1、专题能力提升练 六推理判断题限时25分钟1“An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is a popular saying in the United States. It may be a common saying, but it is not scientifically confirmed. However, a new study adds to evidence that suggests taking a small amount of aspirin can help keep the doctor away. Peter Elwood is
2、 with Cardiff Universitys School of Medicine in Britain. Forty years ago, he was involved in the first study to explore the effects of aspirin on the prevention of heart disease. Elwoods team examined 47 studies for evidence that aspirin helped cancer patients. They found theres fairly consistent ev
3、idence of a 15 to 20 percent reduction in death and a reduction in cancers spread, by low dose (剂量) aspirin. By low dose, he means 81 milligrams. The study followed cancer patients for five years. Elwood says the evidence is strong that aspirin delays death among cancer patients. Elwoods team are ex
4、cited to have this evidence from the study. Elwood adds that it is not a cure but a small sign of better things to come, what he calls a little hope and encouragement. “If you asked me personally what I would do if doctors told me I had cancer, I would say I would have no hesitation in taking it. Bu
5、t I do not recommend it to people. I want them to have the evidence and make their own decisions. ”The only major risk is that aspirin can cause stomach bleeding. But Elwood says it usually does not cause death. He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin. So, f
6、or some people, the pros might overweigh the cons. 【文章大意】文章介绍每天服用少量的阿司匹林对健康有好处, 可以延缓癌症病人的死亡。1. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1? A. Patients should eat apples. B. Apples are popular with Americans. C. Aspirin can be good for health. D. Doctors should use aspirin instead of apples.
7、 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“However, a new study adds to evidence that suggests taking a small amount of aspirin can help keep the doctor away. ”可知, 作者想告诉我们阿司匹林对健康有好处。故选C。2. What does Elwood suggest people do? A. The less aspirin, the better. B. Dont delay in taking aspirin. C. Taking aspirin is a better
8、 way to cure cancer. D. Make decisions in the best interest of their own. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Elwood”可知, Elwood建议人们按照对自己有最大益处的方式做决定。故选D。3. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A. Aspirin is the best cure for cancer. B. Taking aspirin wont kill in the long run. C. Taking as
9、pirin does more good than harm. D. The side effect of taking aspirin is strong. 【解析】选C。句意猜测题。文章最后一段介绍服用阿司匹林会导致胃部出血, 但是结合句子“He adds that the evidence points to big health benefits of taking a daily aspirin. ”每天服用一点阿司匹林对健康有很大好处, 可知, 下文的the pros might overweigh the cons意为: 服用阿司匹林的好处大于坏处, 故选C。2Our plane
10、t is home to about seven billion people. Since the 1990s, population experts have predicted the number would grow to nine billion before it begins to slow down and possibly decrease. But a new report predicts the worlds population is likely to increase to almost 11 billion by 2100. Based on the most
11、 modern statistical tools, the new report makes use of government records and considers expert predictions, including death rates, birth rates and international migration, or people moving across borders. The report says during the rest of this century, Africas population will grow from about 3. 5 b
12、illion to 5. 1 billion over the next 85 years. John is director of the United Nations Population Division. He says that in the past, researchers thought population growth in Africa would be similar to that of other areas. They expected slower growth rates as birth control use became more widespread.
13、 But he says those ideas were wrong. “The level of contraception use has continued to increase but slowly more slowly than expected, and birth rate therefore has been falling less rapidly than expected, and the population therefore continues to grow somewhat more rapidly than we expected. The new fi
14、ndings are based on a joint research project of the United Nations and the University of Washington. The researchers believe the population of Asia will reach five billion by 2050. That is up from the current 4. 4 billion. And then begin decline. The researchers also believe that North America, Euro
15、pe, Latin America and the Caribbean area will have a total population of below one billion. John says the pressure of feeding the rising population is likely to be less than that might be expected. “The relatively good news is that the world has been winning the race between population growth and fo
16、od production. If you look back historically over the last 50 years, certainly for the world as a whole and for many, most individual countries and regions, the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population. ”【文章大意】我们的星球大约有七十亿人。但是一份新的报告预测世界人口可能会在2100年上升到近110亿。对许多国家和大多数地区来说, 粮食生
17、产的增长已经超过了人口的增长。4. Which area will experience the largest increase in population at the end of the century? A. Asia. B. Africa. C. Europe. D. North America. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中第二段The report says during the rest of this century, Africas population will grow from about 3. 5 billion to 5. 1 billion over t
18、he next 85 years, 可知选项B正确。5. “Contraception use” in the fourth paragraph refers to _. A. a method of expert predictionsB. a way of avoiding growth in populationC. a joint research into the rising populationD. a potential technology for food production【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中The level of contraception use h
19、as continued to increase but slowly, 可知这是关于减少人口增加的方法, 故选B。6. Why is the pressure of feeding the rising population less than expected according to John? A. Expert predictions are not exactly like what the facts happen. B. Birth rates have always been falling less rapidly than we expected. C. The popu
20、lation grows less rapidly than population experts expected. D. The increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中第八段most individual countries and regions, the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population, 可知选项D正确, 粮食生产增长的速度已经超过了人口增长, 故选D
21、。7. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The worlds population will increase constantly. B. The population of Asia will rise by 5 billion by 2050. C. John is optimistic about feeding the rising population. D. Population growth in Africa was much slower than expected. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段分析可知, 约翰
22、对于人口增长这个问题是保持比较积极乐观的态度的, 故选C。3世纪金榜导学号 It was at her companys annual picnic that my mother met my father, and he walked her home. The next week, from his home in Chicago, he sent her a post card: Remember me please. Do be calling you one of these days. David. She still has that post card. I am not su
23、re what made her save. Though he already had his heart set on her, she hadnt chosen him yet, at least not consciously. My father, a salesman for a big electronics company, often told us while we were growing up, it was blind luck that he was at the picnic that day. He was in town to meet with client
24、s and happened to stop by the branch office that Saturday morning to make a call. It was the manager of a local radio station where my mother worked as a writer. “Dave! Glad youre in town! ” he said, and invited him to come right over to their annual picnic. Later my mother dated him when he was in
25、town. Eventually, one night a few months later, she woke her mother and told her she was going to marry Dave. A few months after the wedding, my father was transferred east. They settled in New York, in the house where I grew up. Sometimes I think how time gets us together and puts us in a certain p
26、lace where were faced with one option or another. We leave behind while others live by the choice we made. We could have lived full of different passions and joys, different problems and disappointments. Sometimes, particularly when I came home late to a sleeping house, my husband and daughter curle
27、d around each other. I think about the lives we would not have had if choices had brought us to a different place. And I tremble at the thought that I might have missed this life, this man, this child, this love. 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文, 作者通过回忆爸爸妈妈的相识过程, 又结合自己现在的生活, 不由心生感慨, 感恩命运把她与这些亲人安排在一起, 她非常珍惜自己现在的生活。8
28、. According to the text, where did the authors parents come across? A. At the authors home. B. At a local radio station. C. At her fathers companys picnic. D. At her mothers companys picnic. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was at her companys annual picnic that my mother met my father”可知, 作者的爸爸妈妈在妈妈公司一年一度的野
29、餐聚会上相识, 故D项正确。9. It can be inferred from the text that _. A. the authors father didnt like her motherB. the authors mother always made right decisionsC. the author didnt believe her motherD. the authors mother hadnt decided to marry her father at first【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Though he already had his h
30、eart set on her, she hadnt chosen him yet, at least not consciously. ”可知, 尽管作者的爸爸对妈妈很倾心, 但妈妈最初并没有想要选择他, 故D项正确。10. Before meeting the authors father, her mother was _. A. a writerB. a managerC. a teacherD. a saleswoman【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was the manager of a local radio station where my mother wo
31、rked as a writer. ”可知, 妈妈曾是一家当地广播站的作者, 故A项正确。11. What do we know about the author? A. She values her life now. B. Time makes her life now perfect. C. She is tired of her life now. D. Her life now faces problems and disappointments. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段内容, 特别是“Sometimes, particularly when I came home late to a sleeping house, my husband and daughter curled around each other. . . ”可知, 作者非常爱自己的丈夫和女儿, 感恩和他们在一起, 由此可见她非常珍惜现在的生活, 故A项正确。关闭Word文档返回原板块