1、Unit 1 Women of achievement培优练习一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Worlds Largest InsectThis giant insect can be used as a toy.A child ties one end of a string to a stick and the other end around the neck of an insect. Holding the stick, the child lets the insect go. With a loud whirring sou
2、nd, the insect takes off, pulling the string in a large curve over the childs head. The child laughs as the stick jumps around.The child is African, and the toy is the African Goliath beetle, the largest insect in the world.The Goliath is a true insect because it has six legs and a body that is divi
3、ded into three parts. Like all beetles, it has two pairs of wings. The front pair are thick and stiff and protect the back pair, which are soft. It is these soft back wings that make the beetle fly forward. They also cause the loud whirring sound the beetle makes when it flies. To steer, the beetle
4、twists and turns its legs the same way you steer a bike by turning its front wheel.African children often use the Goliath beetle as a toy. Although it is over 15 centimeters long, it is quite harmless.1. The African Goliath beetle is _. A. the worlds largest insectB. a toy used in many parts of the
5、world C. the only insect found in AfricaD. the worlds smallest insect2. What made the whirring sound that the child heard? A. The curved string. B. The beetles soft wings. C. The beetles six legs. D. The beetles body.3. We know the Goliath beetle is a true insect because it _. A. makes a whirring so
6、und when it flies B. has both soft and hard wings C. has six legs and a body with three parts D. can flyBChinese high school students have the longest study hours compared to their peers (同龄人) in Japan, the US and the Republic of Korea, a survey conducted by the four countries said.The survey, relea
7、sed by the China Youth and Children Research Center (CYCRC) on Monday, was jointly conducted with institutions in the four countries in SeptemberOctober of 2008. It covers nearly 4,000 students in senior high schools and vocational high schools in the four countries.About 78.3 percent of Chinese stu
8、dents said they spend more than eight hours at school and 56.7 percent said they study at least two more hours each day at home. By contrast, only 24.7 percent of their peers in the US, 20.5 percent in Japan and 15.4 percent in Korea study more than two hours after school.Around 60 percent of all st
9、udents surveyed said their burden for studies was the heaviest; however, the Japanese felt their burden was the worst with respondents (应答者) reaching 79.2 percent.Among the five biggest headaches for young people in the four countries were: overscheduling ranked first, followed by a boring leisure l
10、ife, unsatisfied appearance, little time for exercise and making friends, and no spare money.“Moderate (适度的) study pressure can better drive students to develop, however, too much will squeeze (挤) their development space, and can even cause harm to their physical and psychological health,” the surve
11、y said.“Balancing their studies and allround development is a very important task,” it said.4. What would be the best title for the text?A. Chinese High School Students Study MoreB. High School Students Need More RestC. Heavy Burdens of High School StudentsD. Big Headaches of High School Students5.
12、Which of the following is NOT true about the survey?A. It took about two months.B. It was conducted in four countries.C. Nearly 4 000 students took part in it.D. It was done only in senior high schools.6. Which of the following troubles the high school students most?A. Being busy.B. Feeling bored.C.
13、 Lacking pocket money.D. Feeling unsatisfied with their teachers.7. According to the survey, _.A. study pressure is harmful to students healthB. students need to achieve all-round developmentC. the Chinese students felt their burden for studies was the heaviestD. most students are suffering from phy
14、sical and psychological health problemsCThe world we live in gets more mechanized every year. Some countries which were mainly agricultural a hundred years ago have now become industrial. New factories and towns have been built on good agricultural land. There are now fewer farms to serve a much gre
15、ater population, so these farms must be more efficient in order to produce as much food as possible. There is no place in the modern agricultural world for the inefficient farmer. Unfortunately, many of the picturesque aspects of farming are disappearing in the search for efficiency. The more tracto
16、rs are used, the fewer horses are needed. Everyone agrees that horses are far more pleasant to look at than tractors. But they are less efficient. Cows are usually milked by machinery nowadays, and even pigs are fed automatically. There is not much art or poetry on the modern farm, and the old tradi
17、tional idea of a farm as a slow, peaceful, romantic place is totally wrong nowadays.The modern farmer has to be a mechanic, a scientist, an accountant and a gambler. The more mechanized farming becomes, the more expert the farmer has to be. He must understand what machinery is necessary for his kind
18、 of farm, and he must know how to use it efficiently. He must also understand the new technical advances in agriculture, and how to use chemical and synthetic products to improve his crops. The more workers a farmer employs, the more he must know about the problems of wages and taxes. As in any othe
19、r industry，most modern farmers find it necessary to employ office staff to deal with these. But although he has more modern equipments and far more scientific aids than his grandfather had, the farmer is still dependent upon the weather. As he can never be sure what the weather will do, he must be p
20、repared to take risks, and face the possibility of losing everything.8. The underlined word “mechanic” means _.A. a skilled farmer B. a skilled person in using and repairingC. a worker D. a driver9. Why the idea of a farm as a slow, peaceful, romantic place is wrong nowadays?A. Because nowadays, the
21、 world gets more mechanized.B. Because cows are usually milked by machinery and pigs are fed automatically.C. The fewer horses are needed.D. No farm needs the inefficient farmer.10. How to explain “The more mechanized farming becomes，the more expert the farmer has to be”?A. With the development of a
22、griculture, it needs farmers to become a skilled man to operate those agricultural machines.B. With the development of agriculture, the farmer should be an accountant.C. With the development of agriculture, the farmer should be mechanized.D. With the development of agriculture, the farmer has to be
23、a driver.11. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. The weather is a very important factor in agriculture.B. Its necessary for modern farmers to have modern equipments.C. The farmers dont have to know about their wages and taxes today.D. Nowadays, its necessary for farmers to use office staff.DLiving
24、 and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher.If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let other person know
25、 how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesnt solve anything.Communication begins with the concerns (关心) of another. It means that you cant just come home from school, go up to your room and ign
26、ore (不理睬) everyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing.If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance （表达）of information, correspondence （通信）, means of communication: a lette
27、r or a message”. To maintain (保持) a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if its just by writing a note.When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see somet
28、hing as you see it, tell them that youll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse.This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fi
29、reworks, but she didnt feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they werent as mad and let the incid
30、ent go. Communication is the key factor here. If Sophies parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble.Communication isnt a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophies, telling the other person how you feel-listening i
31、s the key factor to communication.12. In the writers view, dealing with parents is _ than with children. A. more difficultB. easier C. more uninterestingD. more interesting13. The main idea of the second paragraph is _. A. the importance of friendship B. to make your feeling known to others C. the i
32、mportance of communication D. the disagreement between generations14. When parents and children are in communication, the key to a happy relationship is that _. A. children should always obey their parentsB. they should be equalC. parents play the leading partD. both make the opposite know their fee
33、lings15. The example in this passage proves that _. A. Sophies parents are willing to listen to her B. Sophie is very polite to her parents C. Sophie did well in explaining her being late D. communication is the solution (解决办法) to misunderstanding二、阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Questi
34、on: I have recently got a senior position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 1 . My first reaction was to answer defensively. Late
35、r, I realized that I shouldnt feel that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings?Answer: Congratulations on your new position! Presenting in front of your peers (同事) is a hard task in itself, and it becomes much more difficult when a question-and-answer
36、period is required. Question-and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points. 2 . 3 .When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.Buy timeWhen facing a hard question, most peopl
37、e cant give an answer immediately. Buy time by repeating the question in your own words. 4 . These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.Suggest a private meetingA one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaki
38、ng in front of your peers. 5 .A. Show your true interest.B. Restate the question with respect.C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.D. There were many difficult questions.E. It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.F. You may also ask for clarification on the question.G. Here are some ideas t
39、hat can help you prepare for your next meeting.三、完型填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。In 1957, Jane Goodall first met the famous anthropologist (人类学者) Dr Louis Leakey, who later played an important role in her life. With the 1 of gaining insight into humans evolutionary (进化的) past, Dr Leakey
40、2 a pioneering long-term field study on 3 chimps. Even though Jane had no formal 4 , her patience and determination to understand animals 5 him to choose her for the study. 6 it was unusual for a woman to work in the forest of Africa, going there 7 the fulfillment (实现) of her childhood dream. In the
41、 summer of 1960 she 8 in Tanzania (坦桑尼亚) on Lake Tanganyikas eastern shore. This marked the 9 of the longest continuous field study of animals in their 10 habitat (栖息地). Five years 11 , she earned a doctors degree at Cambridge University and then 12 to Tanzania to found the Gombe Stream Research Cen
42、ter. And in 1977, to provide on- -going 13 for chimp research, Dr Goodall 14 The Jane Goodall Institute. Today, she 15 most of her time traveling around the world, giving lectures on her 16 at Gombe and speaking to school groups about Roots & Shoots, her environmental education and humanitarian prog
43、ram for the 17 . “Chimps have given me so 18 . The long hours spent with them in the 19 have enriched my life beyond measure. What I have learned from them has shaped my 20 of human behavior, of our place in nature.”1. A. way B. ideaC. knowledgeD. method 2. A. suggested B. achievedC. arguedD. change
44、d 3. A. modest B. special C. rude D. wild 4. A. exercise B. trainingC. living D. practice 5. A. devoted B. let C. made D. led 6. A. If B. BecauseC. Although D. Once7. A. meant B. stopped C. intended D. inspired8. A. arrived B. left C. reached D. went 9. A. end B. beginningC. happeningD. achievement
45、10. A. new B. old C. man-madeD. natural 11. A. later B. before C. ago D. behind 12. A. connected B. referredC. returned D. turned 13. A. environmentB. evidence C. timeD. support 14. A. created B. built C. founded D. set15. A. costs B. spends C. pays D. devotes 16. A. bravery B. presenceC. experience
46、sD. appearance 17. A. animals B. youth C. human D. adults 18. A. little B. many C. much D. few 19. A. field B. universityC. institute D. forest20. A. imagination B. desireC. understanding D. protection四、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。One day Mary was busy working in her office in London 1 she
47、 received an E-mail from her friend Joan .In Joans e-mail, she persuaded Mary 2 ( look) for a flat in London for her. As she had 3 (little) money at her command than before, the flat had to be cheap, but it had to be modern, with elevators, gas lines. It had to be in the 4 (east) part of London, wit
48、h petrol and subway stations nearby. Though Mary found 5 difficult to find such a flat, she still went from one block to another, looking for a flat 6 would meet Joans requirements. Having tried too many times, Mary met her boss and politely asked him 7 advice. It was the first time that she 8 (talk
49、) with his boss about her personal problems. It happened that the boss just had such a flat for rent, so they quickly reached 9 agreement. But to her surprise, when she e-mailed Joan, telling her the good news, Joan said that she had changed 10 mind - she was not returning to London. 五、短文改错假定英语课上老师要
50、求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Mrs Brown was walking near a playground. She was a hurry to visit her four grandchildren. She missed him very much,
51、 because she had seen them for quite a long time. She was walking while suddenly she saw a ball coming in her direction. She was already in her seventy. Should she kick the hall to send it back and should she just go past leaving the ball where it was? Finally with greatly care she gave it a kick. T
52、he hall went straight out the goal. How wonderful it was! And she happened to have helped won the match. And all her four grandchildren were on team of the winners.六、书面表达北京师范大学著名教授于丹将受邀来你校讲学。请根据以下信息给你校英语报写一篇关于她的介绍，以便让同学们更多地了解她。1. 于丹在中央电视台的电视讲座让人们了解了博大精深的中国古代文化；2. 她的语言风趣、幽默，深受很多人的喜欢；3. 受父亲的影响，她从小就很喜欢
53、中国文学；4. 她不仅讲课生动、有趣，而且还是一名出版了许多书的作家。 注意：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。2. 词数：100左右。_答案与解析一、阅读理解1. A。2. B。3. C。4. A。【解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，英语新闻报道的主题一般都在第一段，因此选A项最佳。5. D。【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段It covers nearly 4 000 students in senior high schools and vocational high schools.可知D项表述有误。6. A。【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段，中学生最头疼的问题中排在首位的是overs
54、cheduling(时间安排太紧)，由此判断A项正确。7. B。【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段，调查指出Balancing their studies and allround development is a very important task，因此B项正确。8. B。【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章上下文，判断出mechanic意为“有技术的人”。9. A。【解析】细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句“The world we live in gets more mechanized every year”可知，我们居住的世界已经更加机械化了，所以对于传统农场的概念已经过时了。10. A。【解
55、析】推理判断题。作者认为随着农业的发展，需要农民成为有技能的、能够操作农业机械的人。11. C。【解析】推理判断题。从文章第二段“The more workers a farmer employs，the more must know about the problems of wages and taxes”可以判断出，农场主还需要了解更多的关于工资和税务的问题。12. A。【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段判断答案为A。13. C。【解析】主旨大意题。第二段的主题句为communication is very important。14. B。【解析】推理判断题。从第五段的叙述，特别是tel
56、l them that youll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you可以看出，作者认为与父母亲的交流重要的是平等。15. D。【解析】推理判断题。文章首先论述了交流的重要性以及交流是消除误解、解决问题的方法，接着举例证明自己的观点。二、阅读七选五1-5 DGAFE三、完型填空1-5 BADBD 6-10 CAABD 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 CBCDC四、语法填空1. when 2. to look 3. less 4. eastern 5. it6. which/that
57、7. for 8. had talked 9.an 10. her五、短文改错1. 在第二个was后加in。in a hurry匆忙地。2. him改为them。3. 在had后加not。根据上文She missed them .。4. while改为when。when就在那时。5. seventy改为seventies。in ones seventies在某人七十几岁时。6. and改为or。7. greatly改为great。with great care小心地。8. out改为into。表“球进了”。9. won改为win。help后接不定式。help (to) do。10. 在team
58、前加the。六、书面表达One possible version:Yu Dan, a famous professor in Beijing Normal University, has already given millions of Chinese lots of wonderful lectures on CCTV. In this special way she introduces traditional Chinese literature to make it more popular. She is so humorous that many people admire he
59、r and become her fans. Influenced by her father, she began to enjoy Chinese literature when she was a child. Now as a teacher, not only does she have rich teaching experience to instruct all her students, but also she has published many books. She is considered to be an excellent teacher, a great lecturer and a successful writer.
