1、重点词汇考点-1.leave【教材原句】Listen to me, young man we left you in charge!（P22）听我说年轻人我们将这个家委托你负责！【例句研读】译出下列句子Leave the door open, please. What has left him away for so long? Dont leave the child by himself at home. The parents died, leaving the boy an orphan. She raised a question, leaving me thinking for l
2、ong. I cant leave such an important matter undone/unfinished. Dont leave me to explain it to him. 【自主归纳】在“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，充当宾语补足语的有：形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、现在分词、过去分词及动词不定式。意为：使处于某种状态、使一直做某事。 熟记下列词组：leave off停止，中断leave out遗漏，省略；把排除在外，不包括leave over留下；剩下；延后；推迟leave alone 让独自呆着；不打扰，不干预leave sth. to sb./leave
3、 sb. sth. 将某物留赠给某人leave for 动身前往【即时巩固】单项选择题A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left_.A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfiedAre you going to have a holiday this year?Id love to. I cant wait to leave this place_ .
4、 A. off B. out C. behind D. overDont leave the water _while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run【教材原句】 Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. (P23) 丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分She feels upset that we didnt tell her the truth. _Im sorry, but I didnt mean to upset
5、you. _Im angry that she has upset my plan for this evening. _【答案】 感到难过 使你不高兴，搅乱我晚上的计划【自主归纳】upset 作形容词时意为“难过的, 心烦的”；upset 作动词时意为“使烦恼，使不高兴；搅乱(计划，形势等)；打/弄翻”译出下列词组：be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心(sth.)upset sb. (某事)使某人心烦意乱(sb.)upset sth. (某人)打/弄翻某物upset a plan 打乱计划句型：It upsets sb. that . 让某人烦心的是【即时巩固】
6、单项选择题The protesters _the meeting by shouting and throwing stones at the windows.A. attendedB. heldC. upsetD. mixed【答案】C【解析】upset扰乱，打乱；attend参加；hold举行； mix混合，根据句意可知正确答案为C项。句意：抗议者们通过大喊和朝窗户扔石头的方式扰乱了会议。Everything from greeting to eating can be an opportunity to do the wrong thing，and not only embarrass
7、yourself, but _ your host.A. scare B. upset C. tease D. blame【教材原句】They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. (P23)他们压根儿就没有给我一个辩解的机会。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子I cant afford a lawyer so I shall defend myself in court. 我请不起律师，所以我要在法庭上 。How can we defend our homeland if we dont have an army?如果我们没有军队，我们
8、怎样 ？Dont keep silent. You are supposed to defend your right. 你不要保持沉默。你 。The forest will act as a barrier to defend against sandstorms. 这片森林将充当 的屏障。He picked up a stick to defend himself from/against the three mens attack. 他拿起一根棒 那三个人的攻击。He gave his life in defence of his country. 他 而献出了生命。【自主归纳】defe
9、nd作动词表示“辩解，辩白，辩护；防守，防护”。其名词形式为：defence译出下列词组：保护免遭伤害defend from / against 抵御 defend against保卫,为而辩护 in defence of【即时巩固】单项选择题It is said that the murderer has employed a famous lawyer to _ him.A. defend B. protectC. defend for D. protect forOur milk powder is especially suitable for children under 6, as
10、 it helps a lot to build the bodys natural _.A. reservation B. defence C. variety D. heritageMrs. Green stood up the 16-year-old boy, saying that he shouldnt have been punished.A. in honour of B. in terms of C. in the form of D. in defence of【教材原句】They dont deserve an explanation. (P23)他们不配得到解释。【例句研
11、读】译出下列句中划线部分These people deserve our help. _They really worked hard and they deserve to be rewarded. _Your suggestion deserves consideration/ considering/ to be considered _【答案】应得我们的帮助 应该得到回报 值得考虑【自主归纳】deserve 意为“应得”、“应受到”或“值得”。 后接名词、动名词或动词不定式被动式作宾语。表示“值得”的词还有：worth, worthy 和worthwhile。我们通过下面的一句多译来理
12、解它们之间的区别与联系。上面的第句子还可以这样译：Your suggestion is worth consideration.Your suggestion is worth considering.Your suggestion of being considered.Your suggestion is worthy to be considered.It is worth considering your suggestion.Itisworthwhileconsidering your suggestion.Itisworthwhileto consider your suggest
13、ion. 【即时巩固】单项选择题Whoever does wrong to his country or to the people deserves_.A. to punish B. to be punishedC. to punishment D. of being punished考点-5 insist 【教材原句】Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music. (
14、P35)最近，他一直拒绝做作业，而总是把时间浪费在看DVD和听外国音乐上。【例句研读】阅读下列句子，注意insist的含义和搭配Mr. Smith insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. She insisted that the homework (should) be finished before five oclock. The young man insisted that he hadnt stolen the watch. 【自主归纳】insist 意为“坚持”或“坚决”。它
15、主要有以下两种用法：insist 后接 on / upon doing sth. 意为“坚决要求做某事”或“一定要做某事”。He insists on / upon paying a visit to her home. 他坚持要到她家拜访一下。 insist 后接从句表示“坚持要”时(实际上事情还没有发生)，从句习惯用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should亦可省略。如果表示“坚持说”或“坚持认为” (实际上事实已经存在)则用陈述语气，谓语动词按常规随时态而变化。工人坚决要求应平等计酬。The workers insisted that they (should) be
16、 paid equally. 那男孩坚持说他什么也没做，不应该受到惩罚。The boy insisted that he had done nothing and (should) not be punished. 【即时巩固】单项选择题He insisted that the goods _before the end of May.A. be delivered B. deliveredC. deliver D. was delivered【答案】A【解析】deliver与 goods之间是被动关系， insist作“坚决要求”讲时，宾语从句中用虚拟语气should动词原形，should可
17、以省略。Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention _ before class. A. to underlined B. was underlined C. to be underlined D. to being underlined【答案】C【解析】分析句子结构可知，worth paying attention to作the key words的后置定语; insist表示“坚【教材原句】How can I help my son without harming our relationship?(P35)
18、我怎么帮助我的儿子而不伤害我们的关系？【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子It wouldnt do her any harm to work a bit harder.工作加点劲 。He means no harm by saying what he thinks, but people tend to be upset by it.他想到什么就说什么 ，但人们听了心里总不舒服。Smoking in public can be harmful to nonsmokers health.在公共场所吸烟会 。He may not be able to help but there is no h
19、arm in asking him(=but it does no harm to ask him).他可能帮不了什么忙，但是 。I harmed my eyes by reading in dim light.我在昏暗的光线下阅读 。【自主归纳】harm既可以充当名词又可以用作动词，它的形容词形式为：harmful译出下列词组：给某人造成伤害 do harm to sb.=do sb.harm=be harmful to sb.无恶意 mean no harm做某事没有坏处 There is no harm in doing sth.=It does no harm to do sth. 【
20、即时巩固】单项选择题Noise pollution _our ears and air pollution is _to all living things as well.A. does harm to; harmfulB. makes harm; harmedC. is harmful to; doing harmfulD. gives harm; harmful【答案】A【解析】解析：第一个空do harm to“对有害”；第二个空前动词是be，因此选形容词harmful，be harmful to“对有害”。Many lifestyle patterns do such _great
21、harm to health that they actually speed up _weakening of the human body.A. a; /B. /; theC. a; the D. /; /【教材原句】He even forbids me from chatting with my friends in the Internet cafe! (P37)他甚至禁止我在网吧与朋友聊天！【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律 。Their father forbade them to go(forb
22、ad their going )swimming.他们的父亲 。God(Heaven) forbid that you should regret your marriage to him. 后悔与他结婚。According to the law, any ships will be forbidden to enter the water. 根据法律规定， 这片水域。The soldiers were forbidden from leaving camp after dark.天黑后士兵 。He didnt like his daughters boyfriend and forbade
23、him the house. 他不喜欢他女儿的男朋友， 。【自主归纳】译出下列词组：禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth./forbid sb. from doing sth./forbid sbs doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止某人某事 forbid sb. sth. (某人)被禁止做某事 (sb.)be forbidden to do sth/be forbidden from doing sth句型：forbid that . 禁止，但愿不(从句中常用should动词原形)表达“禁止某人做某事”的词组还有：ban sb. fr
24、om doing sth prohibit sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事：prevent/stop/discourage sb. from doing sth【即时巩固】单项选择题There is a board by the road, which _“Parking _！”A. writes; forbidding B. reading, forbiddingC. says, forbidden D. saying, forbiddenThe headmaster forbids _ in the office. And students _ at school.A
25、. from smoking; forbid smoking B. to smoke; are forbidden to smokeC. smoking; are forbidden to smoke D. to smoke; are forbidden smokingChina recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _in the South China Sea.A. attackingB. having attacked C.
26、 having been attackedD. being attacked 【教材原句】As teenagers grow, it is normal for them to become confused with the changing world both inside and outside of them.(P38)随着青少年的成长，他们对于内心以及外部正在变化的世界感到困惑是正常的。【例句研读根据英语句子完成汉语句子They asked me so many questions that I got confused. 他问了我那么多的问题以至于我都 。They are a l
27、ot of confused ideas in my head.我头脑里 。She looked up in confusion when she heard someone call her name.当听到有人叫她的名字的时候，她 抬起头来。The information is so confusing that I dont know what to do next.这些信息是 ，以至于我不知下一步该怎么做。People often confuse me and my twin sister because we are so alike. ，所以人们常常 。Her unexpected
28、 arrival threw us into confusion.她的突然到来使得 。【自主归纳】confuse v. 意为“混淆，搞错” adj. confused(感到)困惑的adj. confusing让人困惑的n. confusion 困惑译出下列词组：对感到困惑的 become/get confused about. 把和弄混淆 confusewith/and 不知所措，感到困惑 in confusion使陷入忙乱 throw .into confusion 【即时巩固】单项选择题I always _you with your sister, because you look so
29、alike.A. mixed B. mistookC. confused D. combined【答案】C【解析】confusewith把和弄混淆。句意：我老是把你和你妹妹弄混，因为你们看上去是那么地像。There was a _look on his face when he met with the _problem.A. confusing; confusing B. confused; confusedC. Confusing; confused D. confused; confusing【教材原句】Many boys become risktakers they want to f
30、ind their own limits and the limits of the world around them, but may not have the wisdom to make good choices in their behaviour.(P38)很多男孩成为危险尝试者他们希望找到自己的局限和他们周边世界的局限，但也许并不具有对其行为作出正确抉择的智慧。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子We should set a limit to what our children can do.我们应该 。Im willing to help, within limits.我愿意
31、帮忙，当然这是 。We must limit the expenses to $100 a month. 我们必须 每月100美元。As a coach, I always want to encourage the team to really go beyond the limit. 作为一个教练，我总是想鼓励队员们真正地 。Our patience has been taxed to the limit. 我们的忍耐 。 Dont make your study be limited to the classroom.不要把自己的学习只 。【答案】我们应该限制孩子们的所作所为。我愿意帮忙
32、，当然这是有一定限度的。我们必须把开支限制在每月100美元。作为一个教练，我总是想鼓励队员们真正地超越极限。我们的忍耐到了极点。 不要把自己的学习只局限于课堂。【自主归纳】limit n. 限制；极限；界限 vt. 限制译出下列词组：对限制(控制) set a limit to超过(越)限度(极限) go beyond/over the limit在一定程度上，有一定限制 within limits到了最大限度 to the limit把限定在 limit .to . (被)限定在 be limited to .【即时巩固】单项选择题Because of the small size of t
33、his primary school, it only admits a _number of children.A. limited B. minimumC. certain D. confinedIve limited myself _ 1,000 calories a day to try to lose weight.A. in B. forC. to D. on【教材原句】The good news is that these kinds of growing pains do not last.(P38)好在这些成长的烦恼并不会持久。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子He has
34、 lived here for the last few years. 他一直住在这里。My mother is always the last to go to bed every day.母亲每天总是 。The hot weather lasted until September. 炎热的天气 。And last but not least there is the question of adequate funding, without which well do nothing. 要有足够的资金问题。没有足够的资金，我们将一事无成。What comes last but one li
35、ne in this poem? 这首诗的 是什么？To invite a lie about my mistake is the last thing Ill do.用谎话来掩盖我的错误是 。Im so glad that we have found you at last!我们 ，我真是太高兴了！This is a question of the last importance. Be sure to put it on the agenda.这是个 问题，一定要把它列入议事日程。 This is the last thing in electric fans.这是 的电扇。 It was
36、 the last crime the gang committed last year.这是这帮家伙 犯下的一桩 。 【自主归纳】last的词性和词义非常灵活，看上去颇为复杂，但只要请注意以下重点就可以了。谓语动词与“last+时间名词”和“for(in) the last+时间名词”连用的时态问题 He came here last month. He has lived/has been living here for the last month.（last month 指上月，时态用一般过去时；the last month(=the past month) 指刚刚过去的一月，时态可用
37、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。）last作“极不可能的，最不合适的，最不的”的解释He is the last man to do such a thing.他决不会干那样的事情。译出下列词组：倒数第二 last but one 最后但同样重要的 last but not least最后，终于 at last【即时巩固】单项选择题If you are the last student _ the room, remember to turn off the lights.A. leavingB. to leaveC. leftD. leavesHe is the person to be fit
38、 for the job, because of his very bad working records.A . first B. best C. last D. only . In the last few years thousands of films _all over the world.A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being producedThe last time I _Jane, she _ cotton in the fields.A. had seen, was picki
39、ng B. saw, pickedC. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking【教材原句】Do you have to turn up your music so loud?(P21)你非得把音乐声调得这么大吗？【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子He suddenly turned up in front of my eyes, making me nervous.他突然 ，让我感到很紧张。If youre cold, I can turn the heat up.如果你冷的话，我可以 。She turned up the missing papers un
40、der her bed. 她在床下 。【答案】他突然出现在我面前，让我感到很紧张。如果你冷的话，我可以把暖气开大一些。她在床下找到了丢失的文件。【自主归纳】词组turn up的意义为：开大(音量)，调高(音量、热量等)；露面，出现；发现，翻到译出下列词组：调小/调低，不接受/拒绝 turn down打开(自来水/电灯/收音机)；(使)感兴趣；突然攻击/针对某人turn on 关(灯等)；(使)厌烦 turn off上交；退还 turn in 出席，在场，结果，证明(是) turn out(to be)转向；求助于，从事 turn to转过身 turn (a)round不理睬，避开，转过身去 t
41、urn away 折回；返回 turn back翻转；翻身；把(所有权)交给 turn over 熟悉下列词组（句型）：in turn 轮流，依次；相信地，转而by turns 轮流，依次take turns (in)doing/to do sth.轮流做某事wait ones turn 等着轮到某人Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事【即时巩固】单项选择题We planned to meet at 7: 30 at the gate, but she never _until 8:00. A. came up B. turned up C. held up D. p
42、icked upThousands of people _ to watch yesterdays match against Ireland.A. turned onB. turned inC. turned around D. turned outI did nothing wrong. Why are you always _ me?A. turning up B. turning onC. bringing up D. bringing onVitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical，and this special chemi
43、cal，_ affects our brains, making us feel happy.A. in turn B. in particularC. in advance D. in short影响我们的大脑，使我们感到幸福。in turn转而；in particular尤其，特别地；in advance提前；in short简而言之，故选A项。考点-12.be supposed to 【教材原句】But, but you werent supposed to come home until tomorrow. (P22) 但是，但是你们不是应该明天才回家的嘛！【例句研读】根据英语句子完成
44、汉语句子You are supposed to take off your shoes before entering the room.进入房间前 。Who do you suppose we saw at the restaurant？ 我们在餐馆见到谁了？All of her friends suppose him to be her husband.她所有的朋友都 她的丈夫。Suppose/Supposing flights are fully booked on that day, which other day could we go? ，我们还可以哪天走呢？I dont supp
45、ose she is a volunteer, is she? 她不是志愿者，是吗？He wont be coming tomorrow, will he? I suppose not(=I dont suppose so). 他明天不会来，对不对？ 。You are supposed to have finished the work ahead of time, but you havent. 你 ，但是你没有。【自主归纳】译出下列词组（句型）：(不)应该做某事 be(not) supposed to do sth. 本来应该做某事(而事实上没有) be supposed to have
46、done sth.be supposed to be 被认为是 suppose/supposing (that) 假定/假如I suppose so. 我认为是这样。I suppose not.( I dont suppose so.) 我认为不是这样。【即时巩固】单项选择题What are you doing out of bed, Tom？Youre _ to be asleep.A. supposed B. knownC. thought D. consideredWe havent heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose
47、_to her?A. was happening B. to happenC. has happened D. having happenedThe plane _arrive at 1130, but was almost half an hour late.Common practice.A. was about toB. was likely toC. was supposed to D. was certain toYou should apologize to her，Barry._, but its not going to be easy.A. I like to B. I fe
48、el soC. I prefer to D. I suppose so【教材原句】What did you do with the cash we left?(P22) 你俩用我们留给你们的钱做了什么？【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子This is a very hard problem and what will you do with it? 这是一个很难的问题， ？How did you deal with the problem between them? 你 他们之间的问题的？If they cant get it to us in time, well just have to
49、 do without.如果他们不能及时给我们拿来，我们 。This has something very important to do with learning? 这和学习 。Turn off the radio. I cant do with such noisy music.立刻关掉收音机。我 如此吵闹的音乐。【答案】这是一个很难的问题，你将如何处理？ 你是如何处理他们之间的问题的？如果他们不能及时给我们拿来，我们就只好将就了。这和学习有非常重要的关系。立刻关掉收音机。我无法忍受如此吵闹的音乐。【自主归纳】do with, deal with都可以表示“处理，应付，对付”，其区别在于
50、：do with和what连用，而deal with和how连用；注意：handle为及物动词，后面不加介词with。 The housewife doesnt know what to do with those ragged clothes. The housewife doesnt know how to deal with those ragged clothes. 那位家庭主妇不知道如何处理那些破烂的衣服。译出下列词组： 无法忍受 cant do with 与有关(无关) have(there be) something(nothing) to do with 没有也行，将就 do
51、without 请注意：do away with废除【即时巩固】单项选择题Could you tell me how to _ these problems so that I will be able to adapt to the life in Guiyang ? A. do with B. come up with C. agree with D. deal withHow do you _a disagreement between the company and its customers?The key to solving the problem is to meet the
52、demand made by the customers.A. make with B. do withC. handle with D. deal withDuring the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to _ bread for days.A. eat up B. give away C. do without D. deal with【答案】C【解析】根据上句During the war there was a serious l
53、ack of food可推测出“即或是富裕家庭也得好几天吃不上面包”，应选择do without表示“不用/吃勉强度过”。eat up吃完；give away收拾；deal with应付，处理。考点-14.stay up 【教材原句】I studied a lot yesterday and stayed up very late. (P34) 昨天我学习时间很长，熬夜到很晚。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子The final exam is coming and I have to stay up going over my lessons.期终考试就要到了，我不得不 。The old
54、house stayed up in the earthquake.那座旧房子在这次地震中 。He warns you to stay away from his daughter when he stays out.他警告你在他 时，你要 。I should stay out of trouble if I were you.如果我是你的话，我就会 。Tony stayed behind after school to help John clean up the classroom.托尼 ，帮助约翰打扫教室。I think Id better stay in on Sunday inste
55、ad of going out to do some shopping.我想星期日最好还是 ，而不是 买东西。【答案】期终考试就要到了，我不得不熬夜复习功课了。那座旧房子在这次地震中没有倒塌。他警告你在他不在家时，你要离他女儿远远的。如果我是你的话，我就会避开这些麻烦。托尼放学后留下来没有走，帮助约翰打扫教室。我想星期日最好还是呆在家里，而不是外出买东西。【自主归纳】译出下列词组：熬夜，没有倒塌 stay up留下来不走 stay behind呆在家里 stay in待在户外，不在家 stay out 不参与；不插手；置身于之外 stay out of 离开，不接近 stay away fro
56、m 【即时巩固】单项选择题Every one of us _at the news that the experiment had proved a complete success.A. cheered up B. hurried upC. stayed up D. rose up【答案】A【解析】cheer up欢呼起来；hurry up急忙；stay up熬夜；rise up起义，叛变。句意：一听到实验完全成功的消息，我们大家都欢呼起来。Mary is taking the final exam tomorrow.No wonder she _ until 12:00 last nigh
57、t.A. stayed out B. stayed in C. stayed up D. stayed awayDont cheat in the examyoull never _ it. A. keep away from B. stay away from C. get away with D. do away with 【教材原句】I didnt fail my maths test after all, Miss Xu made an error and mixed up my results with someone elses! (P34)我数学考试终究没有不及格，徐老师弄错了，
58、把我的成绩与别人的成绩搞混了。【例句研读】阅读下列句子，领悟划线词组的意思Dont get discouraged by setbacks, we are new to the work after all.In our class, there are twenty boy students and twenty-five girl students in all.In order to learn English well, above all/first of all, youd better learn how to remember new words.It wasnt funny,
59、 but all in all it was a good movie.All of a sudden/All at once, she broke into a smile.Is it difficult to study English? Not at all. Im sorry to keep you waiting. Oh, not at all. Ive been here only a few minutes.Thanks for helping me. Not at all. I enjoyed it. 【自主归纳】译出下列词组：毕竟，终究，别忘了 after all总共 in
60、all首先，特别是，最重要的是 above all/first of all突然 allof a sudden/all at once总的来说 all in all 一点也不；没关系；别客气 not at all【即时巩固】单项选择题Why are you so anxious？It isnt your problem_.A. on purposeB. in allC. on time D. after allIm hunting for a house, nice, bright, comfortable and _with a big garden.A. all over B. after
61、 allC. above all D. in all【答案】C【解析】above all表示“最重要的是；首要的是”，符合语境。all over表示“到处”；after all表示“毕竟”；in all表示“总计”，这三项都不符合句意。二、经典句型考点-1.状语从句中的省略【教材原句】Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected.(P22)爸爸和妈妈外出度假，比(孩子们)预计的时间提前一天返回家中。【句法分析】than expected为状语从句中的省略形式，完整句式为：than(they are)expec
62、ted，意为“比预期的，比预料的”。【考点聚焦】状语从句中的省略情况：当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be。如：While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called. He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak. 当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可将it和be一起省略，此时构成“连词(if, unless, when, whenever)形容词”的结构。Unless (it is) necessary, youd bette
63、r not refer to the dictionary.【即时巩固】单项选择题(2010全国卷II )Though _ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。A. surprise B was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised(2008福建卷)Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order .A. as told B. as are
64、 told C. as telling D. as they told(2007全国卷I)We all know that, , the situation will get worse.A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with【教材原句】The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the s
65、ink.(P22) 房间里一片狼籍：地板上堆放着比萨饼盒子，洗碗池里全是脏碗碟。【句法分析】with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink是“with宾语宾补”所构成的with的复合结构。该结构中可以用“形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词”。该结构在句中可以作状语，还可作定语。He is used to sleeping with the window open(窗户开着).Who left the room with the light on(让等亮着)?The teacher came into the classroo
66、m with a book in his hand(手上拿着一本书).The girl felt very safe with her mother standing behind her(身后站着她的母亲).With all the things she needed bought(买了所需的东西), she left the shop happily.With so many books to read(有那么多书要读), I have no time to chat with you.【考点聚焦】在“with+宾语+非谓语动词”结构中是用不定式、现在分词还是过去分词。【即时巩固】单项选择
67、题(2012辽宁卷) The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows(2007安徽卷)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished(2002上海
68、春季招生卷)With a lot of difficult problems ,the newly-elected President is having a hard time .A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled【教材原句】Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.(P23)丹尼尔双臂交叉，看上去很不高兴。【句法分析】该句中含有“have+宾语+过去分词”的结构，意为“使处于状态，使被做，有某种遭遇或经历”。“have”这样用时我们称之为“使役动词”。“ have+宾语+非谓
69、语动词结构”还有另外两种形式：have +宾语+原形动词，意为.意为“让做某事”，这时have与let，make的用法相同；have +宾语+现在分词，.意为“让一直做某事”，有“听任，保持”之意。【考点聚焦】在“have+宾语+非谓语动词”结构中，判断使用何种形式的非谓语动词；判断“have”是不是作使役动词用。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2011陕西卷)Claire had luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked【答案】D【解析】have sth. done“让被做
70、”。逻辑主语是her luggage，和check的关系是被动关系，所以选择D。句意：查理在登机前一小时，她所携带的行李接受了检查。(2007北京卷)Excuse me sir, where is Room 301? Just a minute. Ill have Bob _you to your room. A. show B. shows C. to show D. showing(2010年山东卷)I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term.A. completingB. to completeC. completed D
71、. being completed【教材原句】Maybe, but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us. (P23) 或许吧，但是既然他对我们这么无礼，我觉得我们有必要教训教训他。，要不然，他不会尊重我们的。【句法分析】该句中“feel like”后面跟的是省略了“that”的宾语从句，意为：觉得好像。我们通常所碰到的是“feel like”跟名词或动名词作宾语。顺便提一下本句中的“now that”：now that和 seeing that,
72、considering that ,in that一样用来引导原因状语从句，表示“鉴于某个事实或显而易见的原因”，相当于since。其中除in that外，其余三个都可以将that省略。【考点聚焦】“feel like”跟名词或动名词作宾语。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2011四川卷)Lydia doesnt feel like_ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to studyHave you ever cheated anyone?Never. Of course, yet I dont feel
73、like _ like a fool.A. cheatingB. to cheat C. cheatedD. being cheated【教材原句】Many teenagers feel lonely, as if no one understands them and the changes they are going through.(P38)许多青少年感到孤独，好像没有人理解他们以及他们正在经历的变化。【句法分析】as if意为“似乎”或“好像”，相当于as though。as if 从句中可以用陈述语气（表示可能或真实的事情），也可以用虚拟语气。as if后面还可以跟动词不定式或分词
74、。Mary loves the baby so much as if she were his mother. 玛丽如此爱这个小孩，好像自己是小孩的妈妈一样。He looked as if he had known the answer. 他看上去好像已经知道答案了。The patient opened his mouth as if to speak.病人张开嘴似乎有话要说。He stared at the boy as if seeing him for the first time.他凝视那个男孩好像第一次见到他一样。【考点聚焦】as if(though) 从句中虚拟语气的运用；as i
75、f(though) 与其它连词的区别。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2012北京卷)Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been 【答案】B 【解析】考查as if从句中的虚拟语气。对现在的虚拟用were。as if“仿佛，好像”。其后面的内容若与事实不符则用虚拟语气，花瓶不是用钢做的，因此选择B项。句意：别把这花瓶当作钢做的似的去拿。(2011湖南卷)Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. A .as if B. in case C. while D. though
