1、Section Grammar(不定式、v.-ing形式和v.-ed形式作表语)找出下列句子中的表语1.(教材P38)Every artists wish is to create something that expresses an idea. to create2.(教材P39)One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his childrens toys. turning3.(教材P39)He was particularly interested in the old story about a fish jumping th
2、rough the “Dragon Gate”. interested4.(教材P39)To listen to Tans music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences.to experience5.(教材P39)Yang Lipings passion is dancing. dancing不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词都可用作表语,但它们所表示的含义却各不相同。一、概念什么是表语?从形式上讲,位于系动词后的成分就是表语。从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的
3、语法成分。如:Albert Einstein is a famous physicist.阿尔伯特爱因斯坦是一位著名的物理学家。The problem remains unsolved.这个问题仍未解决。 二、相关语法精讲1.不定式、动名词与分词作表语的区别。不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语,含义是回答主语“是什么”;分词作表语相当于形容词作表语,含义是回答主语“怎么样”。如:Our plan is to keep the affair secret.我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。Their job is making wheelchairs for disabled people.他
4、们的工作是为残疾人制造轮椅。The music they are playing sounds exciting.他们正在演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。This beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world.这个美丽的村庄仍未被外界所知。2.不定式和动名词作表语的区别。不定式和动名词作表语虽然都用于回答主语“是什么”,但二者仍有一些区别。不定式作表语强调的是一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作;动名词作表语强调的是一般性的、抽象的、经常发生的动作。如:His job is to paint the walls.他的工作是粉刷这些墙
5、。(一次性的、具体的、目前要做的事情,并不是他日常的工作)His job is painting walls.他的工作是粉刷墙。(这是他日常的工作)3.现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别。现在分词和过去分词作表语都用于回答主语“怎么样”。现在分词说明主语的特征,过去分词说明主语的状态。如:This dog is frightening.这条狗让人害怕。(说明狗的特征)This dog is frightened.这条狗有些害怕。(说明狗的状态)Climbing is tiring and we are completely tired after a days climbing.爬山是累人的,爬了
6、一天山,我们都累坏了。(tiring说明爬山的特征,tired说明“我们”的状态)4.不定式作表语和不定式表示将来时的区别。不定式作表语用于说明主语“是什么”,和主语之间是相等的;不定式用来表示主语即将要执行的动作时,和主语之间是不相等的。如:What he wanted to suggest is to cut down the price and increase the sales.他想建议的是降价促销。My American teacher is to leave China soon.我的美国老师很快就要离开中国了。注意当主语部分含有动词do 的某种形式时,作表语的不定式可以省略to
7、。如:All you need to do is (to) press the button.你所要做的就是按一下按钮。5.动名词作表语和现在分词用于进行时的区别。动名词作表语说明主语“是什么”;现在分词用于进行时时,说明主语正在执行的动作。如:Her work is taking care of the children.她的工作是照顾小孩。(说明主语“是什么”)She is taking care of the children. 她正在照料小孩。(说明她正在执行的动作)6.过去分词作表语和过去分词用于被动语态的区别。过去分词作表语说明主语所处的状态;过去分词用于被动语态说明主语所承受的动
8、作。如:The cup is broken.杯子碎了。(说明杯子所处的状态)The cup was broken by Peter. 杯子是被彼得打坏的。(说明杯子承受的动作)The painting remains unfinished. 这幅画仍未完成。(说明画的状态)The painting was finished by his apprentice.(说明画承受的动作)这幅画是由他的徒弟完成的。.单句填空1.She told me that she was not satisfied (satisfy) with my examination results.2.If you hap
9、pen to get lost (lose) in the wild, youd better stay where you are and wait for help. 3.He is making (make) an experiment to test the new drug now.4.The purpose of education is to develop(develop) a fine personality in children.5.Please remain seated (seat) until the plane has come to a complete sto
10、p.6.My task is to clean (clean) the classroom this afternoon.7.The news was very exciting (excite). After hearing the news, we felt quite happy.8.The window was broken (break) by Tom yesterday.9.All that I did all morning was (to) prepare(prepare) the meal.10.In the coming three years, our school li
11、fe will be challenging (challenge).语法与主题写作1.写作要点根据本单元语法知识和主题知识补全句子。刘欢,中国流行歌手之一,因其动听的歌曲而闻名。Liu Huan, one of the pop singers in China, is famous for his beautiful songs.除流行歌曲外,他还擅长多种风格的演唱,从摇滚到民族歌曲不等。Apart from pop songs, he is good at singing songs of different styles, ranging from rock to folk songs.
12、他不仅是一名歌手,而且还是一位作词家和作曲家,为多部电影和电视剧作词、作曲并演唱。He is not only a singer but also a songwriter and composer. He wrote, composed and sang for many movies and TV plays.刘欢对从事公众事务很感兴趣,多次应邀为许多国际体育盛会创作并演唱主题歌。Liu Huan is interested in taking up public affairs and he has been invited to write and sing theme songs f
13、or many international sports events.在2008年北京奥运会上,他演唱了主题歌我和你(You and Me),激发了人们对体育的热情,拉近了世界人民的心。In the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, he sang the theme song You and Me, which inspired peoples enthusiasm for sports and brought the hearts of people all around the world closer.2.串句成文将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的
14、短文。Liu Huan, one of the pop singers in China, is famous for his beautiful songs. Apart from pop songs, he is good at singing songs of different styles, ranging from rock to folk songs. He is not only a singer but also a songwriter and composer. And he wrote, composed and sang for many movies and TV
15、plays. Liu Huan is interested in taking up public affairs and he has been invited to write and sing theme songs for many international sports events. In the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, he sang the theme song You and Me, which inspired peoples enthusiasm for sports and brought the hearts of people all around the world closer.