1、Section_ Extended_reading_&_Project_&_Assessment remarkable adj. 非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的a crowd of一群a crowd of people一群人crowd in涌入stream vi.& vt.鱼贯而行，涌动；流，流动n.小溪；(人)流，(车)流stream into涌入firstever adj.首次的；初次的；第一次的Symphony No.9第九交响曲enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的be enthusiastic about对热情的at the end of在的末端；在的尽头be unaw
2、are of没有意识到be aware of意识到response n.回应；回答in response to对作出回应respond to对作出回应turn around转身；好转face vt.面对；朝向face up to面对be faced with面对a sea of许多；大量的handkerchief n(pl.handkerchiefs or handkerchieves)手帕，纸巾major adj.主要的n.专业vi.主修major in English主修英语vast adj.大量的，辽阔的，巨大的gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的be gifted in在有天赋da
3、y and night日日夜夜by the time到为止reputation n.名誉，名声figure n.人数；数字；画像；身材brilliant adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的prediction n.预言，预测predict v.预测，预言extraordinary adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的take a sharp turn急转弯in ones late twenties在某人将近三十岁的时候Beethoven：a remarkable lifeOn 7 May 1824, a crowd of music lovers streamed
4、into a theatre in Vienna to hear the firstever performance of the great Ludwig van Beethovens Symphony No.9. The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into enthusiastic cheers at the end of the symphony. 1 Beethoven, who was almost completel
5、y deaf at this point in his life, was unaware ofthe audiences response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd. 2 Before him, he saw a sea of people all standing, clapping, and waving their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork. 31本句为主从复合句。句中that
6、引导宾语从句，作recognized的宾语；宾语从句中and连接两个并列句。2本句为主从复合句。who引导的定语从句修饰前面的Beethoven，句子的主干为：Beethoven was unaware of the audiences response.3本句中含有see的复合结构，see sb doing表示“看到某人正在做某事”，另外to express their appreciation of his masterwork表示目的。Symphony No.9 was Beethovens last major piece of music in a vast body of work
7、s written throughout his remarkable life.4 As a gifted child, Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night.Not long after, he began to be appreciated for his piano performances.By the time he was a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.5Many i
8、mportant figures in the music world, including the brilliant musician Mozart, started making predictions about Beethovens extraordinary future.However, life took a sharp turn.In his late twenties， Beethoven suffered one of the worst possible twists for a musician：he started to lose his hearing.4句中wr
9、itten throughout his remarkable life作后置定语修饰前面的名词works。5句中by the time 为介词短语，引导时间状语从句。主句的谓语动词用相应的完成时态。比如by the time后跟过去时的句子，主句用过去完成时。贝多芬：非凡的一生1824年5月7日，一群音乐爱好者涌入维也纳一家剧院，去听伟大的路德维希凡贝多芬第九交响曲的首场演出。观众们立刻意识到他们在聆听的是一首真正特别的曲子，在交响乐结束时，他们爆发出热烈的欢呼声。贝多芬，在他生命的这个阶段几乎完全失聪，没有意识到观众的反应，直到一位歌手让他转过身来面对观众。在他面前，他看到无数人站着，鼓掌
10、，挥舞着帽子和手帕，来表达对他的杰作的欣赏之情。第九交响曲是贝多芬在其非凡一生中所创作的大量作品中最后一部重要作品。作为一个有天赋的孩子，贝多芬被他的父亲逼着日夜学习音乐。不久之后，他的钢琴表演开始受到人们的欣赏。他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。音乐界的许多重要人物，包括杰出的音乐家莫扎特，都开始预测贝多芬非凡的未来。然而，命运发生了巨大转折。在快三十岁的时候，贝多芬经历了一个音乐家可能经历过的最糟糕的挫折：他开始丧失听力。depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气upset adj.难过的，失望的vt. (upset，upset)使烦恼；搅乱；打翻at first起初；开
11、始keep .a secret保密possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃despite prep.尽管，相当于短语 in spite ofbe determined to do sth决定做某事a variety of各种各样的；多种多样的so that以至于present vt.授予；呈现all of a sudden突然，猛地suddenly adv.突然地orchestra n.管弦乐队course through通过desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的be desperate for/to
12、 do sth迫切/渴望(做)某事uplifting adj.令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的ease n.容易，轻易；舒适，安逸vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻with ease容易地genius n.天赋，天资；天才variation n.变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种chorus n.合唱曲；副歌；合唱团grand adj.宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的finale n.末乐章，终场，结局；结尾be regarded as被看作，主动形式为regard .as .把看作The loss of his hearing deeply depressed Beethoven.He was so u
13、pset that, at first， he wanted to keep it a secret. 6 In a letter to his brothers, he wrote, “.how could I possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others, a sense which I once possessed in the greatest perfection .” Even in his darkest moments, however,
14、Beethoven never abandoned hope.Despite his hearing loss, he was determined to find a way to continue living a life full of music.He used a variety of hearing aids to try to increase the amount of sound he could take in.When composing music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth
15、and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes.7 Although Beethoven was able to continue composing music, it became increasingly difficult for him to perform in public.8When Beethoven presented Symphony No.9 in Vienna in 1824, it was his first time on stage in over te
16、n years.6本句为主从复合句。句中含有so .that .句式，that引导结果状语从句；at first为时间状语。7本句为主从复合句。when引导状语从句的省略句，主句的主语为he，和从句的谓语compose为主动关系，所以把从句的主语和系动词省略，完整句子为when he was composing music .8本句为主从复合句。although引导的让步状语从句，不和but连用。主句为it is/become形容词for sb to do sth句式。Since that day, Beethovens Symphony No.9 has become one of the
17、most famous and treasured pieces in the history of classical music. 9 The first movement starts quietly, but all of a sudden the whole orchestra breaks into an energetic theme.You can soon feel the determinationa quality Beethoven understood well because of his hearing difficultiescoursing through t
18、he music.The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs which perhaps reflect both his suffering and his strong will to fight it. 10 The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease， showing his genius as a composer.11Finally, in the fourth movement, he connect
19、s all of the different variations into a joyful chorus.9句中since意为“自从”，后面的句子用现在完成时。10本句为主从复合句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词desperate lows and uplifting highs在从句中作主语。11句中showing his genius as a composer为现在分词作状语。As Beethovens last great work, his Symphony No.9 was also a grand finale to his lifehe died less than t
20、hree years after the concert in Vienna, aged 56.For his amazing achievements and for his determination even in his darkest days，Beethoven is regarded as one of the most remarkable musicians who ever lived.失聪使贝多芬非常沮丧。他很难过，一开始，他想对此保密。他在给兄弟们的一封信中写道：“我怎么可能承认我本应该是比别人更完美，我曾经拥有的最完美的感官成为弱点”然而，即使在他最黑暗的时刻，贝多芬
21、也从未放弃希望。尽管他已失聪，但他决心要找到一种方式继续过充满音乐的生活。他使用了各种助听设备，试图增加他能听到的音量。当他在钢琴上谱曲时，他会把铅笔的一头放进嘴里，把另一头抵在乐器上，以此来感受音符。虽然贝多芬能够继续创作音乐，但他在公众面前演奏变得愈加困难。当贝多芬于1824年在维也纳演奏第九交响曲时，那是他十多年来第一次登台演出。从那天起，贝多芬的第九交响曲就成了古典音乐史上最著名和最珍贵的作品之一。第一乐章轻柔开启，但突然整个爆发出激昂的旋律。很快你就能感受到这种贯穿在音乐中的决心，这是贝多芬因自己的听力问题而深刻体会到的品质。接下来的两个乐章充满了绝望的低音和令人振奋的高音，这也许反
22、映了他的痛苦和他与之斗争的坚强意志。这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理得轻松自如，显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。最后，在第四乐章中，他把所有不同的变奏连接成欢乐的合唱。作为贝多芬最后一部伟大的作品，他的第九交响曲也是他人生的最后乐章在维也纳音乐会结束后不到三年他就去世了，享年56岁。由于他杰出的成就以及他在最无望的日子里的决心，贝多芬被认为是有史以来最杰出的音乐家之一。.Skim the text and match the main idea with each part.Part 1 (Para.1)ABeethoven is regarded as one of the most remarka
23、ble musicians because of his achievements.Part 2 (Paras.24)BMany music lovers hear Beethovens Symphony No.9 and think highly of it.Part 3 (Para.5)CThe process of Beethovens music creation and the contents of his Symphony No.9.答案：Parts 13BCA.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1On 7 Ma
24、y 1824, where did a crowd of music lovers stream into to hear Beethovens Symphony No.9?AA theatre in Vienna.BA theatre in London.CA theatre in New York.DA theatre in China.2Who pushed the young Beethoven to study music day and night?AHis mother.BHis father.CHis sister.DHis brother.3_ was the biggest
25、 problem Beethoven faced in his life.AThe loss of smellBThe loss of movementCThe loss of hearingDThe loss of sight4Beethoven is regarded as one of the most remarkable musicians because of_.Ahis amazing achievementsBhis determination even in his darkest daysChis deafnessDboth A and B5Which one is WRO
26、NG about Beethovens Symphony No.9?ABeethovens Symphony No.9 is the most famous and treasured piece in the history of classical music.BYou can feel the determination in Beethovens Symphony No.9.CBeethovens Symphony No.9 connects all of the different variations into a joyful chorus.DBeethovens Symphon
27、y No.9 is not only his great work, but also a grand finale to Beethovens life.答案：15ABCDA.Master the key content of the text.Beethoven：a remarkable lifeA crowd of music lovers 1.streamed_into a theatre in Vienna to hear Ludwig van Beethovens Symphony No.9.The crowd broke into 2.enthusiastic_cheers at
28、 the end of the symphony and used their ways to express their appreciation.Beethoven：a remarkable lifeFrom a young age, Beethoven was pushed to study music 3.day_and_night.And many important figures in the music world made predictions about 4.his_extraordinary_future,_but then Beethovens life took a
29、 sharp turnhe started to 5. lose_his_hearing.The loss of hearing 6.depressed Beethoven at first, and then he used a variety of 7.hearing_aids to increase the amount of sound he could take in.Beethovens Symphony No.9 has become one of the most famous and treasured pieces in the history of 8.classical
30、_music.Beethoven is regarded as one of the most 9.remarkable musicians because of his amazing achievements and his 10.determination even in his darkest days.Fill in the blanks using the proper words according to the text.On 7 May 1824, many music lovers 1.streamed (stream) into a theatre to hear Bee
31、thovens Symphony No.9.They recognized 2.what they heard as truly special one.And they expressed their appreciation of this masterpiece by 3.standing (stand)，clapping and waving their hats and handkerchiefs.As a 4.gifted (gift) child, Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music.By the time he w
32、as a child, he 5.had_enjoyed (enjoy) a reputation as a wonderful young musician.In his late twenties, he started to lose his hearing.6.Obviously(obvious), the loss of his hearing made Beethoven depressed.7.To_increase (increase) the amount of sound he could take in, he used a variety 8.of hearing ai
33、ds.Symphony No.9 was not only his last great work but also 9.a grand finale to Beethovens life.Beethoven is regarded as one of the most remarkable 10.musicians (music) because of his amazing achievements and his determination. .重点单词1stream into流入；涌入2be enthusiastic about对热情的3in a vast area在一大片区域；在广阔
34、区域4be gifted in在有天赋5enjoy a reputation_as .享有盛名6a brilliant musician才华横溢的音乐家7an extraordinary artist一位非凡的艺术家8upset ones plan打破某人的计划9abandon_his own child舍弃自己的孩子10an uplifting story一个振奋人心的故事11put sb at ease使某人放松12many grand buildings宏伟的建筑物13make remarkable progress取得非凡的进步14He makes a prediction by pr
35、edicting what will happen next.(predict)15On hearing the depressing news, I feel very depressed.So I get into a state of depression.(depress)16He possesses the house, that is to say, the house is in the possession of him.(possess)17On one hand, he is desperate for freedom, on the other hand, he need
36、 the job desperately.(desperate)1enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的allyenthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地例如：academicallyacademically adv.学术上，学理上economicallyeconomically adv.经济地；在经济上automaticallyautomatically adv.自动地；机械地；无意识地energeticallyenergetically adv.精力充沛地2gift n天赋，天资edgifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的例如：talented adj.有才能的；多
37、才的detailed adj.详细地experienced adj.有经验的skilled adj.有技巧的 .重点短语1All_of_a_sudden (突然), I realized what he said just now.2My parents were in a huge argument, and I was_upset_about (心烦) it.3He was nervous at first but her warm welcome soon put_him at_ease(使某人放松)4They streamed_into (涌入) the room when they
38、knew their favourite teacher was there.5When I was young, I was_enthusiastic_about (对热情；喜欢) football.6He is in_possession_of (拥有) the new car, that is to say, the new car is in_the_possession_of (为拥有) him. 7He is_desperate_for (渴望) knowledge, because he wants to be knowledgeable.8He is_gifted_in (在有
39、天赋) writing music, and his dream is to be a composer.典型句式1.教材原句Beethoven, who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life, was unaware of the audiences response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd.贝多芬，在他生命的这个阶段几乎完全失聪，没有意识到观众的反应，直到一位歌手让他转过身来面对观众。句式分析who引导的定语从句佳句仿写Tho
40、se who_do_simple_and_ordinary_jobs are also promoting the development of the society.那些做简单而普通工作的人也在促进社会的发展。2.教材原句By the time he was a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young musician.他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。句式分析by the time引导时间状语从句，主句用相应的完成时佳句仿写By_the_time_we_arrived,_the meeti
41、ng had_been_over for 10 minutes.当我们到达的时候，会议已经结束了10分钟。3.教材原句When composing music at the piano, he would put one end of a pencil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes.当他在钢琴上谱曲时，他会把铅笔的一头放进嘴里，把另一头抵在乐器上，以此来感受音符。句式分析状语从句的省略佳句仿写Although/Though_faced wit
42、h so many problems, they didnt lose heart.虽然面对那么多的问题，他们并没有灰心丧气。4.教材原句Since that day, Beethovens Symphony No.9 has become one of the most famous and treasured pieces in the history of classical music.从那天起，贝多芬的第九交响曲就成了古典音乐史上最著名和最珍贵的作品之一。句式分析since后跟过去时间状语或一般过去时的句子，主句用现在完成时佳句仿写Since_I_was_ten_years_old,
43、_I have_mastered 1,000 English words.从我十岁开始，我已经掌握了1 000个英语单词。1. a crowd of 许多(教材p.25)On 7 May 1824, a crowd of music lovers streamed into a theatre in Vienna to hear the firstever performance of the great Ludwig van Beethovens Symphony No.9.1824年5月7日，一群音乐爱好者涌入维也纳一家剧院，去听伟大的路德维希凡贝多芬第九交响曲的首场演出。(1)a cro
44、wd of/crowds of一群；许多(2)crowd into .挤进crowd in(想法、问题等)涌上(某人心头)，涌入(某人脑海)(3)crowded adj.拥挤的；塞满的be crowded with充满，满是(经典佳句)There is a crowd of students singing in the classroom when the teacher comes. 老师来时，教室里有一群学生在唱歌。巧学助记The crowd crowded into the stadium which was crowded with audience.人群挤进体育馆里，里面挤满了观众
45、。练透单句语法填空Hundreds of people crowded into the nearby church for the wedding.Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.In crowded(crowd) places like airports and railway stations, you must take care of your luggage.写美补全句子My father warned me against going to the west coast because it was_
46、crowded_with tourists.我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。2enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的(教材p.25)The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into enthusiastic cheers at the end of the symphony.观众们立刻意识到他们在聆听的是一首真正特别的曲子，在交响乐结束时，他们爆发出热烈的欢呼声。(1)be enthusiastic about
47、对热心的；对热情的(2)enthusiasm n.热情；热心with enthusiasm热情地；热心地(3)enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地(经典佳句)His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友非常热情并且鼓励他发表他的看法，但是哥白尼非常谨慎。练透单句语法填空/补全句子I put forward a plan but he did not appear enthusiastic(enthusiasm) a
48、bout it.The audience clapped enthusiastically(enthusiastic) and called for more.Today, I am just as enthusiastic_about my job as the day I first started.现在，我对工作的热情一如既往。写美词汇升级We shouldnt get discouraged right after failures. Rather, we should keep trying enthusiastically.We shouldnt get discouraged r
49、ight after failures. Rather, we should keep trying with_enthusiasm.3gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的(教材p.25)As a gifted child, Beethoven was pushed by his father to study music day and night.作为一个有天赋的孩子，贝多芬被他的父亲逼着日夜学习音乐。(1)be gifted in在方面有天赋a gifted dancer/musician天才舞蹈演员/音乐家(2)gift n.天赋，才能have a gift for对有天赋(经典佳
50、句)Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics.斯蒂芬霍金是物理学中最著名和最有天赋的科学家之一。名师点津talented与gifted均有“有才华的；天才的”意思。名词gift/talent对应的短语都可以写成have a gift/talent for表示“对有天赋”。练透单句语法填空He is gifted in understanding a diverse range of people and their cultures.The gifted (gift) architec
51、t designed one splendid building after another.写美一句多译这位有音乐天赋的女孩很有可能成为下一个贝多芬。The young girl who has_a_gift/talent_for_music is very likely to be a Beethoven.The young girl who is_gifted_in_music is very likely to be a Beethoven.4depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气(教材p.25)The loss of his hearing deeply depres
52、sed Beethoven.失聪使贝多芬非常沮丧。(1)depression n沮丧；消沉suffer from depression患抑郁症(2)depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人丧气的(3)depressed adj.感到沮丧的feel depressed感到沮丧be depressed by因沮丧be depressed about对沮丧(经典佳句)Rainy weather always depresses me.雨天总是使我沮丧。名师点津depressed的主语是人，depressing的主语是物或修饰物。巧学助记Hearing the depressing news,
53、he felt depressed and later he had depression, which depresses everyone around him.听到这个令人沮丧的消息，他感到沮丧，后来他患上了抑郁症，这让他周围的每个人都感到沮丧。练透单句语法填空/补全句子He was not satisfied with the summer camp because the whole experience was depressing (depress)There are few things in the world that can better or more rapidly
54、treat depression (depress) than exercise such as running.My brother stays at home and is_very_depressed_about losing his job.我弟弟因为丢了工作而待在家里，非常沮丧。写美句式升级His parents were very depressed because the boy had a bad temper.The reason why_his_parents_were_very_depressed was that the boy had a bad temper.5up
55、set adj.难过的，失望的 vt.(upset, upset)使烦恼；搅乱；打翻(教材p.25)He was so upset that, at first, he wanted to keep it a secret.他很难过，一开始，他想对此保密。(1)be upset about为烦恼/不安be upset that .心烦be upset to do sth对做某事感到不安/难过(2)upset oneself使自己感到心烦It upset(s) sb that .让某人不高兴的是(经典佳句)It seemed like a joke at first, but the girl
56、was very upset.起初， 这似乎是一个笑话， 但是这个女孩很生气。练透单句语法填空/补全句子After the exam, Tom stayed in his room, upset (upset)She was upset to_know (know) that she failed in the exam.The bad weather will upset_our_plan for a picnic.这坏天气会把我们野餐的计划打乱。写美一句多译他没通过考试，这使他心烦意乱。He failed in the exam, which made_him_upset.(upset a
57、dj.)He failed in the exam, which upset_him.(upset vt.)6possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制(教材p.2526) .how could I possibly admit a weakness in the one sense which should be more perfect in me than in others, a sense which I once possessed in the greatest perfection .我怎么可能承认我应该比别人更完美，我曾经拥有过的最完美的感官成为弱点(1)posse
58、ss sb of使某人拥有be possessed of有；拥有(2)possession n.占有；拥有；所有；所有物；财产；财富have possession ofbe in possession of sth拥有/占有某物be in the possession of sbbe in ones possession为某人所有；归某人所有 get/take possession of占领；夺取(经典佳句)They are potential powers we possess：energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas.他们是我们所拥有的潜在
59、能力：能量、技能、明智的判断、创造性想法。名师点津(1)possession常用复数形式，表示“财产；所有物；财富”。(2)in possession of表示主动，其主语通常是人，意为“占有”；in the possession of表示被动，其主语通常是物，意为“被占有”。练透单句语法填空She is possessed (possess) of health and wealth.Does the young man standing there have possession of the company?No.The company is in the possession of h
60、is father.写美一句多译据说一位年轻人拥有这家公司。Its said that a young man is_possessed_of the company.(possess vt.)Its said that a young man has_possession_of/is_in_possession_of the company.(possession n)Its said that the company is_in_the_possession_of a young man.(possession n)7desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的(教
61、材p.26)The next two movements are full of desperate lows and uplifting highs which perhaps reflect both his suffering and his strong will to fight it. 接下来的两个乐章充满了绝望的低音和令人振奋的高音，这也许反映了他的痛苦和他与之斗争的坚强意志。(1)be desperate for sth渴望得到某物be desperate to do sth渴望做某事(2)desperately adv.非常；绝望地(3)desperation n.绝望in/
62、out of desperation绝望地；无可奈何地(经典佳句)I am so desperate on hearing that bad news. 听到那个坏消息，我感到非常绝望。练透单句语法填空He is so deep in debt and desperate for money.In desperation (desperate), we had to borrow the money.He took a deep breath, desperately (desperate) trying to keep calm.写美补全句子She has been married for
63、three years and is_desperate_to_have a baby.她已经结婚三年了，非常想要个孩子。8ease n容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.& vt. (使)宽慰，减轻(教材p.26)The music moves through technically difficult sections with ease, showing his genius as a composer. 这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理得轻松自如，显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。(1)with ease轻易地；毫不费力地at ease舒适，悠闲，自在feel/look at ease感到/看上去心情
64、放松put/set sb at (ones) ease使某人放松/自在(2)ease ones mind使某人宽慰ease sb of sth使某人消除/减轻(经典佳句)He was nervous at first but her warm welcome soon put him at ease.起初他有些紧张，但是她的热情欢迎很快使他放松下来。练透补全句子His mind was at_ease knowing that the children were safe. 得知孩子们都很安全，他才放心。With the help of the Internet, we can get_man
65、y_learning_materials_with_ease.在互联网的帮助下，我们现在可以轻松获得许多学习资料。The medicine eased_him_of the pain.这药减轻了他的疼痛。写美补全句子She is the kind of person who_can_always_put_others_at_ease.她是那种总是能让人感觉轻松自在的人。1句型公式：who引导定语从句(教材p.25)Beethoven, who was almost completely deaf at this point in his life, was unaware of the aud
66、iences response until one of the singers turned him around to face the crowd.贝多芬，在他生命的这个阶段几乎完全失聪，没有意识到观众的反应，直到一位歌手让他转过身来面对观众。(1)who引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词；(2)who引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语时，可省略，而作主语时，不能省略；(3)who在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的单复数与其前面的先行词保持一致；(4)若先行词中既有人又有物时，只能用that而不能用who引导定语从句。(经典佳句)Chinese who are not activ
67、e or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.不爱活动或者饮食富含高脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。练透单句语法填空Do you know the boy who is (be) standing over there?Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BCE, influenced the development of chopsticks.He watched the child
68、ren and boxes that filled the car.写美翻译句子任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。Anyone_who_breaks_the_law_will_be_punished.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。Charlie_Smith,_who_was_my_former_teacher,_retired_last_year.2句型公式：by the time .到时候为止，引导的时间状语从句(教材p.25) By the time he was a teenager, he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderf
69、ul young musician.他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。by the time .是一个介词短语，在句子中起连接作用，引导时间状语从句。by the time引导时间状语从句时的用法如下：(1)如从句谓语是一般过去时，则主句用过去完成时；(2)如从句谓语是一般现在时或现在完成时，则主句用将来完成时；(3)如主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状态，此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态，此时by the time相当于when。(经典佳句)By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here fo
70、r 5 years. 截止到我明年毕业，我将在这里生活了5年。练透单句语法填空By the time they arrived, the famous astronaut had_left(leave) the hall.By the time she gets home, her mother will_have_left(leave) for London to attend a meeting.By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was
71、(be) already a multicultural society.写美补全句子When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by_the_time_we_hung_up,_her voice had been full of energy. 当我给我的祖母打电话时，她的声音听起来很虚弱，但等到我们挂断电话的时候，她的声音充满了活力。3句型公式： 状语从句的省略(教材p.26) When composing music at the piano, he would put one end of a pe
72、ncil in his mouth and place the other end against the instrument so that he could feel the notes.当他在钢琴上谱曲时，他会把铅笔的一头放进嘴里，把另一头抵在乐器上，以此感受到音符。(1)当when引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分含有动词be时，这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉，省略后的部分为“when分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。(2)引导状语从句时可以省略的连词还有：while, once, as, as if, when, unless, u
73、ntil, even if, though, if等。(经典佳句)When going for a walk, you can take along a small garbage bag.当你去散步时，你可以随身带一个小垃圾袋。练透补全句子When_asked where she was from, the little girl was only crying, saying nothing.当被问到她是哪里人时，这个小女孩只是哭，什么也不说。Be careful when_crossing the street.过街时要当心。写美句式升级Once it is formed, the ba
74、d habits are hard to get rid of.Once_formed,_the bad habits are hard to get rid of.(改为省略句)维度一品句填词根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，填写该单词的正确形式。1With that, I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the hospital, doing anything and everything I could to ease (减轻) his discomfort.2My friends try to drag me awa
75、y from my phone, but as soon as Im alone again, Im desperate (迫切的) to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.3He insists there is a vast (巨大的) and important difference between the two concepts.4The newspapers have destroyed his personal, political, and professional re
76、putation (名声)5He has got brilliant (很成功的) achievements in the field of physics. 6I want to live an extraordinary (非凡的) life, so I must work hard now.7I find comedy is a good way to make the atmosphere uplifting (鼓舞人心的)8Finally, the cherry in Fujian Wuyi Mountain was treated as a new variation (变种)9A
77、s we all know, Einstein was a great scientific genius.10Samantha lives in a very grand house.维度二词形转换用括号内词的适当形式填空。1Weather prediction (predict) has never been a perfect science.2Even a small success can give you a sense of achievement (achieve)3As he was not allowed to accompany (company) her to the
78、shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.4Jane suffers a lot from depression (depress) after the death of her husband.5I suddenly (sudden) realized we had a lot in common.6The child was found abandoned (abandon) but unharmed. 7Economics can make rather remarkably (remarkable) accurate predictions
79、 about economic phenomena.8He joined in the class discussion enthusiastically (enthusiastic). 维度三固定搭配和句式根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1Once_published (一旦出版), his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.2I am_desperate_to_see (渴望看到) the famous writer.3At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep_her_company (陪伴她)4In my opinion, there is no point being_upset_about (为某事而烦恼) it.5The studio was/is_crowded_with (充满) visitors.6People around the world should be_aware_of (意识到) the real situation of water shortage.
