1、Section Developing ideasEmojis：a new language?While waiting outside the cafeteria， I received the following message from my friend：It took me a minute 1before I realised what it meant.The signs 2he used were to say that hed be running late and would be there soon.Instead of replying with a simple “O
2、K, dont rush”， I searched for emojis on my phone 3that would express the same message：1before引导时间状语从句；what引导宾语从句。2he used为定语从句，修饰名词signs，从句省略了关系代词that或which。3that引导定语从句，修饰名词emojis。This was my attempt to follow the trend of communicating with emojis.Emojis are used everywhere, from text messages to e
3、mails, blogs and other social media networks.With the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral component of the language 4we use to express ourselves.4本句为定语从句，修饰the language，从句省略关系代词that或which。The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally meaning “picture character”Emojis
4、 are small symbols 5representing ideas, emotions or feelings.They come in different categories， such as faces and people, plants and animals, and food and drink.5现在分词短语作定语，修饰small symbols。6When first introduced in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3,000
5、 emojis 7that expand upon the way in which we communicate.Due to their popularity, the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first time ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.6本句为时间状语从句的省略形式，when后省略了主语和系动词emojis were。7that引导定语从句，修饰名词emojis；in which引导定语从句，修饰the way。In to
6、days world, emojis have become more and more popular.8It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language. People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use.In fact, this is similar to the gestures 9we use when we speak.10With a smiling or sad face added
7、 to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words.Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words.For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just send them a string of crying faces 11 to
8、 express your sadness over your separation.8It作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。9we use为定语从句，修饰the gestures，从句省略了关系代词that或which。10本句为with复合结构。11动词不定式短语作目的状语。emoji n表情符号cafeteria n自助餐厅sign n符号；记号rush v(使)仓促行事，匆忙行事，做事草率trend n趋势；趋向；倾向integral adj.不可缺少的component n组成部分literally adv.按字面，字面上category n类别be limited to 限于e
9、xpand v(使)扩大；增加for the first time 第一次pictograph n象形图have advantages over 有胜过的优势emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的gesture n手势，姿势facial adj.脸上的；面部的a string of 一连串的；一系列的，一批The use of emojis has even spread to classical literature.A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeares popular pl
10、ays and replaced some words with textspeak and emojis.The intention of these adaptations is 12to make the classics more accessible to young readers.Some people, however, believe that these new versions have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeares plays.12动词不定式短语作表语。As we can see, emojis have a
11、 tendency to pop up all over the place.Users of emojis say 13that they facilitate the way in which we communicate and express ourselves.But this makes others, especially educators， worry 14that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word.After al
12、l, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call? Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget 15 how to write properly.On that day, emojis will have become a real pictorial “language”But, for now, maybe 16its best that we
13、 just enjoy using them.13that引导宾语从句；in which引导定语从句，修饰the way。14that引导宾语从句；动词不定式短语to communicate properly作定语，修饰the ability；现在分词短语using the written word, or even the spoken word作方式状语。15“疑问词动词不定式”结构作宾语。16it作形式主语；that引导的从句作真正的主语。textspeak n短信简写语intention n意图，目的adaptation n改编accessible adj.易懂的version n版本
14、，改编形式，改写本soul n精神tendency n趋势facilitate v促进；使便利educator n教育工作者pictorial adj.图画的参考译文表情符号：一门新语言？在自助餐厅外等待的时候，我收到了朋友发来的信息：我花了一分钟才理解这条消息的意思，这些符号是想说他要迟到了，会尽快过来。我没有简单地回复“好，别着急”，而是从手机上搜索了几个表达相同意思的表情符号：这是我追随使用表情符号交流这一潮流的一次尝试。表情符号无处不在，从短信到电子邮件、博客以及其他社交媒体网络都会使用表情符号。随着社交媒体的飞速发展，表情符号正在成为我们用于表达自我的语言不可或缺的一部分。“Emoj
15、i”一词源于日语，字面意思是“图画文字”。表情符号是表示想法、情绪或感受的小图标。它们可分为不同类别，比如面部表情和人物、动植物、食品饮料等。1999年，表情符号首次在日本推出，当时只有176个简单的图案。现在我们能使用3,000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。由于表情符号的风靡，牛津词典2015年的年度词汇是，这是图画文字首次替代了传统意义上的单词。在当今世界，表情符号越来越受欢迎。表情符号似乎比书面语言更具明显优势。人们喜欢它们，因为它们增添了语言的情感含义，使用方便快捷。事实上，这就像我们说话时用的手势一样。当在信息或帖子中加一个微笑表情或悲伤表情时，你的读者在读你写的内容时就能“看到
16、”你的面部表情。表情符号还能帮助人们在找不到合适的词汇时表达他们的感受。举个例子，假如你的朋友将要搬去另一个国家，你可以发给他们一串哭脸，来表达自己对于你们将要分离的忧伤之情。表情符号的使用甚至蔓延到经典文学之中。一套为年轻读者写的、内容取材于威廉莎士比亚流行戏剧的系列丛书，就把书中一些词语更换为短信简写语和表情符号。这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。然而，也有人认为这些新版本剥夺了莎士比亚戏剧的精髓。正如我们所见，表情符号的趋势是变得越来越随处可见。表情符号的使用者声称它们更便于我们沟通交流、表达自我。但是这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心我们正在失去使用书面语甚至口语来正确
17、沟通的能力。毕竟，现如今，我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话？或许有一天，人们会选择用图片来交流，忘记了怎样正确书写。到那一天，表情符号将成为真正的图画“语言”。但是现在，或许我们最好还是享受使用它们的乐趣吧！Step One：Prereading Do you often use emojis when you send messages to your friends? Discuss in pairs and guess what the following emojis mean.1 2 3 4 5 答案：1.茶余饭后2.余音绕梁3.鸡飞蛋打4.掩耳盗铃5.
18、走马观花Step Two：Whilereading.Read for the main ideaThe text mainly tells us the history and development of emojis and their popularity.Read for detailsRead the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1What is the original meaning of “emoji”？APicture character.BPictorial language.CEmotional pictur
19、e.DEmotional symbol.2When were emojis first introduced in Japan?AIn 1988.BIn 1998.CIn 1999.DIn 2009.3Compared with written language, emojis have many advantages EXCEPT that .Aemojis are quick and easy to useBemojis can express meanings more clearlyCemojis can add emotional meaning to the languageDem
20、ojis can help people express feelings when they cant find the appropriate words4What is the authors attitude to the popularity of emojis?ASupportive.BNeutral.CSkeptical.DCritical.答案：14ACBAStep Three：Postreading阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Emojis are small symbols representing ideas, emotions or f
21、eelings.When first 1.introduced (introduce) in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in 2.which we communicate.Due to their 3.popularity (popular), the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first tim
22、e ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.People like them because they add 4.emotional (emotion) meaning and are quick and easy 5.to use (use)With a smiling or sad face added 6.to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while 7.reading (read) your words.Emojis can a
23、lso help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words.The use of emojis 8.has spread (spread) to classical literature in the last few years.As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.But this makes others, 9.especially (especial) educators, worry
24、that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word.But, for now, maybe 10.it is best that we just enjoy using them.重点单词1lay a solid foundation 奠定坚实的基础2a key component 一个关键的组成部分 3the reconstruction of the old temple 旧庙的重建4a childs emotional and inte
25、llectual development 儿童的情感和智力发展5a growing tendency 增加的趋势6economic development 经济发展7the end of an era 一个时代的终结8expand the business 扩大生意9facilitate further cultural exchanges促进进一步的文化交流10With the intention of becoming attractive in the activity, many young women intend to wear traditional costumes and b
26、eautiful decorations.(intend)11Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village, so it is not accessible to the outside now.(access)掌握规律巧记单词1以ible结尾形容词一览horrible令人不快的terrible 可怕的accessible 易接近的sensible 明智的flexible 可弯曲的digestible 易消化的2以ency结尾的高频名词集锦emergency 紧急情况efficiency 效率，功率tendency 趋向，趋势fluen
27、cy 流利，流畅frequency 频率urgency 紧急.重点短语1The noise of your radio must be limited to (限于) a level that we can all bear.2I believe the agreement will pave the way (铺平道路) for further cooperation between us.3Tom felt very nervous because he gave the speech for the first time (第一次)4She has an advantage over (
28、有胜过的优势) other applicants because she can speak fluent English and French.5He asked a string of (一连串的) questions concerning his job.6Thanks to reform and openingup (改革开放) policy, China has taken on a new look.7This book will break new ground (打开了新天地) in the study of English idioms.8We should ensure t
29、hat all the people share the fruits (分享成果) of development.典型句式1教材原句It took me a minute before I realised what it meant.句式分析before引导时间状语从句佳句仿写You have to wait another two days before he comes back.你得再等两天他才会回来。2教材原句People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use.句式分析
30、“主语be形容词to do”句型佳句仿写This cloth is easy to wash.这个布料很容易洗。3教材原句Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly.句式分析“疑问词动词不定式”结构作宾语佳句仿写Can you tell me when to begin the final examination?你能告诉我们什么时候开始期末考试吗？1expand v(使)扩大；增加；膨胀；细谈，详述(教材P33)Now there are mor
31、e than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate.现在我们能使用3,000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。(1)expand into 扩展成，扩大成；进军expand .into . 把扩展成为expand on/upon 更充分地阐述；详谈(2)expansion n. 扩张，扩展，扩大，膨胀(经典佳句)We need to expand external exchanges and cooperation, which is a driving force of our growth.我们要扩大对外
32、交流与合作，这是我们发展的驱动力。练透一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空I will expand on this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it.v.细谈，详述 We all know that heat causes an object to expand and cold cause it to contract.v.膨胀 The teacher is teaching the students how to expand one sentence into a paragraph.Due t
33、o the continuous expansion (expand) of business, we need to employ more workers.写美完成句子The company is eager to expand into new markets.那家公司急欲进军新的市场。2intention n意图，目的(教材P33)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。intend v计划，打算
34、intend to do/doing sth. 打算/想要做某事intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事had intended to do .intended to have done . 原本打算做be intended for 打算为所用，专为而设计的(经典佳句)Good intention may sometimes lead to the adverse result.好的意图有时可能会导致相反的结果。练透单句语法填空They intended to launch/launching (launch) a campaign to raise money for th
35、e project.His father intended him to study (study) medicine but he decided to join the army.The stadium being built at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games.写美一句多译昨晚我原本打算去拜访你的，可是下起雨来了。I had intended to visit you last night, but it rained.I intended to have visited you last night
36、, but it rained.名师指津had intended to .表示本打算做某事，但实际没做成。有类似用法的动词还有：plan, hope, think等。3adaptation n改编；改编本，改写本；适应(教材P33) The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。(1)adapt v使适应；使适合；改编；改写adapt ( .) to (使)适应于adapt oneself to (doing)
37、 sth. 使某人自己适应(做)某事adapt . from . 根据改编或改写adapt .for . 改编或改作之用(2)adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的(经典佳句)Do you think the film adaptation was faithful to the book?你认为这部电影的改编忠于原著吗？练透单句语法填空The famous expert adapted his speech to the interests of his audience.Having resigned from his position, the old man is tryin
38、g to adapt himself (he) to his new life.Though the adaptation (adapt) of the novel was not perfect, it attracted millions of peoples attention.All in all, successful businesses are highly adaptable (adapt) to economic change.写美完成句子This film is adapted from the novel of the same title.这部电影是根据同名小说改写的。
39、易混辨析adopt和adapt意义不同： adopt意为“采纳；收养”， adapt意为“改编；适应”。4tendency n趋势(教材P33)As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.正如我们所见，表情符号的趋势是变得越来越随处可见。(1)have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的趋势(2)tend v. 往往会；照看tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会做某事tend (to) sb. 照顾某人tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于(经典佳句)The decli
40、ne of literature indicates the decline of a nation; the two keep in their downward tendency.文学的衰落表明一个民族的衰落。这两者走下坡路的趋势是齐头并进的。练透单句语法填空There is a growing tendency (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.Personally, I tend to/towards the second plan, because it is more reasonable.Obese p
41、eople tend to have (have) higher blood pressure than lean people.写美完成句子We tend to make mistakes when we do things in a hurry.当我们匆忙做事时，往往会犯错误。5convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的(教材P35)What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point convincing? 为了使这一点令人信服，作者给出了哪些支持性论据？(1)convince v使确信，使信服；说服，
42、劝说convince sb.that . 使某人确信convince sb.of sth. 使某人信服某事convince sb.to do sth. 说服/劝说某人做某事(2)convinced adj. 坚信的，确信的be convinced of sth./that 坚信；确信(经典佳句)Can you bring forth convincing evidence to clear yourself? 你能拿出令人信服的证据证明你的清白吗？练透单句语法填空There is convincing (convince) evidence that listening to loud mus
43、ic can do great harm to our hearing.We tried to convince him to change (change) his mind, but in vain.Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.写美完成句子You should be convinced of your ability to deal with it.你应该坚信你处理这件事的能力。联想发散“动词sb.of sth.”集锦：accuse sb.
44、of sth.控告某人犯某事(罪)，指责某人做某事cheat sb.of sth. 骗取某人某物cure sb.of sth. 治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某情况(事)remind sb.of sth. 使某人想起某情况(事)rid sb.of sth. 使某人摆脱某物rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人的某样东西warn sb.of sth. 警告某人有某种情况1句型公式：“主语be形容词to do”句型(教材P33) People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are qu
45、ick and easy to use.人们喜欢它们，因为它们增添了语言的情感含义，使用方便快捷。(1)在“主语be形容词to do”句型中，动词不定式的逻辑宾语就是句子的主语，通常以主动形式表被动意义。常用于此种结构的一些形容词有：easy，interesting，hard，difficult, impossible，comfortable等。(2)动词不定式中的动词(短语)为不及物动词时，需要加适当的介词，使句子主语与这个动词短语构成动宾关系。(经典佳句)The little boy is very outgoing so he is easy to get along with.这个小男
46、孩很外向，所以很容易相处。练透单句语法填空Todays homework was easy to do (do), so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand (understand)The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.写美完
47、成句子The question is difficult for me to answer.这个问题对我来说很难回答。2句型公式：“疑问词动词不定式”结构(教材P33)Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly.或许有一天，人们会选择用图片来交流，忘记怎样正确书写。(1)“疑问词动词不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词who，what，which和疑问副词when，where，how。(2)在“疑问代词动词不定式”结构中，不定
48、式常用主动形式表示被动意义。(3)“疑问词动词不定式”结构可转换为从句。(4)“疑问词动词不定式”结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。(经典佳句)You have to know how to handle yourself in this business.你必须知道在这件事上如何把握自己。练透单句语法填空When and where to build (build) the new building has not been decided.Therere so many kinds of cups on sale that I cant make up my mind which one to buy (buy)I was at a loss and didnt know what to do (do) next.写美句型转换I dont know how I can make her happy.I dont know how to make her happy.