1、2017高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit 5夯实训练含答案高考题型提能练(五)Unit 5阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours 2 ，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the ra
2、in.Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting)Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scene
3、ry of the betterknown city.Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in
4、Hong Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。1arrived考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。2before/earlier考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。3its考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代
5、词。4that/ which考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/ which。5paintings考查名词的复数。“so many复数名词”为一常用短语。6by考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by交通工具名词”为一固定短语。7is考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。8conducted考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduc
6、t之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by.意为“由所做的”。9regularly考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。10living考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。.阅读理解AAny diet on which you eat fewer calories than you need to get through the day, like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dan
7、gerous. Diets that dont allow any fat also can be bad for you. Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet, up to 30% of total calories, so no one should eat a completely fatfree diet.Dont have diets that restrict certain food groups, either. A diet that requires you to say no to bread or p
8、asta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. You wont get the vitamins and minerals you need. And although you may lose weight, youll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.Some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of wei
9、ght. Others have an area of their lives that they cant control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control, their exercise and food intake (摄入)People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel good. But even
10、tually a person reaches a weight level and doesnt lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight, so they arent any happier.Some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an_extreme_diet for a little while, but then eat tons of food. Feeli
11、ng guilty about the binge, they use laxatives (泻药). Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful to a persons health.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章告诫减肥人群，在减肥的同时务必要保证健康和均衡的饮食，这样才能获得真正的健康。1The reasons why some people start and ke
12、ep dieting DONT include _.Athey think their trouble comes from their weightBthey have a strict parentCother peoples praise when they lose some weightDthere is something they cant control except food intake答案：B细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，A、C、D三项均是人们减肥的原因。B项内容文章没有涉及。故答案选B。2The underlined phrase in the last para
13、graph refers to _.Aa fat free diet Ba special dietCeating too much Deating too little答案：D指代判断题。根据画线短语后“but then eat tons of food”中的“but”可推知，画线部分与其讲述的内容相反，因此“an extreme diet”指的就是“吃得太少”。故答案选D。3Which of the following statements is TRUE?AA person needs about 800 calories each day.BA person who doesnt ea
14、t bread is unhealthy.CAn improper diet may cause eating disorder.DFat takes up the most part of calories inside body.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous”可知，A项表述错误；根据第二段第二句可知，不包括面包的饮食不健康，但并没说不吃面包的人不健康，故B项表述错误；根据第一段最后一句可知，D项表述错误。故答案选C。4According to the passage, when pe
15、ople want to lose weight, they should _.Aavoid eating some food that can lead to being fatBcontrol their eating amount and timesChave a healthy and balanced dietDthrow up some of what they eat答案：C推理判断题。通读全文特别是文章首段内容可知，人们在减肥的同时，还应保证健康和均衡的饮食。故答案选C。B(2016银川一中模拟)As the population of the planet increases
16、, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways. All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted. Humans demand these lights. They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets safer. The problem is that researchers are finding that
17、 all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well.Less than ten years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attractive meteor shower (流星雨). The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic. If I did that
18、today, I wouldnt be able to see the meteor shower as well. Due to the increase in street lights, I would surely be run over by a car.Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. If youve ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you
19、 must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity. The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide.One of the saddest parts of light pollution is that most of it is unnecessary and most of the outdoor light that we use is wast
20、ed. One only needs to look at a row of street lights to see how much of the light shines upwards and lights the sky; a total waste of electricity.Additionally, somewhere electricity needs to be produced, and the production of electricity creates pollution by releasing greenhouse gases. This affects
21、the air we breathe and our quality of life.Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife. Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light. It has been long known that tiny baby sea turtles become lost and f
22、ollow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea.Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect. Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contributions
23、 to light pollution.1.It is implied in Paragraph 3 that the best way to deal with light pollution is _.A.reducing the output of the lightsB.avoiding the use of unnecessary lightingC.educating people about light pollutionD.inventing environmentallyfriendly lights2.Which of the following is the effect
24、 of light pollution?A.Many animals species have died out.B.More traffic accidents happen every day.C.The air we breathe may be polluted.D.It is much easier for us to watch meteor showers.3.What can be inferred from the text?A.We are almost at a loss about how to deal with light pollution.B.Global wa
25、rming results in light pollution in some way.C.Astronauts cant see clearly in space nowadays.D.Some animals use natural light to direct their movements.4.What will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A.Helpful tips for surfing the Internet.B.Approaches to decreasing light pollution.C.B
26、enefits of searching on Google.D.More bad effects of light pollution.1解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中“but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity”可知，所有的照明都会浪费电，因此，为了减少光污染，我们在不需要照明的时候就不应该使用。故选B。2解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，光污染影响我们赖以生存的空气，影响我们的生活质量。故C项正确。根据第六段第二句中“Thousands of birds die each y
27、ear”可知A项错误；B项在文中没有提到；根据第二段倒数第二句可知D项错误。3解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句“It has been long known . towards the sea.”可推知，小海龟在爬向海滩时，误将人造光源当成了自然光源，从而迷失了方向。由此可推知，一些动物是靠自然光源来指引其方向的。故D项正确。4解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，接下来作者会列举一些有助于减少光污染的方法。故选B。CIn the United States alone，over 100 million cellphones are thrown away each yea
28、r.Cellphones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants.The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.A Swiss study reported th
29、at while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste，the concentration(含量)of gold and other precious metals was higher in socalled ewaste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even
30、 when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up
31、 to 100 times more，than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cellphone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装)it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The US. Environment
32、al Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that“the production，distribution，and use of productsas well as management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas release.”Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the startfor instance，buying reusable p
33、roducts and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste.If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products，would they reduce the packaging in the first pla
34、ce?Governments incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap(气泡垫)that encased your television?From the governments point of view，a primary goal
35、of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the producers.文章大意：文章主要讲述了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施。1By mentioning the Swiss study，the author intends to tell us that_.Athe weight o
36、f egoods is rather smallBewaste deserves to be made good use ofCnatural minerals contain more precious metalsDthe percentage of precious metals is heavy in ewaste答案：B推断判断题。结合第二段第一句“Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver.”可知，该段主要讲述电子设备中包含有很多贵重的金属；下文引用瑞士的研究进一步论证电子垃圾中的贵重金属含量
37、比自然矿产中的高。由此可知，作者提及瑞士的研究旨在告诉我们电子垃圾应该得到很好的利用。故正确答案为B。2The responsibility of ewaste treatment should be extended_. Afrom producers to governmentsBfrom governments to producersCfrom individuals to distributorsDfrom distributors to governments答案：B细节理解题。结合文章最后一句“.a primary goal of laws requiring extended
38、producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and taxpayers back to the producers.”可知，电子垃圾的责任应该从政府延伸到生产者。故正确答案为B。3What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe increase in ewaste.BThe creation of ewaste.CThe seriousness o
39、f ewaste.DThe management of ewaste.答案：D主旨大意题。本文从电子垃圾与日俱增这一现象出发，分析了电子垃圾治理的必要性，并对一些国家政府将电子垃圾治理的责任延伸到生产者这一考虑进行评述。由此可知，本文通篇是围绕着电子垃圾治理这一话题展开的。故正确答案为D。 .任务型阅读(2016新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)How to Take Notes in ClassAs you progress from high school to college and into graduate school, youll find that your lectures can
40、 get much more complex. Sometimes its not easy taking notes that make sense the next day. 1._Date your notes.In a perfect world, lecture notes from a single class are kept in a single, dedicated notebook in the correct sequence. But this is the real world! There will be times when you go to biology
41、class (for example), and realize that youve brought the history notebook by accident.2._ _ Also if you ever have to take history notes in your biology notebook be sure to start on a clean sheet of paper, mark the date, and tear it out. Then place the loose sheet in the correct notebook pocket. No po
42、ckets? Staple it in.Ask for a lecture theme get an idea of the big picture.Professors and teachers usually lecture from an outline theyve prepared ahead of time. 3._ But there will be some repetition some days. Dont be afraid to ask your teacher for the topic of the day or the theme of the days lect
43、ure.4._ If you notice that the professor seems to be talking about something youve never heard of before, the teacher might be changing from one topic to another. If you suspect thats happening, just ask: “Are we changing topics？”If you listen carefully, you can usually pattern your own notes accord
44、ing to the teachers own outline. 5._A.Look for code words in the lecture.B.Especially if you listen for changing words.C.There are a few tricks for taking sensible lecture notes.D.They often try to complete one topic, theme, or cycle in an individual lecture.E.Establish the habit of putting the date
45、 at the beginning of each days notes and marking the end of a days notes.F.Any time a teacher writes a word on the board, put a circle around it, underline it, or draw pointy arrows around it.G.Sometimes, teachers will get on a roll and/or get ahead of themselves and move from one theme to another w
46、ithout letting you know.书面表达(2016浙江省重点中学协作体适应性测试)最近，你校的校园网将开通一个英语学习交流博客(blog)。请你根据下面的内容提示，为校园广播站写一篇广播稿，介绍这个博客，并欢迎同学们积极参与。1.时间：2015年6月1日开通；2.目的：促进交流，提高英语水平；3.内容：交流经验，提出问题，参与每周讨论等。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear fellow students, Good news for you！ Thats all.Thank you.高考题型提能练(五).15CEDGB.参考范文：Dear f
47、ellow students，Good news for you! A blog will be opened on the website of our school on June 1, 2015.It aims to help us students to communicate better and improve our English level.The blog serves as an open platform where we can do a lot of things. First of all, we can share efficient learning expe
48、rience here to promote our English study. Secondly, if you have any questions or problems, you are welcome to post them here. And possibly, you will find proper solutions to them with the help of enthusiastic schoolmates.In addition, attracted by interesting topics, we are free to take part in the weekly discussion.I am sure the blog will be of great benefit to our English study.And every one of us is encouraged to visit it.Thats all.Thank you.
