1、Period Further Reading 课前预习案一 短语互译A 从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1.make contribution_ 2. instead of_3.as far as I know_ 4. in ones opinion_5. in the bottom of_B.从文中找出与下列释义对应的英文 6准备好做 _ 7. 飞开,飞走 _8. 浮起 _ 9. 大量 _ 10.很多 _ 11. 挂断_ 12. 听说 _ 13. 落入 _1. On the end of every dandelion seed is a tiny . 这是一个_句, 正常语序为_.
2、一、完全倒装 完全倒装是把谓语动词完全置于主语前,其中主语必须是名词,若为代词则不倒装,须用完全倒装的情况有: 1. 当句首为副词 out , in, up , down , off , here , there 等,且主语为名词时,应用完全倒装。如: 1)In came the doctor. 医生进来了。 2)There goes the bell. 铃响了。 2. 当表示地点的介词短语位于句首,且主语为名词时,应用完全倒装。如: 1)On top of the hill stands a big pine tree. 2)Under the tree were some children
3、. 3. 在 there be 结构中, there 为引导词, be 动词之后为句子的主语,属完全倒装, be 应与主语保持一致。除 be 以外,能与 there 连用的动词还有 seem , exist , happen , appear , live , stand 等。如: 1)There were a lot of people in the park last Sunday. 2)Once there lived a king who was cruel to his people. 3) There seems to be something wrong with it.4. 作
4、表语的形容词、过去分词等较短,而主语相对比较长,为了保持句子平衡而将表语前置时,句子的主谓也应完全倒装。如: 1)Gone are the days when we Chinese were looked down upon. 2)Present at the meeting were Professor White, Mr Li and other guests.二、部分倒装 部分倒装则是将助动词调到主语前,主语可以是名词也可以是代词。通常应使用部分倒装的情况有: 1. 当句首为否定或半否定词 never , neither , nor , little , seldom , hardly
5、, scarcely , in no way ,few , not , no 等时,应用部分倒装。如: 1)Seldom does he spend his time playing cards. 2)Never have I heard of that place before. 2. only 修饰时间、地点、方式、原因等状语时,应用部分倒装。如: 1) Only in this way can we solve the problem. 2) Only when you told me did I know her name. 注意:如果 only 修饰的不是状语,则句子不倒装。如: O
6、nly Uncle Li knows how it happened. 3. 表示对前者的陈述也适用后者时,肯定倒装用“ so + 助动词情态动词 + 后者”,否定倒装用“ neither / nor + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 后者”。如果前后动词类型不同或既有肯定又有否定,用句型:So it is with.如: 1) He can speak English, so can I. 2) If she doesnt go there tomorrow, neither / nor will I. 3) My mother likes music but she cant sing. So it is with mine.注意“ so + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语”与“ so + 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词”的区别: Li Lei likes sports. 李雷喜欢运动。 So he does and so do I. 他的确喜欢,我也是的。 2. except for用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系,其意思为: 1)Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper.2)The movie was good except for the ending.