1、重点识记词汇1.affair n.事情，事件 2.widespread adj.广泛的3.reform n.&vt.改革，改良 4.analyse vt.分析analysis n.分析5.stand for是意思，代表；支持 6.publish vt.出版，发行7.incident n.事件，事情 8.arise vi.发生，出现9.blame vt.责怪，归咎于 10.willing adj.愿意的，乐意的11.attempt vt.&n.尝试，试图 12.in favour of支持，赞同13.be linked to/with与相关联 14.defend vt.为辩解；保卫15.cons
2、ist of由组成 16.stand out突出，显眼17.pretend vt.假装 18.respect n.&vt.尊敬，尊重19.disagreement n.意见不一；分歧 20.suitable adj.合适的21 approach n.方法，方式 22.contemporary adj.当代的23.contribution n.贡献，捐助 24.as long as只要ment on发表意见；提出看法 26.help out帮忙做某事；帮助克服困难27.go ahead with开始做；着手干 28.environmental adj.自然环境的29.host n.&vt.主办(
3、国、机构、城市)；主人；主办 30.conclude vt.做出结论；结束31.attitude n.态度，看法attitude to对的态度32.demand vt.要求，请求demand.of向提要求33.application n.申请(书)；应用apply to适用于34.innocent adj.天真无邪的，单纯的；无罪的35.nation n.国家；民族national adj.全国(性)的36.explanation n.解释，说明explain v.解释，说明37.belief n.信仰；信心；信任believe v.相信，信任；认为38.employ vt.雇用unemplo
4、yment n.失业39.evidence n.证明，证据evident adj.明白的，明显的40.announce vt.宣布，宣告announcement n.宣告，宣布；通知41.favour n.赞同；恩惠favourable adj.赞成的；有利的42.encouragement n.鼓励encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的encouraged adj.受到鼓舞的43.advertise vt.为做广告advertisement n.广告44.consideration n.必须考虑的事consider vt.考虑；认为45.harmful adj.有害的harm n.&v.
5、危害，伤害46.faithfully adv.忠实地，真诚地faith n.信任，信仰47.interrupt vt.&vi.打断；打扰interruption n.打断；打扰必背经典句式1.It is likely to be just the name of a company，part of which may be a general location.很可能只是一家公司，其中一部分可能是一个大概的位置。2.AIDS is another problem of great concern so sex education and health care administration a
6、re extremely important.艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题，所以性教育和健康护理机构非常重要。3.However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和服务的。4.According to the research published by Leeds University yesterday，people dont mind bad language on television as long as it is not used
7、 in programmes watched by children.据利兹大学昨天发表的一项研究称，电视中的不良语言，只要不用于儿童节目，人们并不介意。5.No matter what the government says，it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.不管政府说什么，很明显这个飞机场也会对我们的健康有影响。构词记忆replace /rIpleIs/vt.1.替换；取代；更换2.把放回原处resist /rIzIst/vt.1.抗拒；抵抗；抵御2.忍住；vi.抵抗；抵制；抗拒restore /rIst/vt
8、.恢复；使复原；使复位return /rItn/vi.返回；恢复；送还；vt.归还；使恢复；回报；n.C&U返回；归还；回报.词汇与派生A语境填词1Whats more，I am willing(乐意的) to tell you that I am to do some parttime jobs in the summer holiday.2On the other hand，they also suffer from less respect(尊重) and lower pay.3I guess that was the turning point of my attitude(态度) t
9、owards it.4Its impossible for us to satisfy everyones demands(要求)5Smoking is harmful(有害的) to our health.6His encouragement(鼓励) made me become more confident of myself.7He has made great contributions(贡献) to our country.8Students should understand the approach(方法) to communicating with others on pack
10、ing.9The sentry(哨兵) defended(守卫) the gate against sudden attack.10The waste water also creates one of environmental(自然环境的) pollution origins.B用所给词的适当形式填空11Shes waiting patiently in the belief (believe) that hell come back.12When we faced her with all the evidence (evident)，she admitted the crime.13T
11、he judge didnt believe his explanation (explain) that he had stolen the money in order to give it to charity.14There is no doubt that unemployment (employ) has caused damage both to individuals and to communities.15If you want to sell your old sofa，you can put an advertisement(advertise) in the loca
12、l newspaper.16They began shooting immediately after the announcement (announce). 17All attempts (attempt) to control the spread of the disease have failed.18We considered (consideration) that the young man was not guilty.19He was honored for his bravery(brave) and honesty as well as his strong suppo
13、rt of just causes.20She made a favorable (favor) impression on us.21Do you remember him pretending(pretend) to be his father on the phone?22A number of high buildings have arisen(arise) where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.短语运用A用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空stand for, consist of，stand out，be linked to/wi
14、th，come down to，demand.of，go ahead with，apply to，comment on ，help.out23.Similarly，you are representing your blog every time you comment on another blog.24UN stands for the United Nations.25But，just what does a properly balanced diet consist of?26While she was away，he went ahead with the work and got
15、 a lot done.27You should pay great attention to the centre who stands out in the French team.28What it comes down to is whether we stay here or leave.29He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him.30He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.31More and more mobiles
16、 are likely to be linked to/with the Internet. 32Scientific discoveries are often applied to industrial production.B用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空as long as, attitude to，in favour of，in detail33.I will discuss it in detail later in this article.34Some are in favour of it；some are against it.35I will cooperate as l
17、ong as I am notified on time.36Peoples attitudes to failure，however，vary greatly from person to person.经典句式37It is likely to be cold in November.十一月可能会冷起来。38You can make it so long as you work hard.只要你努力工作，你会取得成功。39All my friends do not study well.Not all my friends study well.我的朋友并不是个个都学习好。40No mat
18、ter what problem it is，Ill work it out by myself.无论它是什么样的问题，我将自己解决。41It was after I went abroad that I found English was of great importance.在我出国后我才发现英语很重要。1应试指导(1)虚拟语气的考查(2)写作经典句式as demanded(3)写作高级词汇demandingdemand (of sb.) to do.要求(某人)做demand doing/to be done需要demand that.(should) do.要求satisfy/mee
19、t ones demands满足某人的需求on demand一经要求,in demand需要make demands of对提出要求demanding adj.要求高的；需要高技能(或耐性等)的；苛求的First，science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China.首先，在中国对理科毕业生的需求比文科毕业生大。(安徽书面表达)This check is payable on demand.这是见票即付的支票。特别提醒demand作动词时，后可接名词、不定式和从句作宾语，但不可跟sb.to do结构；后接that从句时，
20、从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“(should)动词原形”。夯实基础语法填空(1)Strike workers demanded to see (see) the manager.(2)My demand is that the information referred to in my report be emailed (email) to Mr.Brown without delay.(3)He found he could no longer cope with his demanding (demand) job.2应试指导口头通知常用词汇It is announced that.据
21、称；据宣布announce to sb.sth./that.向某人宣布announcement n.宣布，宣告；声名make an announcement下通知；宣布It was announced that new speed restrictions would be introduced.据宣布，将有新的限速规定出台。She was planning to announce her engagement to Peter.她正计划宣布她和彼得订婚一事。特别提醒announce后不跟双宾语，即不能说announce sb.sth.，可以说announce to sb.sth.。类似不接双
22、宾语的动词还有：explain，say，report，describe，suggest，mention，express等。夯实基础语法填空(1)Attention，please！I have an announcement to make (make).(2)It has been announced (announce) already that the meeting is put off.3应试指导(1)后跟同位语从句时连接词的考查(2)写作高分句式：It is evident that.多词一义evident，obvious，cleargather evidence收集证据eviden
23、t adj.清楚的；明显的It is evident that.很显然Before making his decision，the judge heard the evidence.法官听取证词后才作决定。It has now become evident to us that a mistake has been made.我们已经清楚出了差错。夯实基础(1)语法填空Many people see the use of “dama” as evidence that the more advanced a country becomes, the more influential its l
24、anguage is.His intention was not evident to me.Evidently(evident)，you are wrong.(2)Evidently，practice is important for everybody.It is evident that practice is important for everybody.(改为含有主语从句的复合句)4 blame v.把归咎于，责怪，指责(say or think sb.is responsible for)；n.过失；责任(responsibility)；责备，指责应试指导be to blame主
25、动表被动的用法blame sb.for.因而指责某人；把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上Everybody knows that he is supposed to be to blame for this.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。The president put the blame completely on
26、his opponent.总统把责任完全推给了他的对手。词义辨析blame，charge，accuse(1)blame责备，谴责；归咎于，归罪于。常用于blame sb.for sth.因某事指责某人；blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人。(2)charge控告；谴责。常用于charge sb.with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。(3)accuse控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。夯实基础(1)语法填空It is obvious that you are to blame for the acc
27、ident.She was said to have been charged with drunken driving.I was told that he was accused of murder.(2)他把考试失败归咎于老师。(一句多译)He blamed the failure of his exam on the teacher. (blame.on)He blamed the teacher for the failure of his exam. (blame.for)He put/laid the blame for the failure of his exam on th
28、e teacher. (blame n.)5应试指导作为高级词汇替换tryattempt to do/at doing.尝试(试图)做make an attempt to do/at doing.尝试做make an attempt on ones life企图谋杀某人at ones first attempt第一次尝试in an attempt to do sth.试图做某事；希望做某事The only time that we attempted to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.只有在费城那次我们曾试着做那
29、样的事。It was one of his rare attempts at humor.那是他极不常见的想要表现幽默的一次。夯实基础(1)语法填空I passed my driving test at the first attempt.Someone has made an attempt on the presidents life.He attempted to escape(escape) from the prison，but he couldnt find anybody to help him.(2)他们试图攀登那座小山。(一句多译)They made an attempt t
30、o climb that hill. (attempt n.)They attempted to climb that hill. (attempt v.)6多词一义defend，guard，protect，in defence ofdefend sb./sth.from/against sb./sth.保护某人(物)免受伤害；保卫某人(物)defend oneself against sth.为自己辩护defence n.防卫，保卫；辩护in defence of保卫；为辩护Every man who could fight was now committed to defend the r
31、idge.每个能够参加战斗的男子现在都决心要保卫这条山脊。Police chiefs strongly defended police conduct against a wave of criticism.针对批评的浪潮，警察局长们极力为警方的行为进行辩护。夯实基础(1)语法填空He made a long speech defending (defend)his views from objections.They defended themselves against being attacked (attack).The best defence (defend)is a good o
32、ffense.(2)He has hired a lawyer to defend him against his action.He has hired a lawyer in his defence against his action.(用defence改写句子)7in the process of在过程中in the process在进行中speed up the process加速进程The house is still in the process of being built.房子还在建设中。Will you describe the process of building a
33、boat?你能描绘一下造船的步骤吗？特别提醒process表示做某事的方法或程序，其后可接of/for doing sth.，但一般不接不定式。夯实基础语法填空(1)Actually you can make learning English a process，where you can not only learn much knowledge but also interesting cultures.(2)The museum is in the process of being restored(restore) these days.8应试指导后跟非谓语动词不同时态的考查prete
34、nd to do/to be doing/to have done假装要/正在/已经做了某事pretend to beadj./n.假装是pretend that.假装I pretend that things are really okay when theyre not.当情况不好的时候我假装一切顺利。He pretended to be friendly to us.他假装对我们友好。夯实基础(1)语法填空Dont pretend to understand(understand) when you dont.When his mother came in，he pretended to
35、 be studying(study).He pretended to have known(know) the answer to the problem already.She would open a book，pretending(pretend) to read，with tears dropping on the open page.(2)将下列复合句改为简单句She pretended that she was reading a book.She pretended to be reading a book.He pretended that he had known the
36、news.He pretended to have known the news.9应试指导人物类写作高频词汇have/show respect forpay respect to尊敬；尊重give/send respect to sb.向某人问候in some respects在某些方面in respect ofwith respect to关于，就来说respectable adj.值得尊敬的respectful adj.表示敬意的Consequently，those who do those most insignificant jobs should get respect as mu
37、ch as those being engineers or teachers.所以，那些从事最微不足道工作的人应该得到同工程师和教师一样的尊重。(广东读写任务)His work is good in respect of quality but bad in respect of quantity.他的工作质量好但数量不够。夯实基础用respect的短语填空(1)We often show respect for our leader，who is always showing a great deal of concern for us.(2)I am writing in respect
38、 of the complaint you made last week.(3)In some respects I dont agree with you completely.10 approach v.靠近，接近(draw near)；走近；接洽；n.方法(means)；接近；通道；路径(path，road)；接洽；建议应试指导作为高级词汇替换come nearan approach to.(做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近at the approach of在快到的时候be approaching 快到了(just) around/round the corner(时间上)临近地，马上
39、，快要；(距离上)紧邻地，很近地When I approached，they grew silent.当我走近时，他们就不说话了。I like her approach to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。夯实基础(1)With the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.With the time for graduation just around the corner，we are busy with our papers.(用corner短语改写句子)As the time for
40、 graduation is approaching/drawing near，we are busy with our papers. (用as引导时间状语从句改写句子)(2)When we approached the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.Approaching the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(用现在分词短语作时间状语改写句子)11interrupt sb./sth.打断某人(事)i
41、nterruption n.妨碍，打断，中断without interruption不间断地Dont interrupt us；its rude.别打断我们的谈话，这是很不礼貌的。Im sorry to interrupt you，but could you tell me the way to the hospital?对不起，打扰了，你能告诉我去医院怎么走吗？夯实基础The telephone rang and interrupted her train of thought.The telephone rang，interrupting her train of thought.(用现在
42、分词短语作结果状语改写句子)1多词一义(1)represent，stand for，be on behalf of(2)stand，put up with，bear，toleratestand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持stand out突出stand doing/to do容忍做as it stands照此情况，照这个样子from where I stand以我的观点(立场)In China，these knots stand for friendship，love and good luck.在中国，这些结代表着友谊、爱情和好运。(新课标全国书面表达)Please remember Il
43、l stand by you whatever happens.请记住，无论如何，我都会支持你。夯实基础(1)选择方框内的短语填空How can you stand by and see him accused of something he didnt do?The new road sign is easy to read；the words stand out well.I disagreed fundamentally with what the party stood for.(2)语法填空As it stands，it will be in our favor.You dont s
44、eem to know where you stand.From where I stand，his career seems to take off soon.2多词一义in favor of，be for，argue for，vote for，support，stand byask a favor of sb.求人帮一个忙do a favor for sb.do sb.a favor帮某人一个忙in ones favor对某人有利out of favor失宠的；不流行的The exchange rate is in our favor for the time being.汇率暂时对我们有
45、利。夯实基础(1)Fortunately，the situation is in our favor(形势对我们有利) at the moment，so we are sitting on top of the world.(2)Was he in favor of or against the plan(支持还是反对这个计划)?3多词一义consist of，be composed of，be made up ofconsist in(lie in)在于；存在于consistent adj.前后一致的，始终如一的be consistent with与一致的；符合的His breakfast
46、consists of dry bread and a cup of tea.他的早餐由不涂黄油的面包和一杯茶组成。Good service consists in punctuality and dependability.良好的服务在于守时与可靠。特别提醒consist of不使用被动语态和进行时。夯实基础(1)This club consists of eight members.This club is made up of eight members.(用be made up of改写句子)This club is composed of eight members.(用be com
47、posed of改写句子)(2)Change 3 consists of a lander and a moon rover called “Yutu” and now has landed on the moon in midDecember 2013.Change 3，consisting of a lander and a moon rover called “Yutu”，has landed on the moon in midDecember 2013.(用现在分词短语作定语改写句子)4ahead adv.在前方，向前方；领先，在之前ahead of在前面；领先；早于ahead of
48、 time提前,ahead of ones time超越某人那个时代go ahead前进；着手；进行；去做吧；开始吧get ahead成功；出人头地You are already ahead of schedule.你已经比进度表提前很多了。If so，you are ahead of the game.如果是的话，你已经领先这个游戏。夯实基础翻译句子(1)我们前面有一条河。(用倒装句)Ahead of us lies a river.(2)他在班上总是遥遥领先。He is always well ahead of the rest of the class.1 However，not all
49、 advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和服务的。not all.all.not表示部分否定，也称半否定。,具有总括意义的代词(each，everybody，everything，all，both等)、形容词(complete，whole等)和副词(completely，always，wholly，altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no
50、more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。All my friends do not study well.Not all my friends study well.我的朋友并不是个个都学习好。Everything is not right.并非什么都好。夯实基础把下列半否定的句子改为全否定(1)Not everything she did pleased him.Nothing she did pleased him.(2)Both of them are not my brothers.Neither of them is my brother.(3)I
51、 do not remember all the formulas.I remember none of the formulas.(4)She is not always excited.She is never excited.2 According to the research published by Leeds University yesterday，people dont mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in programmes watched by children.据利兹大学昨天发表的一项
52、研究称，电视中的不良语言，只要不用于儿童节目，人们并不介意。as/so long as只要，引导条件状语从句。as long as还可译为“长达，和一样长久”。as far as远至；就来说as well as和一样好；不但而且；也as soon as一就In our life we may meet many failures；as long as we try our best，theres no need feeling regret for these failures.生活中我们可能遇到许多失败，但只要我们尽了力，就没有必要为失败而后悔。(湖南书面表达)夯实基础(1)What are
53、 you going to do this afternoon?Ill probably go for a walk later on so/as long as it stays fine(只要天一直好的话).(2)Ill tell him the news as soon as he comes back(他一回来).(3)As far as I know(据我所知)，he is a man to be depended on.(4)He makes films as well as he acts(他不仅演电影).3 At the last minute，he jumped out of
54、 the truck，hurting his ankle.最后时刻，他从卡车上跳了出来，伤着了脚踝现在分词(短语)作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”，这种分词的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子；逻辑主语为前边的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。不定式(短语)作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。The child fell，striking his head against the door.小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。He hurried to the bus stop，only to find the bus had left.他匆匆地去了车站，结果发现车已离开
55、。夯实基础(1)语法填空A number of new machines were introduced from abroad，resulting in an increase in production.Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only to find(find) it didnt fit.(2)A number of new machines were introduced from abroad，which resulted in an increase in production.
56、(将上题句改为复合句)4 单元语法语法填空(1)The church tower which is being restored (restore) will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.(2)In the spoken English of some areas in the US，the “r” sound at the end of the words is dropped (drop).(3)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the mo
57、neymaking jobs they have been promised (promise) before leaving their hometowns.(4)Its no use crying (cry) over spilt milk.(5)Reading (read) English every day is a good way to improve English.(6)My favorite sport is skiing (ski).(7)The little boy admitted breaking (break) the window.(8)He is invited
58、 to give an opening (open) speech for the conference.高考题组.语法填空(2012广东)Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day，16.wearing(wear) sunglasses.He walked in as if he17.had bought(buy) the school.And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.
59、For some reason he sat beside Mary.Mary felt18.pleased(please)，because there were many empty seats in the room.But she quickly realized that it wasnt her，it was probably the fact that she sat in19.the last row.20.Although/Though he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back，he was wron
60、g.It might have made it a little21.harder (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around，but that didnt stop the kids in the class.Of course whenever they turned to look at him，they had to look at Mary，22.which made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？”
61、 the teacher asked.The new boy shook his head.“Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class.I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.”The new boy looked at the teacher23.for a few seconds and all the other students wondered24.what the boy would do.Then he took25.them off，gave a b
62、ig smile and said，“Thats cool.”.写作常用句翻译1.而且，我想让你帮我一个忙。(favor)(2013新课标全国书面表达)Also，Id like you to do me a favor.2.我们才能理解或记住老师要求我们掌握的知识。(demand)(2013四川书面表达)We can understand or remember the knowledge which the teachers demand of us to master.3.随着教师节的临近，我们班今年要变化一下庆祝的方式，通过举办一次晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。(approach)(2012
63、陕西书面表达)As Teachers Day was approaching，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.4.图画中，小河的一边立着一棵结满果实的树。(stand)(2011北京开放作文)In the picture，there stands a tree full of fruits on one side of the stream.5.他们相信下次只要我更加努力学习我就能成功。(as long as)(2010广东读写任务)They beli
64、eve I can succeed next time as long as I work harder.模拟题组.语法填空1.Good families are much to all their members，but everything to none.2.Understanding (understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.3.He got up late and hurried to
65、 his office，leaving (leave) the breakfast untouched.4.Care of the soul is a gradual process in which even the small details of life should be considered.5.George returned after the war，only to be told (tell) that his wife had left him.6.Ones life has value as long as one brings value to the life of
66、others.7.At the meeting they discussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics.8.Mum，I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I get paid (pay) on Friday.9.Actually you can make learning English a process，where you can not only learn much knowledge but also interesting
67、cultures.10.Which of the two computer games did you prefer? Actually I didnt like either of them.单句改错1.He managed to climb over the wall，but failed.managedattempted或tried2.The accused employed a lawyer in defence for him.forof 3.Frankly speaking，I am not in favor to your plan.toof4.We are very grate
68、ful to the scientist，who has made great contributions for the space development program.forto5.They were very happy that they finished the task ahead time.ahead后加上of6.It delighted us most was that we still had a lot of time left.ItWhat7.He explained us why he was late for the meeting.explained后加上to8
69、.To our delight，the result is encouraged.encouragedencouraging9.Londons name had announced twice before，in 1908 and 1948，so it now has the distinction of being the first city to host the event three times.announced前加上been10.The church tower which is restored will be open to tourists soon.The work is
70、 almost finished.第一个is后加上being.写作句式升级训练1.I will do well in whatever I do.(素材来源于2014新课标全国书面表达)No matter what I do，I will do a good job.(用让步状语从句及相关高级词汇改写句子)2.Today，more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language.(素材来源于2014江苏书面表达)Nowadays，an increasing number of English words find
71、their way into the Chinese language.(用相关的高级词汇改写句子) (一).阅读理解For Canadians，backpacking Europe is a special ceremony signifying a new life stage.Unlike package tours，backpacking is a struggle，full of discovery and chance connections.It is about focusing on something different from our own lives and los
72、ing ourselves in a new world，if only for a moment.Well，thats what backpacking Europe is supposed to do.Thats what it used to do before modern communications，social media，and commercial hostelling(旅社)Older Canadians would not recognize the Europe that they backpacked in the 1960s,1970s and even the 1
73、980s.Far from a rough adventure into foreign cultures，the European experience has been shattered in part by todays technology.A few years ago，I took my then 60yearold father on a backpacking trip across part of Europe and Turkey.As he is an experienced traveler and someone who possesses a strong sen
74、se of adventure，I decided that wed travel on a budget，staying in hostel dorms.For him，backpacking through Europe in 1969 was about independence and struggle.But two things surprised him at the end of our journey.First was how technologybased backpacking had become：Young people were so directly conne
75、cted to home that they were hardly away in any meaningful sense.Second，the lack of connections we made with locals.Instead of making us feel closer to a place，he found commercial hostelling actually made us more alienated.But there was some room for hope.While technology takes our attention away fro
76、m the beauty and history before us，there were also ways in which it helped us to connect with our surroundings.Websites like Airbnb have made it easier to stay with enthusiastic locals.CouchSurfing helps organize meetups between locals and travelers.The online marketplace Dopios offers a chance to m
77、eet locals through enjoyable experiences like a personalized city tour.Backpacking can never be the way it was for our parents generation.But doing a little study of history and culture before leaving，and bravely getting rid of any electronic devices while traveling，will help give young travelers a
78、taste of the glory days.1The underlined word “shattered” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “ ”Abroadened BrelivedCruined Dacquired答案C解析词义猜测题。根据下一段中描述的科技对欧洲背包旅行的负面影响可以推断shattered为“破坏”之意。2After the recent backpacking trip in Europe，the authors father finds .Abackpackers connect less with locals than
79、beforeByoung people dislike getting in touch with their familyCa hostel is a nice place for travelers to meet each otherDbackpacking in Europe becomes more difficult than before答案A解析细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句“Second，the lack of connections we made with locals.”可知，作者的父亲发现，与过去相比，如今，背包旅行者和当地人之间的联系变少了。3Whats the a
80、uthors attitude towards technology?ANegative. BObjective.CUncertain. DUninterested.答案B解析作者态度题。作者在第二段和第三段叙述了科技对背包旅行的不良影响，但是在第四段，笔峰一转，提出“But there was some room for hope.”，接着谈了科技对旅行有利的一面。综合来看，作者对科技的态度是比较客观的。4The text mainly discusses the relationship between .Aadventures and culturesBtechnology and tr
81、avelingCyoung people and their familyDCanadian travelers and Europeans答案B解析主旨大意题。综览全文，作者主要谈论的是科技对旅行的影响。文中的the European experience.by todays technology及technologybased backpacking是解题的线索。.阅读填空Summer safety tips for childrenSummer is a time for having fun in the sun！Children should be able to have fun
82、but they should also be safe.Here are some helpful tips all parents should discuss with their children.Never talk to strangers 5 If someone suspicious(可疑的) that they dont know comes up to them，they should immediately either run away if they are alone or go somewhere where there are other people.Keep
83、 cool in the heatIf your children must be outdoors in extreme heat，make sure that activities should be limited to 15 minutes. 6 Remember to ask them to drink some every 20 minutes even if they do not feel thirsty.Water safetyFor children who cannot swim，they should not go into the deep area of the w
84、ater.And they should also play at places where there are lifeguards.This way if something were to happen，they would have someone there to help them. 7 Bike safety 8 Remember to ask your children to be careful in the street，sidewalk and even the driveway of your home.They need to be taught never to r
85、ide a bike out into the street without first looking for cars，and never into the street from behind a parked car，or from in the between two parked cars. 9 Children can be easily persuaded into experimenting with drugs and alcohol(酒)at a young age.Summer time gives them more time to stay with their f
86、riends who may offer them drugs or alcohol.Remember to tell your children the terrible health effects they have on their body.ALearn to read peopleBStay away from themCRiding can be fun but also dangerous.DOf course，water is necessary for them.EChildren should never be in a pool alone，anyway.FThe In
87、ternet will be an educational tool for children.GTell your children not to talk to anyone they dont know.答案5.G6.D7.E8.C9.B.短文改错I can never forget the day then I went to have a piano test.Unluckily，an examiner who appeared rather serious and strict was sitting in the room.Known that many students had
88、 failed the test，I felt too nervous that I wondered whether I could pass it.Then it was my turns and my heart almost skipped a beat.However，when entering the room，it suddenly occurs to me that I could take this as a rare and precious chance to challenge me.Very to my surprise，the teacher，satisfying
89、with my performance，gave me high marks.Whatever we face with，we should try our best to handle it.Only doing this can we succeed in the end.答案I can never forget the day 或 then I went to have a piano test.Unluckily，an examiner who appeared rather serious and strict was sitting in the room. that many s
90、tudents had failed the test，I felt nervous that I wondered whether I could pass it.Then it was my and my heart almost skipped a beat.However，when entering the room，it suddenly to me that I could take this as a rare and precious chance to challenge . to my surprise，the teacher， with my performance，ga
91、ve me high marks.Whatever we face with，we should try our best to handle it.Only doing this can we succeed in the end.书面表达假设你是李华，是伦敦一所学校的交换生，上周你去当地一家商店准备买一款新相机，但在询问该相机的情况时，售货员的服务态度很差，这与电视广告的宣传相差甚远，请你就此事给店主写一封投诉信。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3信的开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Sir or Madam，I want to inform you
92、 of the terrible service I received in your store. Yours faithfully，Li Hua参考范文Dear Sir or Madam，I want to inform you of the terrible service I received in your store.I visited your store last week to purchase a new camera.The salesman was very rude and refused to answer my questions about the camera
93、 I chose.I do not consider it unreasonable to ask for information about something I want to buy.Your advertisements on television state that you always provide quality customer service.However，the salesman is not a good example.Of course，I did not buy the camera in the end.I look forward to receivin
94、g your explanation for your employees behavior.I hope you will prevent this from happening again.Yours faithfully，Li Hua(二).阅读理解ASome people view a bad situation as a disaster.Its not.Its an opportunity.Once your old world collapses，you can recover and rebuild.Now you have the chance to start fresh
95、and do things more intelligently.I built my first business on an unstable structure.I kept it going for years，but the business collapsed last year.I had to leave my office，selling off all the furniture and equipment.I got kicked out of my apartment because I couldnt pay the rent.I couldnt pay my bil
96、ls or debt.I declared bankruptcy.For years there was the worry that this might happen if I didnt keep straining to keep the business going.And my worries were right.What I worried would happen did happen.But you know what？Going through that experience wasnt really so bad.It was interesting.Some of i
97、t was actually pretty easy.Throughout most of it，I felt increasing relief and a renewed sense of freedom and possibility.All the old baggage was gone.No more office.Fewer possessions.Fewer obligations.No more debt.Most of all，no more straining.Life became a lot easier.I got a cheaper and smaller apa
98、rtment.I became debtfree.I learned to live within my means.Those were actually good things.The others were just feelings.The reality wasnt actually painful.After that，I kept going with the same business but completely changed the business model.I avoided the earlier mistakes，and that business recove
99、red just fine and worked great.It was profitable every year from then on.But I had to go through the collapse first to reach that point.If youve been feeling out of control with your current work or lifestyle，and youre currently straining to keep it going，consider letting go.Try allowing the old wor
100、ld to collapse.Many or all of your fears and worries might actually come to pass，but thats okay.You dont have to keep the old world alive.If it keeps falling apart on you，let it collapse.Experiencing the collapse isnt as bad as fearing the collapse.1The author regards the collapse of the old world a
101、s an opportunity to .Abury ourselves in the disasters and then recover ourselvesBsum up the failures and make up for the mistakesCturn to others for help to save ourselvesDget a new world started in better ways答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now you have the chance to start fresh and do things more intelligently
102、.”可知，在作者看来，旧世界的崩溃意味着新世界的重建，也是更明智地做事的开始。2In the authors opinion，the old baggage included .Athe unstable structure of his former businessBthe furniture and the equipment of his officeChis real possessions and the invisible pressuresDthe freedom and possibility of refreshing himself答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“N
103、o more office.Most of all，no more straining.”可知，作者心中的旧包袱不仅仅包括了现实中看得见的一些东西，还包括了自己心中的无形压力。3What did the author do after his business failed last year?AHe cleverly transformed his business model.BHe started another completely different business.CHe stayed at home to recover.DHe paid off the debts and l
104、ived a simple life.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“After that，I kept going with the same business.and that business recovered just fine and worked great.”可知，作者在去年生意失败之后，还是从事老本行，只是完全改变了生意模式，避免了以往的错误。4According to the author，when our work or life is out of our control，we can .Akeep straining and go on with deter
105、minationBset it free or just let it completely break downCkeep it alive with the courage to change it againDprevent it from falling apart on us答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的前两句话可知，作者建议大家，如果生活和工作实在无法掌控，就不要强求，要学会从容放弃。BYou dont need to be a social scientist to know there is a gender diversity problem in technolog
106、y.The tech industry in Silicon Valley and across the nation is greatly maledominated.The conventional wisdom about why there are so few female coders (编程人员) usually points a finger at disparities (不平等) in the talent pool，which is linked to disparities in tech education.In fact，starting as early as a
107、dolescence，girls and boys often choose different academic paths.When the time comes for young people to go into engineering schools，serious gender disparities become visible.A new study by sociologist Crumb offers an interesting new perspective on this divide.“What we find is that there are many sch
108、ools where boys and girls take high school physics at the same rate，” Crumb said.“And that there are many other schools where more girls actually take physics than boys.When you look at the total number，you see a pattern where boys are taking physics more than girls，but there is a lot of variation a
109、round that.”There are some obvious things that could cause those variations.If parents of some kids are highly educated，they might push their daughters to take tough courses in high school.Wealthy families might be able to afford tutoring，or have one parent stay home to help kids with homework.But w
110、hen Crumb controlled for those and other possibilities，she found one reason remained：“What we found is that in communities that had a higher percentage of women in the labor force who are working in science，technology，engineering and math，girls were as likely as boys to take physics，or even more lik
111、ely.”“If I am a young woman growing up in a community or culture like that，then thats what I see as，Well，this is what I am expected to do，” Crumb said.“But if no one around me is doing those things，its hard for me to even consider that possibility.”5People often blame the gender diversity in tech on
112、 .Athe difference in tech educationBthe difference in characteristicsCthe difference in engineering schoolsDthe difference in hightech firms答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The conventional wisdom about why there are so few female coders(编程人员) usually points a finger at disparities(不平等) in the talent pool，which i
113、s linked to disparities in tech education.”可知，人们普遍认为这种性别的差异与人才库，即技术教育的不平等有关，因此选A。6What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe country. BThe pattern.CThe question. DThe divide.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话中的“When you look at the total number，you see a pattern where boys are taking physi
114、cs more than girls”可知，画线词that指的是前面提到的a pattern，即“男孩比女孩更多地选修物理”这个结构，故选B。7From what Crumb said in the last paragraph，we can infer .Aits hard for girls to choose their own jobsBgirls are expected to do some traditional jobsCthe environment affects girls choosing majorsDthere are fewer job choices for g
115、irls to make答案C解析推理判断题。结合最后一段中的“growing up in a community or culture like that”和“no one around me is doing those things”可知，周围的环境会影响女孩子们的专业选择，故选C。8Which of the following might be the most suitable title for the passage?AWhen Are Girls Likely to Take Physics Willingly?BWhat Causes Women to Avoid the T
116、ech Industry?CHow Can Girls Be Absorbed in Physics at School?DWhy Arent More Girls Attracted to Physics?答案D解析标题归纳题。本文开篇指出了在科研领域男性占主导地位的事实，后又通过研究指出了周围的环境对女孩专业选择的影响，故D项符合主题。.完形填空As a child I lived in a narrow house with five floors.Half my youth was 9 in running up and down the staircase and I have be
117、en a devoted stairclimber ever since.The only place where I 10 take the stairsunless I am going only one flooris in the office.You could say this is because I am too busy climbing a 11 ladder to have any strength left for an actual one，but 12 it is because the long hours sitting still in front of a
118、screen sap(耗尽) my 13 to expend and energy at all.Yet a couple of weeks ago， 14 by a friend，I started walking up the 80 stairs to the office canteen，making the 15 several times a day in search of coffee，chocolates and Diet Cokes.I have been 16 for this in various ways.First，it is usually 17 ：55 secon
119、ds compared with about 70 in the lift，assuming a couple of stops on the way.Second，it 18 you feeling agreeably smug(得意的)Third，it is a less stressful way of having chance to 19 colleagues.In the lift you are forced into a stressful exchange，while on the stairs you smile and 20 moving.Most important o
120、f all，it drags you out of your torpor(死气沉沉)Here，at last，is something that is good for you but that has none of the 21 of most healthy things.It does not taste bad or 22 special clothing；it is not inconvenient，expensive or 23 ；it does not require any skill or courage.Yet despite these 24 ，stairs in o
121、ffices are usually 25 of walkers.Instead，they are mainly used as a hiding place，a place for phoning your bank，shouting at your builder or exchanging topsecret gossip.I really dont know why they 26 to take stairs.In my opinion，if companies really want to get people using the stairs，something stronger
122、 is 27 like putting half the lifts out of service， 28 the strong people to walk.9A.wasted BinvolvedCspent Dexperienced答案C解析孩提时代，作者住在一栋有五层的狭窄楼房中，有一半的青春是在楼梯间上上下下中度过的(spend)。10A.often BoccasionallyCfrequently Dnever答案D解析除非去的地方只有一层楼，否则“我”唯一从来不爬楼梯的场所是在办公室。11A.virtual BchallengingClong Dvisual答案A解析此处与后面的a
123、n actual one相对应。句意为：你可能会说，这是因为我忙着攀登职场虚拟的阶梯，而没有精力爬现实中的楼梯。12A.personally BactuallyCgenerally Dtypically答案B解析“忙着攀登职场虚拟的阶梯”是假设的理由，实际上(actually)真正的理由是因为屏幕前长时间的静坐耗尽了作者动用任何能量的欲望(desire)。13A.desire BattentionCwisdom Dcourage答案A解析参考上题解析。14A.stopped BallowedCencouraged Dfrightened答案C解析由后面的“I started walking u
124、p the 80 stairs.”可推测作者应该是受到了一位朋友的鼓励。15A.survey BjourneyCcircle Drecord答案B解析作者每天都会这么爬几趟，去找点咖啡、巧克力和健怡可乐之类的东西。由此语境可判断选B项。16A.praised BcriticizedCconcerned Drewarded答案D解析根据下文的介绍可推断此处意为：爬楼梯在好几个方面对我大有裨益，即作者有所回报，故选D项。17A.quieter BeasierCquicker Dearlier答案C解析作者爬一趟楼梯要55秒，而坐电梯需要大约70秒，由此可知爬楼梯通常要快一些，故选C项。18A.le
125、aves BpreventsCsenses Dcatches答案A解析其次，爬楼梯能让人体会到一种愉快的得意。由此语境可判断选A项。19A.debate with Bdeal withCcompare with Dmeet with答案D解析根据“In the lift you are forced into a stressful exchange”可推断此处句意为：第三，这是一种压力较小的面对同事的方式。20A.escape BkeepCstart Drisk答案B解析在电梯里，一旦与同事相遇，你就不得不和他勉强交流几句，而在楼梯上你只需要微笑一下，然后继续前行。21A.results B
126、benefitsCdrawbacks Dreasons答案C解析爬楼梯对你很有好处，却没有多数有益健康的事物具有的缺点。22A.produce BrequireCwear Dmaintain答案B解析此处是在写爬楼梯的好处：它没有难吃的味道，也不需要专门着装；它没有任何不便之处，也不花钱，又不无聊；它对技能和勇气都没有要求。23A.amazing BinterestingCtiring Dboring答案D解析参考上题解析。24A.advantages BcharacteristicsCmethods Dachievements答案A解析此处指上文所描述的爬楼梯的种种好处，故选A项。25A.f
127、ull BworthyCproud Dempty答案D解析然而，尽管爬楼梯有种种好处，办公楼里的楼梯间却通常空无行人。26A.hesitate BrefuseCdetermine Dprepare答案B解析根据“stairs in offices are usually of walkers”可知人们拒绝爬楼梯。27A.called for Bapplied forCfigured out Dtaken up答案A解析采取一些更强硬的手段，即这些手段是被要求的，故选A项。28A.permitting BtrainingCforcing Dforbidding答案C解析既然是强硬的手段，当然是迫
128、使身强体壮的人们爬楼梯了，故选C项。.写作素材(关于一起爆炸事件)1据报道猛烈的爆炸几乎毁坏了那家工厂，在现场有很多受伤者。2警方怀疑玛丽做了这件事。3但是没有证据表明她就是犯罪分子。4那么谁该为此事负责呢？5根据分析和她的解释，人们对此事有着不同的看法和态度。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用主语从句，宾语从句，过去分词短语作状语等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)It was reported that the heavy explosion almost destroyed that factory.There were many injured people on the spot.The police suspected that Mary did it.But there was no evidence to show that she was the criminal.Who was to blame for it? Based on the analysis and her explanation，people had different opinions and attitudes towards the matter.