1、Period 5Reading and Writing教学内容分析The teaching materials of this period contain three parts.The first part is the reading passage on Page 30 with the title of “What Can We Do About Global Warming？”It consists of two letters：a request from a student for help on a school project and the reply.The lette
2、rs bring students attention to a commonly held belief that individuals are powerless to do anything about environmental problems and that it is governments that are in a position to act and have the responsibility to act.Earth Cares letter suggests ways to save energy and therefore decrease the amou
3、nt of carbon dioxide that is poured into the atmosphere.The second part is Exercise 2 on Page 31，which asks the students to make a poster for their school that tells students various ways they can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.The third part is a writing task designed by the teacher
4、，which asks students to write a short passage about global warming.By practicing writing the passage，students can strengthen their knowledge about global warming and develop their sense of environmental protection.三维目标设计Knowledge and skills1To enable the students to know how to prevent global warmin
5、g.2To get the students to learn the following useful new words and expressions：on behalf of，advocate，commitment，put up with，pollution，electrical，so long as，casual，and so on，motor，cans，circumstances，microwave，refresh，educator，contribution.3To help the students learn how to write a poster.4To foster t
6、he students ability in skimming and looking up information in reference books and improve the students reading ability.Process and methodsReading for specific information，summarizing，discussing and practicing.Emotion，attitude and value1To develop students sense of environmental protection.2To develo
7、p the students sense of cooperation with others to solve problems.教学重、难点1The understanding of the reading passage.2The following key phrases：make a difference，put up with，so long as 3The following key sentences：(1)Together，individuals can make a difference.(2)It is OK to leave an electrical applianc
8、e on so long as you are using it.(3)Get your parents to buy things that are economical with energy.(4)Rememberyour contribution counts!4Teaching the students how to write a poster.Step 1RevisionCheck the homework of the last period.Step 2LeadinShow the students the following pictures on the slide an
9、d ask students the following questions：1Have you ever seen the film 2012?2What kind of disasters have you seen in the film?3What have you learnt from the film?And then ask them：What causes the global warming？Lead them to tell the cause：gas emission.At the same time show the following pictures：After
10、talking about the causes of gas emission，ask students the question “What is the effect of global warming？”Help them answer：natural disasters(flood，drought，hurricane，tsunami and tornado)，spread of diseases，sea level rising，decrease of species and so on.At last，ask the question：“What can we do about g
11、lobal warming？” And then lead in the reading text.Step 3Skimming1Skim the first letter，and answer the questions below：(1)Who is the writer?(2)What are the two concerns of the letter?Suggested answers：(1)A student named Ouyang Guang.(2)His opinion that，as an individual，he can have no effect on enviro
12、nmental problems.Getting some suggestions for what he can do about global warming.2Read the second email，and answer the following question：Does Earth Care agree with Ouyang Guangs opinion that individuals can have no effect?Suggested answer：No，Earth Care does not agree.Step 4Scanning and discussion
13、Ask students to scan the letters and list Earth Cares suggestions in the chart on P30，and discuss whether they can carry out each suggestion.Give reasons for their answers.And then ask one or two groups to make an oral report.Earth Cares suggestionCan you carry it out？ReasonsIf you are not using ele
14、ctrical appliances，turn them off.Yes.Save energy.If youre cold，put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.Yes.Save energy.Motor vehicles use a lot of energy，so walk or ride a bike if you can.Yes.Save energy.Recycle cans，bottles，plastics and newspapers and buy things made from recycled materi
15、als.Yes.Save energy.Get your parents or friends to buy products that are made to save energy.Yes.Save energy.Plant more trees.Yes.Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.Talk with your family and friends about global warming and tell them what youve learned.Yes.Together，individuals can make a diff
16、erence.Step 5Language studyShow the students the following language points in the passage in a slide show.1make a difference(P30)【原句再现】Together，individuals can make a difference.众人拾柴火焰高。【观察探究】(1)The fact that I can now organize my own time makes a big difference.现在我能自己安排时间了，这对我有很大的作用。(2)It makes no
17、difference to me what you say.Im not going.无论你怎么说对我都没有影响，反正我不去。(3)It wont make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.你今天去也好，明天去也好，关系不大。(4)She makes no difference between her two sons.她对两个儿子一视同仁。 【归纳总结】make a difference(to sb./sth.)意为“对某人/某物起作用、有影响”，difference前面可以加不同的修饰词，如no/some/little/mu
18、ch等。make a difference between.表示“区别对待”。【即景活用】When shall I go there?It _ whether you go today or tomorrow.Amade no differenceBmade no senseCmakes no difference Dmakes no sense Suggested answers：C2put up with(P30)【原句再现】We do not have to put up with pollution.我们不必忍受污染。【观察探究】(1)I put up with her so long
19、 as I could.我尽可能地容忍她。(2)That lady，as a housewife，has a lot to put up with.作为一名家庭主妇，那位妇女必须要忍受许多事情。【归纳总结】put up with.“容忍，忍受”， 宾语可以是人或者事物。【知识拓展】(1)bear 和stand在疑问句和否定句中和can，be able to连用，也表示“忍受”，其宾语多为事物。(2)live with sth.忍受某事；live with sb.和某人一起生活。【即景活用】He behaved badly towards his wife.As a result she cou
20、ldnt _ him and left him.Acome up with Bcatch up with Cput up with Dlive up Suggested answer：C 3.so long as(P30)【原句再现】It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off!只要你在使用，让家用电器开着无所谓如果不用，就请关闭！【观察探究】(1)You can borrow my bike so long as you remember to return
21、 it as soon as possible.只要你记着尽早归还就可以借用我的自行车。(2)We can surely overcome the difficulties so long as we are closely united.只要我们紧密地团结在一起，我们就一定能够克服这些困难。【归纳总结】so long as 起连词作用，引导条件状语从句，可以与as long as 互换，意思是“只要”，前者语气较强，后者主要用于口语中。【知识拓展】条件状语从句的引导词还可以是if，unless，on condition that，suppose，supposing，provided(that
22、)等。【即景活用】_ I am concerned，we should be brave and we will reach the top of the hill at last _ we try our best to climb the hill.ASo long as；as long as BAs far as；as far asCAs far as；so long as DOn condition that；as soon as Suggested answer：CStep 6Writing 1Ask the students to make a poster for their s
23、chool that tells students various ways they can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.Tell students to illustrate their poster and give it a heading that will be eyecatching and will make others want to read it.Suggested answer：2Ask students to choose a topic from the list that they feel st
24、rongly about.Make notes on the topic using headings similar to the table in the reading task.Use the passage as a model.Writing tips：Step 1：Write out the thesis statement(point of view)Step 2：Write out the topic sentence of the first body paragraph.Step 3：Give the supporting points and details about
25、 the first subtopic.Step 4：Write out the topic sentence of the second body paragraph.Step 5：Give the supporting points and details about the second subtopic(more body paragraphs)A sample version：The Environmental Effects of Fossil FuelsThere is no doubt that fossil fuels bring a lot of good to us.Bu
26、t do you know that many of the environmental problems our country faces today result from our fossil fuel dependence?The environment faces air pollution，global warming，acid rain，and several other very serious problems because of our use of fossil fuels.Over the last 150 years，burning of fossil fuels
27、 has resulted in more than 25 percent increase in carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.Carbon dioxide is one of the main factors in global warming which is negatively affecting everyone.Fossil fuels also affect water pollution，land pollution，and thermal pollution(heat pollution)Coal mining is one of the
28、 causes of pollution in the environment.After the mining is completed，the land will remain barren.Materials other than coal are also brought to the surface in the coal mining process and these are left as solid wastes.The production，transportation，and use of fossil fuels are to blame for the effects
29、 of pollution on the environment.Then what should we do？We should spare no effort to improve our environment.Please save energy and use fewer fossil fuels in our daily lives.Step 7Homework 1Master the language points in the text.2Finish the writing task.Step 8Reflection after teaching_Global Warming
30、 SolutionsWhat Can We Do?The evidence that humans are causing global warming is strong，but the question of what to do about it remains controversial.Economics，sociology，and politics are all important factors in planning for the future.Even if we stopped emitting greenhouse gases(GHGs)today，the Earth
31、 would still warm by another degree Fahrenheit or so.But what we do from today forward makes a big difference.Depending on our choices，scientists predict that the Earth could eventually warm by as little as 2.5 degrees or as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit.A commonly cited goal is to stabilize GHG con
32、centrations around 450550 parts per million(ppm)，or about twice preindustrial levels.This is the point at which many believe the most damaging impacts of climate change can be avoided.Current concentrations are about 380 ppm，which means there isnt much time to lose.According to the IPCC，wed have to
33、reduce GHG emissions by 50% to 80% of what theyre on track to be in the next century to reach this level.Is this possible?Many people and governments are already working hard to cut greenhouse gases，and everyone can help.Researchers Stephen Pacala and Robert Socolow at Princeton University have sugg
34、ested one approach that they call “stabilization wedges”This means reducing GHG emissions from a variety of sources with technologies available in the next few decades，rather than relying on an enormous change in a single area.They suggest 7 wedges that could each reduce emissions，and all of them to
35、gether could hold emissions at approximately current levels for the next 50 years，putting us on a potential path to stabilize around 500 ppm.There are many possible wedges，including improvements to energy efficiency and vehicle fuel economy(so less energy has to be produced)，and increases in wind an
36、d solar power，hydrogen produced from renewable sources，biofuels(fuels produced from crops)，natural gas，and nuclear power.There is also the potential to capture the carbon dioxide emitted from fossil fuels and store it undergrounda process called “carbon sequestration”In addition to reducing the gase
37、s we emit to the atmosphere，we can also increase the amount of gases we take out of the atmosphere.Plants and trees absorb CO2 as they grow，“sequestering” carbon naturally.Increasing forestlands and making changes to the way we farm could increase the amount of carbon were storing.Some of these technologies have drawbacks，and different communities will make different decisions about how to power their lives，but the good news is that there are a variety of options to put us on a path toward a stable climate.