/ which47. who/that48. that49. that50. that【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看画展的一次经历。41. 考查非限制性定语从句关系副词。句意：上个月我去了一个展览会，在那里我欣
39、赏了很多很棒的画。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为an exhibition，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。42. 考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。句意：玛丽的画作在展览会上展出，她是一个模范学生，经常因为她在学校的出色表现而受到表扬。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mary，关系代词whose在从句中作定语，表示所有关系。故填whose。43. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同2题。先行词为a model student，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指人。故填who/that。44. 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：当我们进入展览大厅的时候
40、，我们的眼睛被挂在我们面前墙上的巨幅画吸引住了。先行词为the exhibition hall，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。故填where。45. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同4句。先行词为picture，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。46. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：画中的马和真正的马一模一样。先行词为The horse，关系代词that/ which在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/ which。47. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：骑在上面的人看起来像个活人。先行词为The man，关系代词who/that在从句中作主语，指
41、人。故填who/that。48. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这是我见过的最好的画，我应该说 Mary 是我听说过的最好的年轻画家。先行词为the best picture，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指物，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用which。故填that。49. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：同8题。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。50. 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她的一个老师告诉我，玛丽花了几千个小时学习和练习绘画，才成为她家乡听说过的最
42、好的年轻画家。先行词为the best young painter，关系代词that在从句中作主语，指人，因为先行词由最高级修饰，所以只能用that不用who。故填that。6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A woman in blue jeans stood at the window of _51_ expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress _52_ was in the window. The as
43、sistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. _53_(look) at her scornfully, he told her that the dress _54_(sell). The woman walked_55_ of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, _56_a handbag
44、 in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. _57_ seeking out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. With great_58_(difficult), he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman sa
45、id she _59_(not)like it. She enjoyed_60_(she) making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.【答案】51. an52. that53. looking54. was sold55. out56. with57. After58. difficulty59. didnt60. herself【解析】本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了一位女士去奢侈品店买裙子遭到不公正对待，于是
46、第二天想出办法惩罚服务生的故事。51. 考查冠词。句意：一位穿蓝色牛仔裤的女士站在一家奢侈品店的窗玻璃前。此处表示一家奢侈品店，expensive的开头是元音所以用an。故填an。52. 考查定语从句的连词。句意：尽管她犹豫了一会，但最终还是走了进去要求看一下橱窗里的裙子。分析句子可知：_52_ was in the window修饰dress，作定语，所以用关系词，在根据从句缺主语可知用关系代词，指物用which或that。故填that。53. 考查非谓语动词做状语。句意：轻蔑地看了她一下，服务员告诉这位女士裙子被卖出去了。分析句子可知此句的谓语为told，look应该做非谓语，在根据loo
47、k与he的关系是主动，可知应该用现在分词，故填looking。54. 考查被动语态。句意：轻蔑地看了她一下，服务员告诉这位女士裙子被卖出去了。裙子与卖是被动关系，根据文中时态可知用一般过去时。故填was sold。55. 考查介词。句意：这位女士生气地走出了商店，决定第二天惩罚一下服务员。走出商店用walk out of the shop，故填out。56. 考查介词。句意：第二天早上这位女士穿着貂皮大衣回到了这家商店，一手拿着包，一手拿着伞。此处表示随手拿着，故填with。57. 考查介词。句意：找到前一天的那个服务生之后，她又要同一件裙子。因为要惩罚那个服务生，所以是先找到他，然后要同一件裙子，故填After。58. 考查名词。句意：他费力地爬进商店的橱窗去取裙子。with介词后要用名词。故填difficulty。59. 考查助动词。句意：她一看到裙子，就说她不喜欢它。此处是构成否定句，根据时态是过去时，所以助动词用did not，故填didnt。60. 考查反身代词。句意：她开心地迫使那位售货员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都最后才买下了她最先要看的那件衣服。enjoy oneself玩得开心，故填herself。
