1、2015届高考英语二轮专题复习提升：阅读理解北京市重点中学2015届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题【题文】Many critics worry about violence on television, most out of fear that it stimulates viewers to violent or aggressive acts. Our research, however, indicates that the consequences of experiencing TVs symbolic world of violence may be much more far-r
2、eaching.We have found that people who watch a lot of TV see the real world as more dangerous and frightening than those who watch very little. Heavy viewers are less trustful of their fellow citizens, and more fearful of the real world. Since most TV “action-adventure” dramas occur in urban settings
3、, the fear they inspire may contribute to the current flee of the middle class from our cities. The fear may also bring increasing demands for police protection, and election of law-and-order politicians.While none of us is completely dependent upon television for our view of the world, neither have
4、 many of us had the opportunity to observe the reality of police stations, courtrooms, corporate board rooms, or hospital operating rooms. Although critics complain about the fixed characters and plots of TV dramas, many viewers look on them as representative of the real world. Anyone who questions
5、that statement should read the 250,000 letters, most containing requests for medical advice, sent by viewers to “Marcus Welby, M.D.” a popular TV drama series about a doctor during the first five years of his practice on TV.Violence on television leads viewers to regard the real world as more danger
6、ous than it really is, which must also influence the way people behave. When asked, “Can most people be trusted?” the heavy viewers were 35 percent more likely to choose “Cant be too careful.”Victims, like criminals, must learn their proper roles, and televised violence may perform the teaching func
7、tion all too well. Instead of worrying only about whether television violence causes individual displays of aggression in the real world, we should also be concerned about social reality. Passive acceptance of violence may result from far greater social concern than occasional displays of individual
8、 aggression.We have found that violence on prime-time（黄金时段）network TV cultivates overstated threat of danger in the real world. The overstated sense of risk and insecurity may lead to increasing demands for protection, and to increasing pressure for the use of force by established authority. Instead
9、 of threatening the social order, television may have become our chief instrument of social control.【小题1】Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of watching TV too much?A. Distrusting people around.B. Moving into rural areas. C. Asking the police for protection.D. supporting more politi
10、cians.【小题2】According to the passage, why did “Marcus Welby, M.D.” receive so many letters?A. Because viewers believed the doctor did exist in the real life.B. Because certain TV programmers recommended him to viewers.C. Because he was an experienced doctor and saved many lives.D. Because the TV appe
11、aled to people to pay attention to health.【小题3】According to the author, _ is mainly to blame for peoples fear of the real world.A. network TVB. social realityC. individual display of violenceD. televised violence【小题4】We can infer from the passage that _.A. people tend to be aggressive or violent aft
12、er watching TV too muchB. people learn to protect themselves from dangers after watching TV violence. C. the occasional displays of individual aggression may threaten the social orderD. watching TV may cause the misuse of authority and disturb the social order【答案】DABB【解析】许多批评学者对于电视中的暴力会有害人们无比的担忧，但研究
13、表明电视背后的现实世界的影响会更深。 【小题1】D细节理解题。第二段最后一句“The fear may also bring increasing demands for police protection, and election of lawandorder politicians.” D选项夸大了原文的真实意义。【小题2】A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Although critics complain about the fixed characters and plots of TV dramas, many viewers look on them as representati
14、ve of the real world. Anyone who questions that statement should read the 250,000 letters, most containing requests for medical advice, sent by viewers to Marcus Welby, MD.a popular TV drama series about a doctorduring the first five years of his practice on TV.”可知医生在现实生活是存在的，故选A项。【小题3】B 细节理解题。根据倒数第
15、二段提到Instead of worrying only about whether television violence causes individual displays of aggression in the real world, we should also be concerned about social reality.可知不是担心电视中的暴力对于个人的影响而是更要关心社会现实的影响，故选B项。【小题4】B推理判断题。根据第四段“Violence on television leads viewers to regard the real world as more da
16、ngerous than it really is, which must also influence the way people behave. When asked, Can most people be trusted？ the heavy viewers were 35 percent more likely to choose Cant be too careful.”可知当问到人们可以被信任吗，百分之三十五的人可知会选择再小心也不为过，可知对人不信任，故选B项。 湖北省孝感高中2015届高三上学期十月阶段性考试试题 【题文】Marjorie Baer used to joke
17、about her retirement plans. She wasnt married and had no kids, but she didnt intend to be aloneshe and all her single friends would move into a fictional home she called Casa de Biddies. Instead, Baer developed terminal brain cancer when she was 52. But just as shed hoped, her friends and family pro
18、vided her with love and care to the end. Ballance was only the first of Baers friends who became her unofficial caregivers. With her brother Phil Baer from Los Angeles, they worked out a system to watch over their friend and allow her to keep some of the privacy and independence she cherished.Baers
19、good friend Ruth Henrich took Baer to doctors appointments and helped her deal with all the aspects of life answering machines, TV controls, and even phone numbers. After Henrich sent out an e-mail request, a group of volunteers signed up to ferry Baer back and forth to radiation therapy（放疗）. Others
20、 in Baers circle offered up particular talents: A nurse friend helped Baer figure out how to get what she was due from Social Security and her disability insurance; a lawyer pal helped Baer with her will; a partner who was an accountant took over her bills when she could no longer manage them. There
21、 was this odd sense that the right person always showed up, says Ballance. Their arrangement worked remarkably well. Unmarried women are one of the fastest-growing groups in America; experts are concerned about how care-giving will be managed for them as they age. If the experience of Baers friends
22、is a guide, the Internet will play a role. Its already making it possible to create communities of caregivers who may have only one thing in common: the person who needs their help. On personal care pages set up through services such as Lotsa Helping Hands, friends and family members can post a list
23、 of tasks that need to be done, volunteer to do them, and keep updated on the persons condition. As Baers cancer progressed, for example, her friends set up a page on Yahoo! where people could sign up to deliver meals or do errands（差事）.Catherine Fox, one of the friends who were present when Baer die
24、d, was deeply affected. It was so comforting to know that if youre willing to ask for help, the generosity of family and friends can be phenomenal（显著的）. It makes me feel secure and hopeful to know that help is there when you need it. 63The most appropriate title of this passage should be _. AOn her
25、own, but not aloneBA friend in need is a friend indeedCA new practice of American governmentDA phenomenal advantage of the Internet64Who helped Marjorie Baer get her disability insurance?ARuth Henrich.BHer brother.CA nurse friend.DBallance.65The underlined part in paragraph four suggests that the In
26、ternet will _.Aplay a role in American future pension systemBprovide online medical care for aged unmarried womenChelp manage care-giving for unmarried women as they ageDhelp those aged unmarried women to kill their spare time66The writer tells us the story of Marjorie Baer for the purpose of _. Are
27、minding us to be kind and make as many friends as we canBinforming that there will be a new trend of care-giving for the single elderlyCpersuading us that we can enjoy our retirement even if we dont have a childDintroducing the convenience that will be brought by the Internet after we retire【答案】ACCB
28、湖北省孝感高中2015届高三上学期十月阶段性考试试题 【题文】Plastic is everywhere because plastic is an extremely useful material. It is cheap, strong and lightweight. Whats more, it can take on nearly any form or shape, from soft and stretchy (有弹性的) to hard and glasslike.Plastic, however, is far from perfect. It may even be ba
29、d for us. Studies now suggest that poisonous chemicals can get out of some types of plastic, get into our bodies, and cause a variety of health problems, including cancer, birth defects and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (注意缺陷障碍).Two types of chemicals in particular have raised special con
30、cern lately. They are called phthalates (邻苯二甲酸盐) and Bisphenol-A (二酚基丙烷), BPA for short. Not all plastic products contain them. But the ones that do are surrounded by controversy (争议). Thats because experts disagree on how dangerous these chemicals are.Plastic is a single word, but plastic isnt just
31、 one thing. What all plastics share in common are plasticizers - special chemicals that allow the material to be changed into nearly any shape or texture. Plasticizers (塑化剂) are added to plastic during the manufacturing process.Phthalates and BPA are two types of plasticizers that work in different
32、ways. Phthalates add softness to things like shampoo bottles, raincoats and rubber. They are also used in perfumes and makeup. BPA, on the other hand, gives a hard, clear, almost glasslike feel to products such as infant bottles. BPA also appears in food and soda cans, DVDs and other unexpected plac
33、es.How do these chemicals get into us? When plastic is heated in the microwave or dishwasher, chewed on or scratched, the chemicals can seep (渗透) out of the plastic. Even though we cant see them, we eat them, drink them and breathe them in.Scientists and parents are especially worried about young ch
34、ildren, who tend to chew on everything, including plastic.Dozens of countries, including the European Union, Japan, Canada and Mexico have already banned phthalates from products made for children younger than three. California and Washington have done the same. And a number of other states are cons
35、idering similar rules. As for BPA, Canada became the first country to ban the chemical from baby bottles. A dozen states are considering it.67What can we know about the plastic from the first paragraph?AIts characters and effects. BIts wide use and bad points.CIts importance and chemicals. DIts popu
36、larity and advantages.68Which of the following products contains BPA?AA soft plastic cup. BA pencil eraser. CA baby milk bottle. DA new perfume.69Phthalates and BPA can get into us _. Athrough mouth or nose Bthrough blood transfusionCby feeling plastic products Dby heating in the microwave70What is
37、the passage mainly about?AA new ban on plastic products. BProblems caused by the plastic. CGood points of the plastic. DThe use of plasticizers.【答案】DCAB辽宁省沈阳二中2015届高三上学期期中考试英语试题【题文】Here are the comments on CRI (China Radio International) given by people from different countries on the Internet. Peop
38、le CommentsYingtian HuGuangzhou, ChinaThis is the first time that I participate in CRI. And I like it very much. I hope its website will become the most excellent one with the foreign languages. And I choose the important news which I think has a great influence on our society and our lives. In the
39、end, I hope that more and more persons join in CRI and make it perfect!SujanParajuli,Select city, NepalI am both a regular listener of CRI and visitor of its wonderful Website. First of all, I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to CRI for its great efforts to keep the listeners up-to-date duri
40、ng the year 2008. We, the listeners, are greatly grateful to CRI for its praise-worthy efforts to quench the thirst of its dear listeners. During the Year 2008, I found all of your programs quite interesting, informative and educational. Once again, thanks a lot for offering lots of information, new
41、s, entertainment and many items which have indeed broaden the horizons of our knowledge and understanding as well.IbrahimRustamov, TajikistanWith CRI, I was impressed by Chinas rapid development in all spheres. But I felt so sorry to get to know about the snowstorms in China and Wenchuan earthquake.
42、 CRI and CCTV play a great role in introducing China to the world! Kudos! My friends and I wish CRI all the best!Mike Thatcher, LondonMy family and I are all keen on Chinese Culture, especially the beautiful Chinese folk music. Various interesting programs by CRI just open a window for us foreigners
43、, through which we can know more about China and have a better understanding of the Chinese culture. Best wishes to CRI! Best wishes to China!25. Which of the following benefits of CRI is NOT mentioned above?A. CRI helps to keep its listeners up-to-date.B. CRI helps its listeners to better understan
44、d China.C. CRI helps its listeners to practice and improve foreign languages.D. CRI helps its listeners broaden their knowledge with its rich contents.26. The underlined phrase “quench the thirst” refers to _.A. satisfy ones need B. supply drinksC. take care of D. keep in touch with27. What can be c
45、oncluded from the four comments?A. CRI has a great influence on our society and lives.B. Wonderful though CRI is, there are still many weaknesses.C. CRI plays an important role in introducing the world to China.D. CRI has made great efforts to make itself better and gained popularity.【答案】CAD【解析】【知识点
46、】新闻报道类 【文章综述】本文主要选取了不同国家的人们对中国国际广播电台节目的评论和喜爱。25. C。解析：推断题，根据SujanParajuli,Select city, Nepa部分的Commentsl可知B、C、D都在该部分讲述了，故选C。26. A。解析：细节题，根据SujanParajuli,Select city, Nepa部分的Commentsl中We, the listeners, are greatly grateful to CRI for its praise-worthy efforts to quench the thirst of its dear listener
47、s可知该节目满足了听者的需要，故选A。27. D。解析：推断题。根据第三段SujanParajuli,Select city, Nepa部分的Commentsl中thanks a lot for offering lots of information, news, entertainment and many items which have indeed broaden the horizons of our knowledge and understanding as well.可知该节目让听者更好地理解它，并赢得大家的欢迎，故选D。浙江省嘉兴一中2015届高三第一学期自主学习能力测试英
48、语【题文】Below is some advice on how to prevent cancer:8 Ways to Avoid Cancer in Your Life1. Eat BlueberriesAside from being a healthy and delicious snack, blueberries contain pterostilbene, which has important colon (结肠) cancer-fighting prosperities. But wait, it gets better. Blueberries also offer a l
49、arge dose of vitamins C (14 milligrams per cup). So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.2. Drink Pomegranate (石榴)JuiceThe deep red juice of the pomegranate contains polyphenols, isoflavones and ellagic acid, which togethe
50、r create a powerful anticancer mixture. Most recently, researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison has discovered that 16 ounces of pomegranate juice per day also may stop the growth of lung cancer.3. RelaxFeeling stressed or worried? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of
51、 developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some typ
52、e of cancer. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and relax!4. Take Selenium (硒)Selenium is well known for its cancer-fighting properties. In a study of almost 1,000 men, researchers from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that when men with the lowest
53、initial levels of selenium in their bodies received a daily supplement over a 4 year period, they cut their prostate (前列腺) cancer risk by a remarkable 92 percent. However, it is possible to get too much of a good thing, so monitor your intake of selenium-containing supplements, Brazil nuts, tuna, me
54、ats and grains carefully.5. Eat Sushi (寿司)Seaweed may not be your idea of a great snack, but it is high in fiber, calcium and iron, and dry, roasted seaweed sheets used in sushi provide the additional benefits of vitamins A and C. Sushi rolls are also high in protein a typical spicy tuna roll has on
55、ly 290 calories but packs 24 grams of protein. So dont skimp (节省) on the Sushi!6. Enjoy the OutdoorsVitamin D causes early death of cancer cells. A study published in the American Journey of Clinical Nutrition reported that women who supplemented their diets with 1,000 international. Units of vitami
56、n D every day had a 60 percent to 77 percent lower incidence of cancer over a four-year period than did women taking a placebo (无效对照剂). Experts recommend supplementing your fun in the sun with 1,100 to 2,000IU of vitamin D each day.7. Breathe Clean AirTheres no question that secondhand smoke kills.
57、A recent American Journal of Public Health study showed that nonsmokers working in smoky places had three times the amount of carcinogen (致癌物质) in their urine (尿) than nonsmokers working in smoke-free locations. Whats worse, their levels of the carcinogen rose 6 percent for every hour worked. Nine s
58、tates have banned smoking in all workplaces, bars and restaurants. The message is clear: Do whatever you can to avoid the cloud of smoke. 8. Break a SweatEven a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits. In a study of 29,110 men published in the International Journal of Cance
59、r, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of metastasis (转移性) prostate cancer than men who didnt work out at all. The better the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study. 46. To prevent yourself from catching col
60、on cancer, you should eat _ as often as possible.A. sushi B. blueberries C. pomegranates D. vitamin D47. A person is very likely to catch some type of cancer if _.A. he is very fond of exercise every day.B. he enjoys having fun in the sun C. he is always feeling extremely stressed or worriedD. he li
61、kes to have meals in restaurants48. _ will remarkably reduce the risk of mens prostate cancer.A. Having a daily supplement of seleniumB. Drinking a cup of pomegranate juice every dayC. Breathing fresh air now and thenD. Taking exercise at least once a week49. If you want to keep cancer away, it is p
62、articularly important to _.A. have a daily supplement of vitamins B and CB. try to ignore the secondhand smokingC. take in as many selenium-containing supplements as possibleD. having exercise as often as possible【答案】46-49 BCADB北京市重点中学2015届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题 【题文】High school dropouts earn an average of $
63、9,000 less per year than graduates. Now a new study denies a common belief why they quit. Its much more basic than flunking out(不及格).Society tends to think of high school dropouts as kids who just cant make it. They are lazy, and perhaps not too bright. So researchers were surprised when they asked
64、more than 450 kids who quit school about why they left.“The vast majority actually had passing grades and they were confident that they could have graduated from high school.” John Bridgeland, the executive researcher said. About 1 million teens leave school each year. Only about half of African-Ame
65、rican and Hispanic(美籍西班牙的)students will receive a diploma, and actually all dropouts come to regret their decision. So, if failing grades dont explain why these kids quit, what does? Again, John Bridgeland: “The most dependable finding was that they were bored.” “They found classes uninteresting；the
66、y werent inspired or motivated. They didnt see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives, or to their career aspirations.”The study found that most teens who do drop out wait until they turn sixteen, which happens to be the age at which most states all
67、ow students to quit. In the US, only one state, New Mexico, has a law requiring teenagers to stay in high school until they graduate. Only four states: California, Tennessee, Texas and Utah, plus the District of Columbia, require school attendance until age 18, no exceptions. Jeffrey Garin, another
68、researcher, says raising the compulsory attendance age may be one way to keep more kids in school.“As these dropouts look back, they realize theyve made a mistake. And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out and see it through to the end, is probably helpful measure.”N
69、ew Hampshire may be the next state to raise its school attendance age to 18.But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the pointthe need for reform. Its been called for to reinvent high school education to make it more challenging and relev
70、ant, and to ensure that kids who do stick it out receive a diploma that actually means something.【小题1】Most high school students drop out of school because_.A. they have failing grades B. they take no interest in classesC. they are mistreated D. they are lazy and not intelligent【小题2】According to the
71、passage, which state has a law requiring school attendance until they graduate?A. New Hampshire B. UtahC. New Mexico D. The District of Columbia【小题3】The underlined words “stick it out” probably means“_”.A. complete schooling B. solve the problemC. love having classes D. believe in themselves【小题4】In
72、the last paragraph, the writer is trying to_.A. analyze the reason why students quit schoolB. suggest raising the compulsory attendance ageC. raise awareness of reforming high school educationD. wish to make laws to guarantee no dropout【答案】BCAC【解析】本文讲述一项研究表明高中辍学者的平均收入比毕业生每年少9000美元，这呼吁学校进行改革，让那些辍学的学生
73、完成他们的学业。 【小题1】B 细节理解题。根据第三段提到“They found classes uninteresting；they werent inspired or motivated. They didnt see any direct connection between what they were learning in the classroom to their own lives, or to their career aspirations可知学生辍学的原因是课堂没有兴趣，没有动力，故选B项。【小题2】C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段The study found tha
74、t most teens who do drop out wait until they turn sixteen, which happens to be the age at which most states allow students to quit.可知选C项。【小题3】A 词意猜测。根据倒数第二段And anything that sort of gives these people an extra push to stick it out and see it through to the end, is probably helpful measure.可知任何给人们以额外的动力来完成学业，从结果来看，都是非常有效的措施，故选A项。【小题4】C 写作意图。根据最后一段提到But critics say that forcing the students unwilling to continue their studies to stay in school misses the pointthe need for reform.可知批评家提到，强迫不愿意上学的学生继续呆在学校里，忽略这一点，这是学校改革的需要，故选C项。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m