1、Unit 7 The Sea晨起第一事 背诵经典句1A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner. 平静的海洋练不出熟练的水手。 2The waves, currents, and tides of the sea are much the same as the ups, downs and precariousness of life itself.大海的波涛、水流与潮汐，与人生的跌宕起伏非常相似。3It is said that the voice and wind of the sea are very comfortable.据说大海的声音和海
2、风是很舒服的。4This one Antarctic glacier is the size of the UK and is already responsible for five percent of world sea level rise. 这个南极冰川的面积相当于英国的面积，它已经造成了全球海平面上升5%。(1)participate (vi.) 参加participation (n.) 参加，参与participator (n.) 参与者(2)evaluate (vt.) 评估，评价evaluation (n.) 评估，评价(3)arrange (vt.) 安排，准备arrang
3、ement (n.) 安排arranged (adj.) 安排的(4)spirit (n.) 精神spiritual (adj.) 精神上的，崇高的spirited (adj.) 有精神的，精力旺盛的(5)eventually (adv.) 终于，最终eventual (adj.) 最后的，终于的(6)journey (n.) 旅行，旅程travel (n.& vi.) (近义词)旅行，旅游trip (n.) (近义词)旅游voyage (n.) (近义词)(海上)旅行(7)apologise (vi.) 道歉apology (n.) 道歉(8)pollution (n.) 污染pollute
4、 (vt.) 使污染polluted (adj.) 受到污染的pollutant (n.) 污染物质(9)ban (vt.) 禁止prohibit (vt.)(近义词) 禁止forbid (vt.) (近义词)禁止(10)altogether (adv.) 完全(11)handle (vt.) 对付 (n.) 把手(12)department (n.) 部门，部，系，局departmental (adj.) 部门的departmentalize (vt.) 把分成各部门(13)solution (n.) 答案，解决办法solve (vt.) 解决(14)present (vt.) 讲演，演示
5、(n.) 礼物 (adj.) 在场的，目前的presence (n.) 出席，到场(15)energetic (adj.) 有活力的，精力充沛的energy (n.) 精力，活力energetically (adv.) 精力充沛地，积极地(16)discovery (n.) 发现discover (vt.) 发现invent (vt.) (近义词)发明create (vt.) (近义词)发明，创造(17)educate (vt.) 教育education (n.) 教育(18)attract (vt.) 吸引attraction (n.) 吸引人的地方attractive (adj.) 吸引人
6、的，有魅力的attractively (adv.) 引人注目地(19)measure (vt.& vi.) (长度、数量等)量度为；测量(n.) 措施(20)terrify (vt.) 使人感到恐惧terrified (adj.) 感到恐惧的terrifying (adj.) 令人恐惧的(21)escape (vi.) 逃脱，逃跑(22)survive (vi.) 幸存，生存下来survival (n.) 幸存，残存(23)recover (vi.) 恢复正常，康复recoverable (adj.) 可收回的，可重新获得的recovery (n.) 康复(24)recognise (vt.)
7、 辨认出recognition (n.) 认出，承认，确认recognizable (adj.) 可辨认的(1)industrial (adj.) 工业的industry (n.) 工业industrialize (vt.) 使工业化(2)agricultural (adj.) 农业的agriculture (n.) 农业farming (n.) (近义词) 农业，农耕(3)intelligence (n.) 智力，理解力intelligent (adj.) 有才智的，聪明的(4)uptodate (adj.) 现代的，最新的(5)discount (n.) 折扣，减价discountable
8、 (adj.) 可打折扣的(6)trick (n.) 戏法，把戏(7)melt (vi.) 熔化，融化(8)horrible (adj.) 可怕的，令人厌恶的horribly (adv.) 可怕地，令人厌恶地(9)sink (vi.) 下沉；沉没sank (过去式)sunk (过去分词)(10)debate ( n& vt.) 辩论，争辩(11)local (adj.) 当地的，地方性的location (n.) 地点，地方，位置located (adj.) 坐落在，位于(12)disagree (vi.) 意见不合，不同意disagreeable (adj.) 令人不愉快的，不合意的disa
9、greement (n.) 意见不一，争论单句语法填空1.I would like to offer an (apologise) for the delay to your class today.答案：apology2The police have warned the citys inhabitants not to swim in the (pollute) river.答案：polluted3He hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and (eventual) work for “The Times”答案：eventually4The
10、 more the young students worked, the more (energy) they became.答案：energetic5He was (terrify) at the thought of being caught in the woods.答案：terrified6I know her, but her name (escape) me now.答案：escapes7We must take some strict (measure) to protect those rare animals.答案：measures8We encourage students
11、 to participate fully the running of the college.答案：in9Several buildings in the town (survive) from medieval times, you know.答案：have survived10It is important (recognize) how little we know about this disease.答案：to recognize1以sure结尾的名词pleasure 高兴，快乐measure 措施exposure 暴露，揭发enclosure 围场；附件treasure 财富，
12、珍宝leisure 悠闲；闲暇pressure 压力2以ment结尾的名词家族advertisement 广告development 发展 movement 运动 improvement 改进，提高 achievement 成就；达成 arrangement 安排 management 管理 assignment 分配；作业 agreement 协议 enjoyment 快乐，乐趣government 政府；治理，管理 judgement 判断 payment 偿还；付款 appointment 失望 establishment 确立 equipment 设备，装备argument 争论，辩论
13、punishment 惩罚1fill out 填写2set sail 启航3according to 根据，按照4get into trouble 陷入麻烦5persuade sb to do sth (成功)劝说某人做某事6make it to 到达7in search of 寻找，寻求 8deal with 处理9make a living 谋生10watch out 注意，小心，当心11on the edge of 某事快要发生，在边缘12pick up 拾起；接载13all at once 突然，忽然14be covered with 被覆盖15from then on 从那时起16m
14、anage to do sth 成功地做成某事选词填空fill out， make a living， according to， get into trouble， make it to， in search of， watch out， on the edge of， pick up， from then on1To apply for the job, youll have to an application form first.答案：fill out2With blood pouring from his leg, he a nearby house.答案：made it to3Ma
15、rk went to the nearby river water.答案：in search of4You wouldnt have if you had taken my advice.答案：got into trouble5We must be prepared to modify our plans any new circumstances that may arise.答案：according to6 for cars when you cross the street.答案：Watch out7Remember after you come back from work, you
16、have to our child from the primary school.答案：pick up8 ， we contacted each other by email. Sometimes we met in the given place.答案：From then on9My uncle by teaching.答案：made a living10Their economy is collapse.答案：on the edge of1动词it构成的短语make it 成功，做完，达成get it 理解，明白catch it 受罚foot it 步行去cab it 坐出租车去help
17、 it 有助，有利2含有名词turn的短语by turns 轮流out of turn 不按顺序地，不合时宜地be ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事in turn 依次，轮流课文原句句式梳理仿写训练1.Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland. 埃里克再次启航，这次有25艘船，其中只有14艘到达格陵兰岛。(P8)介词(of)which/whom引导非限制性定语从句This is the bookstore, .我就是从这个书店买了两本英语
18、杂志。2.On the other hand, I didnt think that the caf was as good as it should be. 另一方面，我认为那家咖啡馆还不够好。(P13)I dont/didnt think that . “我认为不”否定转移，宾语从句的not，移至主句中。条件：主语是第一人称，谓语动词是表示“认为、相信、猜测、想象”等的动词，从句的否定移到主句否定，但译为汉语时，否定词否定从句I they will come back today.我认为他今天不会回来了。答案：1.from which/where I bought two English
19、magazines2.dont think participate vi. 参加，参与(P4)(1)单句语法填空Yesterday there was a sports meet in our school with hundreds of students (participate)Everyone in the class is expected (participate) in the discussion.答案：participatingto participate(2)单句写作 They welcome the opportunity to fully the life of the
20、 village.他们很高兴有这个机会充分参与到该村的生活中去。答案：participate; in(1)participate in 参加(2)participation n. 参与，分享participate后面不能接on, to或直接接名词，而要说participate in sth。 arrange vt. 安排，准备(P4)(1)单句语法填空Our headmaster will arrange his secretary to pick up the experts at the airport.Have you (arrange) to meet Mark this weeken
21、d?答案：forarranged(2)单句改错For a case like this, well arrange a lawyer to visit your neighbor with you. 答案：arrange后加for(1)arrange to do sth 安排做某事arrange for sth 为做准备(安排)arrange for sb/sth to do sth 安排某人/物做某事(2)arrangement n. 整理；布置；安排make arrangements for . 为做好安排表示“安排某人做某事”应该用arrange for sb to do sth不能用a
22、rrange sb to do sth。 eventually adv. 最终，终于(P8)(1)单句语法填空Im sure that our team will succeed (eventual)It is impossible to predict what the (eventually) outcome will be.答案：eventuallyeventual(2)单句写作 your child will leave home as a fully independent adult.最后，你的孩子会离开家，作为一个完全独立的成年人过她自己的生活。答案：Eventually; to
23、 lead her own life(1)abandon sth eventually 最终放弃某物succeed eventually 最后成功(2)eventual adj. 最终的，最后的 apologise vi. 道歉(P9)(1)单句语法填空His mother offered her (apologise) to Mrs Black.答案：apology(2)单句改错He made public apology to his teacher in class for what he had done. 答案：made后加a(1)apologise to sb for (doing
24、) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apology n. 道歉make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉 pollute vt. 使污染(P10)(1)单句语法填空The island (pollute) by a copper mine seriously.Energy consumption, congestion, and (pollute) have increased.答案：has been pollutedpollution
25、(2)单句写作Violence on television of our children.电视暴力正在毒害我们孩子的思想。答案：is polluting the minds(1)pollute . with . 用污染pollute the mind 污染思想pollute air/atmosphere 污染空气(2)pollution n. 污染environmental pollution 环境污染air pollution 空气污染(3)pollutant n. 污染物 handle vt. 对付，处理(P10)(1)单句语法填空Hes not a very good teacherh
26、e doesnt know how (handle) children.We hold the belief that the affairs of a given country must (handle) by its own people.答案：to handlebe handled(2)单句改错Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints handled. 答案：complaints后加werehandle是及物动词，直接跟宾语，不用接介词。 present vt. 讲演，演示n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的(
27、P11)(1)单句语法填空On his retirement, colleagues presented him a set of golf clubs.Many students were present the important conference last week.答案：withat(2)单句改错Our teacher presented the winner an award. 答案：winner后加withat present 目前，现在present sb with sth 赠予某人某物be present 出席，参加present用作动词作“授予”讲时，不用于present
28、 sb sth结构，须用present sb with sth结构。 attract vt. 吸引(P12)(1)单句语法填空What first (attract) me to her was her sense of humour.We welcome you to join us on a special tour which explores this unique Australian (attract)答案：attractedattraction(2)单句写作Recently, the TV program The Reader .近来，电视节目朗读者吸引了很多人的注意力。答案：a
29、ttracts the attention of many people(1)attract sb to . 把某人吸引到attract ones attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣(2)attraction n. 吸引人的事物，吸引力attractive adj. 有魅力的，吸引人的be attractive to sb 对某人有吸引力 escape vi. 逃脱，逃跑；逃避(P14)(1)单句语法填空Two of the (escape) prisoners were caught in Liaoning.He managed to escape the burni
30、ng car.答案：escapedfrom(2)单句改错He tried to escape away last night. 答案：去掉away(1)escape from . 从中逃脱escape (doing) sth 避免/逃脱(做)某事(2)make ones escape 逃走a narrow escape 九死一生(3)escaped adj. 逃跑了的escape表“离开”之意时，不再与away, off等词连用，因为escape本身已具有离开之意。另外，作“被忘记，没有被注意到”讲时，用sth escape sb结构表示，而不是用sb escape sth结构。 recogn
31、ise vt. 辨认出(P14)(1)单句语法填空He glanced at the envelope and (recognise) Eades handwriting.Lawrences novel was eventually recognised works of genius.答案：recognisedas(2)单句写作She had changed so much that I could .她变得我简直认不出来了。答案：hardly recognise herbe recognised as 被认为是recognise sb/sth as/to be . 承认某人/某物是 get
32、 into trouble 陷入麻烦(P8)(1)单句语法填空You will get trouble if you drive after drinking alcohol.Frank had much trouble finding the magazine he wanted.答案：intoin(2)单句写作If you keep the rules, you are not . 如果你遵守规则，你就不大会遇到麻烦。答案：likely to get into troublelook for trouble 自找麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦in
33、trouble 处于不幸(苦恼、困境)之中take the trouble to do sth 不怕费事或困难做某事trouble作名词，是不可数名词。 persuade sb to do sth/into doing sth (成功)说服某人做某事(P8)(1)单句语法填空I couldnt persuade her (accept) my terms.Her mother persuaded her staying at home for the whole day.答案：to acceptinto(2)单句写作I your father to buy some shares.我正在试图说
34、服你爸爸买些股票。答案：am trying to persuadepersuade sb of sth 使某人确信某事persuade sb that . 使某人相信try to persuade sb to do sthadvise sb to do sth 劝某人做某事persuade用来表示“说服某人做某事”时，一般不接that从句，可接带动词不定式的复合结构。如果仅表示劝说的过程，不强调结果，用try to persuade或advise。 make it to 到达，达成(P8)(1)单句语法填空He wanted to go to America and at last he ma
35、de it Canada.Its a very difficult examination; are you sure you can make ？答案：toit(2)单句写作The bus goes in ten minutes; you must hurry or you .汽车还有10分钟就要开了，你必须快一点，否则就赶不上了。答案：wont make itget it 明白，知道，理解thats it 就这样 in search of 寻找，寻求(P8)(1)单句语法填空He set out search of ideas for starting a company of his o
36、wn.The bad weather is hampering the search survivors.答案：infor(2)单句写作The youths were arrested and anything that would incriminate them.警察逮捕了那些年轻人，并进行搜身看能不能找到可以认定他们有罪的证据。答案：searched forcarry out a search 进行搜查make a search for 搜查，寻找search sb for sth 搜身寻找某物in search of表示“寻找”时，介词of不能用for替换。 all at once 突
37、然，忽然(P14)(1)单句语法填空The little girl burst into tears at once.When I saw him I recognized him once.答案：allat(2)单句写作We were sitting around the table when .我们正围坐在桌旁，这时电灯突然灭了。答案：all at once the lights went offall of a sudden 突然suddenly adv. 突然at once 马上，立刻right now 马上，立刻 pick up 取；捡起；学会，(开车)去接(P14)(1)单句语法填
38、空I (pick) up the phone book and glanced through it.After (pick) up a woman on the way, the bus left for the capital of the province.答案：pickedpicking(2)单句改错It took Mary a long time to pick up a new dress at the store. 答案：upoutpick and choose 挑三拣四，仔细挑选pick at sth 一点一点地吃；拉扯某物pick out 挑拣，挑出pick on 故意刁难(
39、某人)，跟(某人)找别扭当宾语是代词时，习惯上把代词放在pick与up之间；当宾语是名词时，一般放在pick up之后。 manage to do sth 成功地做成某事(P18)(1)单句语法填空At first, no ready technical data were available, but we managed (go) without.I dont know how Ill manage ， but Ill be there.答案：to goit(2)单句改错I finally managed push the huge animal away. 答案：managed后加tom
40、anage without 在没有(某物)的情况下继续I can manage it myself. 我自己可以处理。manage意为“设法做成，努力完成”时，不在前面加can或could。 教材原句According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble.根据冰岛和挪威的古老传说，埃里克雷德因一起谋杀罪而被迫离开冰岛，为此他陷入困境。(P
41、8)(1)单句语法填空How can anyone blame her for actions which she feels herself to be in no way responsible? He was also a writer of beautiful stories, some of are collaborations with his fiancee.答案：forwhich(2)单句写作She lost her heart to the young man she had studied and worked for so long.她爱上那个小伙子了，多年来她和他既是同
42、窗又是同事。答案：with whom介词which/whom引导非限制性定语从句(1)“介词which/whom”引导定语从句时，先行词是人，用whom；先行词是物，用which。且这个结构前还可以加名词或代词，即“n./pron.ofwhich/whom”；此时，n./pron.也可以放到of which/whom之后。(2)本结构中，介词的选择根据从句中动词的搭配或先行词的介词搭配以及语境含义而定。 教材原句Some fish can produce sounds almost twice as loud as your speaking voice!有些鱼发出的声音几乎是你说话声音的两倍
43、！(P12)(1)单句语法填空There are twice as many girls boys in our class!This room is three times (large) than that one.答案：aslarger(2)单句写作They have as we do. 他们拥有的奶牛是我们的三倍多。答案：three times as many cows倍数as形容词原级as表示“是的几倍”。(1)能充当倍数的成分有：整数、分数、百分数、名词等。(2)表示“两倍”用twice，表示其他整数倍时，用基数词times即可。 教材原句You certainly wont fi
44、nd a noisier fish.你肯定找不到比这更吵闹的鱼了(这就是最吵闹的鱼)。(P13)(1)单句语法填空No writer is (adventurous) than Mark Twain in the world, I think.What an exciting and instructive novel! Ive never read a (good) one.答案：more adventurousbetter(2)单句写作Have you got than sit there playing that silly game? 你光坐着玩那个愚蠢的游戏，就找不到更好的事来做吗？
45、答案：nothing better to do否定词(含有否定意义的词)形容词比较级，相当于该形容词的最高级含义。常见的含有否定的词有：no, not, nothing, little, few等。 教材原句I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.我仍然被捆在木桶上，海浪很快把我带到了其他渔民聚集的地方。(P15)(1)单句语法填空Its one of the few countries people drive on the l
46、eft.Put this envelope in a safe place no one can get access to it.答案：wherewhere(2)单句写作What is the name of the town ？你过去生活过的那座城镇叫什么名字？答案：where you used to live关系副词where引导定语从句关系副词除了where外，when, why也能引导定语从句。 教材原句From then on, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them.从那时起，无论郑和带他们去哪里，他们都会高
47、兴地跟随他。(P18)(1)单句语法填空 she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her. he lives, he never feels lonely. 答案：WhereverWherever(2)单句写作 ， wherever he went, I closely.从那以后，他无论走到哪里，我都会紧紧跟随的。答案：From then on; would follow him主句wherever让步状语从句根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Vikings, whose ancestors
48、came from Scandinavia, were the first Europeans 1 (reach) America. They had lived in many places of Northern Europe. In 982 AD, a man 2 (call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because of a murder, for which he 3 (get) into trouble. Eric discovered Greenland and persuaded some people 4 (settl
49、e) in Greenland. Eric set sail again, but only nearly half of the ships made 5 to Greenland this time.Later a man by the name of Biarni set sail from Iceland in search 6 Erics party. But he 7 (blow) off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where he 8 (eventual) reached Greenland.In the
50、year 1002, Leif, Eric the Reds son, followed Biarnis directions and sailed to 9 is believed to be the coast of presentday Canada. He also discovered Newfoundland. Actually, Eric the Red and Leifs 10 (deed) are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10.
51、 答案：1.to reach2.called3.got4.to settle5.it6.of7.was blown8.eventually9.what 10deeds.单句语法填空1There are times I wonder why I do this job.答案：when分析句子结构可知，此处用when引导定语从句，修饰times，when在从句中又作时间状语。2The reason she was late for the meeting was that she had to deal with several mistakes in the report.答案：why分析句子结
52、构可知，此处用why引导定语从句，修饰reason, why在从句中又作状语。3Can you suggest a place we can spend our summer vacation this year?答案：where根据句意可知，表示“我们今年能度假的地方”用where引导定语从句，修饰place，where在从句中又作地点状语。4The short one is by far expensive of the five.答案：the most句意：短的那一个是五个中最贵的。表示“五个中”最贵的，用形容词最高级。5He spoke much loudly than he had
53、intended.答案：more有比较级标志than，故其形容词important前用more。6Weve produced twice as cotton this year as we did ten years ago.答案：much本句中用as . as表示同级比较，故as . as中间用形容词原级，修饰不可数名词cotton，用much。7The length of the road is four times it was three years ago.答案：what根据句子含义，表示事物本身发展不同阶段的对比用“倍数what it was”，故填what。8The new ri
54、ver yard is three times the (long) of the one lying in the south of our city.答案：length本句是考查倍数的表达法之一“倍数the性质名词of .”，故此处用名词length。9The questions were all on opera, about subject I know nothing.答案：which句意：那些问题都是关于歌剧的，对此我一无所知。about which引导非限制性定语从句。10I have 8 new friends here, the three of are from the s
55、outh.答案：whom句意：在这里我有八个新朋友，其中三个是来自于南方。本句用the three of whom引导非限定性定语从句。.单句写作1This is the house (我们上次参观过的)答案：(which/that) we visited last time2I told my friend that (我从未读过比这更有趣的小说)答案：I had never read a more interesting novel than this one3They said they had .他们说他们有麻烦了。答案：gotten into trouble4 我试图劝他放弃那项计划
56、，但是他没有听我的。(persuade sb to do sth)答案：I tried to persuade him to give up his plan, but he didnt listen to me.5 与我们校长谈话的那个人我认识。答案：I know the man with whom our headmaster is talking.语法填空If you 1 (admit) to a university in China, regardless of whatever you choose as your major, theres one compulsory cour
57、se that you cant avoid: English. The fact is 2 you can probably miss 3 (attend) English classes when other courses are taught, but youd better take English 4 (serious). Having failed in the National College English Test, you may not be able 5 (secure) your bachelors degree, even you have your own ma
58、jor 6 (do) well.Each student learns a foreign language, and mostly English from Day One of 7 (them) compulsory education. Such a policy 8 (be) in place since China started to reform and open up in the early 1980s. Chinas total number of English language students and graduates over the years can be e
59、qual 9 the entire population of Australia, thanks to ten nationallevel collegiate foreign language teaching institutes, of 10 the most important ones are Shanghai International Studies University and Beijing Foreign Studies University.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了英语这门必修课在大学的重要性以及中国
60、对学英语的政策。1are admitted考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你被中国的一所大学录取，不管你选择什么专业，有一门必修课你无法避免：英语。be admitted to “被录取”。根据句意可知是被录取，被动语态，用一般现在时，主语为you，be用are。故填are admitted。2that考查表语从句的连接词。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，用that引导。故填that。3attending考查非谓语动词。miss doing sth “错过做某事”。此处是指错过上课。故填attending。4seriously考查词性转换。句意：但是你最好认真对待英语。take
61、 sth seriously “认真对待某事”。故填seriously。5to secure考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在全国大学英语考试中失败了，即使你自己的专业考得很好，你也可能无法获得学士学位。be able to do sth “能够做某事”，故填to secure。6done考查非谓语动词。have sth done “使某事被做”。major与do存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填done。7their考查代词。句意：每个学生从接受义务教育的第一天起就开始学习一门外语，其中大部分是英语。根据设空后的名词education可知，此处用形容词性物主代词。故填their
62、。8has been考查动词的时态和主谓一致。since引导时间状语从句时，主句常常使用现在完成时。主语为a policy，助动词用has。故填has been。9to考查介词。句意：多年来，中国英语专业学生和毕业生的总数相当于澳大利亚的总人口。be equal to“相等，等于”。故填to。10which考查定语从句的引导词。此处为定语从句，先行词为“ten nationallevel collegiate foreign language teaching institutes”表地点。从句中缺少状语，根据前面的of可知，用which引导，介词关系代词关系副词。故填which。.短文改错W
63、hen I was little, Fridays night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card game
64、s would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.答案：When I was little, night was our family game night.
65、 After supper, we would play card games of all in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes. I didnt
66、 realize how right my parents until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.1FridaysFriday考查名词作定语。名词作定语，往往表明被修饰名词的时间、地点、类别、目的或用途、材料或来源等。名词所有格作定语则强调与被修饰的词的所有关系或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。此处表示“星期五晚上”，并不是所有关系，故把Fridays改为Friday。2sortsorts考查名词。all
67、表示三者或三者以上，后用名词复数。故把sort改为sorts。3thea考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”，a用在表示泛指的单数名词前，the表示特指。故把the改为a。4watchingwatch考查动词不定式。此处是用不定式表示目的。故把watching改为watch。5去掉to考查情态动词。would后跟动词原形，故把to去掉。6usme考查代词。此处是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。7I后加was考查固定搭配。be unwilling to do sth意为“不愿意做某事，不情愿做某事”。本文介绍的是过去的情况，故用过去时。所以在unwilling前加was。8
68、for with考查介词。play the games with sb表示“和某人一块玩游戏”，故把for改为with。9arewere考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可知此处要用一般过去时。故把are改为were。10wherewhen考查宾语从句的连接词。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。课时作业.完形填空(2021“超级全能生”高三全国卷乙卷地区联考)When Krishnamurthy was a teenager, he witnessed a pond near his home full of trash. The 1 to the pon
69、d inspired him to become a conservationist.In 2007, Krishnamurthy 2 the EFIa group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India. The team works to 3 the garbage and restores the natural habitats of birds, frogs and native plants, giving wildlife a chance to 4 . Over the last 13 years, EFI h
70、as 5 restoration work on 112 lakes and ponds.EFIs 6 goal is to restore lakes and ponds, but the organizations work benefits Indias water 7 on a small scale, because restoring water body is of great 8 in recharging (补给) groundwater. In fact, groundwater is 9 to India, accounting for 80% of its water
71、supply. 10 overusing water is reducing reserves at a worrying rate. Government is urged to take some measures, but Krishnamurthy believes 11 have a great role to play. Thats why he wants to 12 what he calls water literacy (水文知识) and raise peoples 13 of waters importance in peoples daily lives. He po
72、ints to the fact that groundwater in India is used 14 ， and a lot of it is wasted finally.Currently, EFI is facing a 15 when it comes to handling waste. Up to 95% of the solid waste it 16 from the ponds ends up in landfill. The group is researching on various 17 for reusing and recycling more of the
73、 trash.Despite the challenges, he feels 18 not only for India but for the world. He 19 people to care for the lakes and ponds, and to care for the needs of wildlife. With the right 20 ， everyone can make a difference on our planet.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Krishnamurthy(克里希纳穆尔蒂)看到家附近池塘填满垃圾，于是创建了一个组织去保护湖泊
74、、池塘和野生动物，并且呼吁人们共同努力保护环境。1A.journey BrelationCdamage Dway答案：C句意：对池塘的破坏促使他成为一名环保主义者。journey “旅行”；relation “关系”；damage “损坏”；way “方法，方式”。根据前文“he witnessed a pond near his home full of trash (看到充满垃圾的池塘)”可知，此处指“对池塘的破坏”，故选C。2A.founded BquitCadvertised Drebuilt答案：Afound “建立”；quit “离开，放弃”；advertise “做广告”；reb
75、uild “重建”。根据后文“a group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India”可知，这是他创立的一个组织。故选A。3A.burn BreuseCsort Dremove答案：Dburn “燃烧”；reuse “再次使用，重新使用”；sort “分类”；remove “移除”。根据前文“restores freshwater lakes”和后文“the garbage and restores the natural habitats of birds, frogs and native plants”可知，要恢复鸟、青
76、蛙和本地植物的栖息地，需要移除垃圾。故选D。4A.appear BreturnCplay Dperform答案：Bappear “出现”；return “返回”；play “玩耍”；perform “实施，执行”。根据前文“restores the natural habitats of birds”可知，此处指“给野生动植物一个回归自然栖息地的机会”。故选B。5A.applied for Bgave upCcarried out Dput off答案：Capply for “申请”；give up “放弃”；carry out “实施”；put off “推迟”。根据前文“restores
77、freshwater lakes and ponds across India”可知，这个组织在保护湖泊和池塘，即实施修复工作。故选C。6A.common BprimaryCbig Dproper答案：Bcommon “共同的”；primary “首要的，初级的”；big “大的”；proper “合适的，正确的”。根据前文“the EFIa group that restores freshwater lakes and ponds across India”可知，这个组织的首要目标就是修复湖泊和池塘，故选B。7A.supply BsafetyCtreatment Dpreparation答
78、案：Asupply “供应”；safety “安全”；treatment “治疗”；preparation “准备”。根据后文“In fact, groundwater is 9 to India, accounting for 80% of its water supply.”可知，该组织的工作在小范围内对印度的水供应是有利的。故选A。8A.harm BinterestCquality Deffect答案：Dharm “伤害”；interest “兴趣”；quality “质量”；effect “效应，影响”。根据常识可知，修复水体对补给地下水是有重要作用的。故选D。9A.familiar
79、BattractiveCvital Dhelpful答案：Cfamiliar “熟悉的”；attractive “吸引的”；vital “重要的”；helpful “有帮助的”。根据后文“accounting for 80% of its water supply”可知，地下水占印度供水量的百分之八十，对印度来说很重要。故选C。10A.However BThereforeCInstead DBesides答案：A前文讲述的是修复水体对水供应的有利影响，后文讲到过度用水的不利影响，前后文是转折关系。故选A。11A.members BindividualsCfarmers Dadults答案：Bm
80、ember “成员”；individual “个人”；farmer “农民”；adult “成年人”。根据前文政府采取措施和后文“have a great role to play”可知，他认为个人也能发挥巨大的作用。故选B。12A.learn BexposeCrecord Dspread答案：Dlearn “学习”；expose “暴露”；record “记录”；spread “传播，散播”。根据后文“he calls water literacy (水文知识)”和“raise peoples . of waters importance”可知，此处表示传播知识，让每个人都有水资源的意识。故
81、选D。13A.ability BknowledgeCawareness Dexperience答案：Cability “能力”；knowledge “知识”；awareness “认识”；experience “经历，经验”。根据后文“waters importance in peoples daily lives”可知，此处表示提高人们对水的重要性的认识。故选C。14A.without limit Bon purposeCfor fun Din need答案：Awithout limit “无限制地”；on purpose “故意地，有目的地”；for fun “为了好玩”；in need
82、“在危难中，在穷困中的”。根据后文“a lot of it is wasted finally”可知，此处表示地下水被无限制地使用，导致被浪费。故选A。15A.choice BchallengeCdefeat Dtopic答案：Bchoice “选择”；challenge “挑战”；defeat “失败”；topic “话题，主题”。根据后文“Despite the challenges”可知，此处讲的是处理废物面对的种种挑战。故选B。16A.transports BformsCproduces Dcollects答案：D句意：高达95%的从池塘收集的固体废物最终被送到填埋场。transpor
83、t “运输”；form “组成”；produce “生产”；collect “收集，搜集”。根据前文提到池塘垃圾很多和后文“from the ponds ends up in landfill”可知，此处指“从池塘中收集的垃圾”。故选D。17A.levels BmethodsCanswers Dtypes答案：Blevel “水平”；method “方法”；answer “回答”；type “类型”。根据后文“for reusing and recycling more of the trash”可知，为了重复利用垃圾，小组正在研究一些方法以解决问题。故选B。18A.hopeful Banxi
84、ousCgrateful Dhappy答案：A句意：尽管面临种种挑战，但他不仅对印度，而且对世界都充满希望。hopeful “有希望的”；anxious “焦急的”；grateful “感激的”；happy “高兴的”。故选A。19A.invites BwarnsCforces Durges答案：D根据前文“Krishnamurthy believes 11 have a great role to play”可知，此处表示他呼吁每个人都要关心湖泊、池塘和野生动物。故选D。20A.instructions BoptionsCintentions Djudgments答案：C句意：有了正确的意图
85、，每个人都能对我们的星球有所帮助。instruction “说明书，指导”；option“选择”；intention “意图”；judgment “判断”。故选C。.阅读理解A(2021河南省高三毕业班阶段性测试(一)A relative of starfish doesnt have eyes, but can still see. That information comes from scientists who studied sea creatures in the coral reefs of the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico.The researc
86、hers reported this month that the starfishs relativecalled the red brittle staris only the second creature known to be able to see without having eyes. This ability is call extraocular vision (眼外视觉). The other creature said to have extraocular vision is a kind of sea urchin.Brittle stars, with five
87、arms extending from a central disk, are part of a group of sea life called echinoderms. They have a nervous system but no brain. The red brittle star measures up to about 35 centimeters wide, from the end of one arm to the other. It lives in bright and complex environments. Because of the possibilit
88、y of being eaten by fish, the creature hides during daylight hours.The red brittles star possesses extraocular vision as a result of lightsensing cells, called photoreceptors. These photoreceptors cover its body and chromatophores, the cells responsible for coloring. During the daytime, the chromato
89、phores narrow the field of light being detected, making each photoreceptors like the pixel (像素) of a computer image. When combined with other pixels, the image becomes complete.The visual system doesnt work at night. Laboratory experiments suggested that the brittle stars have very simple vision. Pl
90、aced in a circular environment, for example, they moved toward walls that were white with a black bar, suggestive of all daytime hiding place.Lauren SumnerRooney is a research fellow at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History. She led the study. She said, “Its such a different concept for us
91、, as very visually driven animals, to imagine how an animal might see its habitat without eyes, but now we know of two examples.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现的第二种没有眼睛但却能看清楚东西的海洋生物蛇尾海星的相关信息。1Whats researchers new finding about the red brittle star?AIt is a relative of starfish.BIt lives in the coral re
92、efs.CIt has a very rare ability.DIt is a sea creature.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The researchers reported this month that the starfishs relativecalled the red brittle staris only the second creature known to be able to see without having eyes.”可知，研究人员关于红蛇尾海星的新发现是它有着不用眼睛就能看见东西的能力。故选C。2Whats the authors purpo
93、se in writing Paragraph 3?ATo give reasons why the brittle star has no brain.BTo make a general introduction of the brittle star.CTo stress the role the brittle star plays in the sea.DTo explain why the brittle star keeps a unique lifestyle.答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，蛇尾海星有五条臂从中央延伸出来，是一群叫棘皮类动物的海洋生物中的一员。它们有
94、神经系统，但没有大脑。红海蛇尾海星宽约35厘米，它生活在明亮复杂的环境中。因为有可能被鱼吃掉，这种生物会在白天躲起来。由此可推知，作者写本段主要是为了介绍蛇尾海星的基本情况。故选B。3According to the text, photoreceptors .Aspread on the surface of the red brittle starBfunction normally even in the nighttimeCcontrol the field of light being detectedDserve as cells responsible for coloring答
95、案：A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The red brittle star possesses extraocular vision as a result of lightsensing cells, called photoreceptors. These photoreceptors cover its body (红蛇尾海星拥有视外视觉，这是一种被称为光感受器的感光细胞。这些光感受器覆盖着它的身体)”可知，红蛇尾海星的身体表面遍布光感受器。故选A。4What is the best title for the text?AHow Sea Creature Finds Its Habit
96、at UnderwaterBHow Sea Creatures Visual System WorksCSea Creature Finds New HabitatDSea Creature Sees Without Eyes答案：D标题判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段中的“A relative of starfish doesnt have eyes, but can still see.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种没有眼睛但却能看清楚东西的海洋生物。故选D。B(2022贵州省部分重点中学高三联考)As we all know, Antarctica is surrounded by iceber
97、gs and it is the coldest, driest and windiest continent on the earth. However, the fingershaped piece of ice that recently broke loose from the western side of the Ronne Ice Shelfthe most extensive ice platformsis worthy of a mention. Measuring approximately 105 miles long and 15 miles wide, it cove
98、rs a surface area of 1,660 square miles and is currently the worlds largest iceberg.The massive piece of ice floating in the Weddell Sea was first spotted on May 13, 2021, by Dr Keith Makinson at the British Antarctic Survey and later confirmed by images taken by the European Space Agencys (ESAs) Se
99、ntinelIA satellite. Since the iceberg is located in Antarcticas quadrant A (A象限)the Bellingshausen/Weddell Sea regionand is the 76th one named by the US National Ice Center scientists, it was called A76.Researchers say that periodic (周期性的) calving of icebergs like A76 is a part of an ice shelfs norm
100、al life span and most likely not related to climate change. They conclude that the massive piece will drift (漂移) through the South Atlantic for several years before breaking into smaller pieces and melting. Since the iceberg has already replaced the water it will add to the ocean as it melts, it wil
101、l not contribute to rising sea levels.Though A76 is undoubtedly larger than the existing recordholdera 1,540squaremile iceberg named A23A that is still floating in the Weddell Sea, it is not the biggest iceberg in recorded history. That honor goes to B15, which measured 4,200 square milesabout the s
102、ize of the island of Jamaicawhen it broke off Antarcticas Ross Ice Shelf in 2000.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。南极洲被冰山包围，然而，人们最近发现了从Ronne(朗尼)冰架西侧脱落的冰块。5What can we know about the Ronne Ice Shelf?AIt is like a finger in shape.BIts a very extensive ice platform.CIts the largest iceberg in history.DIts surface area is
103、over 1,660 square miles.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“However, the fingershaped piece of ice that recently broke loose from the western side of the Ronne Ice Shelfthe most extensive ice platformsis worthy of a mention.(然而，最近从Ronne冰架(最广阔的冰平台)西侧脱落下来的手指形状的冰块还是值得一提的。)”可知，Ronne冰架是世界上最广阔的冰平台之一。故选B。6Which of the foll
104、owing can make sure A76 exists?AAntarcticas creatures.BDr Keith Makinsons discovery.CPictures from SentinelIA satellite.DThe US National Ice Center scientists.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The massive piece of ice floating in the Weddell Sea was first spotted on May 13, 2021, by Dr Keith Makinson at the Britis
105、h Antarctic Survey and later confirmed by images taken by the European Space Agencys (ESAs) SentinelIA satellite.(这片漂浮在威德尔海的巨大冰块是英国南极调查局的Dr Keith Makinson(基思梅金森博士)于2021年5月13日首次发现的，随后由欧洲航天局(ESA)的SentinelIA卫星拍摄的图像证实了这一点。)”可知，欧洲航天局(ESA)的SentinelIA卫星拍摄的图像可以证实A76的存在。故选C。7What does the underlined word “ca
106、lving” mean in the third paragraph?ABreaking. BFinding.CDisappearing. DForming.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Researchers say that periodic (周期性的) calving of icebergs like A76 is a part of an ice shelfs normal life span and most likely not related to climate change.(研究人员表示，像A76这样的冰山周期性的崩解是冰架正常寿命的一部分，很可能与气候变化无关。
107、)”可知，此处表示冰架断裂形成冰山。故选A。8What can we infer from the last paragraph?AA76 will become water soon.BA76 is smaller than A23A.CA23A can still be seen now.DB15 can still be seen now.答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Though A76 is undoubtedly larger than the existing recordholdera 1,540squaremile iceberg named A23A that i
108、s still floating in the Weddell Sea, it is not the biggest iceberg in recorded history.(尽管A76冰山无疑比现存的记录保持者1,540平方英里的名为A23A仍漂浮在威德尔海的冰山还要大，但它并不是历史上最大的冰山。)”可知，人们现在还可以看到冰山A23A。故选C。.短文改错(2022山西省8大重点学校联考)When I was a little kid, I dreamed of keeping up a dog. My parents disagreed, say that I was too young
109、 to take care for myself, let alone a dog. I didnt give up. Instead, I tried to be independence and helped with housework. A few months later, my parents found that I had become mature than before. They finally approve of my request. On my eight birthday, they bought me a lovely dog as the gift. Fol
110、lowing my parents direction, Ive learned how to raise the dog. I still miss those days that we accompanied each other.答案：When I was a little kid, I dreamed of keeping a dog. My parents disagreed, that I was too young to take care myself, let alone a dog. I didnt give up. Instead, I tried to be and h
111、elped with housework. A few months later, my parents found that I had become mature than before. They finally of my request. On my birthday, they bought me a lovely dog as gift. Following my parents ， Ive learned how to raise the dog. I still miss those days we accompanied each other.1去掉up考查介词的误用。句意
112、：当我还是个孩子的时候，我梦想养一只狗。keep “饲养”为及物动词，后直接接宾语。故去掉up。2saysaying考查非谓语动词。本句已经有谓语disagreed，所以say为非谓语动词，与主语My parents为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故将say改为saying。3forof考查固定短语。句意：我的父母不同意，说我太小了，不能照顾自己，更不用说养狗了。take care of “照顾”，为固定短语。故将for改为of。4independenceindependent考查形容词。be后接形容词independent构成系表结构。故将independence改为independent。5
113、become后加more考查形容词的比较级。句意：几个月后，我的父母发现我比以前成熟了。根据“than before”可知，此处含比较义，应用mature的比较级more mature。故在become后加more。6approveapproved考查动词的时态。故事描述的是过去发生的事情，所以本句应用一般过去时，与全文时态一致。故将approve改为approved。7eighteighth考查数词。句意：在我八岁生日的时候，他们给我买了一只可爱的狗作为礼物。此处指“第八个生日”，应用序数词。故将eight改为eighth。8thea考查冠词。gift为可数名词，第一次提到，泛指“一个礼物”，且gift的发音为辅音音素开头，应用a。故将the改为a。9directiondirections考查名词。句意：在父母的指导下，我学会了如何养狗。follow ones directions “遵循或听从某人的指导”。故将direction改为directions。10thatwhen考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我仍然怀念我们一起度过的那些日子。定语从句修饰先行词days，引导词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故将that改为when。