1、第一部分掌握基础词法第一讲名词和数词高考最热点全国卷考频命题热考向高考新变化名词可数名词的复数形式(3年6考)名词的习惯用法、固定短语中的名词、名词的可数与不可数的辨别和名词复数形式的变化2020年全国卷语法填空对名词的复数形式的考查有所减少不可数名词(3年2考)名词的格与名词做定语(3年1考)数词序数词(3年2考)基数词及序数词的基本用法和分数的正确表达考点一 名词的数一、名词的数1规则可数名词的5种复数变化形式变化规则例词一般情况下在词尾直接加sbookbooks，mouthmouths以s, x, ch，sh 结尾的名词在词尾加esglassglasses，boxboxes，matchm
2、atches，brushbrushes以辅音字母y结尾的名词变y为i再加escitycities，countrycountries，partyparties，factoryfactories以o结尾的名词一般在词尾加sradios, zoos, pianos kilos, photos，有些在词尾加esNegroNegroes, heroheroes potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes以f, fe结尾的名词,一般要变f或fe为v再加eslifelives,knifeknives，wolfwolves,leafleaves，少数直接加sroofroofs，beliefb
3、eliefs2.有些可数名词复数形式不是以加s或es构成，它们的构成形式不规则：变化规则例词变内部元音manmen, womanwomen, footfeet, mousemice, toothteeth词尾加en或renoxoxen, childchildren单复数同形sheep, deer, means (方式；方法), series, Chinese, Swiss指津：fish表示“鱼肉”时，为不可数名词；表示“条数”时，其复数形式与单数形式相同；但表示不同种类的鱼时，其复数形式为fishes。3合成可数名词的复数(1)若有中心词，则把中心词变成复数；若无中心词，则把最后一个词变成复数
4、。passerbypassersby, sisterinlawsistersinlaw, grownupgrownups(2)“man/womann.”变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变复数，如：woman engineerwomen engineers4常考的不可数名词(1)表物质的不可数名词：baggage/luggage(行李)，cash(现金)，meat(肉)，paper(纸张)等。(2)表抽象概念的不可数名词：work(工作)，knowledge(知识)，luck(运气)，scenery(风景)、traffic(交通)等。(3)永远不可数的重点名词：advice(建议
5、)，equipment(设备)，fun(乐趣)，furniture(家具)，progress(进步)，news/word(消息)等。5抽象名词的具体化抽象名词(不可数)具体化(表达个体概念时，是可数名词)surprise惊讶a surprise一件令人惊讶的事success成功a success一个(件)成功的人(事)honour荣誉an honour一个(件)引起尊敬的人(事)failure失败a failure一个(件)失败的人(事)beauty美；美丽a beauty美丽的人或事物pleasure乐趣a pleasure一件乐事6.有些词用复数形式表示祝愿、礼貌或客气等，如：congra
6、tulations(祝贺)，regards(问候)，respects(敬意)，thanks(谢谢)，wishes(祝愿)等。7一些固定短语中的名词只用复数形式，常见的有：make friends with与交朋友shake hands with. 与握手take measures 采取措施make preparations for 为做准备in high spirits 兴高采烈地题组微练(单句语法填空)12020浙江卷7月Later, they learned to work with the _ (season), planting at the right time and, in dr
7、y areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.22021安徽省高三联考Private businesses account for more than 90 percent of local businesses, with more than 100 _ (company) listed at home and abroad.32021福州市质量检测People are bringing home all kinds of living creatures for companionship during
8、 an unprecedented (空前的) time of social isolation (隔离), and theyre sharing _ (photo) or social media to provide a break from darker news.42021青岛市高三检测If you work in a highrise office building, take the stairs instead of an elevator. Take more _ (break) during the work day and move around.考点二 名词的格与名词作定
9、语1.名词所有格(1)概念：名词所有格用来表示名词之间的所有关系。(2)分类：of所有格a waste of times所有格the boys book双重所有格any friends of yours2.名词作定语名词作定语可以用来修饰另一个名词，表示材料、类别、用途等，作定语的名词有以下三种形式：(1)一般用单数形式。如a stone bridge (石桥)，a meeting room (会议室)，morning exercise (早操)，London Airport (伦敦机场)，a story book (故事书)，a shoe shop (鞋店)；(2)man，woman要与所修
10、饰的名词的数保持一致。如a woman teacher (一位女教师)，two women teachers (两位女教师)；(3)sports, sales, clothes, goods, arts, customs等一般用复数形式。如a sports meet (运动会)，a goods train (货运列车)，a customs officer (海关官员)，a sales manager (销售部经理)。考点三 数词1.序数词一般由基数词加th构成(1)以y结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y变为i，再加eth。如the twentieth/fiftieth。(2)不规则的序数词有以下
11、几个：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。(3)序数词前通常要加定冠词the，但当序数词不表示顺序而表示 “再一”“又一”时，要用不定冠词。2年龄、年代的表达表达“在某人几十多岁”用“in ones逢十的基数词的复数”；表达“在几十年代”用“in the逢十的基数词的复数”。3基数词(1)dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million等表确切数目时不能加s，其前可用数词或several，some修饰，此时其后通常不跟of(后有these，those或代词宾格时可跟of)；(2)表示“数以百万计
12、”“数以千计”等笼统数目时，要加s，其前不能用数词，其后可跟of。(3)基数词可与名词等构成合成形容词，用连字符连接，作前置定语，其中的名词应使用单数形式，如fourhour journey。4分数表达法分子应用基数词，分母应用序数词。分子大于1时，分母应用序数词的复数形式，如twosevenths七分之二。题组微练(单句语法填空)12021衡水中学高三考试Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early _ (twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia wa
13、s limited in 1987.22019全国卷Then, when I was in the _(five) grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much. 32021河北省邯郸市高三模拟I remember clearly that when I was on my _(eighteen) birthday, my father gave me a presenta picture book. 语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12021洛阳市高三统考On Tuesdays and Thu
14、rsdays she helped out as a volunteer to give aid to people without _ (home)22021濮阳市高三模拟Though Thunberg does not have a magical cure for climate change, she believes that climate change can be affected at a grassroots level by educating friends and electing _ (politician) that support the cause.32021
15、厦门市第二次质量检查Although the knowledge and education of TCM are declining, Chinese medicines are still around, and some remain the top few _ (choice) of people till today. 42020浙江卷1月For Japan, the _ (number) are more striking22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.52018浙江卷Few people I know seem to have much d
16、esire or time to cook. Making Chinese _ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.【答题微点】语法填空解题“3定向”定向1根据修饰词确定名词的单复数形式1不定冠词a, an后用名词单数形式；2有these, those, several, many, all, both, a pair of, a variety of, different或数词等修饰时名词用复数形式；3名词前有one of, among时用名词复数形式。定向2根据谓语动词确定名词的单复数形式名词作主语时，如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或are
17、，要考虑用名词的复数形式。定向3根据常识和句意确定名词的单复数形式及数词形式表示两个(或两个以上)的可数名词及并列名词时，名词需用复数形式。语法填空2021陕西百校联盟第一次模拟Household garbage sorting and recycling have become a hot topic in Shanghai because of Chinas first compulsory garbageseparation law 1._ every household and institution shall classify waste into four 2._ (catego
18、ry). Those who fail to sort garbage may 3._ (fine) up to 200 yuan.Previously, everything went into one bin, so this change has made many people very 4._ (worry), who said they were struggling to master the details quickly.Now thanks to the efforts of 5._ number of young programmers, discovering the
19、proper classification for each piece of household waste has become as simple as taking a photo 6._ calling someone using your smartphone.They have applied speech and image recognition technologies 7._ apps and other smartphone services to guide Shanghai residents through the garbageseparation rules.
20、Most of the apps and services, which 8._ (begin) springing up last month in app stores, on messaging tool WeChat and mobile payment service Alipay, allow users to type in the name of waste 9._ (identify) which category it belongs to. Many apps also use speech and image recognition to make the proces
21、s much easier, but their creators say they will disappear in time with the Chinese 10._ (become) more accustomed to the rules.第二讲形容词、副词和比较等级高考最热点全国卷考频命题热考向高考新变化形容词和副词的比较等级3年5考常考查：形容词和副词的基本用法；易混淆的形容词和副词；形容词和副词比较等级的用法。2020年全国三套卷增加了对形容词和副词的考查力度形容词、副词及易混词的误用3年12考考点一 形容词与副词的基本用法1.形容词和副词的句法功能词性功能例句形容词在句中作
22、定语、表语、补语和状语(说明主语的状态、性质和特征等)Although it was a hard time and things were tight for everybody, Bernards business worked out quite well.2020新高考卷读后续写 虽然那是一段困难的时期，每个人的处境都很艰难，但伯纳的生意做得很好。副词句中作状语，修饰动词(短语)、形容词、副词、介词短语和句子等，方位副词可作后置定语、表语和补语We do sincerely hope that your health will improve soon and we are also
23、expecting your early return to China.2020浙江卷应用文写作 我们真诚地希望您的身体能尽快好转，也期待您早日回国。2.兼有两种形式的副词其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。close接近(指距离)closely仔细地，密切地free免费freely自由地，自如地deep深deeply深刻地，深入地hard努力地hardly几乎不wide宽阔地widely广泛地high高highly高度地late晚，迟lately近来near邻近nearly几乎most最mostly主要地；绝大多数地pretty相当地
24、prettily优美地Needless to say, they were deeply moved, especially Bernard who finally found a way to make money for his family.2020新高考山东卷读后续写不用说，他们都深受感动，尤其是伯纳德，他终于找到了赚钱养家的方法。指津：下列单词以ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly，timely 等。3常用的连接性副词though一般用于句末，意为“然而，可是”
25、，表示转折。besides意为“另外，还有”，表示递进关系。meanwhile意为“在此期间”，表示两个动作同时发生。however意为“然而”，表示让步和转折，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。therefore/thus/consequently意为“因此，所以”，表示结果。instead意为“相反”，表示相反的情况。moreover/furthermore/additionally意为“此外”，表承接关系。anyway/anyhow意为“尽管，即使这样”，表示让步。A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caus
26、ed had driven away a number of birds. Besides, the number of snakes had declined as well.2020新高考山东卷完形早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损失是赶走了一些鸟类。此外，蛇的数量也减少了。4常考易混、易错形容词和副词的区别(1)before，agoago：常用于一般过去时，它所指的时间从现在算起；before：常用于过去完成时，它所指的时间从过去某一时刻算起。Three days ago, I went to pay a visit to my aunt, only to be told t
27、hat she had gone abroad three days before.三天前我去拜访我的姑姑，却被告知她在三天前去了国外。(2)such，soso是副词，可以放在形容词或副词之前作状语；such是代词或限定词，可用来修饰名词，作定语。应注意以下几点：such a beautiful girlso beautiful a girlsuch a lovely dayso lovely a day指津：当名词为不可数名词或复数名词时，不能用so，必须用such。 如：不可以说so nice weather，而要说such nice weather。当名词前有表示数量的词语(如many、
28、much、few、little)时，则只能使用so来修饰它们，而不能使用such。He made so many mistakes that he was punished by his strict mother. 他犯了许多错误，因此受到了严厉的母亲的惩罚。注意：当little作“小的”讲时，用such，如such a little animal“这么小的动物”。题组微练(单句语法填空)12021陕西省重点中学模拟_ (interesting) enough，the United Nations even has a cartoon character to represent this
29、day.22021昆明市高三测试The goal of the Plastic Bank is to use plastic to help people solve the problems _ (gradual). 32021青岛质量检测The United States，Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours sleep a night to stay _ (health)42021烟台市高考诊断性测试So if you are passionate a
30、bout something，stick to it and through hard work，you _ (true) can make your dream come true.52021东北三校高三模拟Compared with other male poets in China, who have left hundreds or even thousands of poems，she has only eighty seven._ ，her artistic creativity in her existing works has earned her a permanent pl
31、ace in the Chinese literary circle.考点二 形容词、副词比较级与最高级形容词和副词比较等级的考查主要体现在两个方面：一是通过标志词than或表比较意义的语境推出用比较级或最高级；二是考查一些固定结构中比较级和最高级的用法。一、比较级和最高级的构成1规则形式(1)单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词，在原级后加er，est构成，如clevercleverercleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：特殊情况构成方法例词以不发音的e结尾的加r和stbravebraverbravest以“辅音字母y”结尾变y为i，再加er和esthappyhappierhappiest以
32、重读闭音节结尾双写词尾，再加er和esthothotterhottest(2)多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more，most构成。activemore activemost activehappilymore happilymost happily2不规则形式原级比较级最高级good, wellbetterbestbad, illworseworstmany, muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther(指时间或空间上“更远的”)farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”)further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上)furthest
33、(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上)oldolder/elderoldest/eldest二、比较等级用法的固定句型1同级比较：as形容词/副词的原级as，其否定形式是“not as/so形容词/副词的原级as”。2比较级结构：形容词/副词的比较级than; more/less多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词than。常见的修饰比较级的词有any, much, even, far, by far, a lot, a great deal等。The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read.这本书比我以前读的书有趣
34、多了。3最高级结构：the形容词的最高级(名词)比较范围(in/of/among短语)；one of the形容词的最高级名词复数。常用来修饰最高级的词有by far, almost以及序数词等。She is the most active student in our class.她是我们班最活跃的学生。4比较级的常用句型(1)“比较级and比较级”或“more and more原级”表示“越来越”。Holiday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive.假期的机票越来越便宜了。(2)“the比较级，the比较级”，表示“越越”。
35、The more you listen and read, the better you write and speak.你听得越多，读得越多，你的写作和口语就越好。(3)“the比较级ofthe名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较的”。Of the two cameras, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry.这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。5比较级形式表达最高级的含义(1)“否定词比较级”或“否定词such/so .as”结构表示最高级含义。Your story is perfect,
36、 Ive never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：比较级thanany other单数名词比较级thanall the other复数名词比较级thanany of the other复数名词The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。6倍数表达法常见的倍数表达句型
37、主要有：(1)A is倍数比较级thanB(2)A is倍数as原级asB(3)A is倍数the名词(size，length，height等)of B(4)the名词(size，length，height 等)of Ais倍数thatofB(5)A is倍数what引导的名词性从句Smoking is harmful to peoples health, killing seven times more people each year than traffic accidents.吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的多7倍。题组微练(单句语法填空)12021合肥市高三质量检测
38、In fact，Guo Feng is _ (familiar) to the public as a music producer than as a painter.22021安徽安庆二模Nowadays，not only does China have the _ (fast) growing modern cities in the world, but the landscapes are also truly diverse.32021昆明质量检测If we can focus on encouraging kids to drink more watera lowcost，sug
39、arfree drinkwe can improve their drinking habits，which may allow many kids to feel _ (great) throughout the day and do better in school.42020浙江卷1月The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large compared to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes _ (o
40、ld) than before.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12021合肥市高三质量检测Unfortunately，coral species are being _ (severe)threatened，many of which have been destroyed by pollution，overfishing practices，and other impacts over the past centuries.22021濮阳市高三模拟By September, 2018, her _ (week) strike had become a worldwide climate cha
41、nge movement called “Fridays for the Future”32021福州市质量检测However, a diet that is too high in animal protein can _ (actual) lead to weight gain over time.420186月浙江高考The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be _ (afford) but doing this most days adds up.52020全国卷One day the emperor
42、wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their _ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.62020全国卷The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so _ the familiar near side.720186月浙
43、江高考There could be an even _ (high) cost on your health.【答题微点】语法填空解题“3策略”1利用提示词(1)看到提示词在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语或在宾语后作宾补，要想到用形容词；(2)看到提示词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子作状语时，要想到用副词。2利用标志词(1)若是两者之间相比，且空格后有than, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级；(2)and, or, but等并列连词连接的平行结构，如果其中之一是比较级，要想到另一并列成分也应用比较级；(3)注意使用比较等级的固定搭配或句型，如：the比较级，the比较级the最高级标志性词语
44、或从句3利用修饰语(1)看到修饰语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit等以及百分数，要想到比较级；(2)看到修饰语by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not really以及序数词等，要想到最高级。语法填空2021重庆名校联盟模拟Every year, people around the world purchase roughly 526 billion bottles, and that number is on 1._ increase. More t
45、han 8 million pieces of plastic pollution find their way into our oceans every day. Much of other plastic 2._ (throw) in landfills or rivers also has bad effects on wildlife. Many people are now trying 3._ (cut) down on plastic use, while also turning these singleuse plastics into something 4._ (ben
46、efit)like auto parts.The Ford Motor Company has used recycled plastic since the 1990s. Today, it 5._ (transform) recycled plastic into vehicle parts in an effort to reduce its carbon footprint, 6._ (specific) underbody shields (车底护板) on all cars.“The underbody shield is a large part. 7._ is likely f
47、or such a big part to weigh three times as much if we use solid plastic，” says Thomas Sweder, design engineer of the Company.“Were looking for the most durable and 8._ (green) materials to make our parts.”Finding new and innovative ways to recycle singleuse plastics is essential for our planet. With
48、 one of the largest 9._ (company) committed to working with recycled plastics, theres hope 10._ others will follow suit.第三讲词性转换高考最热点全国卷考频命题热考向高考新变化形容词的词性转换3年6考名词转换为形容词、动词或形容词转换为名词、形容词和副词间的相互转换是全国卷考查重点2020年全国卷对名词的词性转换有所侧重形容词和副词的相互转换3年11考名词的词性转换3年8考考点一 名词与其他词类的词性转换(一)形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词ageshortshortage不足；短缺
49、cyefficientefficiency 效率；功效fluentfluency 流利；流畅accurateaccuracy 准确性privateprivacy 隐私；私密domfreefreedom 自由；自主wisewisdom 明智；智慧encedifferentdifference 差异silentsilence 沉默nessweakweakness 虚弱；弱点kindkindness 仁慈；好意carelesscarelessness 粗心大意darkdarkness 黑暗thstrongstrength 力气；强项warmwarmth 温暖；热情truetruth 真实widewi
50、dth 宽度ytyitydifficultdifficulty 困难cruelcruelty 残酷；残暴safesafety 安全disabledisability 无能；残疾responsibleresponsibility 责任(二)动词变名词的后缀后缀例词alapproveapproval 赞成；批准arrivearrival 到来；到达survivesurvival 幸存proposeproposal 提议；建议anceappearappearance 出现；外貌guideguidance 指引；指导performperformance 表演；节目enceexistexistence
51、存在；生存preferpreference 偏爱referreference 参考；查阅ionattractattraction 吸引constructconstruction 建设educateeducation 教育evaluateevaluation 评估graduategraduation 毕业ationexpectexpectation 期待；期望explainexplanation 解释considerconsideration 考虑imagineimagination 想象力starvestarvation 挨饿inviteinvitation 邀请；请柬(s)siondiscu
52、ssdiscussion 讨论；辩论decidedecision 决定admitadmission 接纳；准许入学inghearhearing 听力；听觉beginbeginning 开始mentachieveachievement 功绩；成就argueargument 辩论；论据treattreatment 对待；治疗equipequipment 设备ureturepresspressure 压力mixmixture 混合；混合物departdeparture 离开；出发yrecoverrecovery 恢复；痊愈discoverdiscovery 发现其他growgrowth 成长；发展c
53、hoosechoice 选择varyvariety 多样化；种类tendtendency 趋向；趋势(三)表示“人”的名词后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示“人”的后缀有：后缀例词ercleancleaner 清洁工reportreporter 记者strangestranger 陌生人orinventinventor 发明者visitvisitor 游客directdirector 导演arlieliar 说谎者begbeggar 乞讨者，乞丐eeemployemployee 雇员interviewinterviewee 参加面试者traintrai
54、nee 受训者；学员esshosthostess 女主人actactress 女演员ianmusicmusician 音乐家politicspolitician 政治家historyhistorian 历史学家istartartist 艺术家sciencescientist 科学家pianopianist 钢琴家antserveservant 仆人participateparticipant 参加者assistassistant 助手；图书管理员题组微练(单句语法填空)12021陕西省重点中学模拟On this day，thousands of people all around the wo
55、rld reached out to make a new positive _ (connect) with others. 22021长春市高三质量监测Individuals who throw away their garbage without sorting it can be fined up to 200 yuan，while companies and _ (organize) can face fines up to 5,000 yuan.32021贵阳市高三适应性考试The tactics represent the _ (wise) of Chinese people.
56、They are not only useful on the battlefield but also useful for business and personal life.42021合肥市高三第一次质量检测A painting with a _ (long) of 1014.37 meters has received a Guinness World Record title for the longest drawing by an individual artist.52021山西省重点中学高三联考Young kids want to improve _ (fit) and l
57、earn Chinese culture，adults take classes to relieve stress brought by work，and retired people practice it to prevent health problems.62020全国卷 Filled with _ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.考点二 形容词、副词的前后缀(一)形容词变副词的后缀规则示例一般情况加lyslowslowly 缓慢地commoncommonly 普通地immediateimmediately 立刻地以“辅音
58、字母y”结尾，将y改为i然后加lyhappyhappily 高兴地steadysteadily 稳定地busybusily 繁忙地noisynoisily 吵闹地heavyheavily 沉重地healthyhealthily 健康地以le结尾，去掉e加ysimplesimply 简单地gentlegently 温柔地terribleterribly 可怕地possiblepossibly 可能地probableprobably 可能地comfortablecomfortably 舒服地以ic结尾，加allyeconomiceconomically 经济地scientificscientifi
59、cally 科学地常考且易拼错的副词rudely, truly, politely, widely, nicely, closely, fortunately, surprisingly, increasingly, hurriedly, shyly(二)动词、名词变形容词的后缀后缀例词ableacceptacceptable 可接受的comfortcomfortable 舒适的fashionfashionable 时髦的suitsuitable 合适的reasonreasonable 有道理的almusicmusical 音乐的originoriginal 最初的personpersonal
60、 个人的；私人的centercentral 中央的；中心的naturenatural 自然的；天生的formformal 正式的nationnational 全国的fuldoubtdoubtful 怀疑的forgetforgetful 健忘的harmharmful 有害的hopehopeful 有希望的peacepeaceful 和平的carecareful 细心的useuseful 有用的successsuccessful 成功的helphelpful 有帮助的edscarescared 感到恐惧的confuseconfused 感到困惑的puzzlepuzzled 迷惑的worryworr
61、ied 担心的borebored 感到厌倦的exciteexcited 激动的；兴奋的underlineunderlined 加下划线的ingsurprisesurprising 令人惊讶的convinceconvincing 令人信服的satisfysatisfying 令人满意的worryworrying 令人担心的boreboring 令人厌烦的ibleaccessaccessible 容易达到的；容易取得的horrorhorrible 可怕的；恐怖的terrorterrible 可怕的iveactactive 积极的；活跃的effecteffective 有效的；生效的attracta
62、ttractive 有吸引力的impressimpressive 给人深刻印象的instructinstructive 有教育意义的expenseexpensive 昂贵的ouscontinuecontinuous 不断的；持续的anxietyanxious 忧虑的cautioncautious 十分小心的；谨慎的curiositycurious 好奇的humorhumorous 幽默的sometiretiresome 令人厌倦的troubletroublesome 麻烦的ytastetasty 美味的；可口的healthhealthy 健康的wealthwealthy 富裕的；丰富的dirt
63、dirty 有灰尘的；脏的rainrainy 有雨的snowsnowy 有雪的sunsunny 阳光明媚的windwindy 有风的cloudcloudy 阴天的erneasteastern 东方的；向东的westwestern 西方的；向西的ishchildchildish 孩子气的foolfoolish 愚蠢的；可笑的selfselfish 自私的icsciencescientific 科学的economyeconomic 经济的historyhistoric 历史上著名的aryimagineimaginary 想象中的题组微练(单句语法填空)12021昆明市高三“三诊一模”David K
64、atz was upset by all the plastic going into the ocean.To help solve the problem，he had a _ (create)ideato treat plastic like money.22021贵阳市高三适应性考试The Contemporary Museum of Calligraphy (书法) contains many art pieces including Arabic，Chinese, _ (Europe)，Indian，Japanese and Slavic calligraphic works.32
65、021济南市高三质量评估Smells from cookies baking in the kitchen or the smell of a homemade dish can bring back _ (amaze) memories of growing up.42019北京卷Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend，and its never too early to make necessary preparations fo
66、r a healthy and _ (meaning) college experience.52020全国卷As the small boat moved _ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.62021天津高三八校第二次联考What is driving this _ (grow) in veganism? It is because people want to protect the environment.考点三
67、变动词的前缀和后缀前/后缀例词前缀enableenable 使能够largeenlarge 扩大richenrich 使充实；使丰富dangerendanger 危及courageencourage 鼓励后缀enbroadbroaden 使变宽riperipen 使成熟sharpsharpen 使尖锐widewiden 加宽shortshorten 变短deepdeepen 加深darkdarken 使变暗hardharden 使变硬ifyclassclassify 把分类justjustify 证明正确simplesimplify简化beautybeautify 美化izeapologyap
68、ologize 道歉emphasisemphasize 强调memorymemorize 记住realrealize 认识到；实现题组微练(单句语法填空)12019浙江卷Besides，what you told me about your country _ (broad) my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.22019全国卷The purpose of the HUNCH programs to _ (sharp) students communication skills.考点四 转化法转化法是由一种词类转化为一种
69、或几种词类的构词法。这种构词法词形没有改变，转化后的单词在意义上通常与原单词有密切联系。转化规则例词注意名词动词face (n.脸v.面对)shoulder (n.肩v.肩负)water (n.水v.浇水)back (n.背v.支持)name (n.名字v.命名)high，deep，wide用作副词时表示具体，而highly，deeply，widely表示抽象。动词名词look (v./n.)看try (v./n.)尝试dream (v./n.)梦想chat (v./n.)聊天形容词动词empty (adj.空的v.倒空)slow (adj.慢的v.减慢)dirty (adj.脏的v.弄脏)w
70、arm (adj.暖的v.使变暖)形容词副词hard (adj.难的adv.努力)high (adj.高的adv.高)deep (adj.深的adv.深)wide (adj.宽的adv.宽)语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12020北京卷Because of the confidence she inspired in me, Ive carved out a _ (success) profession as a journalist.22020新高考山东卷In the 18th and 19th centuries, _ (wealth) people travelled and collec
71、ted plants, historical objects and works of art.32019全国卷They also shared with us many _ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were _ (huge) popular with tourists.42021衡水中学第一次模拟There is also no _ (evident) that protein from a powder or bar can improve athletic performance any more than protein from f
72、ood.52021兰州高三诊断考试I feel proud that our Chinese culture attracts many people from different cultures.The performance was very _ (impress)62021广州市综合检测二Now he and his Chinese friends are using drones (无人机) _ (film) the Great Wall, which provides a _ (complete) new and fascinating perspective.【答题微点】语法填空
73、解题“2策略”1利用句子成分确定词性(1)如果要填的词在句中作主语、宾语或表语要考虑名词形式。(2)如果要填的词作定语、表语、主语补足语或宾语补足语，要想到用形容词；如果作状语，要想到用副词。2根据修饰词或被修饰词确定词性(1)如果要填的词被形容词、定冠词或形容词性物主代词修饰，此时要考虑用名词形式。(2)如果要填的词修饰名词，要想到用形容词；如果修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，要想到用副词。语法填空2021安徽部分重点中学高三联考Experiences are acquired through our journey in life; we choose and create our be
74、liefs, fears and opinions 1._ (base) on all our experiences in life. Even though things and life are the way they are, we all have different opinions about everything and everybody. Other people have opinions about us too. But 2._ really matters is the opinion we have about 3._ (we). You either choo
75、se to accept and follow what other people believe 4._ decide to be yourself and live according to the reality of life.5_ living life as it is and being yourself, you create an image about yourself. It is extremely important 6._ (understand) how this image, created by your beliefs and imagination, di
76、rects and influences your 7._ (grow). This image that you create about yourself 8._ (determine) who you are and how you feel；it determines how successful you become in life. Everything starts in the mind. If you really want to accomplish your dreams, picture yourself having and living the life you w
77、ant. Believe in yourself and be 9._ (confidence)! It doesnt matter how bad or difficult the 10._ (circumstance) may look like. In short, you are as happy or sad as you see yourself.第四讲冠词、代词和介词高考最热点全国卷考频命题热考向高考新变化冠词3年12考冠词的考查点集中在冠词表示泛指、特指的基本用法和常见固定搭配中的冠词上。2020、2019全国卷增加对不定代词的考查。对冠词、介词的考查仍集中在固定短语上。代词3
78、年12考语法填空侧重考查it、人称代词和物主代词的基本用法介词3年8考语法填空对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即没有提示词， 这对考生正确理解句意和掌握的知识提出了较高的要求。冠词考点一 冠词的基本用法一、不定冠词a，an1在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a，在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用an。a university，a useful animal，a European car，an hour，an honest boy，an Xray，an ugly man，an honor等。Judging from his words，he must be an honest man.从他的话判断，他一定是一
79、位诚实的人。As is known to us，Russia is a European country.众所周知，俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家。2不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。They found an apartment in America where they lived only half a year.他们在美国找到一个公寓，在那里待了仅仅半年。3表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly.那是一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，月亮在夜空中闪耀着
80、。4表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one 强烈。As the old saying goes，“Rome was not built in a day.”常言道，冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。5不定冠词a(n)表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain。A Mr Brown came to see you just now.刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。6“a(n)序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“a most形容词”表示“非常，很”。I really enjoyed my stay in Xian.Its indeed worth a second visit.我真的喜欢待在
81、西安，它的确值得再次参观。He put forward a most useful suggestion at the meeting.在会议上他提出一个非常实用的建议。7在抽象名词success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，wonder，comfort，danger，shock等前表示“一个的人或一件的事”。The operation is a success and the patient is now out of danger.手术很成功，病人目前脱离了危险。二、定冠词the1特指某人或某事。The village where I was born
82、 has taken on a new look in the past ten years.我出生的那个小村庄在过去十年已经呈现新的面貌。2用于序数词和形容词/副词最高级以及形容词only，very，same等之前。As is known to all，China is the biggest developing country in the world.众所周知，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China.在中国杨利伟是第一个登上太空的人。3某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复
83、数前表示一家人，要想到用定冠词。As far as I know, the Greens are going to move to Beijing.据我所知，格林一家要搬到北京去。4在世界上独一无二的事物、西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要想到用定冠词。The little girl likes to play the violin and often plays it after school.这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴，经常放学后演奏。5用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour，by the day，by the week，by the dozen，by the yard等，但是如表示单位的名
84、词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。As far as I know, he will get paid by the week.据我所知，他会按周付薪。6用于the more.the more.(越越)结构中。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越小心，就会越少犯错误。三、零冠词1在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。Keeping a diary is a good habit，by which youll make great progress.记日记是一个可以让你
85、取得进步的好习惯。2用于与by连用的表示交通工具、通讯工具的名词前。Are you going there by plane or by ship?你是乘飞机还是乘船去那里？3用于系动词turn后的单数名词作表语时。After years of hard work，Tom turned engineer while Mary good manager.多年的努力之后，汤姆成了工程师而玛丽成了一个好经理。题组微练(单句语法填空)12020浙江卷1月A child born in the US today has _ very realistic chance of living beyond 1
86、00 and needs to plan accordingly.22021成都市高三检测Situated on cliffs above a river，Hongyadong is a stilt house complex (建筑群) in _ city of Chongqing.32021福州市模拟One brown batabout _ size of a human thumbcan consume about 600 mosquitoes and other unwanted insects within an hour.42021安徽省高三联考Being _ internatio
87、nal port, Quanzhou, is home to a huge number of Chinese who have gone abroad and can be tracked to more than 130 countries and regions around the globe.52021郑州高三质检She was really excited that day because they were having a dance party. I danced with all the ladies, particularly with Grandma, which wa
88、s awesome. However, I felt discomfort throughout _ party.考点二 固定搭配1.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中all of a sudden突然as a matter of fact 事实上in a hurry 匆忙地pay a visit to 参观；拜访as a result/consequence 因此have a gift/talent for 在某方面有天赋have/catch a cold 感冒make a living 谋生have/take a rest 休息in a way 从某种意义上说give sb. a lift 让某
89、人搭便车do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙keep an eye on 留心You can ask anyone for help.Everyone here is willing to lend you a hand.你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。2定冠词用于固定短语中at the moment 此刻；目前at the same time 同时on the contrary 相反on the whole 总的来说to tell the truth 说实话in the distance 在远处on the other hand 另一方面make the most of
90、充分利用by the way 顺便说一下go to the cinema/theater 去看电影/戏剧in the middle of 在中间You should make the best of such a good chance to practise your spoken English.你应该充分利用这个好机会练习你的英语口语。3零冠词用于固定搭配中on purpose 故意地by chance 碰巧catch/on fire 着火at dawn/dusk 在黎明/黄昏make room for 让位out of date 过时的by sea/car 乘船/乘小汽车题组微练(单句
91、语法填空)12020浙江卷7月 This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with _ rise of science，changes began.22020全国卷The plum trees are _ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.32021烟台、菏泽市高三水平诊断Some reports also show that _ numbe
92、r of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.42021烟台市高考诊断性测试They either made equipment themselves or had to share _ very few items they had among all the children.52021河北衡水中学联考Shen Maosheng, who led the dig, said most of the newly found warriors can be divided into two groups. One group is carrying
93、poles, while _ other carries bows.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12021东北三校高三模拟What did she do to deserve such _ honor? Compared with other male poets in China, who have left hundreds or even thousands of poems，she has only eightyseven.22021济南市高三针对性练习Although there has been _ increasing amount of literature about tea
94、 in recent years，such literature is certainly not new.32021山西省八校高三第一次联考The NYPD hopes in _ long term the information can be used to tailor manpower to each police station in the city.42019全国卷Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six are stable，one is increasing，and n
95、ine lack enough data.52021衡阳市高三毕业班联考三To ensure the accuracy of the measurement, and to work it in _ more effective way, experts were invited to assist in the technical design and planning of the project from the beginning.62019浙江卷Everybody wears _ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in une
96、xpected ways.【答题微点】语法填空解题“2定向”1根据泛指或特指选择冠词如果空格后的名词或“形容词名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。(1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”一般填the; (2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。2根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语，记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题。 代词考点一 代词的基本用法1.人称代词与物主代词类别第一人称第二人称第三人称主格(作主语)Iweyo
97、uyouhesheitthey宾格(作宾语)meusyouyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词(作定语)myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词(作主语、表语或宾语)mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirsShe was beautiful and could run faster than others.她(那时)很美并且比其他人跑得快。Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with joy.给我一个挑战，我会欣然接受。He invited some friends of his to
98、 attend his birthday party.他邀请了一些朋友参加他的生日宴会。2反身代词(1)构成：第一、二人称反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加“self”(复数加selves)构成。第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式加self(复数加selves)构成。 数人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves(2)句法功能：反身代词在句中作宾语、表格或同位语I sincerely hope you will enjoy yourself at the coming ev
99、ening party.我真诚地希望你在即将到来的晚会上玩得开心。(3)反身代词的习惯用法dress oneself 自己穿衣occupy oneself with 忙于behave yourself 举止规矩有礼devote oneself to 致力于apply oneself to 专心致志于help oneself to 随便吃/用enjoy oneself 玩得开心seat oneself 就座，入席make yourself at home 别客气teach oneself 自学adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于2017浙江卷6月“She thought I h
100、ad hurt myself，” says Pahlsson.“她以为我伤到我自己了，”Pahlsson说。3指示代词this, that, these, those的用法指示代词用法this/these指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物；this也可指下文将要谈到的人或物，起启下的作用that/those指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；that也可指上文提到过的人或物，起承上的作用What I want to say is this: you should grasp every minute to finish your work.我想说的是：你应该抓住每一分钟来完成你的工作。4不定代词(1)
101、the other指两者中的另一个，表示特指。There are two pens here. One is his, and the other is Toms.这儿有两支钢笔，一支是他的，另一支是汤姆的。(2)other作前置定语，修饰可数名词复数，不可单独使用，表示泛指，意为“另外的，其他的”。We study English, maths, Chinese and other subjects.我们学习英语、数学、语文以及别的学科。(3)others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，常用结构：some. others.；而the others表示特定范围中的“另外的全部”。Some like
102、 staying at home at the weekend; others like going to the cinema.一些人喜欢周末待在家里，另一些人喜欢去看电影。(4)another泛指同类的人或物，指三者或三者以上的另一个，可单独使用或在其后加可数名词单数。I dont like this book. Please give me another one.我不喜欢这本书，请再给我一本。5不定代词both, all, either, any, neither, none都任何一个都不(全部否定)部分否定两者botheitherneithernot eitherboth和not连用
103、三者或三者以上allanynonenot anyall和not连用Niki is always full of ideas, but none is useful to my knowledge.Niki总是很有想法，但据我所知没一个是有用的。题组微练(单句语法填空)12020全国卷Data about the moons composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的)
104、base are practical.22020新高考山东卷As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine _ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.32018全国卷When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find _ (they) alive.42021湖
105、南长郡中学检测However，quite a few others，especially _ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”52021泰安模拟As far as I am concerned，cycling is a good solution.For one thing，bicycles dont need any petrol and they are energysaving. For _ ，bicycles are environ
106、mentally friendly because they wont give off waste gas.考点二 it的用法1.it作人称代词的用法(1)it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。The Smiths bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.史密斯一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作要做。(2)it指时间、距离、天气等。Its about 112 miles from London to Birmingham.从伦敦到伯明翰大约有112英里。2用于某
107、些句型Its (about/high) timethat从句某人该做某事了(从句谓语用过去时，有时也用“should动词原形”)Its the first/second. timethat sb.has/have done这是某人第几次做某事Its时间段since从句自从有多长时间了Its时间段before从句过了多长时间才As far as I know, it is 8 years since his father passed away.据我所知，他父亲去世已经八年了。3it作形式主语(宾语)的用法it常作形式主语(宾语)，替代动词不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。(1)it作形式主语的句型
108、Itbeadj.(for sb.) to do sth.常用于此句型的形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible等。As far as Im concerned, its necessary to have a good command of English.就我个人看来，掌握英语是必要的。Itbeadj.of sb. to do sth.此句型中的形容词描述的是人的品德、特征。能用于该句型的形容词有：kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, fooli
109、sh, clever等。It is silly of you to give up such a good chance.放弃这么好的一次机会你真傻。Itben.(for sb./sth.)to do sth.用于此句型的名词(短语)有：pity, shame, pleasure, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。It is bad manners for the young to take up the seats for the old.年轻人占据老年人座位没有礼貌。Itbeadj./n.doing sth.用于此句型的形容词和名词(短语)常见的有
110、：no/little use, no/much good, useless, fun等。It is no good living alone without keeping in touch with others.独居而不和他人来往没有好处。(it作形式主语，动名词短语living alone without.为真正的主语)Itben./adj.主语从句。在“It is natural/necessary/important/strangethat从句”中，从句的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，且should可以省略。Its necessary and important that w
111、e should master the skills of operating computers.我们应该掌握电脑操作技术，这有必要而且非常重要。(2)it作形式宾语的情况主语believe/find/feel/think/guess/suppose/makeitadj./n.不定式/动名词/从句。No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.不管在哪里，他养成了早餐前散步的习惯。某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)：like, disl
112、ike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on等。I would appreciate it if you take my suggestion into consideration.如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。I hate it when someone makes a mess of my learning materials on my desk.我讨厌有人把我桌子上的学习材料弄得乱七八糟的。题组微练(单句语法填空)12021安庆市二模Every new year in the heartland of industrial C
113、hina, thousands upon thousands of motorcyclists brave the weather and hit the road, determined to make _ home.22018浙江卷Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _ can be to eat out.32017全国卷However, the railway quickly proved to be a
114、great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _ every day.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12020北京卷She recognized _ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm.22021四川绵阳第二次诊断The young policeman was touched by _ (they) loss and sadness, and said that he was mo
115、re than willing to act as their son.32021南昌一模The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls _ (it) “the oldest water town in China”42021安徽六校第二次联考It falls on the first Saturday in April. _ (it) aim is to honor and celebrate Americas children and stress the importance of love as they grow up.52021济南市高三质量评
116、估The scientists say an area of the brain assigns memories to smells and stores _ (they) for decades.62021福州模拟And the hutong today is fading into the shade for _ tourists and local people.【答题微点】语法填空解题“2定向”1通过句子成分确定所填代词的形式(1)如果作主语，则用人称代词的主格； (2)如果作宾语或表语，则用人称代词的宾格； (3)如果作定语，则用形容词性物主代词； (4)如果作宾语、表语或同位语且
117、又反射到句子主语，则用反身代词。2通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it(1)如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；(2)如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况，则用it；(3)如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用it；(4)注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to .it从句。介词考点一 介词的基本用法1.at, in, on表示时间(1)at表示某一时刻at 12：00 (在12点), at noon (在中午), at night (在夜里), at midnight (在半夜), at dawn/daybreak (在黎明，破晓)，at
118、 sunrise/sunset (在日出/日落)，at dusk(在黄昏)。(2)in指上午、下午及晚上或月、年等较长的时间in the 1980s/1980s, in the Qing Dynasty, in October, in the morning/afternoon/evening。(3)on用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如：某日、某节日、星期几等)，或某一具体日子的上午、下午、晚上等。on October 1st, on a rainy day, on National Day, on the morning of July 3rd。2by, before, after,
119、until/till, during, within表示时间(1)by 到时(为止)(2)before 在以前(3)after 在后(4)until/till 直到为止(5)during 在期间(6)within 在之内He often falls asleep during the class, which makes his teacher very angry.他常常上课睡觉，这使他的老师很生气。3between, among表示“在之间”between指“在之间(两者之间)”，常和and连用； among表示“在之间(三者或三者以上)”。Keep the close relations
120、hip between teachers and students.保持亲密的师生关系。4by, in, on, with表示“使用工具、手段、方式等”(1)by表示“乘，坐(交通工具)”或“通过方式”。(2)in当“用”讲时，后常接表示语言、材料等的词。(3)with表示使用某种具体的工具、手段等。by bike, by taxi, by plane, by ship, by bus, by airgo to school on my bike, on footHer parents always talk to her in German.她的父母总是用德语和她交谈。We see with
121、 our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with our legs.我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路。5about, on表示“关于”about多用于表示内容比较普通、不太正式的情形，on多指内容属于专门性的，是严肃的或学术性的，有时两者可通用。He gave a report on/about the international situation at the meeting.他在会上做了一个关于国际形势的报告。6from, since表示时间(1)from表示开始的时间，译为“从开始”，多用于“from. to/till”结构中。(2)since表
122、示“自以后，从以来”。We work from Monday to Friday every week.我们每周从周一工作到周五。I havent heard from him since last year.自从去年，我就没有收到过他的来信。7with的常见用法(表示关系)和一起；(表示状态)具有，带有；(表示方式)用，凭借；(表示原因)由于，因为。Would you like to go to the theatre with us?你愿意和我们一起去看戏吗？The small child trembled with fear.那个小孩吓得打哆嗦。8for的用法表示“为了；给，对(表示对象
123、、用途等)；因为，由于；向，往(表示去向)；就而言”。The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我们大多数人最关心的是公共教育的质量问题。9without的用法表示“没有，缺乏；不和在一起；不用；不拿；不带”。It is a pity that David is away on business. Anyhow, youve got a great deal of time to tour in New York without him.很遗憾，大卫出差了。不管怎样，你有大量时间可以单独在纽约游览
124、。10against的用法(表示方位)倚靠着；(表示态度)反对；(表示对比)以为背景。An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。11beyond的用法(表示位置)在另一边；在更远处；(表示程度)超出；非所能及。Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动得无以言表
125、。题组微练(单句语法填空)1 2020浙江卷1月This aging of the population is driven _ two factors.22021四川绵阳高三诊断Cleaner air has been most noticeable. For example, _ April 3, people living in Jalandhar, a city in the north, woke up to a sight: snowcovered Himalayan mountains more than 160 kilometers away.32021山东省师大附中阶段性检测
126、The most important thing is to practice.You can do this _ joining such kind of clubs.考点二 固定搭配1.名词与介词搭配by accident 偶然by chance 碰巧on board 在船上(或飞机上、火车上)on business 因公出差on average 平均in charge 掌管，主管in particular 特别；尤其；详细地in place 适当的，恰当的in the distance 在远处in favo(u)r of 赞成；支持in honour of 为了纪念；对表示敬意in sp
127、ite of 尽管，虽然in turn 依次；转而in vain 徒劳in memory of 为纪念in return 作为回报in order 按顺序；处于良好状态2动词与介词搭配remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物call at 访问(某地)call for 要求；需要care about 关心do harm to 伤害fix ones eyes on 注视get rid of 免除；摆脱run out of 用完come up with 提出make fun of 取笑adapt to 适应refer to 涉及；查阅come
128、across (偶然)遇见pick up 捡起；用车接(某人)；接收；偶然习得3形容词与介词搭配be curious about 对好奇be proud of 因而自豪be popular with 受到的欢迎be anxious about 为忧虑be concerned about 对担心、忧虑be present at 出席be absent from 缺席be free from 免于题组微练(单句语法填空)12021昆明市 “三诊一模”The stores also allow plastic collectors to use the money they earn to pay
129、_ health care or school.22021云南省七校高考适应性考试三A couplet writer may show his feelings _ means of describing the scenery or expressing his wishes in his works.32021陕西省重点中学模拟The United Nations invites each person of any age，plus every classroom，business and government to join _ celebration of the Internati
130、onal Day of Happiness.42021长春市高三质量监测一They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides，many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing _ the trash.52021厦门市第二次质量检查In Singapore theres no better place to find Chinese medicines than in Chinatowna colorful and lively pla
131、ce, rich _ Chinese culture and history.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12021广州市综合检测二He even received a medal _ the Chinese government for his conservation efforts.22021山东师范大学附属中学模拟The giant panda，also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native _ south central China.32020全国卷The artist was finally humbled (谦
132、卑) by the greatest artist _ earth, Mother Nature.42020新高考山东卷Museums must compete _ peoples spare time and money with other amusements.52020浙江卷7月 Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived _ ，through agriculture.【答题微点】语法填空解题“2策略”1分析句子成分如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，
133、动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。2记牢搭配(1)注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用；(2)注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with或without。语法填空2021山东历城二中第一次模拟What you spend rather than what you earn 1._ (help) to determine how content you are with life, a new study says.Research from the Office for National Statistics found spending on hotels, rest
134、aurants and household furnishings was associated with life satisfaction. 2._ (unsurprising), spending on insurance and mobile phones was not. But the ONS said that overall spending and income mattered less than personal circumstances when 3._ (measure) life satisfaction. Good health, marital status
135、(婚姻状况) and economic activity had the strongest associations with how positively life satisfaction is rated.Its analysis found that age also mattered：the young have 4._ (high) life satisfaction than those in their forties but life satisfaction rises again in later years, before falling again for thos
136、e in their eighties. Living 5._ (condition) were also important. Those who own their homes think their life satisfaction is more highly than 6._ in poverty.But while spending is more important than income, households with 7._ income of between 24,000 and 44,000 would feel more 8._ (satisfy)if their
137、income increased, the ONS found. The ONS said, “There is no evidence of a significant association between household income 9._ life satisfaction overall after accounting for other characteristics, such as age, 10._ (marry) and so on.”第一部分掌握基础词法第一讲名词和数词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：seasons考查名词的单复数。根据常识和语境可知，
138、人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼，故填seasons。2答案与解析：companies考查名词的数。句意：民营企业占当地企业的90%以上，有100多家公司在国内外上市。根据空前的数字100可知，空处填company的复数形式，故填companies。3答案与解析：photos考查名词的数。photo为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式。4答案与解析：breaks考查名词复数。前面定语为more，意为更多的，后接名词复数。考点三1答案与解析：twentieth考查数词。句意：在19世纪和20世纪早期，捕鲸是澳大利亚的主要产业表示“在世纪”时，通常用序数词，故填twentieth。2答案与解析：
139、fifth考查数词。表示“五年级”应用序数词。3答案与解析：eighteenth考查数词。表示“第十八个生日”应用数词。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：homes考查名词的复数。分析句子可知，此处表示“没有住宅的人们”，home意为“住宅”时是可数名词，根据前面的people可知，这里指不止一个住宅，且home前面没有修饰词，所以应用其复数形式。2答案与解析：politicians考查名词的数。结合上下文可知，此处意为“选举政治家”，故应用名词作elect的宾语，且该名词作为定语从句的先行词，又由定语从句的谓语动词support判断主语that指代复数名词，故politic
140、ian是复数，故填politicians。3答案与解析：choices考查名词的数。句意：尽管人们对中医的了解和对中医的教育在减少，但中药仍在流行，直到今天，有些中药仍是人们的首选。few修饰可数名词的复数形式，choice的复数是choices。4答案与解析：numbers考查名词的单复数。根据下文的are可知这里需要填写number的复数形式。5答案与解析：dishes考查名词单复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。对点跟踪检测提升应试能力语法填空【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着上海垃圾分类条例的实施，垃圾分类和回收成为上海的热点话题。中国年轻的程序员利用声
141、像识别技术，将垃圾分类的工作变得如拍照或使用智能手机打电话一样容易。1答案与解析：that考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，作前面名词词组“Chinas first compulsory garbageseparation law”的同位语，解释说明该名词词组， 空处在从句中不充当句子成分，应用that引导该同位语从句。2答案与解析：categories考查名词的单复数。category为可数名词，根据该句中的“four”可知，该处用复数形式。3答案与解析：be fined考查动词的语态。句意：那些没能进行垃圾分类的人可能会被罚高达200元。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，该句
142、主语Those和动词fine之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。4答案与解析：worried考查形容词。分析该句结构可知，宾语为many people，空处作make的宾语补足语，故用形容词worried。5答案与解析：a考查冠词。“a number of”为固定搭配，意为“许多”。该处指“许多年轻的程序员”。6答案与解析：or考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后是选择关系。该处表示与拍照片或者使用智能手机打电话一样简单。故用连词or。7答案与解析：to考查固定搭配。“apply.to.”为固定搭配，意为“将应用于”。该处表示将声像识别技术应用于应用程序和其他智能手机的服务。8答案与解析：began考查
143、动词的时态。根据该句中的“last month”可知，此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。9答案与解析：to identify考查非谓语动词。该处表示允许用户输入垃圾的名称以识别它属于哪一类， 据此可知，此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。10答案与解析：becoming考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处为the Chinese的补足语，the Chinese和动词become为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式becoming。第二讲形容词、副词和比较等级突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：Interestingly考查副词。有趣地是，联合国甚至有一个卡通人物来代表这一天。此
144、处作状语修饰整个句子，应该用副词形式。2答案与解析：gradually考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词solve，应用副词形式，在句子中作状语，所以填gradually。3答案与解析：healthy考查形容词。此处表示成年人每晚需要至少七小时的睡眠来保持健康。stay healthy为固定搭配，意为“保持健康”。故填healthy。4答案与解析：truly考查副词用法。此处用副词修饰谓语动词。5答案与解析：However考查副词。前一句表述和其他遗作有几百甚至几千首的中国男性诗人相比，她只有八十七首，并结合空后的内容可知，此处前后形成转折，且修饰整个句子，所以填However。考点
145、二1答案与解析：more familiar考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的比较级符号than并结合语境可知，空处含有比较的含义，应用形容词的比较级，familiar为多音节词，比较级为more familiar，所以填more familiar。2答案与解析：fastest考查副词的最高级。句意：现在，中国不但有世界上发展最快的现代化的城市，而且风景也多种多样。设空处前有定冠词the，且在句中修饰growing，根据比较范围in the world可知，此处应用最高级形式，故填fastest。3答案与解析：greater考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in sch
146、ool”可知，空处与此处对应，应用形容词的比较级。4答案与解析：older考查形容词比较级。结合句意及下文的than before可知，这里意为“比以前更加年老”，故填older。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：severely考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰过去分词threatened，应用副词形式，所以填severely。2答案与解析：weekly考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词strike，weekly“每周的”，故填weekly。3答案与解析：actually考查副词。句意：然而，动物蛋白含量过高的饮食实际上会导致体重增加。此处lead是动词，由
147、副词修饰，所给词actual是形容词，其副词是actually。4答案与解析：affordable根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次是可以负担得起的。本句为主系表结构，故此处应该用形容词作表语，afford的形容词为affordable。5答案与解析：finest考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。6答案与解析：than考查连词。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。7答案与解析：higher此处表示这么做可能还会让你付出更高的健康代价。根据“even”可判断，此处要用形容词的比较级。对点跟踪检测提升应试能力语法填空【解题导语】本文是一
148、篇说明文。文章主要介绍福特汽车公司利用可回收塑料制出耐磨的汽车配件，这为人们回收利用废弃塑料提供了一个新的思路。1答案与解析：the考查冠词。on the increase是固定搭配，意为“正在增长”，故填定冠词the。2答案与解析：thrown考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已经有谓语动词has, 因此，空处是非谓语动词作后置定语。throw与被修饰词Much of other plastic是逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处表示动作已完成，故用过去分词thrown。3答案与解析：to cut考查非谓语动词。固定结构“try to do sth.” 意为“努力做某事”。try doing st
149、h.意为“尝试做某事”，与语境不符。4答案与解析：beneficial考查形容词。空处作定语修饰不定代词something, 需要用其形容词形式beneficial意为“有用的”。5答案与解析：is transforming考查动词的时态。句意：今天，为了努力减少碳排放量，这家公司正在把可回收塑料转变成汽车配件。根据时间状语“Today”和语境可知，此处表示动作正在发生，故用现在进行时。6答案与解析：specifically考查副词。此处作状语修饰句子，应该用副词。specifically意为“更确切地说”。7答案与解析：It考查代词。句意：如果我们使用固体塑料，这么大的一个配件很可能会有三倍
150、重。此处是It is likely for.to do sth.意为“很可能做某事”，其中It是形式主语，后面的不定式是真正的主语。8答案与解析：greenest考查形容词的最高级。根据前面的“the most durable and”可知，此处and连接两个并列的最高级修饰名词materials，故本空要填所给词的最高级形式。9答案与解析：companies考查名词的单复数。根据“one of the名词复数形式”结构可知，此处填companies。10答案与解析：that考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，hope后所跟的从句解释说明其内容，从句的成分和意义都是完整的，故用that引导该同位
151、语从句。第三讲词性转换突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：connection考查名词。根据空前的“make a new positive”和空后的“with others”可知，此处填名词connection“联系”作make的宾语。2答案与解析：organizations考查词性转换。空处与名词companies并列，表示不止一个组织，故此处用名词复数。3答案与解析：wisdom考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，空处应为名词，所以填wisdom。4答案与解析：length考查词性转换。此处表示一幅长达1014.37米的画作，根据空前的a和空后的of可知，此处应用名
152、词，a length of.“长达”，所以填length。5答案与解析：fitness考查名词。本空作动词improve的宾语，故填名词形式。fitness“健康”。6答案与解析：curiosity考查词性转换。介词with后应使用名词。考点二1答案与解析：creative考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词idea，应用形容词形式，所以填creative。2答案与解析：European考查词性转换。and前后为并列的形容词，共同修饰后面的名词短语calligraphic works，所以填European。3答案与解析：amazing考查词性转换。此处表示“令人惊讶的记忆”，应用形容词
153、修饰名词memories；amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，修饰物；amazed意为“大为惊奇的”，修饰人。故填amazing。4答案与解析：meaningful考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。用形容词修饰名词college experience。5答案与解析：gently考查词性转换。修饰动词moved应使用副词。6答案与解析：growth考查名词。句意：为何纯素食主义如此受欢迎？空格前有this修饰，与this一起做drive的宾语，要用grow 的名词形式growth。考点三1答案：broadened2答案：sharpen刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：successf
154、ul考查词性转换。 profession 为名词， 意为“职业”，故应用形容词修饰名词，故填successful。2答案与解析：wealthy考查词性转换。根据设空处后面的名词people可知，这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。3答案与解析：traditional考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。hugely考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugely。be hugely popular with非常受欢迎。4答案与解析：evidence句意：也没有证据表
155、明粉末或棒状物中的蛋白质比食物中的蛋白质更能提高运动成绩。固定句型：There is no evidence that.“没有证据”。该句中no后面用名词，名词后面是that引导的同位语从句。5答案与解析：impressive考查形容词。根据语境可知，表演非常令人难忘。根据句意可知该处用形容词作表语。6答案与解析：to film考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do sth.“用做”是固定用法，此处不定式作目的状语，所以填to film。completely考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词，修饰形容词new，所以填completely。对点跟踪检测提升应试能力语法填空【解题导语】
156、本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们的经历、信仰和个人形象之间的关系以及个人形象的重要性。我们的经历决定了我们的个人观点，我们的个人观点又创造出我们的个人形象。人生中最重要的就是我们对自己的看法与态度。1答案与解析：based考查形容词或非谓语动词。“be based on”是固定用法，意为“以为依据”，故此处可为形容词短语作后置定语；另外，“base sth. on sth.”也为固定用法，意为“以为依据”，此处“our beliefs, fears and opinions”与base为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式based。2答案与解析：what考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导
157、主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“的事物”，故填what。注意：that引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当成分。3答案与解析：ourselves考查代词。此处表示“我们对自己的看法”，故填反身代词ourselves。4答案与解析：or考查固定搭配。“either.or.”是固定搭配，意为“要么要么”，符合语境。5答案与解析：By考查介词。此处表示通过过真实的生活，做你自己， 你创造了一个关于你自己的形象。故用介词by, 意为“通过”。6答案与解析：to understand考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查不定式作真正的主语，it作形式主语的用法，故填to understand。7答案与解析
158、：growth考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空前的形容词性物主代词your的后面应跟名词，故填growth。8答案与解析：determines考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应与上下文用的一般现在时保持一致，且句子的主语是第三人称单数，故填determines。9答案与解析：confident考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空前的系动词be后应跟形容词作表语，故填confident。10答案与解析：circumstances考查名词的单复数。根据语境可知，此处表示各种情况，故填circumstances。第四讲冠词、代词和介词冠词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：a考
159、查冠词。根据下文的chance 可知， 这里语意表示“非常实际的一个可能性”， 故填不定冠词， 表示泛指。2答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指重庆市，故用定冠词the。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处表示一只大约人类拇指大小的棕色蝙蝠。the size of意为“的大小”，为固定用法，所以填the。4答案与解析：an考查冠词。句意：泉州作为一个国际港口，拥有大量出国的中国人，可以追踪到全球130多个国家和地区。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据句意可知，international port表示泛指，又因是元音开头，故填an。5答案与解析：the根据语境可知，此处的party特指上文中的“
160、a dance party”，所以填the。考点二1答案与解析：the考查冠词。根据空后的rise of science可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意表示“科学的兴起”，故填定冠词the，表示特指。2答案与解析：the考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the，表示“第几个”。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处指野生大熊猫的数量在增加。the number of是固定短语，意为“的数量”。故填the。4答案与解析：the考查冠词。items后有定语从句修饰，故用the表特指。5答案与解析：the考查冠词。one.the other.为固定用法。 此处特指另一组，应用定冠词，故填the。刷经典试题明晰
161、解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：an考查冠词。此处的honor意为“荣誉”，应用不定冠词修饰，且honor的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。2答案与解析：an考查冠词。an amount of为常见搭配，又amount前有increasing修饰，该词的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。in the long term“从长远来看”，所以用the。4答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。5答案与解析：a考查冠词。句意同上，way是可数名词，此处泛指“一种更有效的方式”，应该用不定冠词修饰，more的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
162、6答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指校服的款式相同，the same.“相同的”，故填the。代词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：its考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。2答案与解析：themselves考查反身代词。根据语境可知，主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身，此处应用反身代词形式，故答案为themselves。3答案与解析：them考查代词之人称代词。分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。they的宾格为them。4答案与解析：those考查代词。根据语境可知，空处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数
163、，故填代词those。5答案与解析：another句意为：在我看来，骑自行车是一个不错的解决方案。一方面，自行车不需要汽油，并且节能；另一方面，自行车也很环保，因为它们不会释放任何废气。for one thing，for another表示“一方面，另一方面”。考点二1答案与解析：it考查代词。句意：每年春节，在中国工业的中心地带，成千上万的骑摩托的人不畏寒冷的天气，骑摩托上路，下定决心回家。make it to sp.为固定搭配，意为“成功到某地”，home为副词，不与介词连用，make it home意为“成功到家”，故填it。2答案与解析：it分析句子结构可知，该宾语从句是it作形式主语
164、，动词不定式作真正主语的句子。3答案与解析：it考查代词。根据上文的“the railway quickly .”可知，此处用it代替the railway。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：my考查代词。分析句子结构可知， 此处的potential是名词， 意为“潜力”， 故此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词， 故填my。2答案与解析：their考查代词。句意：这位年轻的警察被他们的失子之痛所触动根据空后的loss and sadness(名词短语)可知，该空应填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。3答案与解析：itself考查反身代词。句意：江苏周庄自称“中国最古老的水
165、乡”。用反身代词itself作calls的宾语。4答案与解析：Its考查代词。句意：该节日的目的是对美国儿童表示庆祝，让人们重视“爱中成长”的重要性。设空处修饰名词aim，联系上句可知，此处表示此节日的目的，表示所属关系，指物，故用形容词性物主代词，又因设空处在句首，首字母要大写，故填Its。5答案与解析：them考查代词。此处应用they的宾格形式作动词smells和stores的宾语。故填them。6答案与解析：both考查固定搭配。both.and.为固定搭配，意为“两者都”。介词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：by考查介词。 空处位于表示被动的动词后， 故应该填by。2答案
166、与解析：on考查介词。根据后文April 3可知表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。3答案与解析：by考查介词。句意：你可以通过参加这样的俱乐部来做这件事。根据句意及后面的doing可知，此处用表达“通过”的介词。考点二1答案与解析：for考查介词。pay for sth.“为付款”是固定用法，所以填介词for。2答案与解析：by考查介词。此处表示“借助于”，故用介词by构成by means of“借助手段”短语。3答案与解析：in考查介词。联合国邀请每个年龄层的人以及每个教室、企业和政府一道庆祝国际幸福日。in celebration of “庆祝”。4答案与解析：with考查介词。此处考查动词
167、短语deal with“处理”。5答案与解析：in句意：在新加坡，没有比唐人街更好地找到中药的地方了，它是一个丰富多彩而充满生机的地方，有着丰富的中国文化和历史。(be)rich in“在方面丰富”。故填in。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：from考查介词。结合语境可知，空处表示来源，所以填from。2答案与解析：to考查介词。句意：大熊猫或被称为熊猫是中国南方本土动物。native to是固定短语，“本土的”，故填to。3答案与解析：on考查固定搭配。on earth“在世上”。4答案与解析：for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱
168、乐活动进行竞争”。compete for“为竞争”，故应用介词for。5答案与解析：in考查介词。live in是固定词组，表示“在地方生活”，故填in。对点跟踪检测提升应试能力语法填空【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究， 并列举了几种主要的能决定一个人对生活的满意程度的因素。1答案与解析：helps考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：一项新的研究表明，开支比收入更能决定一个人对生活的满意程度。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据本句的时态及空后的a new study says可知，本句介绍一般事实，应用一般现在时，且此处主语为从句，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填help
169、s。2答案与解析：Unsurprisingly考查词性转换。句意：保险和手机方面的支出与对生活的满意度没有关联， 这不足为奇。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰整个句子， 应填副词，故填Unsurprisingly。3答案与解析：measuring考查非谓语动词。句意：但英国国家统计局表示， 在衡量生活满意度时，总体支出和收入的重要性低于个人情况。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词mattered, 因此measure应用非谓语形式，且measure与其逻辑主语the ONS之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填measuring。4答案与解析：higher考查形容词的比较级。句意：分析发现
170、年龄也很重要：年轻人的生活满意度比40多岁的人高， 但生活满意度在之后几年会再次上升， 而80多岁的人则会再次下降。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作定语，根据设空处后的than可知，此处应用比较级，故填higher。5答案与解析：conditions考查名词的单复数。句意：生活条件也很重要。分析句子结构可知，设空处作主语，应用名词。且空后谓语动词为复数形式，故此处名词也应用复数形式。故填conditions。“living conditions”意为“生活条件”。6答案与解析：those考查代词。句意：那些拥有自己的家的人认为自己的生活满意度比贫困人口高。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句子中作宾语
171、，指代“贫困的人”，表示泛指，故填those。7答案与解析：an考查冠词。句意：但英国国家统计局发现， 尽管支出比收入更重要， 但收入在2.4万至4.4万英镑之间的家庭， 如果收入增加， 会感到更满足。“an income of.”为固定搭配，意为“的收入”，故填an。8答案与解析：satisfied考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句子中作表语，应用形容词。结合句意可知，此处表示“感到满意的”，故填satisfied。9答案与解析：and考查连词。句意：英国国家统计局说：“没有证据表明，在考虑到年龄、婚姻等其他特征后，家庭收入与总体生活满意度之间存在显著的关联。”分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为between.and.结构， 表示“在与之间”，故填and。10答案与解析：marriage考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中与age作并列宾语，应用名词。故填marriage。