1、课下天天练(五)50分阅读提分练姓名_班级_考号_时间：40分钟阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2022沈阳市高三统考InalotofotherstatesinAmerica, warmsunnydaysmeanlazyafternoonsarespentonthebeach.InOregon, peoplepackhikingshoeswiththeirbathingsuits.Hereare3incrediblehikesforyou.CascadeHeadPreserveDi
2、stance: 6.8milesDifficulty: ModerateNearestTown: LincolnCityManagedbytheinternationalnonprofitTheNatureConservancy, theCascadeHeadPreserveisanexcellenthikethattypicallymarksthedivisionbetweenthenorthandcentralOregoncoast.Thereareupperandlowertrailheads (小道的起点), withabout3.4milesoftrailsbetweenthetwo
3、.CapeLookoutDistance: 5milesDifficulty: EasyNearestTown: TillamookOfallthecapes (岬) ontheOregoncoast, CapeLookoutmightbethemostfamous, projecting1.5milesintotheocean.Visitorscantacklethefivemile, roundtriphiketothetipofthecapewheretheycanenjoyseveralincredibleviewsoverthePacificOcean.Separatetrailsl
4、eaddowntoSouthBeachandtheCampground.ClatsopLoopHikeDistance: 3milesDifficulty: EasyNearestTown: CannonBeachThereareseveraltrailsthattraverseTillamookHeadatEcolaStatePark, buttheClatsopLoopHiketakestophonorforitsbreathtakingcliffsideviewsandquietforestedpaths.TaketheseasidetrailfromIndianBeachtotheHi
5、kersCamp, thentaketheforestedpathback.Ifyoureallywanttotakeupthechallenge, youcanalsohikethebacksideofEcolaforanadditional4miles (oneway) toatrailheadattheseaside.1WhichisthedividinglinebetweenthenorthandcentralOregoncoast?ALincolnCity.BCascadeHeadPreserve.CCapeLookout.DCannonBeach.2Whatcanyoudowhil
6、estandingonthetipofthecape?AGocampinginthewild.BGohikingthroughtheforests.CKilltimeonthebeach.DEnjoyviewsovertheocean.3WhatistheClatsopLoopHikefamousfor?AThevastforest.BTheeasyhikes.CTheamazingscenery.DThequietseaside.B2022贵阳市学期监测Aftersixdecades, theanimated (动画的) movieUproarinHeavenisstillconsidere
7、damongthebestinChinesefilmhistory.AdaptedfromhouseholdclassicnovelJourneytotheWestinthe1960s, themovie, featuringtheMonkeyKingfightingwiththeJadeEmperorandhisofficials, hasmadetheheroiccharacteroneofthemostwidelyrecognizedcharactersinChineseculture.Seldomknown, however, wasthelategraphic(绘画的) design
8、erofthecartoon, ZhangGuangyu(19001965), whoseworkhasinfluencedmanywellknownartists, includingthelateYeQianyu (19071995), HuangYongyuandHanMeilin.Inhonorofthe120thanniversaryofZhangsbirth, acollectionofhismajorworks, includingMinjianQingge (FolkLovePoems) andXiyouManji (ComicsonJourneytotheWest) hasb
9、eenpublished.ThereisalsoagroupofmemoirsfromZhangsartistfriendsandoldestson.WhendesigningthecartooncharactersforUproarinHeaven, ZhangborrowedstylesfromtraditionalChinesesculpture, paintedmurals, woodcuts, papercutsandshadowpuppetry.Healsohighlighteddifferentpersonaltraitsofthecharacters, suchastheMon
10、keyKingsinnocence, integrity, courageandwisdomandthefatuity(昏庸)oftheJadeEmperor, accordingtoLiKeruo, oneofthefilmsscreenwriters.Moreover, Zhangscharactersactvividly, showingtheimpactofposture, movement, costumeandatmospherecomingfromPekingOpera.Thesettingsinthecartoon, suchasthepalace, lake, peachga
11、rdenandthefamousHuaguoMountainandShuilianCavebelongingtothemonkeys, wereinspiredbyBuddhistandTaoistarchitecture.ZhangbecameinterestedinwatchingPekingOperaperformerspainttheirfacesbackstageinhischildhood.Themakeupservesasanindicatorofthecharacterspersonalities.4Whatdoestheunderlinedword“late”inthesec
12、ondparagraphmean?AguiltyBdeadCinnocentDfamous5WhywasthecollectionofZhangGuangyusworkspublished?AToperformaplay.BTohonorhim.CToshootafilm.DToearnmoney.6WhatwereZhangscharactersmainlyinspiredby?AThememoirs.BTaoistarchitecture.CHuaguoMountain.DPekingOpera.7Whatisthetextmainlyabout?AAfewfamousChineseart
13、ists.BSomefamousanimatedfilms.CZhangGuangyuandhisworks.DAnewstyleofartinChina.C2022成都市高三摸底测试Asapopularsubjectofstudyamongevolutionaryecologists, thethreespinedstickleback (三刺鱼) isknownfortheirdifferentshapes, sizes, andbehaviourstheycanevenliveinbothseawaterandfreshwater, andunderawiderangeoftempera
14、tures.Butwhatmakesthat?Theresearcherstrackedsixpopulationsofthefishbeforeandafterseasonalchangestotheirenvironment, usinggenomesequencing (基因组测序).Seasonalchangesresultingreatchangesinhabitatstructureandbalanceofsaltandfreshwater, andonlythosefishabletotoleratetheserapidchangessurviveintothenextseaso
15、n.“Thesechangesprobablyresemblethehabitatshiftsexperiencedbysticklebackpopulationsduringthepast10,000years，”saysProfessorBarrett.“Wehopetogaininsightintothegeneticchangesthatmayhaveresultedfromnaturalselectionlonginthepast.”Remarkably, theresearchersdiscoveredtheevidenceofgeneticchangesdrivenbythese
16、asonalshiftsinhabitats, whichmirroredthedifferencesfoundbetweenlongestablishedfreshwaterandsaltwaterpopulations.“Thesegeneticchangesoccurredinindependentpopulationsoverasingleseason, highlightingjusthowquicklytheeffectsofnaturalselectioncanbedetected，”saysProfessorBarrett, “thefindingssuggestthatwem
17、aybeabletousethegeneticdifferencestopredicthowpopulationsmayadapttotheenvironment.”Theresearchemphasizestheimportanceofstudyingspeciesindynamicenvironmentstogainabetterunderstandingofhownaturalselectionoperates.Inthefurtherresearch, theyplantoinvestigatehowrepeatabletheobservedgeneticchangesare, byt
18、estingwhethertheyshowupyearafteryear.Doingsowoulddemonstratetheirabilitytoreliablyforecasttheevolutionaryfutureofthesepopulations.8Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertoinParagraph1 ?AThethreespinedsticklebackisunderawiderangeoftemperatures.BThethreespinedsticklebackispopularwithevolutionaryecologis
19、ts.CThethreespinedsticklebackcanadapttodifferentlivingconditions.DThethreespinedsticklebackhasdifferentshapes, sizes, andbehaviours.9WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?AThedifficultiesoftheresearch.BThepurposeoftheresearch.CThebackgroundoftheresearch.DThemethodsoftheresearch.10Whatisthemainreasonforthethre
20、espinedsticklebackssurvival?AHabitatshifts.BGeneticchanges.CSeasonalchanges.DIndependentpopulations.11Whywillscientistsstudytherepetitionofthegeneticchanges?AToknowwhatnaturalselectionis.BTostudyspeciesindynamicenvironments.CTotestthereliabilityofthepresentdiscoveries.DToforecasttheevolutionaryfutur
21、eofcertainspecies.D2022T8八校高三第一次联考Threepassions, simplebutoverwhelminglystrong, havegovernedmylife: thelongingforlove, thesearchforknowledge, andunbearablepityforthesufferingofmankind.Thesepassions, likegreatwinds, haveblownmehitherandthither, inawaywardcourseoveradeepoceanofanguish, reachingtotheve
22、ryvergeofdespair.Ihavesoughtlove, first, becauseitbringsecstasyecstasysogreatthatIwouldoftenhavesacrificedalltherestofmylifeforafewhoursofthisjoy.Ihavesoughtit, next, becauseitrelieveslonelinessthatterriblelonelinessinwhichoneshiveringconsciousnesslooksovertherimoftheworldintothecoldunfathomablelife
23、lessabyss.Ihavesoughtit, finally, becauseintheunionofloveIhaveseen, inamysticminiature, theprefiguringvisionoftheidealplacethatsaintsandpoetshaveimagined.ThisiswhatIsought, andthoughitmightseemtoogoodforhumanlife, thisiswhatatlastIhavefound.WithequalpassionIhavesoughtknowledge.Ihavewishedtounderstan
24、dtheheartsofmen.Ihavewishedtoknowwhythestarsshine.AndIhavetriedtoapprehendthePythagorean (毕达哥拉斯的) powerbywhichnumberholdsswayabovetheflux.Alittleofthis, butnotmuch, Ihaveachieved.Loveandknowledge, sofarastheywerepossible, ledupwardtowardtheheavens.Butalwayspitybroughtmebacktoearth.Echoesofcriesofpai
25、nreverberateinmyheart.Childreninfamine, victimstorturedbyoppressors, helplessoldpeoplebeingahatedburdentotheirsons, andthewholeworldofloneliness, poverty, andpainmakeamockery (嘲弄) ofwhathumanlifeshouldbe.Ilongtoalleviate (减轻) theevil, butIcannot, andItoosuffer.Thishasbeenmylife.Ihavefounditworthlivi
26、ng, andwouldgladlyliveitagainifthechancewereofferedtome.12Whichwouldbethebesttitleoftheessay?AThesufferingoflife.BThetruthaboutlove.CTheforcesdrivingme.DThepowerofknowledge.13Whatdoestheauthorcomparehislifespassionsto?ATheshiningstars.BGreatwinds.CAbottomlessabyss.DAboundlessocean.14WhichisNOTareaso
27、nwhytheauthorhassoughtlove?AItrelievesloneliness.BItbringsecstasy.CItprovidesaglimpseoftheidealplace.DItleadstoamarriage.15Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?AHeregretsthathecouldnotfreehimselfofpity.BHumanloveisultimatelydisappointing.CTheidealplaceismerelyapoeticinvention.DAlovingpersonnatura
28、llywantstorelievethesufferingofothers.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2022济宁市高三模拟Psychologistshavelongbelievedthathumanbeingshaveafairlyconsistent“negativitybias (消极偏见)”thatleadsustopaymoreattentiontonegativethoughts, feelingsandeventsthantopositiveones. 1 Thereisa
29、positiveexplanationforthequestion.Afterall, wearemotivatedtogrowafteramisstep.However, wecantabandonourselvestothenegativitybiasforever.How? 2PracticePositivity.Likeyourmuscles, yourthoughtpatternsrespondtohowtheyareusedandexercised.Youdonthavetoerasethenegativitybiasfromyourmind. 3 Forexample, setc
30、alendarremindersthroughoutyourdaytoconveyanexpressionofgratitudeorsimplyadjustyourbodylanguagesoyoureholdingyourselfwithstrengthandconfidence.4 Werelivinginatimeofpandemicorfinancialstressanddeepdivision.Ournegativitybiasescallourattentiontowardthoserealities.Butwearewellservedtoalsoseetheopportunit
31、iesinthismoment: Maybetheresahomeprojectweotherwisewouldnthavefoundtimetotackle.AskforPositiveReminders.Getinthehabitofcheckinginwithpeoplewhoarewithyouwhengoodnessfindsyoutoday.Mentiontothem, “Thatisanunexpectedbitofpraisefromtheboss, isntit？” 5 Andwhoknows, youmayhelpyourfriend, familymemberorcowo
32、rkerhaveamorepositivedayaswell!ATrythefollowingsuggestedideas.BRedefinenegativityasanopportunity.CInstead, practiceyourpositivelifestyle.DItsnegativeinfluencecanneverbeavoided.EWhyandhowdoesthisphenomenonhappen?FHowdoyouhandleitasyoutrytolivewithmorepositivity?GAskingotherstoconfirmyourpositiveinsig
33、htscanfacilitateyourpositivity.课下天天练(五)50分阅读提分练第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会社会生活远足地点介绍【语篇解读】本文介绍了俄勒冈州三个富有特色的远足地点，包括距离、难度和最近的市镇等信息。1答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据CascadeHeadPreserve部分中的“theCascadeHeadPreserveisanexcellenthikethattypicallymarksthedivisionbetweenthenorthandcentralOregoncoast”可知，两处的分界线是CascadeHeadPreser
34、ve，故B项正确。2答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据CapeLookout部分中的“Visitorscantacklethefivemile, roundtriphiketothetipofthecapewheretheycanenjoyseveralincredibleviewsoverthePacificOcean”可知，站在岬的顶端，你可以欣赏到海洋风景，故D项正确。3答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据ClatsopLoopHike部分中的“buttheClatsopLoopHiketakestophonorforitsbreathtakingcliffsideview
35、sandquietforestedpaths”可知，ClatsopLoopHike因其壮丽景色而著名，故C项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会文化平面设计师张光宇先生及其作品【语篇解读】张光宇先生是二十世纪六十年代动画电影大闹天宫的平面设计者。在设计大闹天宫的卡通形象时，他借鉴了中国传统雕塑、壁画、木刻、剪纸和皮影戏的风格，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响，他的作品影响了许多著名的艺术家。4答案与解析：B考查理解词汇的能力。根据该句中的“ZhangGuangyu (19001965)”可知，张光宇生于1900年，故于1965年，结合第三段第一句中的“Inhonorofthe12
36、0thanniversaryofZhangsbirth”可以判断，该处表示“已故的平面设计师”，故画线词意为“已故的”，B项正确。5答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第一句可知，为纪念张光宇120周年诞辰，他的主要作品集，包括民间情歌和西游漫记已经出版。故B项正确。6答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段第一句可知，张光宇设计的人物举止生动，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响。据此可知，D项正确。7答案与解析：C考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了平面设计师张光宇及其作品。他是二十世纪六十年代动画电影大闹天宫的平面设计者，他在设计大闹天宫的卡通
37、形象时借鉴了中国传统雕塑、壁画、木刻、剪纸和皮影戏的风格，展现了京剧的姿态、动作、服装和氛围的影响。他的作品影响了许多著名的艺术家。故C项正确。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科学发现三刺鱼通过基因改变适应环境【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了研究人员通过跟踪记录发现，三刺鱼可以在不同的环境中存活是由于其基因改变。8答案与解析：C考查理解词汇的能力。代词一般指代上文中提到的内容，根据语境可知，that指代上文中的“theycanevenliveinbothseawaterandfreshwater, andunderawiderangeoftemperatures”，故C项“它们可以适应不同的生存
38、环境”正确。9答案与解析：D考查理解段落主旨要义的能力。根据第二段中的“研究人员利用基因组测序，在它们生存环境季节性变化前后跟踪记录了6个种群的鱼类”可知，本段主要讲到了研究方法，故D项正确。10答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。根据第四段中的“Remarkably, theresearchers.theseasonalshiftsinhabitats”可推知，三刺鱼之所以能够生存下去，其主要原因就在于为了生存所做的基因改变，故B项正确。11答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的“Doingsowould.theevolutionaryfutureofthesepopulation
39、s”可知，科学家研究基因改变的重复是为了预测未来某些物种的进化前景，故D项正确。D语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自我人生感悟三种激情【语篇解读】本文探讨了影响作者的人生的三种激情：对爱情的渴望，对知识的探求和对苦难的悲悯。12答案与解析：C考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句为全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要分析了影响作者的人生的三种激情。据此可知，C项最能概括全文主题。13答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第二句中的“Thesepassions, likegreatwinds, haveblownmehitherandthither”可知，作者把这
40、三种激情比作狂风，故B项正确。14答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。通读第二段可知，该段论述了作者寻求爱情的三个原因：带来狂喜(第二段第一句中的Ihavesoughtlove, first, becauseitbringsecstasy)，减轻孤独(第二段第二句中的Ihavesoughtit, next, becauseitrelievesloneliness)，让人瞥见理想之地(第二段第三句中的Ihavesoughtit, finally, because.oftheidealplace)。文中没有提及婚姻，故D项符合题意。15答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据第四段尾句“Ilongto
41、alleviate (减轻) theevil, butIcannot, andItoosuffer”可知，作者渴望减少罪恶，但是无能为力；据此可推知，“有爱心的人自然而然地想要减轻别人的痛苦”是作者最有可能赞同的观点，故D项正确。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我意见建议介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议【语篇解读】主要介绍了几条消除消极偏见的建议。1答案与解析：E空格前讲消极偏见导致人们更加关注消极的思想、情感和事情；空格后讲对于这个问题有一个积极的解释。E项“为什么会出现这种现象以及这种现象是怎样出现的呢”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。2答案与解析：A空格前讲然而，我们不能永远沉溺于消极偏见
42、中。那要怎样做呢？空格后提出了几条建议。A项“尝试一下以下的建议”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。3答案与解析：C空格前讲你不需要把消极偏见从你的脑海中抹去；空格后举例说明用积极的态度去面对消极偏见。C项“相反，养成你的积极的生活方式”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。4答案与解析：B空格处为本段小标题。空格后讲我们生活在一个大流行或(有)经济压力和严重分歧的社会。我们的消极偏见会让我们关注这些现实。但我们也很幸运地看到了这一刻的机遇。B项“将消极重新定义为一种机会”统领全段，适合做本段小标题。故选B。5答案与解析：G空格前讲这是来自老板出乎意料的一点表扬，不是吗？空格后讲你也可以帮助你的朋友、家人或同
43、事度过更积极的一天。G项“让别人肯定你的积极见解可以促进你的积极性”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【亮点句积累】Forexample, setcalendarremindersthroughoutyourdaytoconveyanexpressionofgratitudeorsimplyadjustyourbodylanguagesoyoureholdingyourselfwithstrengthandconfidence.(第二段最后一句)译文：例如，每天设置日历提醒以表达感激之情，或者简单地调整肢体语言，以保持你的力量和自信。词汇积累：consistentadj.一致的，连贯的abandonv.抛弃，放纵conveyv.表达，传送tacklev.应付，处理