1、2019届上海市黄浦区高三三模英语. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word t
2、hat best fits each blank.May Day in India Each May 1, workers in India join others around the world to mark May Day, depending on local customs. Its quite appropriate that India celebrates with an official holiday in some of its 29 states and seven union territories. After all, the country has an (2
3、1) _ (estimate) 522 million workers, more than the entire population of the United States. Heres a Q&A on May Day in general:Isnt May Day about dancing around a pole? You are correct - dancing is involved. Thats because “May Day” actually does double duty, celebrating two different things. May Day o
4、riginally started out as a celebration with roots in roman traditions. By the Middle Ages, May Day also (22) _ (involve) the maypole, which is made of wood and covered with decorations. Those are held by dancers (23) _ circle around the pole. That (24) _ be the May Day you remember from your childho
5、od, and thats one of the two ways May Day is celebrated.What does that have to do with workers? This is where May Days double duty comes in. In May 1886, US activists organized a national strike (25) _ (seek) an eight-hour workday. In Chicagos Haymarket Square, the protest turned violent with around
6、 11 to 15 deaths (26) _ police and participants. (27) _ (honor) the workers in the Haymarket disturbance, the International Socialist Conference declared May 1 would be a day labeled for labor, to be called International Workers Day. The holiday (28) _ (establish) at a meeting in 1889 and eventually
7、 spread to many parts of the world. And thats (29) _ maypoles, labor parades and protests are all part of May 1.So where does India fit in with all of this? Indias first Labor Day was celebrated in 1923 in Madras, now called Chennai. Over time, the holiday spread to other parts of the country. Accor
8、ding to H, organizations and trade unions arrange parades and “children enter contests (30) _ _ they can understand the importance of fairness for workers.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word mor
9、e than you need.A. advanced B. concerns C. consequential D. data E. determined F. feed G. identify H. precautions I. scratched J. technological K. transformThe Rise of the Smart City The information revolution is changing the way cities are run - and the lives of its residents. Cities have a way to
10、go before they can be considered geniuses. But theyre getting smart pretty fast. In just the past few years, mayors and other officials in cities across the country have begun to draw on _31_ - about income, traffic, fires, illnesses, parking tickets and more - to handle many of the problems of urba
11、n life. Whether its making it easier for residents to find parking places, or giving smoke alarms to the households that are most likely to suffer fatal fires, big - data technologies are beginning to _32_ the way cities work. Cities have just _33_ the surface in using data to improve operations, bu
12、t big changes are already under way in leading smart cities, says Stephen Goldsmith, a professor of government and director of the Innovations in Government Program at the Harvard Kennedy School. “In terms of city governance, we are at one of the most _34_ periods in the last century,” he says. Alth
13、ough cities have been using data in various forms for decades, the modern practice of civic analytics（民情分析）has only begun to take off in the past few years, thanks to a host of _35_ changes. Among them: the growth of cloud computing, which dramatically lowers the costs of storing information; new de
14、velopments in machine learning, which put _36_ analytical tools in the hand of city officials; the Internet and the rise of inexpensive sensors that can track vast amount of information such as traffic or air pollution; and the widespread use of smart phone apps and mobile devices that enable citize
15、ns and city workers alike to monitor problems and _37_ information about them back to city hall. All this data collection raises understandable privacy _38_. Most cities have policies designed to safeguard citizen privacy and prevent the release of information that might _39_ any one individual. In
16、theory, anyway. Widespread use of sensors and video can also present privacy risks unless _40_ are taken. The technology “is forcing cities to face questions of privacy that they havent had to face before,” says Ben Green, a fellow at Harvards Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society and lead a
17、uthor of a recent report on open-data privacy. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In the food industry, it seems, the robot revo
18、lution is well underway, with machines mastering skilled tasks that have always been performed by people. In Boston, robots have displaced _41_ and are creating complex bowls of food for customers. In Prague, machines are _42_ waiters and servers using an app. In Denver, theyre taking orders. Robots
19、 are even making the perfect loaf of bread these days, taking charge of a(n) _43_that has remained in human hands for thousands of years. Now comes Briggo, a company that has created a fully _44_, robotic coffee machine that can push out 100 cups of coffee in a single hour - equaling the _45_ of thr
20、ee to four baristas（咖啡师）, according to the company. Using a mix of Latin American beans, the machine creates _46_ cups of coffee that can be ordered via an app, giving customers control over ingredients, flavorings and temperature without any human interaction. The company says no other business in
21、the world has applied as much _47_ to “specialty coffee.” Removing the _48_ element from ordering a cup of coffee is one of the companys primary selling points. “No more lines, no more counter confusion, no more misspelled names,” Briggos website says. Kevin Nater, Briggos president and chief execut
22、ive, said the machine would best fit locations in which _49_ is highly valued, like airports and office buildings, where several of the machines currently operate. “Imagine youre coming into the security line at the airport, your flight is coming up, and you know that if you want a coffee youre goin
23、g to stand in a long line,” said Nater. “From the security line, you can simply order your cup of coffee and pick it up at the coffee haus and make it to your flight _50_.” “Ive never found anyone who wants to stand in line a long time,” he added. “Weve just changed the _51_.” But Olive Geib, a 24-y
24、ear-old barista in Annapolis, Md., remained _52_. As coffee is being made by a barista, he said, subtly（细微地）adjusting the ratio of water to coffee bean as flavor develops through refined taste tests, is a crucial part of the process. “All the numbers and data in the world cant actually tell you how
25、the coffee _53_,” Geib said. Asked whether he was worried about losing his job to a robot, Gerb said, “absolutely not.” He said theres a _54_ group of people who will always seek out the slower, interactive experiences at coffee shops. “A lot of customers really appreciate watching a barista careful
26、ly pouring water or steaming the milk,” he added. “This _55_ aspect, the atmosphere and the interaction with the barista, is a big part of the experience of drinking coffee.”41. A. waitresses B. baristas C. cooks D. machines 42. A. replacing B. recruiting C. restoring D. resisting 43. A. room B. art
27、 C. school D. oven 44. A. typical B. inaccessible C. challenging D. automatic45. A. quality B. output C. time D. cost 46. A. sugar-free B. fruit-flavored C. customized D. professional 47. A. inspiration B. technology C. correction D. strictness 48. A. safety B. stress C. human D. design 49. A. servi
28、ce B. preparation C. reliability D. convenience 50. A. on time B. for real C. in advance D. without notice51. A. game B. price C. fact D. myth 52. A. nervous B. sad C. annoyed D. doubtful53. A. looks B. changes C. sells D. tastes 54. A. distinguished B. difficult C. loyal D. laze 55. A. cultural B.
29、social C. skillful D. mindful Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage
30、you have just read.A When we say that residents in the Chicago suburb of North Riverside, Illinois, “wrote the book” on how to be good neighbors, we are not exaggerating. The residents of North Riverside really did write a book on neighborliness that has helped make their town a remarkable place. Ne
31、ighbors All: Creating Community One Block at a Time is a 65 - page manual filled with friendly suggestions and inspiring stories, all designed to build “family bonds” among neighbors. Every household gets a copy, delivered by a volunteer “block captain” tasked with welcoming new arrivals, helping se
32、nors, making sure kids play nice, and more. Its a big job, but the 90 captains across the town of 6,700 dont do it alone. They are organized by their own captain, Caro Saple, and the neighborhood Services Committee, which appoints leaders of all ages, including a team of school - age “angels”. If al
33、l this seems somewhat bureaucratic（宫僚制度的）, in practice Neighbors All has very much lived up to its title. One captain got to chatting with an elder couple who revealed that they couldnt afford to replace their broken stove. Before long, the Neighborhood Services Committee had collected enough money
34、to buy them a new one. Another resident, a woman from Poland, told her captain that she was having trouble sorting out the paperwork to get her citizenship. The captain told the committee, which told the mayor, who got the help of their local congressperson, and soon the womans paperwork was all in
35、order. “ I have been in North Riverside over 34 years and am very proud ou the small-town caring the community demonstrates every day,” said Vera Jandacek Wilt. “Waters rising in the river, ready to flood nearby homes? Residents and officials are filling sandbags to hold back the floods. Lonely seni
36、ors have not stepped out of the house? A block captain shows up to invite them to a block party. This community truly looks out for one another.” Does all this mean that North Riverside is perfect? No - neighbors still quarrel. Kids still fight. But the community spirit that is part of North Riversi
37、des DNA appears all over town.56. In paragraph 1, the phrase “wrote the book” is closest in meaning to _.A. showed expertise B. learned a lesson C. put down in writing D. revealed secrets 57. Which of the following is true of the book Neighbors All?A. It includes inspiring stories written by Caro Sa
38、ple. B. It gives advice and instructions on how to be nice.C. It is a historical record of the North Riverside. D. It is for the Neighborhood Services Committee.58. What among the following are the responsibilities of a block captain? (1) Spreading copies of the book Neighbors All; (2) Appointing sc
39、hool - age kids as volunteer “angels”; (3) visiting and accompanying lonely seniors.A. (1) and (3) B. (2) and (3) C. (1) and (3) D. All of above 59. According to the passage, Vera Jandacek Wilt felt really proud of _.A. the neighborliness in North Riverside B. the block parties for senior residents
40、C. living in a perfectly safe community D. becoming a captain for those in needB Just when you thought you figured out Millennials (those who reached young adulthood around the year 2000), Generation Z is now entering the workforce. A massive 72.8 million individuals are included in this group born
41、between the mid - 1990s and the early 2000s. Are you ready? While we have learned how to create a culture where Millennials can do well, what Generation Z needs can be quite different: MillennialsGeneration ZDont just work for a paycheck, they want a purpose.Money and job security are their top moti
42、vators. They want to make a difference but surviving an developing are more important.They arent pursuing job satisfaction, they are pursuing their own development.They want to gather rewarding experiences. Gen Z tend towards being impatient and often experience FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out), so instan
43、t feedback and satisfaction are key.They dont want bosses, they want coaches.They want to be guided in an environment where they can advance quickly. They want to look their leaders in the eye and experience honesty and transparency.They dont want annual reviews, they want ongoing conversations.They
44、 dont want an annual work assessment, they want to be advised and given feedback on an ongoing frequent (daily) basis. They dont want to fix their weaknesses, they want to develop their strengths.They believe that there are winners and losers - and more people fall into the losing category. They wan
45、t to have the tools to win, either through developing weaknesses or strengths.They have a cooperative way of thinking where everyone joins in and works together.72% of Gen Z said they are competitive with doing the same job. They are independent and want to be judged on their own value and showcase
46、their individual talents.Its not just their job, its their life.Salary and benefits and how they can advance are central. They are a DIY generation and they feel that other generations have over complicated the workplace.60. According to the passage, Millennials and Gen Z share the same point of vie
47、w on _.A. job satisfaction B. work assessmentC. weaknesses and strengths D. salary and benefits 61. Which of the following is true of Gen Zs way of thinking?A. They prefer to be team leaders, not members.B. They enjoy working together with others.C. They dont want to cooperate, they compete.D. They
48、have talents and dont want to be judged.62. Who among the following are most probably the target readers of this passage?A. Millennials. B. Generation Z. C. Recruiters. D. FOMO patients.C We all have a tendency to fake laugh, particularly when authority figures in our lives try to make a joke that j
49、ust doesnt land. Though it might feel rude not to laugh when your in-laws or boss try to say something funny, pretending to do so might not be much better. It turns out, even if you think that your forced laughing sounds genuine, people are usually pretty good at separating truly spirited belly laug
50、hs from fake ones. But how can they possible know the difference? Well, when researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles studied the acoustic（听觉的）and perceptual（知觉的）differences between real and fake laughter, they found that some of the sounds associated with genuine laughter is “really
51、 hard to fake.” In their study, the researchers determined that subjects were only fooled by 37 percent of fake laughter. The most prominent factor distinguishing real laughter from fake laughter is duration - or, more specifically, the number of breaths taken in in between sounds. Seeing as it take
52、s more effort and concentration to fake a laugh as opposed to do it genuinely, people tend to pause more in between their “ha-has” when theyre faking it. Evidently, that pausing is pretty noticeable. “A fake laugh is basically an imitation of a real laugh, but produced with a slightly different set
53、of vocal muscles controlled by a different part of our brain,” Greg Bryant, the lead UCLA researcher on the study, explained. “The result is that there are subtle（微妙的）features of the laugh that sound like speech,and . people are unconsciously quite sensitive to them.” People have also proven to be e
54、motionally sensitive to laughter as well. “Our rains are very sensitive to the social and emotional significance of laughter,” said Carolyn McGettigan, a scientist at Royal Holloway, University of London. McGettigan conducted a 2014 study that recorded participants brain responses as they listened t
55、o the same people produce genuine laughter by watching funny videos, as opposed to fake laughter. “During our study, when participants heard a laugh that was posed, they activated regions of the brain associated with mentalizing in an attempt to understand the other persons emotional and mental stat
56、e,” she said. So, while we may understand that certain social situations sometimes require fake laughter, most of the time, our instincts and emotional intelligence are just too smart to buy into them. According to McGettigan, thats a good thing. “Evolutionarily speaking, its good to be able to dete
57、ct if someone is authentically experiencing an emotion or if theyre not,” she said. “Because you dont want to be fooled.”63. What do researchers at the University of California want to find out in this study?A. What is the difference between a fake laugh and a real one.B. Which part of the brain con
58、trols the sound of our laughter.C. Why do people need to fake laugh when they dont want to.D. How to laugh as genuinely as possible when you are faking it.64. Your forced laughing is more noticeable than you think, mainly because_.A. you seem more concentrated when you laugh for realB. you take more
59、 breaths when you try to fake a laugh C. a fake laugh often happens after a sudden pauseD. a real laugh usually lasts longer than a fake one65. Which of the following is true according to Greg Bryant?A. Real laughter is not at all controllable by our brain.B. People may notice fake laughter without
60、knowing why.C. People use the same set of muscles to laugh and to speak.D. Faking laugh shares the same techniques as making speech.66. What has Carolyn McGettigans 2014 study proven?A. Certain social situations may require us to fake a laugh.B. Evolution has enabled us to recognize others emotions.
61、C. By instincts, we are able to tell a persons mental state. D. We can sense others emotional state when they laugh.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences
62、 than you need.A. In fact, coffee beans in each region have different taste character. B. Luwak has the habit and ability to choose the best quality coffee fruit, so this animal will eat fruit with good seeds.C. Not everyone can appreciate this drink.D. Some breeding areas even open a civet coffee c
63、afe so that visitors can enjoy the most expensive coffee immediately after baking.E. There are three main factors that make Indonesian Luwak coffee more expensive than coffee in general.F. What is the actual production process of civet coffee?Luwak Coffee Indonesia Luwak coffee is one of the most ex
64、pensive coffees in the world, because it has extraordinary value and its availability is very rare. Indonesian Luwak coffee, or civet（麝香猫）coffee, sells well and is very popular with coffee lovers because it is considered to have a smooth and friendly taste in the stomach. _67_ Many are disgusted wit
65、h the basic ingredients that come from animal feces（粪便）. Because of this, these drinks also get bad nicknames in various countries. Even so, the Indonesian Luwak coffee industry seems uninterrupted and still sells well at high prices. _68_ These three factors are a long production process, the amoun
66、t of harvest that is not as large as ordinary coffee beans, and the taste of coffee that is not thick. Initially, this drink was discovered by local people who are curious about the taste of coffee. They find seeds that are still complete in the feces of a cat - like animal, so they process seeds fr
67、om the dirt, bake, then make a drink. The enjoyment of this drink is heard by the Dutch government. They then collect and sell Indonesian civet coffee at very high prices. The process begins when coffee plants enter the harvest period. Fruit that is ready fro harvest will begin to turn reddish. _69_
68、 The fruit eaten will be digested by this animal, strangely the digestion of this animal cannot destroy the layer of coffee. The dirt or feces from the civets will later be collected to be cleaned. After cleaning, the next process is roasting. The roasting process is only up to the medium roast leve
69、l. The reason is to maintain a unique sense of character. The roasted seeds are then packaged in whole beans or powder for sale. _70_第卷. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words a
70、s far as possible.Right Colors for Restaurant Walls? Have you ever noticed that many restaurants have red or orange walls? This fashion comes from the widely held belief that these two colors stimulate the appetite. Restauranteurs hope that by stimulating the appetites of their customers in this way
71、, they can encourage them to order more food. A large fast - food chain recently decided to test the belief that the color of the decoration affects how much food their customers order. This company has restaurants in major cities across the US and serves customers of all ages, including small child
72、ren. The traditional decoration of this restaurant chain includes beige（米色的）paint on the walls. For this test, the company painted the walls in half of its restaurants orange, leaving the other half of its restaurants with their original beige walls. In order to make up for the possible influence of
73、 cultural differences between cities, the company made sure that in every city where its restaurants are located, there were both restaurants with orange walls and restaurants with beige walls. The restaurant chain kept track of exactly what foods were ordered in each restaurant for one year before
74、the walls were painted, and then again for one year after the walls had been painted. They found no difference. On average, customers in each restaurant, whether is had beige or of the company said. “We have proven it.” The wall s of all the restaurants in the chain have been restored to their origi
75、nal beige color. The company president explained that this color is part of the companys image. Now that the study is over, people might be confused if they walked into a restaurant expecting beige walls and got orange instead, so the company president explained. . Translation Directions: Translate
76、the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 轻松的背景音乐会对工作效率产生积极的影响吗？(effect)73. 考虑到当日达递送服务的收费要高不少，我们不一定非得使用它。(necessarily)74. 这条新建的地铁延长线会使附近街区的人们获得很大的益处。(benefit v.)75. 我认为你在上司面前卖弄知识并不明智，因为你可能会冒犯到她。(offend). Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition i
77、n 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你居住的社区准备改建一块空地，现就两个改建方案征求居民意见。方案一：建一个可以停放30辆车的停车场；方案二：建一个篮球场和一个网球场。假设你是方方，给居委会(Residential Committee)写一封信表达你的想法。你的信必须满足以下要求：1. 简述你写信的目的及你支持的改建方案：2. 说明你的理由。. Grammar and vocabulary 21. estimated 22. involved 23. who 24. may/might/c
78、an/could25. seeking 26. among 27. To honor 28. was established 29. why 30. so that 31-40: DKICJ AFBGH. Reading Comprehension 41-55: CABDB CBCDA ADDCB56-59: ABCA60-62: BCC63-66: ABBD67-70: CEBD. Summary Writing 71. It is widely believed that red and orange are two colors that encourage people to eat
79、more. Therefore, many restaurants paint their walls red or orange. But a restaurant chain in the US held out a two - year study to test this belief, and found out that these colors dont have any effect on working up peoples appetite. Translation 72. Will relaxing background music have a positive eff
80、ect on work efficiency?73. As the charge of same - day delivery is much higher, we dont necessarily have to use it.74. This newly built extension of metro line will benefit people of nearby communities greatly. / People of nearby communities will benefit from this newly built extension of metro line greatly. 75. I dont think it is wise of you to show off your knowledge in front of your boss, because you may offend her.