1、Unit11The MediaModule4课堂点拨1、in detail 详细地detail前可有形容词修饰。 The coach analysed in great detail the various possibilities of winning the game. 教练非常详细地分析了取得这场比赛胜利的种种可能性。in名词(不带冠词)in advance提前 in case 以防；以防万一in charge 负责， 主管 in common共有in danger 在危险中 in debt 负债in difficulty处境困难 in fact 事实上in order 整齐的 in
2、sight 能看见in summary总之 in turn 轮流， 反过来完成句子。1. 她不顾一切后果，决心做这份工作。 She is determined to do the job regardless of all consequences. 2. 他已下定决心，什么也阻挡不了他去农村工作。 He has determined that nothing shall prevent him from going to work in the countryside. 3. 他勇敢顽强地与疾病作斗争。 He fought the illness with courage and deter
3、mination. 2、demand vt. & n. 要求 demand sth.This sort of work demands great patience. 这种工作要求有极大的耐心。 demand to doI demand to know what is going on!我要求了解发生了什么事！ demand that S. (should) do I demanded that one of you (should) go there at once. 我要求你们中间有一个人立刻到那里去！demand, request与require demand主语是人时，表示强烈要求，坚
4、持要做某事；主语是物时，指迫切需要。 request则通常用来表示比较礼貌或正式的请求和要求。You are requested not to smoke here. 请不要在这里抽烟。 require往往表示(法律， 规章等)强制性的要求或规定。I have done all that is required by law. 我已按照法律规定把一切做好。用demand, request和require填空。1. She demanded an immediate explanation. 2. All candidates will be required to take a short t
5、est. 3. You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant. 3、publish vt. 出版， 发行， 发表The first edition was published in 1998. 第一版出版于1998年。 publisher n. 出版人；发行人 publishing n. 出版(业)；发行(业) a publishing house 出版社用publish的适当形式填空。1. Tony wants to get a job in publishing. 2. The latest unemployment figures wi
6、ll be publishedtomorrow. 3. Pictures of the suspect were published in all the daily papers. 4. He works for a company that publishes reference books. arise, rise与raise arise vi. 站起来， 起身；(问题、困难、争吵、大风等无形的东西)出现， 发生， 常与from/out of连用。The problem arose from /out of lack of experience. 问题缘于缺乏经验。 rise vi. 站
7、起来(和arise可以互换)；升起(常指有形的东西)；(价格， 消费等)上涨4、She rose /arose from her seat to greet her guests. 她起身向客人打招呼。 rise为不及物动词， 作“上升”解时， 常用于日、月、烟雾、水汽、气温、物价、水位等， 它还作“起床”解。The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。rise against 起义， 反抗rise to ones feet 起身， 站起来 rise to the bait 上钩raise v提高， 增大， 提升；唤起， 引起；征集， 筹集；养育， 饲养；提出 The
8、 landlord raised my rent. 房东增加了我的租金。 The way the research was carried out raises doubts about the results. 进行研究的方法引起了对结果的怀疑。They are going to raise funds for the school building. 他们准备为建校筹集资金。They are proud to have raised such a good son. 他们为养育了这样一个好儿子而感到自豪。She raised a very important question at the
9、 meeting. 在会议上她提出了一个很重要的问题。用arise, rise, raise的适当形式填空。1. Low achievement at school often arises from poverty and bad social conditions. 2. The university is working to raise the number of students from state schools. 3. When a conflict arises in the workplace, you should repair the relationship as q
10、uickly as possible. 4. In 1956 the river rose to a height of more than 6 meters. 5、blame vt. 责怪， 归咎； n. 过失， 责备 be to blame 应受责备；应为承担责任Which driver was to blame for the accident?哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者？ blame sth. on sb. 把怪到头上They blamed the failure of the action on George. 他们把此次行动失败归咎于乔治。take/bear the blame f
11、or 承担责任dont blame me (劝阻别人时说)别怪我 Call her if you like, but dont blame me if shes angry. 你想给她打电话就打吧，不过要是她生气就别怪我。 汉译英。1. 那次交通事故不应该责怪司机。 The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. 2. 公司准备对已发生的事情承担责任。 The company is ready to take the blame for what had happened. 3. 如果有人该承担责任，那就是我。 If anyones
12、to blame, its me. 6、employ vt. 雇佣He was employed in a bank. 他在一家银行任职。 利用be employed in doing sth. 从事于，忙于(做某事)How do you employ your spare time?你怎样利用你的闲暇时间？ employment n. 雇佣be in/out of employment 有工作/失业 unemployed adj. 无工作的the unemployed 失业者 unemployment n. 失业employ, hire与rent employ意为“雇用”， 其对象通常是表示
13、人的词语。它常常构成搭配employ sb. as， employ sb. in sth. ；此外， employ还可用来表示“利用(某人或某物)”， 如时间， 注意力等。The factory employs two hundred people. 工厂雇用了200人。hire则表示短期或临时性的“租用， 雇用， 雇请”， 其对象可以是人或物。Can I hire a car for three days?我能租辆车用3天吗？rent通常表示长期的“租借， 出租”， 其对象一般是房屋、土地、机器等。此外， rent还可用作名词， 意为“租金”。 for rent 出租，招租We dont o
14、wn our house; we rent it. 我们自己没有房子， 这是租来的。完成句子。1. 已雇来一些人处理积压的工作。 A number of people have been employed to deal with the backlog of work. 2. 她忙着把要做的所有工作列一个清单。 She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done. 3. 政府在力求达到全面就业。The government is aiming at full employment. 用rent, hire, employ的
15、适当形式填空。4. Many visitors hire bikes to travel around the small island. 5. Whats the rent of this car?6. The company tried to rent this farmland for ten years. 7. She hired/employed three persons to paint the fence for her. 8. The rent for the apartment is$80 a month. defend, protect与guard 这三个词都有“保护，
16、使安全”之意， 也都常用于defend/protect/guardagainst/from结构中。defend意为“保卫， 捍卫”， 指抵抗或防御外来的威胁、攻击；它还可表示在法庭上或理论上进行辩护。 The people defended the town against the foreign invaders. 人民保卫城镇， 抵抗外国侵略者。7、protect意为“保护”， 指的是采取措施以保障某人或某物的安全， 以免受到危险或损害、伤害等。 He was wearing dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun. 他戴一副墨镜以保护眼
17、睛不受阳光的刺激。guard意为“守卫， 警戒， 看守”， 目的是维护安全， 防备危险的发生。 The gate is guarded by soldiers; you cant go without a pass. 大门由士兵们把守，你没有通行证过不去。用defend, protect与guard的适当形式填空。1. Our armies are determined to defend our great motherland. 2. We should do something practical to protect the river from pollution. 3. Two d
18、ifferent soldiers guard the gate twentyfour hours every day. 4. He had a good lawyer to defend him. 8、in favour of 支持， 赞同 All of us are in favour of the proposal that our school uniform should be made to our own taste. 我们都赞成校服应依据我们的品位去做的提议。ask a favour of sb. 求某人帮一个忙，求某人做某事 do sb. a favour / do sth.
19、 as a favour 帮某人一个忙，给某人做件事be in / out of favour (with)受宠/失宠；得到/不受偏爱find / gain / win favour 受到赞许/得到赞同lose favour 不再受支持，失去支持owe sb. a favour 欠某人一个人情in favour of赞成；主张in ones favour对某人有利用favour的有关短语的适当形式填空。1. Would you please do me a favour and turn down the radio?2. Are you in favour of my plan that w
20、e go climbing this weekend?3. Young and beautiful teachers are in favour in middle schools. 4. I want to ask a favour of you. Will you lend me your car?5. I think we are out of favour with them. We have not been asked to any of their parties this year. 9、respect vt. 尊重，尊敬 respect oneself自重 Mr. Brown
21、 is respected by everyone. 人人都敬重布朗先生。 They respected the artists last wishes and burned his letters. 他们尊重这位艺术家的最后遗愿， 烧掉了他的信件。 n. 尊敬；重视；可以与for连用；敬意，问候(pl.)；方面 win/earn/gain the respect of 赢得的尊重 in one respect/some respects/every respect在某个/某些/所有方面give/send ones respects 问候pay ones respects 拜访in respe
22、ct of 关于，有关with respect to关于，谈到 respectful adj. 尊敬(别人)的，有礼貌的 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的，德高望重的根据括号里的提示完成句子。1. You should learn to respect others choices (尊重别人的选择). 2. My parents are respectable (受人尊敬的) people. 3. Others wont respect you if you dont respect yourself (自重). 4. We were brought up to be respe
23、ctful of authority (尊重权威)10、stand out(from) 突出，引人注目，卓越，杰出His height makes him stand out in the crowd. 他身材高大， 在人群中很引人注目。stand短语 stand for 表示，代表，象征 stand up 站起来 stand up for 维护；为站起来(说话) stand with sb. 与(某人)想法一致 stand by 支持；等候 stand against背靠站立完成句子。她的工作成绩比其他人好。Her work stands out from the rest. 11、load
24、 (1) n. 负载，负担The branch was broken by the load of snow on it. 树枝被积雪压断了。take a load off减轻负担I did so in order to take a load off my mothers mind. 我这样做是为了减轻母亲的思想负担。with a full load满载The plane took off with a full load. 飞机满载起飞。a load of/loads of许多，大量Shes got loads of friends. 她有很多朋友。 (2) vt. 装上，使负担load
25、sth. with sth. The workers loaded the truck with coal. 工人们把这辆卡车装满了煤。完成句子。1. The ship is loaded with goods (装满了货物). 2. The student takes a parttime job (in order) to reduce his familys load (为了减轻家庭的负担). 3. The plane with a load of food and medicine/loaded with food and medicine (载满食品和药品) will fly to
26、the flooded area. 4. He wrote loads of letters (很多很多的信) to people. 12、warn (1)vt. 警告， 告诫 warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人注意某事 The newspaper warns the public of the danger of smoking. 报纸提醒公众注意吸烟的危害。 warn sb. against doing sth. warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb. 从句I have warned him that it is not allowed
27、. 我曾警告过他， 这是不被允许的。(2) warning adj. 警告的， 预告的；n. 警戒He gave me a warning look. 他向我使了一个警告的眼色。完成句子。1. 我警告他们不要在这样薄的冰上溜冰。I warned them not to go skating on such thin ice. 2. 他提醒我人群中有扒手。He warned me that there were pickpockets in the crowd. 3. 有人已事先告诉过我要出什么事。I have been warned what to expect. 4. 她被警告说如果她再这样
28、做就会丢掉工作。 She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job. 5. 他无视我的警告。He paid no attention to my warnings. 13、In the end, it came down to a choice between Paris and London. (P23) 最后的结果是在巴黎和伦敦之间作出选择。 betweenand在与之间 Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Austria and Italy. 瑞士位于法国、德国、奥
29、地利和意大利之间。in between 在之间 The house was near a park but there was a road in between. 房子在一处公园附近，但两者之间隔着一条马路。汉译英。1. 这是你和我之间的秘密。 I will keep the secret between you and me. 2. 今天上午我们有两节课， 课间有些休息时间。 We have two lessons this morning, but theres some free time in between. 14、Since Princess Dianas death in 19
30、97, a lot of peoples attitudes have changed(P24) 由于1997年戴安娜王妃的死，许多人的态度都改变了attitude n. 看法， 态度；常与介词to或towards连用。 In order to change attitudes to/towards employing women, the government is bringing in new laws. 为了改变对雇用妇女的态度， 政府设立了新的法律。汉译英。你对这种想法抱什么态度？ Whats your attitude to this idea？2. 我不喜欢他那不友好的态度。 I
31、 dont like his unfriendly attitude. ()1. (2010福建卷) Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promisedD根据上文所用时态，下文应该用现在范畴的时态，排除A、B两个答案，再考虑语态，选D。Reforms have_been_demanded_b
32、y people from all over the world.(P22)()2. (2010江苏卷)The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _ the students to return to their classrooms.A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabledA现在分词短语作结果状语。At the last minute, he jumped out of the truck，hurting_his_ankle(P28)