1、课时作业(二十八)选修Units12.阅读理解A2021贵州普通高等学校招生适应性测试Theresoneeasythingyoucandoeverydaytolivelongerandhappier, accordingtoarecentstudy, andithasnothingtodowithdiet, exercise, orcuttingoutbadhabits.Areviewofnearly150studieswithmorethan300,000participantsfoundthathavingactivesocialcirclesdecreasesyourchancesofd
2、yingby50percent, regardlessofage, genderormedicalhistory.“Whenweresocial, welivelonger，”Dr.KelliHardingnoted.“Lonelinessismoreofariskfactortohealththanotherknownriskfactors, likehighbloodpressureandobesity.”ThefindingsarewrittenupinDr.Hardingsnewbook, TheRabbitEffect, whichisabouthowkindness, rather
3、thanlaughter, maybethebestmedicine.Thebookgetsitstitlefromafamous1978studyoftherelationshipbetweencholesterol (胆固醇) andhearthealthinrabbits.Researchersaccidentallydiscoveredthatthoserabbitsthatreceivedthemostaffectionfromtheirhumanhandlerslivedmuchlongerthantheothers.Weliveinaworldwheremostofoursoci
4、alinteractionshappenthroughourphones.Buttogetthehealthbenefitsofamoreactivesocialcircle, youdonthavetothrowawayyourdeviceandjoinabookclub.Morecasualinteractionswithneighbors, shopowners, andothersyoumeeteverydaycando_the_trick.Increasingly, thoserelationshipscanstartonline.ThatswhereNextdoorcomesin.
5、Thestatedpurposeofthecompanyis“tocultivateakinderworldwhereeveryonehasaneighborhoodtheycandependon”Whenaskedforadviceononethingyoucandotolivelongerandhappier, Dr.Hardingsaiditperfectly, “Bekind.Itsactuallyprettyamazinghowmucheachpersoncanmaketheworldabetter, kinder, healthierplace.Itreallytakesveryl
6、ittleandyouneverknowtheimpactyouhaveonsomebody.”1WhatdoweknowaboutTheRabbitEffect?AItstitlecomesfromastudy.BItsareportabouthearthealth.CLaughtercouldcurediseases.DRabbitscouldhelplivelonger.2WhatsthepurposeofNextdoor?AToadvocateonlineshoppingtosavetime.BTooffertheneighborhoodsportsfacilities.CTosett
7、letheargumentsamongthefamilies.DTocreateaharmoniouscommunitytorelyon.3Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dothetrick”inParagraph4mean?AImprovehealthandwellness.BSetuponlinerelationships.CBuildahappyandwarmfamily.DKeepawayfrombadhabits.4WhatcanbeinferredfromDr.HardingswordsinthelastParagraph?AWecanlookforaki
8、ndneighborhood.BWeshouldbekindtoanimalsinthewild.CEverysmallactofkindnesscanmakeadifference.DAllkindsofsocialactivitiescanmakeabetterworld.B2021包头、赤峰部分学校第一次模拟Youveprobablyhearditsuggestedthatyouneedtomovemorethroughouttheday, andasageneralruleofthumb, that“more”isoftendefined (给下定义) asaround10,000st
9、eps.WithmanyAmericanstrackingtheirstepsvianewfitnesstrackingwearables, orevenjustbycarryingtheirphone, moreandmorepeopleusethe10,000stepruleastheirmarkerforhealthyliving.Dr.GregHager, professorofcomputerscienceatJohnsHopkins, decidedtotakeacloserlookatthat10,000steprule, andhefoundthatusingitasastan
10、dardmaybedoingmoreharmthangoodformany.“Itturnsoutthatin1960inJapantheyfiguredoutthattheaverageJapaneseman, whenhewalked10,000stepsadayburnedsomethinglike3,000caloriesandthatiswhattheythoughttheaveragepersonshouldconsumesotheypicked10,000stepsasanumber，”Hagersaid.AccordingtoHager, askingeveryonetosho
11、otfor10,000stepseachdaycouldbeharmfultotheelderlyorthosewithmedicalconditionsthatmakeitunwiseforthemtojumpintothatlevelofexercise, evenifitswalking.Thebottomlineisthat10,000stepsmaybetoomanyforsomeandtoofewforothers.Healsonotedthatthosewithshorterlegshaveaneasiertimehittingthe10,000stepgoalbecauseth
12、eyhavetotakemorestepsthanpeoplewithlongerlegstocoverthedistance.Itseemsthat10,000stepsmaybesuitableforthelatter.Amorerecentstudyfocusedonolderwomenandhowmanystepscanhelpmaintaingoodhealthandpromotelongevity (长寿).Thestudyincludednearly17,000womenwithanaverageageof72.Researchersfoundthatwomenwhotook4,
13、400stepsperdaywereabout40%lesslikelytodieduringafollowupperiodofjustoverfouryears, comparedtowomenwhotook2,700steps.Interestingly, womeninthestudywhowalkedmorethan7,500stepseachdaygotnoextraboostinlongevity.5Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?AThephonerecording.BThe10,000steprule.CTheh
14、ealthyliving.DThefitnesstrackingmethod.6WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?AHowmanystepsaJapanesewalks.BHowwecalculatetheamountofsteps.CIfburning3,000caloriesdailyisscientific.DWhere10,000stepsadaycamefrom.7Whowillprobablybenefitfrom10,000stepseachdayaccordingtoHager?ASeniorcitizens.BYoungshortlegged
15、people.CHealthylongleggedpeople.DWeakindividuals.8Howmanystepsmaytheresearcherssuggestseniorcitizenstakeeachday?A4,400steps.B10,000steps.C2,700steps.D7,500steps.完形填空2021武汉市部分学校质量检测Myjourneytoisolation( 隔离 ) wassomewhataccidental.Isawanadvertisementforajobasaleaderforanexpedition( 探险 ) toAntarcticaan
16、dIhaveto_1_itwasthepenguinintheadthat_2_myattention.Theadnotedthattheywerelookingforsomeonetoleada_3_ofexpeditionersinoneofthemost_4_andisolatedplacesontheplanet.Itookpartinan_5_andthengotajobthatIknewIwouldregretifIdidnt_6_it.Leading18strangersforafullyearthroughmonthsofdarknessandwithno_7_fromthef
17、reezingcoldIlearnedsome_8_lessons.Afterthejourney, Iwrotetwobestsellingbooksandbecameamotivationalspeaker.BeinginisolationmeantIhadtodolotsof_9_.Ikepta_10_，andeverydayIwouldthink_11_abouthowIhadoperatedasaleader.Thatdisciplineof_12_myselftaughtmehowtotellrightfromwrong.Ioftenthinkbackto_13_Isawthepi
18、ctureofthepenguinthat_14_metolookattheadforthejob.Itsamomentthat_15_mylifecompletely.1A.admitB.believeC.indicateD.realize2A.demandedB.deservedC.caughtD.needed3A.floodB.coupleC.teamD.handful4A.awfulB.remoteC.promisingD.disturbing5A.experimentB.interviewC.electionD.investigation6A.makeforB.prepareforC
19、.registerforD.gofor7A.escapeB.departureC.protectionD.defence8A.hardB.powerfulC.privateD.terrible9A.serviceB.repairC.studyD.reflection10A.petB.secretC.journalD.promise11A.clearlyB.carefullyC.highlyD.badly12A.evaluatingB.forgivingC.behavingD.enjoying13A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how14A.enabledB.permittedC.all
20、owedD.inspired15A.improvedB.formedC.endedD.changed.应用文写作2021潍坊市二模假定你是李华，受母亲影响，喜欢中国传统手工艺刺绣。最近，得知你的英国朋友Lisa正在苏州学习刺绣。请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：1询问学习情况；2分享你的作品；3希望保持交流。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。提示词：刺绣embroidery_课时作业(二十八).阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我健康生活积极参与社交活动能延年益寿【语篇解读】研究发现，孤独比高血压、肥胖等对人的健康危害大，而积极的社交活动能延长人的寿命。本文还介绍了成为友
21、善的人能让人活得更久、更快乐。1答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“The book gets its title from a famous 1978 study of the relationship between cholesterol(胆固醇) and heart health in rabbits.”可知，兔子效应这本书的书名来自1978年所做的一项兔子中胆固醇和心脏健康的关系的研究，故A项正确。2答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句“The stated purpose of the company is to cultivate a kinder world w
22、here everyone has a neighborhood they can depend on”可知，Nextdoor 的目的是建立一个更友善的世界，在那里每个人都有一个可以依靠的社区，故D项正确。3答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第四段第二句可知，为了从一个比较积极的社交圈中得到健康好处，你不用扔掉你的设备，加入一个书友会；结合第三句“More casual interactions with neighbors, shop owners, and others you meet every day can do the trick.”可知，和邻居、商店店主以及你每天遇到的人较随意的
23、互动可以改善健康状况。故A项正确。4答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据尾段Dr.Harding 所说的话“Be kind. Its actually pretty amazing.you never know the impact you have on somebody.”可知，Dr. Harding告诫人们要善良，他认为每个人都能让世界变得更美好、更友善、更健康，而且只需要付出很少；你永远不知道你对某个人的影响。据此可以推知，每一个小的善举都会有作用，故C项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会健康一天一万步【语篇解读】很多人都认为一天一万步有益于身体健康。科学家经过研究发现，这并不一定
24、。一万步对一些人来说太多了，而对另一些人来说太少了。5答案与解析：B考查代词指代。根据第一段中的“Dr. Greg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10,000step rule”(约翰霍普金斯大学计算机科学教授Greg Hager博士决定进一步研究这条一万步法则)可知，他发现将每日一万步作为一种标准可能对许多人弊大于利，故答案为B。6答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。第二段主要介绍了每日一万步这一流行健康标准的起源，故答案为D。7答案与解析：C考
25、查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，将一万步作为每天的标准对老年人和患病的人来说运动量过高，可能对他们有害；且同样的距离内，腿短的人比腿长的人更容易达到一万步的目标，所以一万步对有的人来说太多，而对另一些人来说太少。相对而言，一万步目标对健康的、腿长的人来说是比较合理的。故选C。8答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The study.Researchers found that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a followup period of just ove
26、r four years, compared to women who took 2,700 steps”(研究人员发现，与每天走2 700步的女性相比，每天走4 400步的女性在4年以上的随访期内死亡的可能性要低40%左右)可推断，研究人员可能建议老年人为了健康每天走4 400步，故答案为A。.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然人生经历南极探险经历【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者通过面试，参加了一次南极探险，并充当探险队的队长。这次经历改变了作者的一生。在南极探险的时候，他经常反思并认真思考如何领导队伍，并最终成了一名畅销书作家和励志演说家。1答案与解析：A考查语境推断。结合语境可知，
27、作者不得不承认正是广告图片上的企鹅吸引了作者的注意。2答案与解析：C考查固定搭配。catch ones attention 为固定用法，意为“吸引某人的注意”。3答案与解析：C考查语境推断。结合上文中的“a job as a leader for an expedition(探险)to Antarctica”可知，此处表示寻找一个人来领导一支南极探险队。4答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据空后的“isolated”和语境可知，此处指的是南极，南极是一个遥远且与世隔绝的地方。5答案与解析：B考查逻辑推断。根据空后面的“and then got a job”可知，作者参加了面试。6答案与解析：D考查
28、语境推断。结合语境可知，作者很想获得这份工作，知道自己如果没有努力去争取的话，肯定会后悔的。7答案与解析：A考查常识推断。根据常识可知，南极很冷，在作者一年的南极探险中，他们得经历数月的极夜和无处躲藏的严寒。8答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据下文中的“After the journey，I wrote two bestselling books and became a motivational speaker”可知，作者在这次经历中学到了一些有效的道理。9答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据下文中的“every day I would think _11_ about how I had ope
29、rated as a leader”可知，作者每天会记日记并进行深思。10答案与解析：C考查语境推断。参见上题解析。11答案与解析：B考查语境推断。结合语境可知，作者会记日记，并认真思考自己作为领队的表现。12答案与解析：A考查语境推断。结合上文中讲到的作者会认真思考自己作为领队的表现可知，作者在不断地进行自我评价。13答案与解析：C考查语法。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，结合句意“我经常想起我看到企鹅图片的时候”可知，此处需要用 when.14答案与解析：D考查语境推断。结合上文可知，正是企鹅图片吸引了作者的注意，激励作者去参加此次南极探险。15答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据上文讲到
30、的作者成了一名畅销书作家和励志演说家可知，南极探险经历改变了作者的一生。.应用文写作【范文赏读】Dear Lisa，It is nice to know you are learning how to do embroidery in Suzhou，for I am also a big fan of this traditional Chinese handicraft. I wonder how you are getting along with your embroidery courses.My mother is credited with arousing my interest in Chinese silk embroidery. Under her guidance, I have just finished one piece of needlework and Id like to share it with you. If convenient, we can continue learning from each other by sharing our works and communicating regularly.Hope you can make more progress.Yours，Li Hua
