1、2021年上海市高考押题卷英语学科（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）I. Listening Comprehension(略)II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form
2、 of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Trump says hell leave if Biden is certifiedWASHINGTON President Trump said Thursday that he will leave the White House if the electoral college formalizes President-elect Joe Bidens victory even as he insisted such a d
3、ecision would be a “mistake” as he spent his Thanksgiving renewing baseless claims that “massive fraud” and crooked officials in battleground states caused his election defeat.“Certainly I will. But you know that,” Trump said when (21) (ask) whether he would vacate the building, allowing a peaceful
4、transition of power in January. But Trump taking questions Thursday for the first time since election day (22) (insist) that “a lot of things” would happen between now and then that might alter the results. The fact that a sittingAmerican president even had to address whether or not he would leave o
5、ffice after losing reelection underscores the extent (23) Trump has smashed one convention after another over the last three weeks.(24) there is no evidence of the kind of considerable fraud Trump has been alleging that would affect the outcome, he and his legal team have nonetheless been working to
6、 cast doubt on the integrity of the election and trying to overturn voters will in (25) unprecedented breach of democratic norms.Trump spoke to reporters in the White Houses ornate Diplomatic Reception Room after holding a teleconference with U.S. military leaders stationed (26) the globe. He thanke
7、d them for their service and jokingly warned them (27) (not eat) too much turkey, then turned to the election after (28) (end) the call. He repeated grievances and angrily denounced officials in Georgia and Pennsylvania, two key swing states that helped give Biden the win.Trump claimed, despite the
8、results, (29) this may not be his last Thanksgiving at the White House. And he insisted that there had been “massive fraud,” (30) state officials and international observers have said no such evidence exists and Trumps campaign has repeatedly failed in court.【答案】1.asked 2. insisted 3.to which 4.Whil
9、e 5. an 6.around 7.not to eat ending 9.that 10. even thoughSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. climate B.evolving C.announcement D.filed E.depending F.cuts G.drafted H.te
10、rminated I. critical J. specified K. allowDisney plans to lay off 4,000 more workersThe Walt Disney Co. announced plans to lay off 4,000 more workers in its theme parks division in California and Florida because of the pandemics effect on the industry.The (31) by the company was made in a U.S. Secur
11、ities and Exchange Commission filing earlier this week, saying 32,000 employees will be (32) in the first half of fiscal year 2021, which began last month. In late September, Disney had already announced plans to terminate 28,000 theme park workers.In the SEC document (33) on the eve of Thanksgiving
12、 Day, the company said it also put 37,000 employees not scheduled for termination on furlough（休假） as a result of the pandemic.“Due to the current (34) , including COVID-19 impacts, and (35) environment in which we are operating, the company has generated efficiency in its staffing, including limitin
13、g hiring to (36) business roles, furloughs and reductions-in-force,” the document said. The company also said it may make more (37) in spending such as reducing film and television content investments and additional furloughs and layoffs.In Florida, the company has been limiting attendance at its pa
14、rks and changing protocols（计划） to (38) for social distancing by limiting characters meet-and-greets.The company has not (39) the number of workers who would be affected in its Orlando theme parks. Disneys parks closed in March as the pandemic started spreading in the United States. The Florida parks
15、 reopened in the summer, but the California parks have yet to reopen (40) on state and local government approvals.【答案】C H D A B I F K J EIII. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blan
16、k with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Country diary: a chainsaw massacre in the alder woodsOn an overcast, drizzly afternoon at Durham Wildlife Trusts low Barns nature (41) alder provided the brightest splash of color in the (42) .A tree had been felled and sawn into (43) . Chainsaw w
17、ounds on this species can look like a massacre, because soon after the timber is cut, it turns a lurid shade of red, almost like blood, in stark contrast to the battleship-grey bark, (44) those wounds, which briefly (45) raw meat, fade to orange and finally to chestnut brown.When this reserve was es
18、tablished half a century ago, around old gravel pits (采沙场), some moisture-loving alders were planted to help (46) a bare, windswept site. Alder wood is one of the finest sources of charcoal, and the plantation trees are old enough now to be coppiced, to produce barbecue fuel.There is also an importa
19、nt natural alder wood here, created by a cataclysm almost two and a half centuries ago, which led to the designation of the reserve as a site of special scientific interest.The Great Flood of 1771 (47) Weardale, washing away bridges all the way to the coast. When the water subsided, the course of th
20、e River Wear had (48) half a mile south, and the old riverbed became what is now the reserves Long Alder Wood, the finest example of its kind in the region.When it sometimes floods, this tangle of gnarled（苍劲嶙峋的） trees has a (49) of the Florida Everglades（佛罗里达大沼泽） about it, with mossy, fallen trunks
21、sinking back into the ooze (淤泥). Year round, there are wonderful (50) to watch birds from an embankment level with the tree canopy. This afternoon an acrobatic flock of about 30 goldfinches（金翅雀）(51) and chattered through the twigs, feeding on tiny seeds that fall from the woody cones.Sadly, since th
22、e mid-1990s, another (52) has befallen this locally (53) woodland: alder dieback disease has killed around half the mature trees. Coppicing is leading to some regeneration, though in this precious (54) dead timber is allowed to lay where it falls, reserved for the needs of a (55) community of fungi,
23、 invertebrates and woodpeckers, rather than back-garden burger-flippers on summer evenings.41. A. reserveB. preserve C. conserveD. deserve42. A. sceneB. view C. scope D. landscape43. A. logsB. materials C. resourcesD. sources44. A. EverlastinglyB. Eventually C. Continually D. Sustainably45. A. assem
24、bleB. present C. overcast D. resemble46. A. rejuvenate B. revenge C. reformD. remain47. A. gone through B. got through C. swept through D. cut through48. A. changedB. shifted C. reversedD. revised49. A. clueB. plot C. evidenceD. hint50. A. opportunities B. possibilitiesC. alternativesD. probabilitie
25、s51. A. schemedB. crawledC. bouncedD. scattered52. A. misfortuneB. catastropheC. setbackD. adversity53. A. uniqueB. peculiarC. especial D. particular54. A. frontierB. territoryC. habitat D. boundary55. A. variousB. versatileC. multiple D. diverse【答案】ADABD BCBDA CBACDSection BDirections: Read the fol
26、lowing three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)When experts ponder the future of automobiles. th
27、ey tend to focus on two novel modes of transportation: driverless cars and flying cars. At this years CES technology show in Las Vegas, Hyundai has introduced a third vision for how vehicles might traverse the world around them -one that does not rely solely on wheels.More than 2,000 years after the
28、 wheelbarrows debut in classical Greece, ushering in a newer of locomotion. Hyundai s latest concept car is designed to walk as easily as it rolls, Called Elevate, the daddy-long-legs-like machine has wheels at the end of long robotic legs that would allow users to drive, walk or even climb over the
29、 most treacherous terrain, according to the companyThe company-which labels the machine a UMV, or ultimate mobility vehicle-said the concept was inspired by the need for resilient transportation in disaster zones, where conventional vehicles are often rendered useless. When a tsunami or earthquake h
30、its, current rescue vehicles can only deliver first responders to the edge of the debris field, John Suh, Hyundai vice president and head of Hyundai CRADLE, said in a statement on the companys website “ They have to go the rest of the way by foot. Elevate can drive to the scene and climb right over
31、flood debris or crumbled concrete. Suh added the vehicles usefulness would not be limited to emergency situations. For people living with disabilities without access to an ADA ramp, the statement said, an autonomous version of the Elevate could walk to a front door and position itself so a wheelchai
32、r could “roll right in.”How realistic is the Elevate concept?David Bailey, a professor at Aston Business School in England, told the BBC that although concept cars may not make it to the factory floor. they can help generate valuable new ideas. “For most of us, its going to be wheels and roads, but
33、in extreme situations there may be scope for this sort of thing. Bailey said. “There may well be applications in terms of emergency services- but there are very big technological challenges to make this sort of thing.”Hyundais vision is undeniably ambitious. The company said it envisions being able
34、to switch out different Elevate body types for different situations. The vehicle is designed to use “both mammalian and reptilian walking gaits”, giving it the ability to travel in any direction, the company said, noting the legs fold up into a stowed drive-mode to save power.Those legs. the company
35、 said, would be able to climb over a five- foot wall and step across a five-foot gap. A concept video produced by Hyundai shows the vehicle performing a mixture of driving and walking. When the surface is relatively flat, the vehicle tums to conventional wheels, but when the terrain grows craggy, th
36、e vehicles wheels appear to lock into place and its legs extend, taking synchronized steps forward.When surrounded by massive chunks of concrete from what appears to be a collapsed structure, Elevate is shown leveling itself on an incline so rescuers can load a stretcher inside. “Imagine a car stran
37、ded in a snow ditch just 10 feet off the highway being able to walk or climb over the treacherous terrain, back to the road, potentially saving its injured passengers-this is the future of vehicular mobility, said David Byron, industrial design manager at Sundberg-Ferar, a Detroit-based design firm
38、that partnered with Hyundai to create the Elevate.56. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the article about where Elevate can be used?A. In a tsunami.B. In an earthquakeC. In severe weather conditionsD. In some situations where the disabled need help57. The underlined word terrain in the seco
39、nd paragraph from bottom probably meanA. road B geography C. condition D. situation58. Which can best explain why Elevate may have a promising future according to the text?A. Because it can help disabled people better their life in many ways.B. Because the research funds for this kind of car are ava
40、ilable and sufficient.C Because it has a wide range of uses in many fields as well as in people life.D. Because it is nothing but a technological challenge to make this sort of thing.59. Which of the following best describes the authors main purpose in writing this article?A. To introduce readers an
41、 interesting technological product.B. To persuade readers to buy this kind of new product.C. To entertain readers with this new product.D. To explain to readers why the Elevates invention is difficult.【答案】CBCA(B)One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop
42、 using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor（叛徒）. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. H
43、e made a bad decision, they saidat least as it was presented by Shakespeareto take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to understand,” the executives said,
44、 “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America to have been exploiting Shakespeares wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-kno
45、wn advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeares”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 wor
46、kshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar, for example, Cassiuss sly p
47、rovocation（狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against Caesar was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organizing.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programs contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop o
48、n Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henrys winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases (偏向): their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes
49、 a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldnt make his mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt to be related. Caesars pride, which
50、 led to his murder, and Brutuss mistakes in leading the traitors after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving in a business: when and how do you resist the boss?60. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B.
51、To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management. D. To warn executives against power misuse.61. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. the Adelmans program proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel
52、bored with too many specific elements of Shakespeares plays.C. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.62. The best title for the passage is _.A. Shakespeares plays: Executives reconsider corporate cult
53、ure.B. Shakespeares plays: An essential key to business success.C. Shakespeares plays: a lesson for business motivation.D. Shakespeares plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic results.【答案】ADD(C)Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Europe and
54、above all Rome, as the culmination(终极) of their classical education Thus the idea of the Grand Tour was born, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the
55、period. Possible only for a privileged class the same that produced gentlemen scientists authors antique experts and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough background in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time some means and some interest in a
56、rt. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture. he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourist however stayed for briefer periods and set ou
57、t with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the end of the 18th century Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collecti
58、ons. and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in Veneto and the evocative ruins of Rome to the
59、ir own country houses and gardens.63. What did Grand Tourists have in common?A. They had much geographic knowledge.B. They were versed in literature and interested in art.C. They were courageous and venturesome.D. They had enough travel and outdoor life experience.64. How did Grand Tourists benefit
60、from their travel?A. They found inspiration in the worlds greatest masterpieces.B. They got a better understanding of early human civilization.C. They developed an interest in the origin of modern art forms.D. They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.65. Why did many Grand Touris
61、ts visit the private collections?A. They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.B. Europe hardly had any museums before 19th century.C. They found the antiques there more valuable.D. Private collections were of greater variety.66. How dis the Grand Tour influence the architecture in Engl
62、and?A. There appeared more and more Roman style buildings.B. Many aristocrats began to move into Roman style villas.C. Aristocrats country houses all had Roman style gardens.D. Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.【答案】CDBASection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in
63、 each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Make choices that are right for you. B. Be sure to work through the critical questions. C. And examine the findings of the original research. D. Distingui
64、sh between research reports and public health advice. E. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. F. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. Evaluating Sources of Health Information Ma
65、king good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information, how to separate facts from opi
66、nions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. (67) Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science.
67、 Think about the type of study. (68) Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behavior contributes to or is associated with an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. (69) Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understan
68、d it. Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. The goal of an ad is to sell you something. Evaluate scientific statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术). (70) Friends and family members
69、can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.【答案】FCEAIV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the follo
70、wing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet. More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for mor
71、e than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more. Insects can be found almost everywhere - on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees, and
72、 run and dance in the air. They come in many different colors and various shapes. There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to a
73、ny major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foodspaint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African
74、 ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised(伪装) like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural
75、 object Some insects use bright, bold colors to send warning signals that they taste bad, sting or are poison. Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies are fooled into avoiding them.【答案】Insects are expert at surviving than all other
76、 animal species for following reasons. First, their amazing adaptable ability allows them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments / situation. Moreover, insects have a great reproductive ability. The third reason is that they can use protective colors to protect them from their en
77、emies.V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 在举目无亲的情况下，他不得不向警察们求助。(cant help)_73. 规定每位小提琴手都必须演奏一首中国作品以弘扬中华文化。 (require)_74. 毫无疑问在这个充满竞争的社会，保持幽默有助于减少压力并促进创造性思维。(contribute)_75. 我们应重视保持孩子学习与玩耍的平衡，正如一句老话说的那样：“只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变
78、傻。”(emphasis)_【答案】1. He couldnt help but turn to the police for help in the case of no relatives around.2. Each of the violinists was required to play a Chinese musical work to promote Chinese culture.3. There is no doubt that in a competitive society, keeping a sense of humour contributes to reduci
79、ng pressure and promoting creative thinking.4. We should place emphasis on children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”VI. Guided Writing: Directions: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructio
80、ns given below in Chinese. 76. 假设你是明启中学高三张华，在某报纸上看到一则报道，寒冬腊月，一名老人因不会使用手机扫描通信大数据行程码，被公交车司机呵斥要求其下车。互联网的发展便利人们生活的同时，却让很多老年人无所适从，就如何让银发族跨越 “数字化”鸿沟的问题报社征集现广大读者的建议。请你写一封信给该报。在信中，你必须：1. 你对老年人 “数字化”鸿沟的看法；2. 就如何帮助老年人跨越 “数字化”鸿沟提出建议。【答案】To whom it may concern,Reading the report that a senior citizen was declin
81、ed from riding bus due to being unable to display his health codes with smartphone, Im so touched that Im writing to voice my opinions.While the majority of the populace enjoys the convenience of digital technologies, however, senior citizens are experiencing greater and greater difficulties with th
82、e digital divide. This is rather disappointing. Measures should be taken to bridge the digital divide for senior citizens.To begin with, we need to strengthen education and training for senior citizens. Many of them have little knowledge of new technologies. Therefor wed better hire specialized and
83、patient coaches, select easy-to-understand teaching materials, and help the senior citizens to become literate in technology. Then, we should launch more senior-friendly products. For example, the taxi-hailing platform of Shanghai has enabled “one button hail” and “big letter mode” so that seniors w
84、ith poor eyesight can send their location information with a single click. More importantly, senior citizens are not passively taking in help from others. We must encourage them to act together, to overcome fear of new technologies, and stick to the belief of “never too old to learn”.In a nutshell, to help senior citizens bridge the digital divide, we need joint efforts from the governments, companies, and the whole society. Hope that my suggestions would be taken into consideration. Yours, Zhang Hua